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Papers by Michael Sprinkel

Research paper thumbnail of Technical Assistance Report Very-Early-Strength Latex-Modified Concrete Overlay

This paper describes the installation and condition of the first two very-early-strength latex mo... more This paper describes the installation and condition of the first two very-early-strength latex modified concrete (LMC-VE) overlays constructed for the Virginia Department of Transportation. The overlays were prepared with a special blended cement rather than the Type I/II cement used in the conventional latex-modified concrete (LMC) overlay. LMC-VE mixture proportions, installation equipment, and procedures are similar to those used for conventional LMC overlays. However, when working with LMC-VE, the contractor must work faster because the concrete loses slump rapidly and the curing period is approximately 3 rather than 72 hours.

Research paper thumbnail of Very-Early-Strength Latex-Modified Concrete Overlay

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board, Feb 2, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Prefabricated Bridge Elements and Systems

Concrete Construction Engineering Handbook, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Bonded Concrete Overlays

Concrete Construction Engineering Handbook, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Technical Assistance Report Very-Early-Strength Latex-Modified Concrete Overlay

This paper describes the installation and condition of the first two very-early-strength latex mo... more This paper describes the installation and condition of the first two very-early-strength latex modified concrete (LMC-VE) overlays constructed for the Virginia Department of Transportation. The overlays were prepared with a special blended cement rather than the Type I/II cement used in the conventional latex-modified concrete (LMC) overlay. LMC-VE mixture proportions, installation equipment, and procedures are similar to those used for conventional LMC overlays. However, when working with LMC-VE, the contractor must work faster because the concrete loses slump rapidly and the curing period is approximately 3 rather than 72 hours.

Research paper thumbnail of Maintenance of Concrete Bridges

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board, Feb 2, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Twenty-Five Year Experience with Polymer Concrete Bridge Deck Overlays. In: Polymers in Concrete: The First Thirty Years

Publication of American Concrete Institute, 2003

Research paper thumbnail of Effective field use of high range water reduced concrete

Final Report Feb 1977 Nov 1981 Virginia Highway and Transportation Research Council Charlottesville, Nov 1, 1981

The experience of the Virginia Department of Highways and Transportation with the use of high ran... more The experience of the Virginia Department of Highways and Transportation with the use of high range water reduced (HRWR) concrete is described as well as the installation of the HRWR concrete in two pavements and four bridge decks. The results of evaluative tests are included along with recommendations concerning the further use of HRWR concrete. On the average the HRWR concrete placed in the field with conventional equipment was properly consolidated and controlled. However, because of the unanticipated variability of the concrete, portions of the concrete exhibited inadequate consolidation, segregated mixture components, improperly entrained air, shrinkage cracks, and poor finishes. Specimens subjected to cycles of freezing and thawing showed low durability factors that were attributed to an unsatisfactory air void system. Subsequent laboratory work revealed that HRWR admixtures satisfied the requirements of ASTM C494.

Research paper thumbnail of Systems Construction Techniques for Short-Span Concrete Bridges

Transportation Research Record, 1978

Research paper thumbnail of Techniques for Increasing the Skid Resistance of Bridge Decks

Transportation Research Record, 1991

Research paper thumbnail of Thermal Compatibility of Thin Polymer-Concrete Overlays

Transportation Research Record, 1983

Research paper thumbnail of Varina Enon Tendon Failure

Research paper thumbnail of Polymer Concrete Bridge Overlays

Transportation Research Record, 1993

Research paper thumbnail of Long Lasting Overlays Prevent Corrosion Deterioration of Bridge Decks

Research paper thumbnail of Research Pays Off: Very Early Strength Latex-Modified Concrete Bridge Overlays: Virginia's Quick Cure for Roadway Maintenance Delays

Research paper thumbnail of Condition of Concrete Overlays on Route 60 Over Lynnhaven Inlet After 10 Years Virginia Transportation Research Council

15. Supplementary Notes: This project was financed with federal Part II State Planning and Resear... more 15. Supplementary Notes: This project was financed with federal Part II State Planning and Research (SPR) funds for an estimated total project cost of $27,636. 16. Abstract:

Research paper thumbnail of Final Report Latex-Modified Concrete Overlay Containing Type K Cement

Hydraulic cement concrete overlays are usually placed on bridges to reduce the infiltration of wa... more Hydraulic cement concrete overlays are usually placed on bridges to reduce the infiltration of water and chloride ions and to improve skid resistance, ride quality, and surface appearance. Constructed in accordance with prescription specifications, some overlays have performed well for more than 30 years whereas others have cracked and delaminated before the overlay was opened to traffic. Shrinkage of the concrete is the most common cause of cracking in overlays. The use of Type K (expansive) cement should increase the probability that concrete overlays with minimal cracks will be constructed.

Research paper thumbnail of Prefabricated bridge elements and systems / Michael m. Sprinkel

Research paper thumbnail of Rapid Overlays for Deck Preservation

Research paper thumbnail of Final Report Performance Specification for High Performance Concrete Overlays on Bridges

Hydraulic cement concrete overlays are usually placed on bridges to reduce the infiltration of wa... more Hydraulic cement concrete overlays are usually placed on bridges to reduce the infiltration of water and chloride ions and to improve skid resistance, ride quality, and surface appearance. Constructed in accordance with prescription specifications, some overlays have performed well for more than 30 years whereas others have cracked and delaminated before the overlay was opened to traffic. The use of performance specifications should increase the probability that concrete overlays will be constructed with high bond strengths and minimal cracks and will perform well for many years.

Research paper thumbnail of Technical Assistance Report Very-Early-Strength Latex-Modified Concrete Overlay

This paper describes the installation and condition of the first two very-early-strength latex mo... more This paper describes the installation and condition of the first two very-early-strength latex modified concrete (LMC-VE) overlays constructed for the Virginia Department of Transportation. The overlays were prepared with a special blended cement rather than the Type I/II cement used in the conventional latex-modified concrete (LMC) overlay. LMC-VE mixture proportions, installation equipment, and procedures are similar to those used for conventional LMC overlays. However, when working with LMC-VE, the contractor must work faster because the concrete loses slump rapidly and the curing period is approximately 3 rather than 72 hours.

Research paper thumbnail of Very-Early-Strength Latex-Modified Concrete Overlay

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board, Feb 2, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Prefabricated Bridge Elements and Systems

Concrete Construction Engineering Handbook, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Bonded Concrete Overlays

Concrete Construction Engineering Handbook, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Technical Assistance Report Very-Early-Strength Latex-Modified Concrete Overlay

This paper describes the installation and condition of the first two very-early-strength latex mo... more This paper describes the installation and condition of the first two very-early-strength latex modified concrete (LMC-VE) overlays constructed for the Virginia Department of Transportation. The overlays were prepared with a special blended cement rather than the Type I/II cement used in the conventional latex-modified concrete (LMC) overlay. LMC-VE mixture proportions, installation equipment, and procedures are similar to those used for conventional LMC overlays. However, when working with LMC-VE, the contractor must work faster because the concrete loses slump rapidly and the curing period is approximately 3 rather than 72 hours.

Research paper thumbnail of Maintenance of Concrete Bridges

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board, Feb 2, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Twenty-Five Year Experience with Polymer Concrete Bridge Deck Overlays. In: Polymers in Concrete: The First Thirty Years

Publication of American Concrete Institute, 2003

Research paper thumbnail of Effective field use of high range water reduced concrete

Final Report Feb 1977 Nov 1981 Virginia Highway and Transportation Research Council Charlottesville, Nov 1, 1981

The experience of the Virginia Department of Highways and Transportation with the use of high ran... more The experience of the Virginia Department of Highways and Transportation with the use of high range water reduced (HRWR) concrete is described as well as the installation of the HRWR concrete in two pavements and four bridge decks. The results of evaluative tests are included along with recommendations concerning the further use of HRWR concrete. On the average the HRWR concrete placed in the field with conventional equipment was properly consolidated and controlled. However, because of the unanticipated variability of the concrete, portions of the concrete exhibited inadequate consolidation, segregated mixture components, improperly entrained air, shrinkage cracks, and poor finishes. Specimens subjected to cycles of freezing and thawing showed low durability factors that were attributed to an unsatisfactory air void system. Subsequent laboratory work revealed that HRWR admixtures satisfied the requirements of ASTM C494.

Research paper thumbnail of Systems Construction Techniques for Short-Span Concrete Bridges

Transportation Research Record, 1978

Research paper thumbnail of Techniques for Increasing the Skid Resistance of Bridge Decks

Transportation Research Record, 1991

Research paper thumbnail of Thermal Compatibility of Thin Polymer-Concrete Overlays

Transportation Research Record, 1983

Research paper thumbnail of Varina Enon Tendon Failure

Research paper thumbnail of Polymer Concrete Bridge Overlays

Transportation Research Record, 1993

Research paper thumbnail of Long Lasting Overlays Prevent Corrosion Deterioration of Bridge Decks

Research paper thumbnail of Research Pays Off: Very Early Strength Latex-Modified Concrete Bridge Overlays: Virginia's Quick Cure for Roadway Maintenance Delays

Research paper thumbnail of Condition of Concrete Overlays on Route 60 Over Lynnhaven Inlet After 10 Years Virginia Transportation Research Council

15. Supplementary Notes: This project was financed with federal Part II State Planning and Resear... more 15. Supplementary Notes: This project was financed with federal Part II State Planning and Research (SPR) funds for an estimated total project cost of $27,636. 16. Abstract:

Research paper thumbnail of Final Report Latex-Modified Concrete Overlay Containing Type K Cement

Hydraulic cement concrete overlays are usually placed on bridges to reduce the infiltration of wa... more Hydraulic cement concrete overlays are usually placed on bridges to reduce the infiltration of water and chloride ions and to improve skid resistance, ride quality, and surface appearance. Constructed in accordance with prescription specifications, some overlays have performed well for more than 30 years whereas others have cracked and delaminated before the overlay was opened to traffic. Shrinkage of the concrete is the most common cause of cracking in overlays. The use of Type K (expansive) cement should increase the probability that concrete overlays with minimal cracks will be constructed.

Research paper thumbnail of Prefabricated bridge elements and systems / Michael m. Sprinkel

Research paper thumbnail of Rapid Overlays for Deck Preservation

Research paper thumbnail of Final Report Performance Specification for High Performance Concrete Overlays on Bridges

Hydraulic cement concrete overlays are usually placed on bridges to reduce the infiltration of wa... more Hydraulic cement concrete overlays are usually placed on bridges to reduce the infiltration of water and chloride ions and to improve skid resistance, ride quality, and surface appearance. Constructed in accordance with prescription specifications, some overlays have performed well for more than 30 years whereas others have cracked and delaminated before the overlay was opened to traffic. The use of performance specifications should increase the probability that concrete overlays will be constructed with high bond strengths and minimal cracks and will perform well for many years.