Mike Hamasaki - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Mike Hamasaki

Advances in Physiology Education, Feb 29, 2024

Education for health, 2021

InTech eBooks, Aug 23, 2017

Sepsis is a complex condition that is initiated by infection. The incidence of sepsis and its sev... more Sepsis is a complex condition that is initiated by infection. The incidence of sepsis and its severity are higher at an older age (mean age of approximately 65 years). Clinical manifestations of sepsis are derived from systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Age-related defects in immunity are shown by changes in cellular and humoral immunity. Recent studies have shown significant changes in the innate response (e.g., changes in toll-like receptor expression, abnormal activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases, and production of reactive oxygen species) in older people. Transcriptomic analysis on a large scale has provided interesting information showing that specific groups of patients actually have singular profiles for inflammatory responses. Findings from our research group have identified major molecular pathways that are particularly affected in older people during sepsis. Oxidative phosphorylation pathways and mitochondrial dysfunction are altered the most in older people with sepsis compared with younger patients with sepsis. These pathways might have a pivotal role in worsening clinical outcomes compared with younger people with sepsis. The mechanisms leading to specific dysfunction of several signaling pathways in the immune response of older people are complex and appear to involve multiple factors, including environmental factors, microRNAs, and epigenetic changes.

Arquivos Brasileiros De Endocrinologia E Metabologia, Oct 1, 2012

Análise da expressão do mRNA da proteína S100β em adipócitos de pacientes com diabetes melito tip... more Análise da expressão do mRNA da proteína S100β em adipócitos de pacientes com diabetes melito tipo 2 Analysis of the mRNA expression of the S100β protein in adipocytes of patients with diabetes mellitus, type 2

NeuroReport

The aim of this study was to investigate the temporal variations of S100β in the hippocampus, cer... more The aim of this study was to investigate the temporal variations of S100β in the hippocampus, cerebellum and cerebral cortex of neonatal rats (Wistar strain) under anoxic conditions. Real-time PCR and western blotting techniques were used for gene expression and protein analysis. Animals were divided into two groups, a control group and an anoxic group, and further separated at different time points for analysis. After anoxia, S100β gene expression showed a significant peak in the hippocampus and cerebellum after 2 h, followed by a decline compared to the control group at other time points. The increased gene expression in these regions was also accompanied by an increase in S100β protein levels in the anoxia group, observable 4 h after injury. In contrast, S100β mRNA content in the cerebral cortex never exceeded control values at any time point. Similarly, the protein content of S100β in the cerebral cortex did not show statistically significant differences compared to control anim...

Sepsis is a complex condition that is initiated by infection. The incidence of sepsis and its sev... more Sepsis is a complex condition that is initiated by infection. The incidence of sepsis and its severity are higher at an older age (mean age of approximately 65 years). Clinical manifestations of sepsis are derived from systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Age‐related defects in immunity are shown by changes in cellular and humoral immu‐ nity. Recent studies have shown significant changes in the innate response (e.g., changes in toll‐like receptor expression, abnormal activation of mitogen‐activated protein kinases, and production of reactive oxygen species) in older people. Transcriptomic analysis on a large scale has provided interesting information showing that specific groups of patients actually have singular profiles for inflammatory responses. Findings from our research group have identified major molecular pathways that are particularly affected in older people during sepsis. Oxidative phosphorylation pathways and mitochondrial dysfunc‐ tion are altered the most in older ...

Journal of neuroscience research, Jan 16, 2017

The term "neuroinflammation" has been widely used to describe a series of acute or chro... more The term "neuroinflammation" has been widely used to describe a series of acute or chronic conditions that cause inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS). Neurological damage can be a consequence of direct local injury or, secondary, of systemic or even distant inflammatory processes. In this respect, animal models have been developed to better understand the pathophysiology and, possibly, to evaluate more effective methods of treatment for these disorders. Animal models that promote alterations in blood-brain barrier permeability-the activation of microglia or astrocytes, modifications in neuropeptide expression, oxidative stress, increased apoptosis, release of inflammatory mediators, leukocyte infiltration, and brain edema-are likely to involve neuroinflammation and therefore can serve as useful models for human inflammatory CNS injury. This review describes the major animal models of neuroinflammation triggered by systemic or distant inflammatory processes. We ...

Journal of Neuroimmunology, 2016

Delirium, or acute confusional state, is a common manifestation in diseases that originate outsid... more Delirium, or acute confusional state, is a common manifestation in diseases that originate outside the central nervous system, affecting 30-40% of elderly hospitalized patients and up to 80% of the critically ill, even though it remains unclear if severe systemic inflammation is able or not to induce cellular disturbances and immune activation in the brain. Neuropeptides are pleotropic molecules heterogeneously distributed throughout the brain and possess a wide spectrum of functions, including regulation of the inflammatory response, so we hypothesized that they would be the major alarm system in the brain before overt microglia activation. In order to investigate this hypothesis, we induced acute pancreatitis in 8-10week old rats and collected brain tissue, 12 and 24h following pancreatic injury, to measure neuropeptide and cytokine tissue levels. We found significantly higher levels of β-endorphin, orexin and oxytocin in the brain of rats submitted to pancreatic injury, when compared to healthy controls. Interestingly, these differences were not associated with increased local cytokine levels, putting in evidence that neuropeptide release occurred independently of microglia activation and may be a pivotal alarm system to initiate neurologic reactions to distant inflammatory non-infectious aggression.

Experimental Gerontology, 2014

Acute pancreatitis is a life-threatening situation, frequently associated with uncontrolled local... more Acute pancreatitis is a life-threatening situation, frequently associated with uncontrolled local and systemic inflammation, and aging is associated with a worst prognosis. Antimicrobial peptides are ancient molecules that belong to innate immunity, produced by epithelial and immune cells, and are able to trigger a myriad of effector responses. We have hypothesized that antimicrobial peptides could play an important role during serious pancreatic injury. To investigate our hypothesis, α-defensin-5, α-defensin-7 and CRAMP gene expression levels were measured in the intestinal tissue of old and young rats submitted to chemical pancreatic damage. We found significantly higher levels of α-defensin-5 and α-defensin-7, but not CRAMP, in the samples from old mice. This increase was not associated with a worse systemic inflammatory response. We conclude that αdefensins may have a pivotal role during acute pancreatitis and that the elderly develops a more severe local, but not systemic inflammatory process.

Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia, 2012

OBJETIVO: O presente trabalho objetiva compreender a possível relação do nível de expressão gênic... more OBJETIVO: O presente trabalho objetiva compreender a possível relação do nível de expressão gênica do mRNA da proteína S100β em adipócitos com o diabetes melito do tipo 2, pela comparação de dados de portadores dessa doença com os de indivíduos normoglicêmicos. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foram selecionadas amostras de tecido adiposo de oito pacientes da Seção de Coronárias do Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia (IDPC), sendo quatro do grupo diabetes e quatro do grupo de normoglicêmicos. Essas amostras foram submetidas à técnica de RT-PCR em tempo real. RESULTADOS: Por meio do Test-t de Student para os valores de diferença entre os ciclos threshold (ΔCt), observou-se que houve aumento de aproximadamente 15 vezes (p = 0,015) da expressão do mRNA da proteína S100β nos adipócitos dos indivíduos do grupo diabetes quando comparado aos do grupo controle. CONCLUSÃO: Nossos resultados evidenciam, de forma inédita, coexistência entre o aumento da expressão do gene S100β e a patologia do diabet...

IntechOpen eBooks, Jun 24, 2020

A 2016 task force convened by multiple societies proposed a new definition of sepsis, termed Seps... more A 2016 task force convened by multiple societies proposed a new definition of sepsis, termed Sepsis 3. The new clinical diagnosis of sepsis is based on variation points in the Sequential (Sepsis-related) Organ Assessment Score (SOFA) and excluded Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) as a criterion for defining the diagnosis. Although the new definitions have provided improvements in understanding the disease, the main concern generated by Sepsis 3 is the reduced sensitivity to detect cases that might have an unfavorable course, mainly in early conditions. By limiting the diagnosis to organic dysfunction, the new concept tends to select a more severely ill population. In this way, biomarkers to diagnose sepsis may allow early intervention, which can reduce the risk of death. Although lactate is currently the most commonly used biomarker to identify sepsis, other biomarkers may help to enhance lactate's effectiveness and may be used as a tool for staging the disease, prognosis, and response to intervention. The objective of this chapter is to present possible new biomarkers that are clinically relevant.

Clinical Management of Shock - The Science and Art of Physiological Restoration, 2019

A 2016 task force convened by multiple societies proposed a new definition of sepsis, termed Seps... more A 2016 task force convened by multiple societies proposed a new definition of sepsis, termed Sepsis 3. The new clinical diagnosis of sepsis is based on variation points in the Sequential (Sepsis-related) Organ Assessment Score (SOFA) and excluded Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) as a criterion for defining the diagnosis. Although the new definitions have provided improvements in understanding the disease, the main concern generated by Sepsis 3 is the reduced sensitivity to detect cases that might have an unfavorable course, mainly in early conditions. By limiting the diagnosis to organic dysfunction, the new concept tends to select a more severely ill population. In this way, biomarkers to diagnose sepsis may allow early intervention, which can reduce the risk of death. Although lactate is currently the most commonly used biomarker to identify sepsis, other biomarkers may help to enhance lactate's effectiveness and may be used as a tool for staging the disease, prognosis, and response to intervention. The objective of this chapter is to present possible new biomarkers that are clinically relevant.

Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva, 2014

Advances in Physiology Education, Feb 29, 2024

Education for health, 2021

InTech eBooks, Aug 23, 2017

Sepsis is a complex condition that is initiated by infection. The incidence of sepsis and its sev... more Sepsis is a complex condition that is initiated by infection. The incidence of sepsis and its severity are higher at an older age (mean age of approximately 65 years). Clinical manifestations of sepsis are derived from systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Age-related defects in immunity are shown by changes in cellular and humoral immunity. Recent studies have shown significant changes in the innate response (e.g., changes in toll-like receptor expression, abnormal activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases, and production of reactive oxygen species) in older people. Transcriptomic analysis on a large scale has provided interesting information showing that specific groups of patients actually have singular profiles for inflammatory responses. Findings from our research group have identified major molecular pathways that are particularly affected in older people during sepsis. Oxidative phosphorylation pathways and mitochondrial dysfunction are altered the most in older people with sepsis compared with younger patients with sepsis. These pathways might have a pivotal role in worsening clinical outcomes compared with younger people with sepsis. The mechanisms leading to specific dysfunction of several signaling pathways in the immune response of older people are complex and appear to involve multiple factors, including environmental factors, microRNAs, and epigenetic changes.

Arquivos Brasileiros De Endocrinologia E Metabologia, Oct 1, 2012

Análise da expressão do mRNA da proteína S100β em adipócitos de pacientes com diabetes melito tip... more Análise da expressão do mRNA da proteína S100β em adipócitos de pacientes com diabetes melito tipo 2 Analysis of the mRNA expression of the S100β protein in adipocytes of patients with diabetes mellitus, type 2

NeuroReport

The aim of this study was to investigate the temporal variations of S100β in the hippocampus, cer... more The aim of this study was to investigate the temporal variations of S100β in the hippocampus, cerebellum and cerebral cortex of neonatal rats (Wistar strain) under anoxic conditions. Real-time PCR and western blotting techniques were used for gene expression and protein analysis. Animals were divided into two groups, a control group and an anoxic group, and further separated at different time points for analysis. After anoxia, S100β gene expression showed a significant peak in the hippocampus and cerebellum after 2 h, followed by a decline compared to the control group at other time points. The increased gene expression in these regions was also accompanied by an increase in S100β protein levels in the anoxia group, observable 4 h after injury. In contrast, S100β mRNA content in the cerebral cortex never exceeded control values at any time point. Similarly, the protein content of S100β in the cerebral cortex did not show statistically significant differences compared to control anim...

Sepsis is a complex condition that is initiated by infection. The incidence of sepsis and its sev... more Sepsis is a complex condition that is initiated by infection. The incidence of sepsis and its severity are higher at an older age (mean age of approximately 65 years). Clinical manifestations of sepsis are derived from systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Age‐related defects in immunity are shown by changes in cellular and humoral immu‐ nity. Recent studies have shown significant changes in the innate response (e.g., changes in toll‐like receptor expression, abnormal activation of mitogen‐activated protein kinases, and production of reactive oxygen species) in older people. Transcriptomic analysis on a large scale has provided interesting information showing that specific groups of patients actually have singular profiles for inflammatory responses. Findings from our research group have identified major molecular pathways that are particularly affected in older people during sepsis. Oxidative phosphorylation pathways and mitochondrial dysfunc‐ tion are altered the most in older ...

Journal of neuroscience research, Jan 16, 2017

The term "neuroinflammation" has been widely used to describe a series of acute or chro... more The term "neuroinflammation" has been widely used to describe a series of acute or chronic conditions that cause inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS). Neurological damage can be a consequence of direct local injury or, secondary, of systemic or even distant inflammatory processes. In this respect, animal models have been developed to better understand the pathophysiology and, possibly, to evaluate more effective methods of treatment for these disorders. Animal models that promote alterations in blood-brain barrier permeability-the activation of microglia or astrocytes, modifications in neuropeptide expression, oxidative stress, increased apoptosis, release of inflammatory mediators, leukocyte infiltration, and brain edema-are likely to involve neuroinflammation and therefore can serve as useful models for human inflammatory CNS injury. This review describes the major animal models of neuroinflammation triggered by systemic or distant inflammatory processes. We ...

Journal of Neuroimmunology, 2016

Delirium, or acute confusional state, is a common manifestation in diseases that originate outsid... more Delirium, or acute confusional state, is a common manifestation in diseases that originate outside the central nervous system, affecting 30-40% of elderly hospitalized patients and up to 80% of the critically ill, even though it remains unclear if severe systemic inflammation is able or not to induce cellular disturbances and immune activation in the brain. Neuropeptides are pleotropic molecules heterogeneously distributed throughout the brain and possess a wide spectrum of functions, including regulation of the inflammatory response, so we hypothesized that they would be the major alarm system in the brain before overt microglia activation. In order to investigate this hypothesis, we induced acute pancreatitis in 8-10week old rats and collected brain tissue, 12 and 24h following pancreatic injury, to measure neuropeptide and cytokine tissue levels. We found significantly higher levels of β-endorphin, orexin and oxytocin in the brain of rats submitted to pancreatic injury, when compared to healthy controls. Interestingly, these differences were not associated with increased local cytokine levels, putting in evidence that neuropeptide release occurred independently of microglia activation and may be a pivotal alarm system to initiate neurologic reactions to distant inflammatory non-infectious aggression.

Experimental Gerontology, 2014

Acute pancreatitis is a life-threatening situation, frequently associated with uncontrolled local... more Acute pancreatitis is a life-threatening situation, frequently associated with uncontrolled local and systemic inflammation, and aging is associated with a worst prognosis. Antimicrobial peptides are ancient molecules that belong to innate immunity, produced by epithelial and immune cells, and are able to trigger a myriad of effector responses. We have hypothesized that antimicrobial peptides could play an important role during serious pancreatic injury. To investigate our hypothesis, α-defensin-5, α-defensin-7 and CRAMP gene expression levels were measured in the intestinal tissue of old and young rats submitted to chemical pancreatic damage. We found significantly higher levels of α-defensin-5 and α-defensin-7, but not CRAMP, in the samples from old mice. This increase was not associated with a worse systemic inflammatory response. We conclude that αdefensins may have a pivotal role during acute pancreatitis and that the elderly develops a more severe local, but not systemic inflammatory process.

Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia, 2012

OBJETIVO: O presente trabalho objetiva compreender a possível relação do nível de expressão gênic... more OBJETIVO: O presente trabalho objetiva compreender a possível relação do nível de expressão gênica do mRNA da proteína S100β em adipócitos com o diabetes melito do tipo 2, pela comparação de dados de portadores dessa doença com os de indivíduos normoglicêmicos. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foram selecionadas amostras de tecido adiposo de oito pacientes da Seção de Coronárias do Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia (IDPC), sendo quatro do grupo diabetes e quatro do grupo de normoglicêmicos. Essas amostras foram submetidas à técnica de RT-PCR em tempo real. RESULTADOS: Por meio do Test-t de Student para os valores de diferença entre os ciclos threshold (ΔCt), observou-se que houve aumento de aproximadamente 15 vezes (p = 0,015) da expressão do mRNA da proteína S100β nos adipócitos dos indivíduos do grupo diabetes quando comparado aos do grupo controle. CONCLUSÃO: Nossos resultados evidenciam, de forma inédita, coexistência entre o aumento da expressão do gene S100β e a patologia do diabet...

IntechOpen eBooks, Jun 24, 2020

A 2016 task force convened by multiple societies proposed a new definition of sepsis, termed Seps... more A 2016 task force convened by multiple societies proposed a new definition of sepsis, termed Sepsis 3. The new clinical diagnosis of sepsis is based on variation points in the Sequential (Sepsis-related) Organ Assessment Score (SOFA) and excluded Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) as a criterion for defining the diagnosis. Although the new definitions have provided improvements in understanding the disease, the main concern generated by Sepsis 3 is the reduced sensitivity to detect cases that might have an unfavorable course, mainly in early conditions. By limiting the diagnosis to organic dysfunction, the new concept tends to select a more severely ill population. In this way, biomarkers to diagnose sepsis may allow early intervention, which can reduce the risk of death. Although lactate is currently the most commonly used biomarker to identify sepsis, other biomarkers may help to enhance lactate's effectiveness and may be used as a tool for staging the disease, prognosis, and response to intervention. The objective of this chapter is to present possible new biomarkers that are clinically relevant.

Clinical Management of Shock - The Science and Art of Physiological Restoration, 2019

A 2016 task force convened by multiple societies proposed a new definition of sepsis, termed Seps... more A 2016 task force convened by multiple societies proposed a new definition of sepsis, termed Sepsis 3. The new clinical diagnosis of sepsis is based on variation points in the Sequential (Sepsis-related) Organ Assessment Score (SOFA) and excluded Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) as a criterion for defining the diagnosis. Although the new definitions have provided improvements in understanding the disease, the main concern generated by Sepsis 3 is the reduced sensitivity to detect cases that might have an unfavorable course, mainly in early conditions. By limiting the diagnosis to organic dysfunction, the new concept tends to select a more severely ill population. In this way, biomarkers to diagnose sepsis may allow early intervention, which can reduce the risk of death. Although lactate is currently the most commonly used biomarker to identify sepsis, other biomarkers may help to enhance lactate's effectiveness and may be used as a tool for staging the disease, prognosis, and response to intervention. The objective of this chapter is to present possible new biomarkers that are clinically relevant.

Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva, 2014