Mihir Kumar Pal - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Mihir Kumar Pal
Emerald Publishing Limited eBooks, Jun 3, 2021
Emerald Publishing Limited eBooks, May 25, 2022
Emerald Publishing Limited eBooks, Feb 6, 2023
Emerald Publishing Limited eBooks, Feb 6, 2023
The Impact of Environmental Emissions and Aggregate Economic Activity on Industry: Theoretical and Empirical Perspectives
Emerald Publishing Limited eBooks, May 25, 2022
In the context of taxes-growth nexus, there is a variety of studies to find out the association b... more In the context of taxes-growth nexus, there is a variety of studies to find out the association between economic growth via GDP growth and tax rates. However, theoretical investigation on the effect of fiscal policy on economic growth is till now indecisive, rather debatable. This paper attempts to enquire into the fact econometrically whether taxation revenue collected in different forms is a cause of India’s economic growth in the long run. More specifically, the article tries to find the causal relationship between taxation revenue and economic growth in India. Long-run equilibrium relationship between economic growth and taxation can be inferred in the case of India since Johansen cointegration test confirms the existence of long run equilibrium relationship between taxation and economic growth (real GDP growth). Pair-wise granger- causality test confirms that the direction of causality between economic growth (via GDP growth) and total tax revenue, economic growth and indirect ...
Emerald Publishing Limited eBooks, Feb 6, 2023
![Research paper thumbnail of Vidyasagar University Journal of Economics Vol. VIII [2002]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/93853802/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Vidyasagar University , Midnapore , West-Bengal , India, 1991
Remarkable rise in agricultural production of West Bengal in the last two decades has now become ... more Remarkable rise in agricultural production of West Bengal in the last two decades has now become a common knowledge. Total food production !l;JS increased Sleddli.' 'lliL'e the begining of the eighties and continued to do so in the nineties as well. This has been attributed in many studies to the strategies taken by the Left Front Government through land reforms, improvement of both small and large scale irrigations, and initiative taken so that even the small and marginal farmers can avail of HYV seeds and chemical fertilisers etc. to enhance agricultural productivity. In six years between 1990-91 and 1996-97. aggregate foodgrains production in the state has increased by over 22 percent, which is much higher than most of the states of India. Besides food crop. the productivities of cash crops. such as jute and other fibers are also quite high. The cropping intensity of West Bengal is now also very high. Mukherjee and Mukherjee (1996). Chatterjee and Roy (1998) and many others have also shown that the agricultural productivity has increased in 'West Bengal in the past two decades. Mukherjee and Mukherjee (1996) have also shown that several institutional factors have played a major roll: in raising production and productivity during the post-Panchayat years. But the agricultural prosperity of West Bengal does not fully percolate down to the poor rural labour class. It is ture that the average daily wage rate of agricultural labourers in this state paid in cash and kind together was Rs. 5.60 in 1976-77 and this has risen to Rs. .W.41 in J996-97-an increase of over seven times in last twenty years. But most of the increase of money wages is.eaten away by sharp rise of the consumer price index of the agricultural labourers (CPIAL). Hence, the real wage rate has not improved so much as money wage rates. The basic motivation of the present paper is to investigate the factors apart from different institutional factors such as improvement of irrigation facilities-that are responsible for the tremendous surge in agricultural productivity of West Bengal from the point of the efficiency wage hypothesis. The bas'lc theoretical concept is taken from efficiency wage hypothesis where total output does not depend on labour hour but on labour power. Neo-classical theory tells that in any labour market the equilibrium wage is determined through the interaction between labour demand and supply where the market totally clears. As the production depends on labour hour i.e. how long a labour works. the
Environmental Sustainability, Growth Trajectory and Gender: Contemporary Issues of Developing Economies
Global Tariff War: Economic, Political and Social Implications
Total factor productivity growth (TFPG) is not only the technological progress. It is a boarder c... more Total factor productivity growth (TFPG) is not only the technological progress. It is a boarder concept. It may be the increase in the productivity of inputs, economies of scale, capacity utilization, technological progress, etc. In this study, we have tried to estimate TFPG and its components for the manufacturing industries of West Bengal and overall India, for the period 1980–1981 to 2016–2017, using stochastic frontier approach. The main data source of this study is the Annual Survey of Industries (ASI), which is published by the Central Statistical Organization, Government of India. The entire period has been sub-divided into two phases; pre-World Trade Organization (WTO) regime (1980–1981 to 1995–1996) and post-WTO regime (1995–1996 to 2016–2017). This study also tries to make a comparative analysis between the TFPG of manufacturing sector of West Bengal and all India level for the time period mentioned above. For West Bengal, TFPG has decreased for the post-WTO regime and it has increased in post-WTO regime for overall.
THE JOURNAL OF APPLIED BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS, 2010
This study attempts to measure productivity performance in terms of partial factor productivity a... more This study attempts to measure productivity performance in terms of partial factor productivity and total factor productivity growth and tries to relate and adjust economic capacity utilization with total factor productivity growth for the entire period, 1979-‘80 to 2003-‘04. The results on partial factor productivity of factors show improvement in productivity of material, labour and capital. The result on the overall productivity shows declining total factor productivity growth during post-reform period as compared to pre-reform period. Total output growth in Indian iron and steel industry is found to be mainly inputdriven rather than productivity-driven. With adjustment for variations in capacity utilization, trend in total factor productivity growth remains declining but variations among sub-periods turn-out to be larger and sharper. Furthermore, our result reveals that total factor productivity growth is more sensitive to the extent of capital-deepening of the steel sector show...
The Indian Journal of Industrial Relations, 2016
Along with technological progress, changes in technical efficiency, scale effect and changes in a... more Along with technological progress, changes in technical efficiency, scale effect and changes in allocative efficiency can also contribute to productivity growth. The present study used the stochastic frontier production approach to decompose sources of TFPG of organized manufacturing into technological progress, changes in technical efficiency, scale effect and changes in allocative efficiency during 1981/ 82-2010/11. According to the results, technical inefficiency, though exists, is time invariant and technological progress (TP) became the main contributor to TFPG of the sector during 1981/82-2010/11. Furthermore, TFPG of organized manufacturing in most states in India declined during the post-reform period due to the decline in technological progress. Introduction Most of the studies relating to productivity growth in Indian manufacturing considered technological progress to be the unique source of total factor productivity growth (TFPG) and it can be shown by the shift in produc...
In view of discussion of two crises, Asian Financial crisis, 1997 and global meltdown, 2008 sprea... more In view of discussion of two crises, Asian Financial crisis, 1997 and global meltdown, 2008 spreading over more than two decades, the objective of this article is to present econometrically whether productivity growth across countries can be a remedial measure toward tackling global recession pervaded during recent two or three decades worldwide and also to shed light on the aspect of whether productivity can truly act as a driver of growth of selected six economies like Korea Republic, Japan, India, China, USA, UK, and world economy as a whole. The panel data for the six selected countries for the period 1990–2018 were constructed keeping eyes on the 1997 Asian financial crisis and then the 2008–09 global economic crisis and a random effects model was applied after Hausman test. The empirical findings disclosed that the impacts on the growth of economies (represented by growth of GDP) from the growth rates of the manufacturing sector, labor productivity of manufacturing sector, and...
Street vendors, as a part of India’s informal sector employment, provide various types ofservices... more Street vendors, as a part of India’s informal sector employment, provide various types ofservices; though they are persecuted by the municipal authorities and the police. Bribery is theonly way most street vendors can survive in their trade. The working conditions of the hawkersare very poor and most hawkers lead a very hard life. In this paper, we are tries to analyse thefacts behind engaging in the street vending job by the vendors, coming from various part of ourcountry, in the Bidhannagar planned city of Kolkata in West Bengal. In this regard, through aprimary survey followed by a scheduled questionnaire we conduct the study. This study alsopostulates some policy measures which are essential in improving the economic as well associal benefits for the vendors as well as for the society. From our study, we found that themain cause behind the problem of Street Vendors in a planned city like Bidhannagar Town isthat the Planners did not think that the staff of different offices (Gove...
The chapter examines the sources of total factor productivity growth (TFPG) of the 2-digit manufa... more The chapter examines the sources of total factor productivity growth (TFPG) of the 2-digit manufacturing industries as well as total manufacturing industry of Gujarat during the period from 1981–82 to 2010–11, using a stochastic frontier approach. The empirical finding clearly states that although factor accumulations as well as resource allocations in most of the 2-digit manufacturing industries of the state have been improved during the postreform period, technological progress (TP) and technical efficiency change (TEC) of the same have deteriorated in most industries of the state during that period. As a result TFPG in the major manufacturing industries as well as total manufacturing industry of the state have declined because the combined effect of their improvement in scale effect (SC) and allocation efficiency effect (AEC) could not offset the declining effect of both the TP and TEC of the same during that period. In this context, the government should take some policy initiat...
The paper attempts to evaluate empirically the relationship between education expenditure and eco... more The paper attempts to evaluate empirically the relationship between education expenditure and economic growth in India using annual data over the period 1961-62 to 2009-10. The paper is based on the following hypotheses for testing the causality and co-integration between economic growth via GDP growth and educational expenditure in India as to whether there is bi-directional causality between GDP growth and education, or whether there is unidirectional causality between the two variables or whether there is no causality between GDP and education in India or whether there exists a long run relationship between GDP and education in India. Time-series econometric techniques (Granger causality and Johansen cointegration test) are applied to test the hypothesis.The cointegration test confirmed that economic growth and education expenditure are co integrated, indicating the existence of long run equilibrium relationship between the two variables-education and economic growth as confirmed...
Indian Journal of Industrial Relations: Economics & Social Dev, 2018
This paper decomposes output and productivity growth of thirteen 2-digit manufacturing industries... more This paper decomposes output and productivity growth of thirteen 2-digit manufacturing industries as well as total manufacturing industry in India during 1981-82 to 2010-11. The four attributes of output growth are input growth, adjusted scale effect, technological progress and technical efficiency growth. A stochastic frontier model with a translog production function is used to estimate the growth attributes of the manufacturing industries. The results show that input growth is the major contributor to output growth whereas total factor productivity growth (TFPG) sometimes remains inadequate even though it has a positive and significant effect on output growth. Technological progress is found to be the major contributor to TFPG and the scale effect has become important during recent years.
Arthaniti, 2017
The conventional growth accounting approach to the analysis of total factor productivity growth (... more The conventional growth accounting approach to the analysis of total factor productivity growth (TFPG) cannot distinguish between the concepts of technological progress (TP) and total factor productivity growth (TFPG) and hence under this approach the two terms are used synonymously. However, recent developments in the TFPG analysis acknowledge that along with technological progress, changes in technical efficiency, economic scale effect and allocation efficiency effect can also contribute to productivity growth. This paper attempts to decompose the sources of TFPG of the thirteen 2-digit manufacturing industries as well as total manufacturing industry in West Bengal into technological progress, changes in technical efficiency, economic scale effect and allocation efficiency effect during the period from 1981-82 to 2010-11, during the entire period, during the pre-reform period (1981-82 to 199091) and post-reform period (1991-92 to 2010-11), and also during two decades of the post-r...
Emerald Publishing Limited eBooks, Jun 3, 2021
Emerald Publishing Limited eBooks, May 25, 2022
Emerald Publishing Limited eBooks, Feb 6, 2023
Emerald Publishing Limited eBooks, Feb 6, 2023
The Impact of Environmental Emissions and Aggregate Economic Activity on Industry: Theoretical and Empirical Perspectives
Emerald Publishing Limited eBooks, May 25, 2022
In the context of taxes-growth nexus, there is a variety of studies to find out the association b... more In the context of taxes-growth nexus, there is a variety of studies to find out the association between economic growth via GDP growth and tax rates. However, theoretical investigation on the effect of fiscal policy on economic growth is till now indecisive, rather debatable. This paper attempts to enquire into the fact econometrically whether taxation revenue collected in different forms is a cause of India’s economic growth in the long run. More specifically, the article tries to find the causal relationship between taxation revenue and economic growth in India. Long-run equilibrium relationship between economic growth and taxation can be inferred in the case of India since Johansen cointegration test confirms the existence of long run equilibrium relationship between taxation and economic growth (real GDP growth). Pair-wise granger- causality test confirms that the direction of causality between economic growth (via GDP growth) and total tax revenue, economic growth and indirect ...
Emerald Publishing Limited eBooks, Feb 6, 2023
Vidyasagar University , Midnapore , West-Bengal , India, 1991
Remarkable rise in agricultural production of West Bengal in the last two decades has now become ... more Remarkable rise in agricultural production of West Bengal in the last two decades has now become a common knowledge. Total food production !l;JS increased Sleddli.' 'lliL'e the begining of the eighties and continued to do so in the nineties as well. This has been attributed in many studies to the strategies taken by the Left Front Government through land reforms, improvement of both small and large scale irrigations, and initiative taken so that even the small and marginal farmers can avail of HYV seeds and chemical fertilisers etc. to enhance agricultural productivity. In six years between 1990-91 and 1996-97. aggregate foodgrains production in the state has increased by over 22 percent, which is much higher than most of the states of India. Besides food crop. the productivities of cash crops. such as jute and other fibers are also quite high. The cropping intensity of West Bengal is now also very high. Mukherjee and Mukherjee (1996). Chatterjee and Roy (1998) and many others have also shown that the agricultural productivity has increased in 'West Bengal in the past two decades. Mukherjee and Mukherjee (1996) have also shown that several institutional factors have played a major roll: in raising production and productivity during the post-Panchayat years. But the agricultural prosperity of West Bengal does not fully percolate down to the poor rural labour class. It is ture that the average daily wage rate of agricultural labourers in this state paid in cash and kind together was Rs. 5.60 in 1976-77 and this has risen to Rs. .W.41 in J996-97-an increase of over seven times in last twenty years. But most of the increase of money wages is.eaten away by sharp rise of the consumer price index of the agricultural labourers (CPIAL). Hence, the real wage rate has not improved so much as money wage rates. The basic motivation of the present paper is to investigate the factors apart from different institutional factors such as improvement of irrigation facilities-that are responsible for the tremendous surge in agricultural productivity of West Bengal from the point of the efficiency wage hypothesis. The bas'lc theoretical concept is taken from efficiency wage hypothesis where total output does not depend on labour hour but on labour power. Neo-classical theory tells that in any labour market the equilibrium wage is determined through the interaction between labour demand and supply where the market totally clears. As the production depends on labour hour i.e. how long a labour works. the
Environmental Sustainability, Growth Trajectory and Gender: Contemporary Issues of Developing Economies
Global Tariff War: Economic, Political and Social Implications
Total factor productivity growth (TFPG) is not only the technological progress. It is a boarder c... more Total factor productivity growth (TFPG) is not only the technological progress. It is a boarder concept. It may be the increase in the productivity of inputs, economies of scale, capacity utilization, technological progress, etc. In this study, we have tried to estimate TFPG and its components for the manufacturing industries of West Bengal and overall India, for the period 1980–1981 to 2016–2017, using stochastic frontier approach. The main data source of this study is the Annual Survey of Industries (ASI), which is published by the Central Statistical Organization, Government of India. The entire period has been sub-divided into two phases; pre-World Trade Organization (WTO) regime (1980–1981 to 1995–1996) and post-WTO regime (1995–1996 to 2016–2017). This study also tries to make a comparative analysis between the TFPG of manufacturing sector of West Bengal and all India level for the time period mentioned above. For West Bengal, TFPG has decreased for the post-WTO regime and it has increased in post-WTO regime for overall.
THE JOURNAL OF APPLIED BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS, 2010
This study attempts to measure productivity performance in terms of partial factor productivity a... more This study attempts to measure productivity performance in terms of partial factor productivity and total factor productivity growth and tries to relate and adjust economic capacity utilization with total factor productivity growth for the entire period, 1979-‘80 to 2003-‘04. The results on partial factor productivity of factors show improvement in productivity of material, labour and capital. The result on the overall productivity shows declining total factor productivity growth during post-reform period as compared to pre-reform period. Total output growth in Indian iron and steel industry is found to be mainly inputdriven rather than productivity-driven. With adjustment for variations in capacity utilization, trend in total factor productivity growth remains declining but variations among sub-periods turn-out to be larger and sharper. Furthermore, our result reveals that total factor productivity growth is more sensitive to the extent of capital-deepening of the steel sector show...
The Indian Journal of Industrial Relations, 2016
Along with technological progress, changes in technical efficiency, scale effect and changes in a... more Along with technological progress, changes in technical efficiency, scale effect and changes in allocative efficiency can also contribute to productivity growth. The present study used the stochastic frontier production approach to decompose sources of TFPG of organized manufacturing into technological progress, changes in technical efficiency, scale effect and changes in allocative efficiency during 1981/ 82-2010/11. According to the results, technical inefficiency, though exists, is time invariant and technological progress (TP) became the main contributor to TFPG of the sector during 1981/82-2010/11. Furthermore, TFPG of organized manufacturing in most states in India declined during the post-reform period due to the decline in technological progress. Introduction Most of the studies relating to productivity growth in Indian manufacturing considered technological progress to be the unique source of total factor productivity growth (TFPG) and it can be shown by the shift in produc...
In view of discussion of two crises, Asian Financial crisis, 1997 and global meltdown, 2008 sprea... more In view of discussion of two crises, Asian Financial crisis, 1997 and global meltdown, 2008 spreading over more than two decades, the objective of this article is to present econometrically whether productivity growth across countries can be a remedial measure toward tackling global recession pervaded during recent two or three decades worldwide and also to shed light on the aspect of whether productivity can truly act as a driver of growth of selected six economies like Korea Republic, Japan, India, China, USA, UK, and world economy as a whole. The panel data for the six selected countries for the period 1990–2018 were constructed keeping eyes on the 1997 Asian financial crisis and then the 2008–09 global economic crisis and a random effects model was applied after Hausman test. The empirical findings disclosed that the impacts on the growth of economies (represented by growth of GDP) from the growth rates of the manufacturing sector, labor productivity of manufacturing sector, and...
Street vendors, as a part of India’s informal sector employment, provide various types ofservices... more Street vendors, as a part of India’s informal sector employment, provide various types ofservices; though they are persecuted by the municipal authorities and the police. Bribery is theonly way most street vendors can survive in their trade. The working conditions of the hawkersare very poor and most hawkers lead a very hard life. In this paper, we are tries to analyse thefacts behind engaging in the street vending job by the vendors, coming from various part of ourcountry, in the Bidhannagar planned city of Kolkata in West Bengal. In this regard, through aprimary survey followed by a scheduled questionnaire we conduct the study. This study alsopostulates some policy measures which are essential in improving the economic as well associal benefits for the vendors as well as for the society. From our study, we found that themain cause behind the problem of Street Vendors in a planned city like Bidhannagar Town isthat the Planners did not think that the staff of different offices (Gove...
The chapter examines the sources of total factor productivity growth (TFPG) of the 2-digit manufa... more The chapter examines the sources of total factor productivity growth (TFPG) of the 2-digit manufacturing industries as well as total manufacturing industry of Gujarat during the period from 1981–82 to 2010–11, using a stochastic frontier approach. The empirical finding clearly states that although factor accumulations as well as resource allocations in most of the 2-digit manufacturing industries of the state have been improved during the postreform period, technological progress (TP) and technical efficiency change (TEC) of the same have deteriorated in most industries of the state during that period. As a result TFPG in the major manufacturing industries as well as total manufacturing industry of the state have declined because the combined effect of their improvement in scale effect (SC) and allocation efficiency effect (AEC) could not offset the declining effect of both the TP and TEC of the same during that period. In this context, the government should take some policy initiat...
The paper attempts to evaluate empirically the relationship between education expenditure and eco... more The paper attempts to evaluate empirically the relationship between education expenditure and economic growth in India using annual data over the period 1961-62 to 2009-10. The paper is based on the following hypotheses for testing the causality and co-integration between economic growth via GDP growth and educational expenditure in India as to whether there is bi-directional causality between GDP growth and education, or whether there is unidirectional causality between the two variables or whether there is no causality between GDP and education in India or whether there exists a long run relationship between GDP and education in India. Time-series econometric techniques (Granger causality and Johansen cointegration test) are applied to test the hypothesis.The cointegration test confirmed that economic growth and education expenditure are co integrated, indicating the existence of long run equilibrium relationship between the two variables-education and economic growth as confirmed...
Indian Journal of Industrial Relations: Economics & Social Dev, 2018
This paper decomposes output and productivity growth of thirteen 2-digit manufacturing industries... more This paper decomposes output and productivity growth of thirteen 2-digit manufacturing industries as well as total manufacturing industry in India during 1981-82 to 2010-11. The four attributes of output growth are input growth, adjusted scale effect, technological progress and technical efficiency growth. A stochastic frontier model with a translog production function is used to estimate the growth attributes of the manufacturing industries. The results show that input growth is the major contributor to output growth whereas total factor productivity growth (TFPG) sometimes remains inadequate even though it has a positive and significant effect on output growth. Technological progress is found to be the major contributor to TFPG and the scale effect has become important during recent years.
Arthaniti, 2017
The conventional growth accounting approach to the analysis of total factor productivity growth (... more The conventional growth accounting approach to the analysis of total factor productivity growth (TFPG) cannot distinguish between the concepts of technological progress (TP) and total factor productivity growth (TFPG) and hence under this approach the two terms are used synonymously. However, recent developments in the TFPG analysis acknowledge that along with technological progress, changes in technical efficiency, economic scale effect and allocation efficiency effect can also contribute to productivity growth. This paper attempts to decompose the sources of TFPG of the thirteen 2-digit manufacturing industries as well as total manufacturing industry in West Bengal into technological progress, changes in technical efficiency, economic scale effect and allocation efficiency effect during the period from 1981-82 to 2010-11, during the entire period, during the pre-reform period (1981-82 to 199091) and post-reform period (1991-92 to 2010-11), and also during two decades of the post-r...