Michiel de Bok - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Michiel de Bok
Employment Location Models: Conclusions
Advances in Spatial Science, 2012
Ersa Conference Papers, 2002
Rental levels of office floor space are determined by aspects of the buildings and aspects of the... more Rental levels of office floor space are determined by aspects of the buildings and aspects of the location. In this contribution we focus on the characteristics of locations using a large database of market-transactions. Accessibility proves to have an important impact on price levels. In particular the most expensive locations must have an excellent international accessibility by Air. Empirical results are presented.
Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board, Feb 3, 2015
Ersa Conference Papers, Sep 1, 2005
This research presents a simulation approach that models the dynamics in the firm population in i... more This research presents a simulation approach that models the dynamics in the firm population in integrated land use and transport models. The approach first of all accounts for the individual firm as the decision making unit and secondly represents the urban system with high spatial detail. This provides the opportunity to account for firm specific behaviour, allowing a large variety in responses to changes in the simulated system. Moreover the firm level simulation output provides improved possibilities to evaluate the impact of spatial scenarios. The presented firm demographic approach models transitions in the state of individual firms by simulating events such as firm migration, firm growth or firm formation and dissolution. This firm demographic model will be linked to an urban transport model in order to obtain a dynamic simulation of mobility (and accessibility) developments. It can be applied for the analysis of effects of different spatial and transport planning scenarios on the firm population and mobility. The paper describes the firm demographic model specifications, as well as the calibration of the model components.
A Population Simulator and Disaggregate Transport Demand Models for Flanders
Transportation Research Procedia, 2015
Accessibility modeling and evaluation: The TIGRIS XL land-use and transport interaction model for the Netherlands
Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 2015
ABSTRACT In current practice, transportation planning often ignores the effects of major transpor... more ABSTRACT In current practice, transportation planning often ignores the effects of major transportation improvements on land use and the distribution of land use activities, which might affect the accessibility impacts and economic efficiency of the transportation investment strategies. In this paper, we describe the model specification and application of the land use transport interaction model TIGRIS XL for the Netherlands. The TIGRIS XL land-use and transport interaction model can internationally be positioned among the recursive or quasi-dynamic land-use and transport interaction models. The National Model System, the main transport model used in Dutch national transport policy making and evaluation, is fully integrated in the modeling framework. Accessibility modeling and evaluation are disaggregated and fully consistent, which is not common in accessibility modeling research. Logsum accessibility measures estimated by the transport model are used as explanatory variables for the residential and firm location modules and as indicators in policy evaluations, expressing accessibility benefits expressed in monetary terms. Modeling results indicate that accessibility changes from transport investments in the Netherlands have a significant but modest positive influence on the location choice of residents and firms. This is probably mainly due to the spatial structure and already dense and well developed transport networks, and the large influence of national, regional and local governments on the Dutch land use markets.
Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2011
The growing general concern on limited resources (e.g. space) have led to the conviction that pol... more The growing general concern on limited resources (e.g. space) have led to the conviction that policy makers, that deal with urban development, need to consider their choices carefully, with respect to the effects on urban development on the long term. Models that describe the urban development provide quantitative insight in the effects of possible government policy and are a useful tool for policy makers. In the last decade new generation computers have drastically increased data handling capacity and graphically possibilities, allowing much more detail in spatial modeling. This has resulted in research efforts into urban models to quantify the effects of spatial policy. The research, which will be described in this paper, aims for an integrated approach to spatial modeling with special attention on the influence of transport networks and the role of the government. Main objective of the research is the development and application of an urban model to quantify the effects of planni...
WCTR2010 EstimationPTNationalModel
The Flemish Authorities uses five provincial passenger transport models as a planning tool to sup... more The Flemish Authorities uses five provincial passenger transport models as a planning tool to support decision making on middle to large scale infrastructure projects, public transport schemes, land use plans and general mobility policy measures. The provincial models are continuously updated and currently the fourth generation is under development. This fourth generation is developed to meet a broad set of objectives and purposes: at first, the overall transport model needs improvement of all sensitivities in order to meet upcoming evaluation requirements. This includes flexible implementation of all choices on tour level with integrated destination, time and mode choice, as well as the inclusion of attributes on individual and household level explaining the global sensitivities. In this process, the dependency of observed origin-destination data from census data as a structural component of the model needs to be alleviated. Moreover, a make-over of both base and reference forecast...
Accessibility benefi ts of integrated land use and public transport policy plans in the Netherlands
Accessibility Analysis and Transport Planning, 2012
Advances in Spatial Science, 2012
This chapter presents a spatial firm demographic model (SFM) that simulates changes in states of ... more This chapter presents a spatial firm demographic model (SFM) that simulates changes in states of individual firms and their location choice behaviour. Firm location choice in such disaggregate models is characterised by large numbers of alternatives and complex spatial interdependencies among them. This chapter deals with a particular issue of firm location choice: the choice set composition in a disaggregate spatial choice context. A choice model is presented with probabilistic choice sets assuming that choice alternatives that are dominated by others are not taken into consideration in the location decision. The estimated models have significant parameters for dominance, and they are implemented in the SFM model, to test to what extent the simulation results are improved.
Firm Location and the Accessibility of Locations: Empirical Results from The Netherlands
Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2006
Transportation Research Record, 2005
This paper describes the empirical results of the estimation of discrete choice models for the lo... more This paper describes the empirical results of the estimation of discrete choice models for the location decision of moving firms in a spatial disaggregated environment. Systematic choice sets are applied to account for the choice context of each relocated firm. Each location alternative is described by a set of spatial attributes, including accessibility variables and the migration distance between the origin of the moving firm and the alternative. Firms are analyzed categorized to their mobility profile. These mobility profiles are homogeneous groups of firms with similar mobility characteristics. The models are estimated on an extensive revealed preference dataset with firm migration observations between 1988 and 1997 in the province South Holland, in The Netherlands.
Accessibility appraisal of land-use/transport policy strategies: More than just adding up travel-time savings
Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 2010
... The logsum is computed using an integrated national land-use/transport model for the Netherla... more ... The logsum is computed using an integrated national land-use/transport model for the Netherlands, which also allows examination of the effect of land-use changes resulting from transport investments on the logsum ... 2. Accessibility measures in economic appraisal. ...
civil.ist.utl.pt
This paper describes the calibration of the mode choice model in the Portuguese National Transpor... more This paper describes the calibration of the mode choice model in the Portuguese National Transport Model (PoNTraM). PoNTraM represents the supply and demand of medium and long distance travel within Portugal. The mode choice model for conventional modes is estimated on a ...
Employment Location Models: Conclusions
Advances in Spatial Science, 2012
Ersa Conference Papers, 2002
Rental levels of office floor space are determined by aspects of the buildings and aspects of the... more Rental levels of office floor space are determined by aspects of the buildings and aspects of the location. In this contribution we focus on the characteristics of locations using a large database of market-transactions. Accessibility proves to have an important impact on price levels. In particular the most expensive locations must have an excellent international accessibility by Air. Empirical results are presented.
Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board, Feb 3, 2015
Ersa Conference Papers, Sep 1, 2005
This research presents a simulation approach that models the dynamics in the firm population in i... more This research presents a simulation approach that models the dynamics in the firm population in integrated land use and transport models. The approach first of all accounts for the individual firm as the decision making unit and secondly represents the urban system with high spatial detail. This provides the opportunity to account for firm specific behaviour, allowing a large variety in responses to changes in the simulated system. Moreover the firm level simulation output provides improved possibilities to evaluate the impact of spatial scenarios. The presented firm demographic approach models transitions in the state of individual firms by simulating events such as firm migration, firm growth or firm formation and dissolution. This firm demographic model will be linked to an urban transport model in order to obtain a dynamic simulation of mobility (and accessibility) developments. It can be applied for the analysis of effects of different spatial and transport planning scenarios on the firm population and mobility. The paper describes the firm demographic model specifications, as well as the calibration of the model components.
A Population Simulator and Disaggregate Transport Demand Models for Flanders
Transportation Research Procedia, 2015
Accessibility modeling and evaluation: The TIGRIS XL land-use and transport interaction model for the Netherlands
Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 2015
ABSTRACT In current practice, transportation planning often ignores the effects of major transpor... more ABSTRACT In current practice, transportation planning often ignores the effects of major transportation improvements on land use and the distribution of land use activities, which might affect the accessibility impacts and economic efficiency of the transportation investment strategies. In this paper, we describe the model specification and application of the land use transport interaction model TIGRIS XL for the Netherlands. The TIGRIS XL land-use and transport interaction model can internationally be positioned among the recursive or quasi-dynamic land-use and transport interaction models. The National Model System, the main transport model used in Dutch national transport policy making and evaluation, is fully integrated in the modeling framework. Accessibility modeling and evaluation are disaggregated and fully consistent, which is not common in accessibility modeling research. Logsum accessibility measures estimated by the transport model are used as explanatory variables for the residential and firm location modules and as indicators in policy evaluations, expressing accessibility benefits expressed in monetary terms. Modeling results indicate that accessibility changes from transport investments in the Netherlands have a significant but modest positive influence on the location choice of residents and firms. This is probably mainly due to the spatial structure and already dense and well developed transport networks, and the large influence of national, regional and local governments on the Dutch land use markets.
Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2011
The growing general concern on limited resources (e.g. space) have led to the conviction that pol... more The growing general concern on limited resources (e.g. space) have led to the conviction that policy makers, that deal with urban development, need to consider their choices carefully, with respect to the effects on urban development on the long term. Models that describe the urban development provide quantitative insight in the effects of possible government policy and are a useful tool for policy makers. In the last decade new generation computers have drastically increased data handling capacity and graphically possibilities, allowing much more detail in spatial modeling. This has resulted in research efforts into urban models to quantify the effects of spatial policy. The research, which will be described in this paper, aims for an integrated approach to spatial modeling with special attention on the influence of transport networks and the role of the government. Main objective of the research is the development and application of an urban model to quantify the effects of planni...
WCTR2010 EstimationPTNationalModel
The Flemish Authorities uses five provincial passenger transport models as a planning tool to sup... more The Flemish Authorities uses five provincial passenger transport models as a planning tool to support decision making on middle to large scale infrastructure projects, public transport schemes, land use plans and general mobility policy measures. The provincial models are continuously updated and currently the fourth generation is under development. This fourth generation is developed to meet a broad set of objectives and purposes: at first, the overall transport model needs improvement of all sensitivities in order to meet upcoming evaluation requirements. This includes flexible implementation of all choices on tour level with integrated destination, time and mode choice, as well as the inclusion of attributes on individual and household level explaining the global sensitivities. In this process, the dependency of observed origin-destination data from census data as a structural component of the model needs to be alleviated. Moreover, a make-over of both base and reference forecast...
Accessibility benefi ts of integrated land use and public transport policy plans in the Netherlands
Accessibility Analysis and Transport Planning, 2012
Advances in Spatial Science, 2012
This chapter presents a spatial firm demographic model (SFM) that simulates changes in states of ... more This chapter presents a spatial firm demographic model (SFM) that simulates changes in states of individual firms and their location choice behaviour. Firm location choice in such disaggregate models is characterised by large numbers of alternatives and complex spatial interdependencies among them. This chapter deals with a particular issue of firm location choice: the choice set composition in a disaggregate spatial choice context. A choice model is presented with probabilistic choice sets assuming that choice alternatives that are dominated by others are not taken into consideration in the location decision. The estimated models have significant parameters for dominance, and they are implemented in the SFM model, to test to what extent the simulation results are improved.
Firm Location and the Accessibility of Locations: Empirical Results from The Netherlands
Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2006
Transportation Research Record, 2005
This paper describes the empirical results of the estimation of discrete choice models for the lo... more This paper describes the empirical results of the estimation of discrete choice models for the location decision of moving firms in a spatial disaggregated environment. Systematic choice sets are applied to account for the choice context of each relocated firm. Each location alternative is described by a set of spatial attributes, including accessibility variables and the migration distance between the origin of the moving firm and the alternative. Firms are analyzed categorized to their mobility profile. These mobility profiles are homogeneous groups of firms with similar mobility characteristics. The models are estimated on an extensive revealed preference dataset with firm migration observations between 1988 and 1997 in the province South Holland, in The Netherlands.
Accessibility appraisal of land-use/transport policy strategies: More than just adding up travel-time savings
Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 2010
... The logsum is computed using an integrated national land-use/transport model for the Netherla... more ... The logsum is computed using an integrated national land-use/transport model for the Netherlands, which also allows examination of the effect of land-use changes resulting from transport investments on the logsum ... 2. Accessibility measures in economic appraisal. ...
civil.ist.utl.pt
This paper describes the calibration of the mode choice model in the Portuguese National Transpor... more This paper describes the calibration of the mode choice model in the Portuguese National Transport Model (PoNTraM). PoNTraM represents the supply and demand of medium and long distance travel within Portugal. The mode choice model for conventional modes is estimated on a ...