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Papers by Michael Trachtenberg
SAE Technical Papers
ABSTRACT
Control of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is crucial for all crew inhabited space-flight missions. Air re... more Control of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is crucial for all crew inhabited space-flight missions. Air revitalization requires safe and reliable CO 2 extraction systems characterized by small volume, low mass, low rate of energy use, minimal use of consumables, and little or no crew time for operation and maintenance. Current designs are relatively costly to operate due to consumable usage rates (e.g., LiOH), high mass and/or volume (solid amines), and/or high energy costs associated with regeneration of CO 2 adsorption capacity (e.g., metal oxide).
Life support & biosphere science: international journal of earth space
Elevated CO 2 levels in air can lead to impaired functioning and even death to humans.
Life support & biosphere science: international journal of earth space
The present invention provides a resin-wafer electro-deionization (RW-EDI) app. including cathode... more The present invention provides a resin-wafer electro-deionization (RW-EDI) app. including cathode and anode electrodes sepd. by a plurality of porous solid ion exchange resin wafers, which when in use are filled with an aq. fluid. The app. includes ≥1 wafers comprising a basic ion exchange medium, and preferably includes ≥1 wafers comprising an acidic ion exchange medium. The wafers are sepd. from 1 another by ion exchange membranes. The fluid within the acidic and/or basic ion exchange wafers preferably includes, or is in contact with, a carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzyme to facilitate conversion of bicarbonate ion to CO2 within the acidic medium. A pH suitable for exchange of CO2 is electrochem. maintained within the basic and acidic ion exchange wafers by applying an elec. potential across the cathode and anode. [on SciFinder(R)]
Current Therapeutic Research, 1997
Over a 2-year period we carried out a prospective analysis of 247 outpatients in a very-low-calor... more Over a 2-year period we carried out a prospective analysis of 247 outpatients in a very-low-calorie fasting program. Subjects having difficulty attaining their desired weight or maintaining their desired weight constituted the experimental group. At 2 years, the experimental group that took ...
Experientia, 1987
Scrutiny of the data from these studies reveals that the C58/J alcohol-preferring mice have signi... more Scrutiny of the data from these studies reveals that the C58/J alcohol-preferring mice have significantly lower baseline methionine-enkephalin levels in both the corpus striatum and hypothalamus compared to C3H/CHRGL/2 non-alcohol-preferring mice. In other brain regions in these two strains, specifically, pituitary, amygdala, midbrain, and hippocampus, analysis of methionine-enkephalin levels did not show any significant differences. This suggests that the hypothalamus may indeed be a specific locus involved in the regulation of alcohol intake, via the molecular interaction between neuroamines, opioid peptides, as they are influenced by genetics and environment.
... Michael C. Trachtenberg*1, Lihong Bao1, ... These combined costs for operating expense,amorti... more ... Michael C. Trachtenberg*1, Lihong Bao1, ... These combined costs for operating expense,amortization of the capital expense, and CO2 avoidance is <$13/ metric tonne CO2 ... We are also grateful to DOE project managers Frank Ferrell and Jose Figueroa for their insights and help ...
Current topics in cellular regulation
Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 1978
Myelin carbonic anhydrase (CA) was studied with respect to its development in various brain regio... more Myelin carbonic anhydrase (CA) was studied with respect to its development in various brain regions and light and heavy myelin (LM and HM). The data indicate that the specific activity of myelin CA has a clear neuraxial distribution, increasing rostrally. The absolute activities and relative distribution are invariant with age; this suggests the CA activity in myelin is independent of stage and degree of myelination. The studies on HM and LM illustrate that HM, like total myelin, has a constant CA activity during development. In contrast, LM although equal to HM at 14 days, progressively decays to an adult level which is one-fourth that of HM. The distribution of CA in myelin was further investigated by comparing the activity in myelin with that present in the SN4 fraction. The activity in this latter fraction, which is derived from heavy myelin, was found to be 2.2 times higher than that in the myelin fraction. Thus, in the adult there exists an almost ten-fold range of activities ...
Substance Use & Misuse, 1988
Until recently alcoholism was regarded as being an incurable psychological problem. During the la... more Until recently alcoholism was regarded as being an incurable psychological problem. During the last decade a chain of research has led to a new insight into the causes and potential alleviation of alcohol craving: Recent discoveries indicate that the brain has receptor sites for naturally occurring opiate-like substances (endorphins and enkephalins) which are produced by the nervous system. Opiates such as morphine or heroin, and some of the metabolic products of alcohol (tetrahydroisoquinolines), can also attach themselves to these receptors. It has been further discovered that the craving for alcohol is related to a deficiency of the naturally occurring opiate-like substances as well as other neurotransmitter substances. This deficiency can occur genetically or as a result of prolonged stress or long-term heavy drinking. The neurochemical imbalance may be treated chemically, leading to a possible alleviation of the craving for alcohol, especially in conjunction with psychotherapeutic and counseling regimens.
Science, 1970
The membrane time constant of neocortical glial cells is abolut 385 microseconds, less than one-t... more The membrane time constant of neocortical glial cells is abolut 385 microseconds, less than one-twentieth the known value for the Betz cell. Glial membrane specific resistance is low (approximately 200 to 500 ohm centimeters squared. Neuroglial cells are ideally suited to buffer the immediate extraneuronal space at areas of synaptic contact against the increases in external potassium ion concentration that accompany postsynaptic and spike activity and to minimize the spread of potassium ions to other pre- and postsynaptic regions.
Neurochemical Research, 1980
Total and specific carbonic anhydrase activity was measured for 24 structures of the rat central ... more Total and specific carbonic anhydrase activity was measured for 24 structures of the rat central and peripheral nervous system. In the CNS, white matter or regions containing largely white matter show a neuraxial distribution of enzyme activity; more cephalad structures display more activity. Gray matter regions do not show a rostrocaudal distribution and usually have lower activity than adjacent myelincontaining structures. PNS tissue shows neither the white-gray differences nor the rostrocaudal profile of CNS tissue. Subcellular fractionation of 18 regions of the CNS suggest that the predominance of membrane-bound carbonic anhydrase (60% of the total activity and independent of its magnitude) is a unique characteristic of all regions of the central nervous system.
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 1988
ABSTRACT
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 1988
SAE Technical Papers
ABSTRACT
Control of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is crucial for all crew inhabited space-flight missions. Air re... more Control of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is crucial for all crew inhabited space-flight missions. Air revitalization requires safe and reliable CO 2 extraction systems characterized by small volume, low mass, low rate of energy use, minimal use of consumables, and little or no crew time for operation and maintenance. Current designs are relatively costly to operate due to consumable usage rates (e.g., LiOH), high mass and/or volume (solid amines), and/or high energy costs associated with regeneration of CO 2 adsorption capacity (e.g., metal oxide).
Life support & biosphere science: international journal of earth space
Elevated CO 2 levels in air can lead to impaired functioning and even death to humans.
Life support & biosphere science: international journal of earth space
The present invention provides a resin-wafer electro-deionization (RW-EDI) app. including cathode... more The present invention provides a resin-wafer electro-deionization (RW-EDI) app. including cathode and anode electrodes sepd. by a plurality of porous solid ion exchange resin wafers, which when in use are filled with an aq. fluid. The app. includes ≥1 wafers comprising a basic ion exchange medium, and preferably includes ≥1 wafers comprising an acidic ion exchange medium. The wafers are sepd. from 1 another by ion exchange membranes. The fluid within the acidic and/or basic ion exchange wafers preferably includes, or is in contact with, a carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzyme to facilitate conversion of bicarbonate ion to CO2 within the acidic medium. A pH suitable for exchange of CO2 is electrochem. maintained within the basic and acidic ion exchange wafers by applying an elec. potential across the cathode and anode. [on SciFinder(R)]
Current Therapeutic Research, 1997
Over a 2-year period we carried out a prospective analysis of 247 outpatients in a very-low-calor... more Over a 2-year period we carried out a prospective analysis of 247 outpatients in a very-low-calorie fasting program. Subjects having difficulty attaining their desired weight or maintaining their desired weight constituted the experimental group. At 2 years, the experimental group that took ...
Experientia, 1987
Scrutiny of the data from these studies reveals that the C58/J alcohol-preferring mice have signi... more Scrutiny of the data from these studies reveals that the C58/J alcohol-preferring mice have significantly lower baseline methionine-enkephalin levels in both the corpus striatum and hypothalamus compared to C3H/CHRGL/2 non-alcohol-preferring mice. In other brain regions in these two strains, specifically, pituitary, amygdala, midbrain, and hippocampus, analysis of methionine-enkephalin levels did not show any significant differences. This suggests that the hypothalamus may indeed be a specific locus involved in the regulation of alcohol intake, via the molecular interaction between neuroamines, opioid peptides, as they are influenced by genetics and environment.
... Michael C. Trachtenberg*1, Lihong Bao1, ... These combined costs for operating expense,amorti... more ... Michael C. Trachtenberg*1, Lihong Bao1, ... These combined costs for operating expense,amortization of the capital expense, and CO2 avoidance is <$13/ metric tonne CO2 ... We are also grateful to DOE project managers Frank Ferrell and Jose Figueroa for their insights and help ...
Current topics in cellular regulation
Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 1978
Myelin carbonic anhydrase (CA) was studied with respect to its development in various brain regio... more Myelin carbonic anhydrase (CA) was studied with respect to its development in various brain regions and light and heavy myelin (LM and HM). The data indicate that the specific activity of myelin CA has a clear neuraxial distribution, increasing rostrally. The absolute activities and relative distribution are invariant with age; this suggests the CA activity in myelin is independent of stage and degree of myelination. The studies on HM and LM illustrate that HM, like total myelin, has a constant CA activity during development. In contrast, LM although equal to HM at 14 days, progressively decays to an adult level which is one-fourth that of HM. The distribution of CA in myelin was further investigated by comparing the activity in myelin with that present in the SN4 fraction. The activity in this latter fraction, which is derived from heavy myelin, was found to be 2.2 times higher than that in the myelin fraction. Thus, in the adult there exists an almost ten-fold range of activities ...
Substance Use & Misuse, 1988
Until recently alcoholism was regarded as being an incurable psychological problem. During the la... more Until recently alcoholism was regarded as being an incurable psychological problem. During the last decade a chain of research has led to a new insight into the causes and potential alleviation of alcohol craving: Recent discoveries indicate that the brain has receptor sites for naturally occurring opiate-like substances (endorphins and enkephalins) which are produced by the nervous system. Opiates such as morphine or heroin, and some of the metabolic products of alcohol (tetrahydroisoquinolines), can also attach themselves to these receptors. It has been further discovered that the craving for alcohol is related to a deficiency of the naturally occurring opiate-like substances as well as other neurotransmitter substances. This deficiency can occur genetically or as a result of prolonged stress or long-term heavy drinking. The neurochemical imbalance may be treated chemically, leading to a possible alleviation of the craving for alcohol, especially in conjunction with psychotherapeutic and counseling regimens.
Science, 1970
The membrane time constant of neocortical glial cells is abolut 385 microseconds, less than one-t... more The membrane time constant of neocortical glial cells is abolut 385 microseconds, less than one-twentieth the known value for the Betz cell. Glial membrane specific resistance is low (approximately 200 to 500 ohm centimeters squared. Neuroglial cells are ideally suited to buffer the immediate extraneuronal space at areas of synaptic contact against the increases in external potassium ion concentration that accompany postsynaptic and spike activity and to minimize the spread of potassium ions to other pre- and postsynaptic regions.
Neurochemical Research, 1980
Total and specific carbonic anhydrase activity was measured for 24 structures of the rat central ... more Total and specific carbonic anhydrase activity was measured for 24 structures of the rat central and peripheral nervous system. In the CNS, white matter or regions containing largely white matter show a neuraxial distribution of enzyme activity; more cephalad structures display more activity. Gray matter regions do not show a rostrocaudal distribution and usually have lower activity than adjacent myelincontaining structures. PNS tissue shows neither the white-gray differences nor the rostrocaudal profile of CNS tissue. Subcellular fractionation of 18 regions of the CNS suggest that the predominance of membrane-bound carbonic anhydrase (60% of the total activity and independent of its magnitude) is a unique characteristic of all regions of the central nervous system.
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 1988
ABSTRACT
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 1988