Miloslav Hronek - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Miloslav Hronek

Research paper thumbnail of Prediction of nutritive intake energy and substrates of Czech pregnant women

Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.)

Equations linking nutritional intake of energy and substrates (NIES) to anthropometry during preg... more Equations linking nutritional intake of energy and substrates (NIES) to anthropometry during pregnancy are currently unknown. The aim of this longitudinal study was to determine the predictive equations for NIES as an expression of dietary patterns. In total, 152 randomly recruited healthy pregnant Czech women (non-smokers, non-users of long-term medications or abusers of alcohol or drugs, normoglycemic, euthyroid, and non-anemic) were divided into two cohorts: group 1 (n = 31) was used for the determination of equations for NIES during pregnancy, and group 2 (n = 121) for cross-validation of these equations. In both study groups, anthropometry was measured and resting energy expenditure obtained by indirect calorimetry after 12 h of fasting during four phases of pregnancy. NIES was evaluated from self-reported dietary intake records over 7 d. Strong relations were found between NIES and anthropometric parameters, especially the difference between pregnancy body weight and ideal bod...

Research paper thumbnail of Present state of evaluating malnutrition in the elderly - analysing indicators

Biomedical Papers, 2006

Objectives: Malnutrition in old age is a significant problem. The study presents a survey of the ... more Objectives: Malnutrition in old age is a significant problem. The study presents a survey of the basic methods used in the diagnosis of malnutrition in the elderly such as nutritional anamnesis, anthropometrical, laboratory a functional examinations and indicating specific differences as compared with a younger population.

Research paper thumbnail of Skinfold anthropometry--the accurate method for fat free mass measurement in COPD

COPD, 2013

Fat free mass index (FFMI) is an independent predictor of metabolic and functional consequences i... more Fat free mass index (FFMI) is an independent predictor of metabolic and functional consequences in COPD. For its measurement dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), skin-fold anthropometry (SFA), bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) are used in clinical practice. The aim of our pilot study was to analyse precisely and critically which method is most accurate and available for common use in clinical practice for measurement of FFM by assessment against relevant DEXA in patients with COPD. This was an observational cross-sectional study of consecutive COPD subjects. FFM by methods of SFA, two versions of BIA, and BIS was compared with that from clinically relevant DEXA in 41 outpatients (mean age 66.5 ± 7.7 yrs) with stable COPD, 34 men and 7 women, with mean BMI 28.2 ± 6.1 kg.m(-2). All methods underestimate FFM in comparison with DEXA. In the general evaluation non-significant differences with the smallest mean bias were demonstrated for SFA (1...

Research paper thumbnail of Serum lipids and neopterin in urine as new biomarkers of malnutrition and inflammation in the elderly

Nutrition, 2009

Objective: Levels of serum lipids are influenced by malnutrition and inflammation. The study aime... more Objective: Levels of serum lipids are influenced by malnutrition and inflammation. The study aimed to find the relation of the lipidogram to positive and negative markers of inflammation in geriatric patients. Attention was paid to neopterin in urine as a non-protein positive bioindicator of inflammation. Methods: It was a local, monocentric, prospective clinical study in hospitalized patients older than 80 y. The study included 101 patients (54 women, 47 men). The average age of the entire group was 85.37 Ϯ 4.88 y. The dependence of the values of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triacylglycerols (TAGs) on C-reactive protein (CRP), neopterin in urine, and prealbumin was examined. Results: When we compared CRP and serum lipids, we found a statistically significant negative correlation between levels of CRP and total cholesterol (P Ͻ 0.05), HDL (P Ͻ 0.01), and LDL (P Ͻ 0.05). Also the level of neopterin in urine was negatively correlated with levels of total cholesterol (P Ͻ 0.05) and HDL (P Ͻ 0.01). A statistically highly significant interaction was demonstrated between levels of prealbumin and total cholesterol (P Ͻ 0.001), HDL (P Ͻ 0.001), LDL (P Ͻ 0.001), and TAG (P Ͻ 0.05). Conclusion: A significant negative correlation between levels of inflammation markers (neopterin in urine, CRP) and total cholesterol and HDL was found. LDL was influenced to a lesser extent. A close relation between serum lipids and prealbumin was also demonstrated. Total cholesterol, HDL, and LDL can be considered novel biomarkers of malnutrition and inflammation in geriatric patients.

Research paper thumbnail of The association between specific nutritional antioxidants and manifestation of colorectal cancer

Nutrition, 2000

Determination of specific antioxidants for examination of oxidative balance and immune responses ... more Determination of specific antioxidants for examination of oxidative balance and immune responses may be of value in the early diagnosis of colorectal cancer. In the present report, we investigated urinary excretion of zinc, copper, and neopterin and serum levels of vitamins A, C, and E in 30 patients (age = 64 +/- 12 y) with colorectal cancer at the time of diagnosis and in 30 control subjects (age = 61 +/- 11 y) with benign disorders not associated with a systemic inflammatory response. Urinary excretion of zinc, copper, and neopterin was significantly elevated, and serum concentration of vitamin A was decreased in patients with colorectal cancer; these changes are characteristics of systemic immune activation. These phenomena may be of use for the detection of tumor progression and immune response to neoplasm.

Research paper thumbnail of Anthropometric measured fat-free mass as essential determinant of resting energy expenditure for pregnant and non-pregnant women

Nutrition, 2011

Objective: There is conflicting evidence as to whether anthropometric parameters are related to r... more Objective: There is conflicting evidence as to whether anthropometric parameters are related to resting energy expenditure (REE) during pregnancy. The aim of this prospective longitudinal study was to precisely assess a major anthropometric determinant of REE for pregnant and non-pregnant women with verification of its use as a possible predictor. Methods: One hundred fifty-two randomly recruited, healthy, pregnant Czech women were divided into groups G1 and G2. G1 (n ¼ 31) was used for determination of the association between anthropometric parameters and REE. G2 (n ¼ 121) and a group of non-pregnant women (G0; n ¼ 24) were used for verification that observed relations were suitable for the prediction of REE during pregnancy. The women in the study groups were measured during four periods of pregnancy for REE by indirect calorimetry and anthropometric parameters after 12 h of fasting. Results: Associations were found in all groups between measured REE by indirect calorimetry and anthropometric parameters such as weight, fat mass, fat-free mass (FFM), body surface area, and body mass index (P < 0.0001). The best derived predictor, REE/FFM (29.5 kcal/kg, r ¼ 0.70, P < 0.0001), in group G1 was statistically verified in group G2 and compared with G0. Conclusion: Anthropometrically measured FFM with its metabolically active components is an essential determinant of REE in pregnancy. REE/FFM can be used for the prediction of REE in pregnant and non-pregnant woman.

Research paper thumbnail of New equation for the prediction of resting energy expenditure during pregnancy

Nutrition, 2009

Objective: The equation for the prediction of resting energy expenditure (REE) during pregnancy i... more Objective: The equation for the prediction of resting energy expenditure (REE) during pregnancy is unknown. The aim of this prospective longitudinal study was to determine a new equation for prediction of REE in pregnancy. Methods: A total of 152 randomly recruited healthy pregnant Czech women (nonsmokers, not users of chronic medications or abusers of alcohol or drugs, normoglycemic, euthyroid, and not anemic) were divided into two cohorts: group 1 (n ¼ 31) was used for determination of the equation for calculation of pregnant REE and group 2 (n ¼ 121) for cross-validation of this formula. The REE of the pregnant women in both study groups was examined by indirect calorimetry (REE-IC) along with anthropometry after 12 h of fasting in four periods of pregnancy. A statistical comparison of three basic equations (Harris Benedict, Schofield, and Kleiber) was used for the prediction of REE. Results: Through correlation analysis and linear regression, a new predictive equation of REE during pregnancy (P REE) was derived from the Harris Benedict equation. We observed high concordance between values from P REE and REE-IC in group 2. Analysis of alternative predictive equations of REE with the addition of kilocalories and a corrected multiplication factor for each stage of pregnancy expressed low concordance. Conclusions: The equation for REE in kilocalories during pregnancy, P REE ¼ 346.43943 þ 13.962564 3 W þ 2.700416 3 H À 6.826376 3 A (W, weight; H, height; A, age), with SD 116 kcal/d, corresponds closely to REE-IC and maternal changes in each phase of pregnancy. P REE can be applied for prediction of REE during gestation. Ó

Research paper thumbnail of Clinically relevant determinants of body composition, function and nutritional status as mortality predictors in lung cancer patients

Lung Cancer, 2014

Lung cancer belongs to the type of tumors with a relatively high frequency of malnutrition, sarco... more Lung cancer belongs to the type of tumors with a relatively high frequency of malnutrition, sarcopenia and cachexia, severe metabolic syndromes related to impairment of physical function and quality of life, resistance to therapy and short survival. Inexpensive and accessible methods of evaluating changes in body composition, physical function and nutrition status are for this reason of great importance for clinical practice to enable the early identification, monitoring, preventing and treatment of these nutritional deficiencies. This could lead to improved outcomes in the quality of life, physical performance and survival of patients with lung cancer. The aim of this article is to summarize the recent knowledge for the use of such methods, their predictability for patient outcomes and an association with other clinically relevant parameters, specifically with lung cancer patients, because such an article collectively describing their practical application in clinical practice is lacking. The interest of this article is in the use of anthropometry, handgrip dynamometry, bioelectrical impedance analysis derived phase angle and nutritional screening questionnaires in lung cancer patients.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of some acetylcholinesterase reactivators on human platelet aggregationin vitro

Journal of Applied Toxicology, 2006

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactivators are employed for the prophylaxis and treatment of intoxi... more Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactivators are employed for the prophylaxis and treatment of intoxications with organophosphorus AChE inhibitors, including nerve agents and pesticides. For the recovery of inhibited enzyme, derivatives from the group of pyridinium or bispyridinium aldoximes (called oximes) are used. Adverse effects of these substances are not well elucidated, because of their narrow and one-shot usage. Owing to this fact, the study evaluated the influence of some currently applied oximes on human platelet aggregation in vitro. The antiplatelet activity of pralidoxime, obidoxime, HI-6, methoxime and HLö 7 was assayed in human platelet rich plasma (2.5 × 10 8 platelets·ml −1 ) at a concentration of 1.35 mM. Arachidonic acid (AA), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), collagen (COL) and thrombin (TR) were used as agonists of platelet aggregation. All tested substances, except pralidoxime and methoxime, caused a significant inhibition of the aggregation process induced by AA, ADP and COL. Of the oximes assayed, none was found to influence TR triggered aggregation. Since reduced platelet aggregation can play an important role as an adverse effect in reactivator administration, further evaluation is needed for the estimation of the real impact of active oximes to the aggregation process in humans.

Research paper thumbnail of In Vitro Antiplatelet Activity of Flavonoids from Leuzea Carthamoides

Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2008

Plants and their secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, exhibit a wide range of biological ... more Plants and their secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, exhibit a wide range of biological effects. Consequently, natural substances are receiving an increased attention in medicinal research. Owing to these facts, in vitro antiplatelet activity of ethanol summary extract and four flavonoids from Leuzea carthamoides was determined in human platelet-rich plasma. Arachidonic acid (AA), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), collagen (COL), and thrombin were used as agonists of platelet aggregation. The summary extract showed a significant inhibition of the aggregation induced by COL and ADP. Of the tested flavonoids, eriodictyol (1) and patuletin (2) influenced COL- and AA-induced aggregation. Their IC(50) values are presented. Flavonoid glycosides eriodictyol-7-beta-glucopyranoside (3) and 6-hydroxykaempferol-7-O-(6&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;-O-acetyl-beta-D[small cap]-glucopyranoside) (4) were found to be weak antiplatelet agents. These results confirmed the fact that glucosylation decreases the antiplatelet activity. Quantitative composition of tested flavonoids in L. carthamoides extract was also determined. Though two of the tested flavonoids inhibited platelet aggregation, further evaluation of L. carthamoides, in order to discover other antiplatelet active compounds and possible adverse health effects, is needed.

Research paper thumbnail of PP185-MON PREDICTORS OF RESTING ENERGY EXPENDITURE DURING PREGNANCY AND IN NON-PREGNANT STATE

Clinical Nutrition Supplements, 2011

Research paper thumbnail of PP213 DETERMINATION OF PLASMATIC LEVELS OF VITAMIN A, E, C, B12 AND FOLIC ACID IN EACH STAGE OF COLORECTAL CANCER

Clinical Nutrition Supplements, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of PP131 FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF HUMAN MILK OF MOTHERS FROM THE CZECH REPUBLIC

Clinical Nutrition Supplements, 2010

The biological value of proteins is the decisive factor in the effect of supplemented proteins on... more The biological value of proteins is the decisive factor in the effect of supplemented proteins on nitrogen balance. Amaranth is considered acceptable for the gluten-free diet. The protein content of Amaranth grain is higher compared to common grains apart from soybeans. The purpose of the study was to prepare a protein with high biological value from the plant (amaranth) and compare it with casein. We observed effect on the growth and nitrogen metabolism of rats. Methods: Fourteen male Wistar rats (45 day age) were separated into 2 diet groups of 7 animals each. A mixture of amaranth protein with an autolysate of yeast diet (A-Y diet) (1:1) was tested in comparison with casein protein. Daily dietary intakes and body weight (BW) of the rats were investigated over 5 weeks. Biochemical parameters of nitrogen metabolism in blood and urine and total nitrogen in the stercus of the terminal small intestine and faeces were determined.

Research paper thumbnail of P330 NUTRITIONAL INTAKE OF MINERALS OF CZECH WOMEN DURING PREGNANCY

Clinical Nutrition Supplements, 2009

Vitamins, Antioxidants and Minerals II 163 malabsorption. This is probably associated to reduced ... more Vitamins, Antioxidants and Minerals II 163 malabsorption. This is probably associated to reduced exposure to sunlight. Additional risk factors are alcoholism and antivitamin K therapy. Adequate vitamin D supplementation is recommended.

Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms in Bronchitic and Nonbronchitic Phenotypes of COPD

CHEST Journal, 2012

ABSTRACT SESSION TYPE: COPD Posters IPRESENTED ON: Wednesday, October 24, 2012 at 01:30 PM - 02:3... more ABSTRACT SESSION TYPE: COPD Posters IPRESENTED ON: Wednesday, October 24, 2012 at 01:30 PM - 02:30 PMPURPOSE: Psychological sequelae of COPD may affect functional status independently of disease severity. Presence of depression among several phenotypes of COPD is not clearly understood. We wanted to find out the real occurrence of depression in both basic clinical phenotypes of COPD.METHODS: Multicomponent assessment of 38 consecutive patients (6 females, 66,7 ± 7,6 years) with stable COPD (GOLD groups A 1, B 21, C O, D 16) in the out-patient clinic of university hospital (within non-interventional cross-sectional Complexity of COPD Study).RESULTS: 27 patients had bronchitic and 11 subjects suffered from non-bronchitic phenotype of COPD (post- ipratropium and salbutamol FEV1 57,7%). Bronchitic variant was associated with lower level of depressive symptoms (Beck scale 5,1 ± 3 , Zung scale 50,2 ± 10,9) than that found in non-bronchitic subtype of COPD (Beck scale 8,3 ± 3,4, Zung scale 57.5 ± 7,4). Although this difference reached statistical significance only in Beck questionnaire p=0,013 (Mann Whitney test). In all other parameters (BMI, FFMI, education level, inhalation risk, 6MWD, exercise desaturation, mMRC dyspnea scale, Celli BODE, Puhan BODE, ADO, CAT, all domains of SGRQ, arterial blood gases, ECG heart rate) were no differences between these two basic phenotypes.CONCLUSIONS: Non-bronchitic phenotype of COPD was associated with more depression complaints than bronchitic scenario. This difference was not apparent in terms of life quality, prognostic indices and number of other variables describing course of COPD.CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Purposeful search for the presence of depressive symptoms is particularly important in patients with non-bronchitic phenotype of COPD.DISCLOSURE: The following authors have nothing to disclose: Vladimir Koblizek, Sarka Pracharova, Miloslav Hronek, Miroslav Kovarik, Vladimir Palicka, Ladislava Pavlikova, Kamil Klenha, Petr Celakovsky, Jan Brozik, Jana TuckovaNo Product/Research Disclosure InformationPulmonary Department, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.

Research paper thumbnail of The serum levels of calcium, magnesium, iron and zinc in patients with recurrent vulvovaginal candidosis during attack, remission and in healthy controls

Mycoses, 2005

The real cause of recurrent vulvovaginal candidosis (RVVC) is concealed and the etiopathogenesis ... more The real cause of recurrent vulvovaginal candidosis (RVVC) is concealed and the etiopathogenesis of this disease remains to be determined. In a cohort study, concentrations of metals in 44 patients with RVVC and 30 healthy age-matched women were measured and compared. The concentrations of serum calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and iron (Fe) were measured photometrically, the zinc (Zn) levels were determined using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. For statistical analysis were used the Student&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s t-tests (paired analysis for attack vs. remission; non-paired analysis for patient vs. control). Although all measured metals were within normal ranges the patients with RVVC had in contrast to the healthy controls significantly lower levels of serum Ca, Mg and Zn and insignificantly higher levels of Fe. These relative changes may contribute to the development of attacks in patients with RVVC.

Research paper thumbnail of Prediction of nutritive intake energy and substrates of Czech pregnant women

Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.)

Equations linking nutritional intake of energy and substrates (NIES) to anthropometry during preg... more Equations linking nutritional intake of energy and substrates (NIES) to anthropometry during pregnancy are currently unknown. The aim of this longitudinal study was to determine the predictive equations for NIES as an expression of dietary patterns. In total, 152 randomly recruited healthy pregnant Czech women (non-smokers, non-users of long-term medications or abusers of alcohol or drugs, normoglycemic, euthyroid, and non-anemic) were divided into two cohorts: group 1 (n = 31) was used for the determination of equations for NIES during pregnancy, and group 2 (n = 121) for cross-validation of these equations. In both study groups, anthropometry was measured and resting energy expenditure obtained by indirect calorimetry after 12 h of fasting during four phases of pregnancy. NIES was evaluated from self-reported dietary intake records over 7 d. Strong relations were found between NIES and anthropometric parameters, especially the difference between pregnancy body weight and ideal bod...

Research paper thumbnail of Present state of evaluating malnutrition in the elderly - analysing indicators

Biomedical Papers, 2006

Objectives: Malnutrition in old age is a significant problem. The study presents a survey of the ... more Objectives: Malnutrition in old age is a significant problem. The study presents a survey of the basic methods used in the diagnosis of malnutrition in the elderly such as nutritional anamnesis, anthropometrical, laboratory a functional examinations and indicating specific differences as compared with a younger population.

Research paper thumbnail of Skinfold anthropometry--the accurate method for fat free mass measurement in COPD

COPD, 2013

Fat free mass index (FFMI) is an independent predictor of metabolic and functional consequences i... more Fat free mass index (FFMI) is an independent predictor of metabolic and functional consequences in COPD. For its measurement dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), skin-fold anthropometry (SFA), bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) are used in clinical practice. The aim of our pilot study was to analyse precisely and critically which method is most accurate and available for common use in clinical practice for measurement of FFM by assessment against relevant DEXA in patients with COPD. This was an observational cross-sectional study of consecutive COPD subjects. FFM by methods of SFA, two versions of BIA, and BIS was compared with that from clinically relevant DEXA in 41 outpatients (mean age 66.5 ± 7.7 yrs) with stable COPD, 34 men and 7 women, with mean BMI 28.2 ± 6.1 kg.m(-2). All methods underestimate FFM in comparison with DEXA. In the general evaluation non-significant differences with the smallest mean bias were demonstrated for SFA (1...

Research paper thumbnail of Serum lipids and neopterin in urine as new biomarkers of malnutrition and inflammation in the elderly

Nutrition, 2009

Objective: Levels of serum lipids are influenced by malnutrition and inflammation. The study aime... more Objective: Levels of serum lipids are influenced by malnutrition and inflammation. The study aimed to find the relation of the lipidogram to positive and negative markers of inflammation in geriatric patients. Attention was paid to neopterin in urine as a non-protein positive bioindicator of inflammation. Methods: It was a local, monocentric, prospective clinical study in hospitalized patients older than 80 y. The study included 101 patients (54 women, 47 men). The average age of the entire group was 85.37 Ϯ 4.88 y. The dependence of the values of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triacylglycerols (TAGs) on C-reactive protein (CRP), neopterin in urine, and prealbumin was examined. Results: When we compared CRP and serum lipids, we found a statistically significant negative correlation between levels of CRP and total cholesterol (P Ͻ 0.05), HDL (P Ͻ 0.01), and LDL (P Ͻ 0.05). Also the level of neopterin in urine was negatively correlated with levels of total cholesterol (P Ͻ 0.05) and HDL (P Ͻ 0.01). A statistically highly significant interaction was demonstrated between levels of prealbumin and total cholesterol (P Ͻ 0.001), HDL (P Ͻ 0.001), LDL (P Ͻ 0.001), and TAG (P Ͻ 0.05). Conclusion: A significant negative correlation between levels of inflammation markers (neopterin in urine, CRP) and total cholesterol and HDL was found. LDL was influenced to a lesser extent. A close relation between serum lipids and prealbumin was also demonstrated. Total cholesterol, HDL, and LDL can be considered novel biomarkers of malnutrition and inflammation in geriatric patients.

Research paper thumbnail of The association between specific nutritional antioxidants and manifestation of colorectal cancer

Nutrition, 2000

Determination of specific antioxidants for examination of oxidative balance and immune responses ... more Determination of specific antioxidants for examination of oxidative balance and immune responses may be of value in the early diagnosis of colorectal cancer. In the present report, we investigated urinary excretion of zinc, copper, and neopterin and serum levels of vitamins A, C, and E in 30 patients (age = 64 +/- 12 y) with colorectal cancer at the time of diagnosis and in 30 control subjects (age = 61 +/- 11 y) with benign disorders not associated with a systemic inflammatory response. Urinary excretion of zinc, copper, and neopterin was significantly elevated, and serum concentration of vitamin A was decreased in patients with colorectal cancer; these changes are characteristics of systemic immune activation. These phenomena may be of use for the detection of tumor progression and immune response to neoplasm.

Research paper thumbnail of Anthropometric measured fat-free mass as essential determinant of resting energy expenditure for pregnant and non-pregnant women

Nutrition, 2011

Objective: There is conflicting evidence as to whether anthropometric parameters are related to r... more Objective: There is conflicting evidence as to whether anthropometric parameters are related to resting energy expenditure (REE) during pregnancy. The aim of this prospective longitudinal study was to precisely assess a major anthropometric determinant of REE for pregnant and non-pregnant women with verification of its use as a possible predictor. Methods: One hundred fifty-two randomly recruited, healthy, pregnant Czech women were divided into groups G1 and G2. G1 (n ¼ 31) was used for determination of the association between anthropometric parameters and REE. G2 (n ¼ 121) and a group of non-pregnant women (G0; n ¼ 24) were used for verification that observed relations were suitable for the prediction of REE during pregnancy. The women in the study groups were measured during four periods of pregnancy for REE by indirect calorimetry and anthropometric parameters after 12 h of fasting. Results: Associations were found in all groups between measured REE by indirect calorimetry and anthropometric parameters such as weight, fat mass, fat-free mass (FFM), body surface area, and body mass index (P < 0.0001). The best derived predictor, REE/FFM (29.5 kcal/kg, r ¼ 0.70, P < 0.0001), in group G1 was statistically verified in group G2 and compared with G0. Conclusion: Anthropometrically measured FFM with its metabolically active components is an essential determinant of REE in pregnancy. REE/FFM can be used for the prediction of REE in pregnant and non-pregnant woman.

Research paper thumbnail of New equation for the prediction of resting energy expenditure during pregnancy

Nutrition, 2009

Objective: The equation for the prediction of resting energy expenditure (REE) during pregnancy i... more Objective: The equation for the prediction of resting energy expenditure (REE) during pregnancy is unknown. The aim of this prospective longitudinal study was to determine a new equation for prediction of REE in pregnancy. Methods: A total of 152 randomly recruited healthy pregnant Czech women (nonsmokers, not users of chronic medications or abusers of alcohol or drugs, normoglycemic, euthyroid, and not anemic) were divided into two cohorts: group 1 (n ¼ 31) was used for determination of the equation for calculation of pregnant REE and group 2 (n ¼ 121) for cross-validation of this formula. The REE of the pregnant women in both study groups was examined by indirect calorimetry (REE-IC) along with anthropometry after 12 h of fasting in four periods of pregnancy. A statistical comparison of three basic equations (Harris Benedict, Schofield, and Kleiber) was used for the prediction of REE. Results: Through correlation analysis and linear regression, a new predictive equation of REE during pregnancy (P REE) was derived from the Harris Benedict equation. We observed high concordance between values from P REE and REE-IC in group 2. Analysis of alternative predictive equations of REE with the addition of kilocalories and a corrected multiplication factor for each stage of pregnancy expressed low concordance. Conclusions: The equation for REE in kilocalories during pregnancy, P REE ¼ 346.43943 þ 13.962564 3 W þ 2.700416 3 H À 6.826376 3 A (W, weight; H, height; A, age), with SD 116 kcal/d, corresponds closely to REE-IC and maternal changes in each phase of pregnancy. P REE can be applied for prediction of REE during gestation. Ó

Research paper thumbnail of Clinically relevant determinants of body composition, function and nutritional status as mortality predictors in lung cancer patients

Lung Cancer, 2014

Lung cancer belongs to the type of tumors with a relatively high frequency of malnutrition, sarco... more Lung cancer belongs to the type of tumors with a relatively high frequency of malnutrition, sarcopenia and cachexia, severe metabolic syndromes related to impairment of physical function and quality of life, resistance to therapy and short survival. Inexpensive and accessible methods of evaluating changes in body composition, physical function and nutrition status are for this reason of great importance for clinical practice to enable the early identification, monitoring, preventing and treatment of these nutritional deficiencies. This could lead to improved outcomes in the quality of life, physical performance and survival of patients with lung cancer. The aim of this article is to summarize the recent knowledge for the use of such methods, their predictability for patient outcomes and an association with other clinically relevant parameters, specifically with lung cancer patients, because such an article collectively describing their practical application in clinical practice is lacking. The interest of this article is in the use of anthropometry, handgrip dynamometry, bioelectrical impedance analysis derived phase angle and nutritional screening questionnaires in lung cancer patients.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of some acetylcholinesterase reactivators on human platelet aggregationin vitro

Journal of Applied Toxicology, 2006

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactivators are employed for the prophylaxis and treatment of intoxi... more Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactivators are employed for the prophylaxis and treatment of intoxications with organophosphorus AChE inhibitors, including nerve agents and pesticides. For the recovery of inhibited enzyme, derivatives from the group of pyridinium or bispyridinium aldoximes (called oximes) are used. Adverse effects of these substances are not well elucidated, because of their narrow and one-shot usage. Owing to this fact, the study evaluated the influence of some currently applied oximes on human platelet aggregation in vitro. The antiplatelet activity of pralidoxime, obidoxime, HI-6, methoxime and HLö 7 was assayed in human platelet rich plasma (2.5 × 10 8 platelets·ml −1 ) at a concentration of 1.35 mM. Arachidonic acid (AA), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), collagen (COL) and thrombin (TR) were used as agonists of platelet aggregation. All tested substances, except pralidoxime and methoxime, caused a significant inhibition of the aggregation process induced by AA, ADP and COL. Of the oximes assayed, none was found to influence TR triggered aggregation. Since reduced platelet aggregation can play an important role as an adverse effect in reactivator administration, further evaluation is needed for the estimation of the real impact of active oximes to the aggregation process in humans.

Research paper thumbnail of In Vitro Antiplatelet Activity of Flavonoids from Leuzea Carthamoides

Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2008

Plants and their secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, exhibit a wide range of biological ... more Plants and their secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, exhibit a wide range of biological effects. Consequently, natural substances are receiving an increased attention in medicinal research. Owing to these facts, in vitro antiplatelet activity of ethanol summary extract and four flavonoids from Leuzea carthamoides was determined in human platelet-rich plasma. Arachidonic acid (AA), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), collagen (COL), and thrombin were used as agonists of platelet aggregation. The summary extract showed a significant inhibition of the aggregation induced by COL and ADP. Of the tested flavonoids, eriodictyol (1) and patuletin (2) influenced COL- and AA-induced aggregation. Their IC(50) values are presented. Flavonoid glycosides eriodictyol-7-beta-glucopyranoside (3) and 6-hydroxykaempferol-7-O-(6&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;-O-acetyl-beta-D[small cap]-glucopyranoside) (4) were found to be weak antiplatelet agents. These results confirmed the fact that glucosylation decreases the antiplatelet activity. Quantitative composition of tested flavonoids in L. carthamoides extract was also determined. Though two of the tested flavonoids inhibited platelet aggregation, further evaluation of L. carthamoides, in order to discover other antiplatelet active compounds and possible adverse health effects, is needed.

Research paper thumbnail of PP185-MON PREDICTORS OF RESTING ENERGY EXPENDITURE DURING PREGNANCY AND IN NON-PREGNANT STATE

Clinical Nutrition Supplements, 2011

Research paper thumbnail of PP213 DETERMINATION OF PLASMATIC LEVELS OF VITAMIN A, E, C, B12 AND FOLIC ACID IN EACH STAGE OF COLORECTAL CANCER

Clinical Nutrition Supplements, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of PP131 FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF HUMAN MILK OF MOTHERS FROM THE CZECH REPUBLIC

Clinical Nutrition Supplements, 2010

The biological value of proteins is the decisive factor in the effect of supplemented proteins on... more The biological value of proteins is the decisive factor in the effect of supplemented proteins on nitrogen balance. Amaranth is considered acceptable for the gluten-free diet. The protein content of Amaranth grain is higher compared to common grains apart from soybeans. The purpose of the study was to prepare a protein with high biological value from the plant (amaranth) and compare it with casein. We observed effect on the growth and nitrogen metabolism of rats. Methods: Fourteen male Wistar rats (45 day age) were separated into 2 diet groups of 7 animals each. A mixture of amaranth protein with an autolysate of yeast diet (A-Y diet) (1:1) was tested in comparison with casein protein. Daily dietary intakes and body weight (BW) of the rats were investigated over 5 weeks. Biochemical parameters of nitrogen metabolism in blood and urine and total nitrogen in the stercus of the terminal small intestine and faeces were determined.

Research paper thumbnail of P330 NUTRITIONAL INTAKE OF MINERALS OF CZECH WOMEN DURING PREGNANCY

Clinical Nutrition Supplements, 2009

Vitamins, Antioxidants and Minerals II 163 malabsorption. This is probably associated to reduced ... more Vitamins, Antioxidants and Minerals II 163 malabsorption. This is probably associated to reduced exposure to sunlight. Additional risk factors are alcoholism and antivitamin K therapy. Adequate vitamin D supplementation is recommended.

Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms in Bronchitic and Nonbronchitic Phenotypes of COPD

CHEST Journal, 2012

ABSTRACT SESSION TYPE: COPD Posters IPRESENTED ON: Wednesday, October 24, 2012 at 01:30 PM - 02:3... more ABSTRACT SESSION TYPE: COPD Posters IPRESENTED ON: Wednesday, October 24, 2012 at 01:30 PM - 02:30 PMPURPOSE: Psychological sequelae of COPD may affect functional status independently of disease severity. Presence of depression among several phenotypes of COPD is not clearly understood. We wanted to find out the real occurrence of depression in both basic clinical phenotypes of COPD.METHODS: Multicomponent assessment of 38 consecutive patients (6 females, 66,7 ± 7,6 years) with stable COPD (GOLD groups A 1, B 21, C O, D 16) in the out-patient clinic of university hospital (within non-interventional cross-sectional Complexity of COPD Study).RESULTS: 27 patients had bronchitic and 11 subjects suffered from non-bronchitic phenotype of COPD (post- ipratropium and salbutamol FEV1 57,7%). Bronchitic variant was associated with lower level of depressive symptoms (Beck scale 5,1 ± 3 , Zung scale 50,2 ± 10,9) than that found in non-bronchitic subtype of COPD (Beck scale 8,3 ± 3,4, Zung scale 57.5 ± 7,4). Although this difference reached statistical significance only in Beck questionnaire p=0,013 (Mann Whitney test). In all other parameters (BMI, FFMI, education level, inhalation risk, 6MWD, exercise desaturation, mMRC dyspnea scale, Celli BODE, Puhan BODE, ADO, CAT, all domains of SGRQ, arterial blood gases, ECG heart rate) were no differences between these two basic phenotypes.CONCLUSIONS: Non-bronchitic phenotype of COPD was associated with more depression complaints than bronchitic scenario. This difference was not apparent in terms of life quality, prognostic indices and number of other variables describing course of COPD.CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Purposeful search for the presence of depressive symptoms is particularly important in patients with non-bronchitic phenotype of COPD.DISCLOSURE: The following authors have nothing to disclose: Vladimir Koblizek, Sarka Pracharova, Miloslav Hronek, Miroslav Kovarik, Vladimir Palicka, Ladislava Pavlikova, Kamil Klenha, Petr Celakovsky, Jan Brozik, Jana TuckovaNo Product/Research Disclosure InformationPulmonary Department, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.

Research paper thumbnail of The serum levels of calcium, magnesium, iron and zinc in patients with recurrent vulvovaginal candidosis during attack, remission and in healthy controls

Mycoses, 2005

The real cause of recurrent vulvovaginal candidosis (RVVC) is concealed and the etiopathogenesis ... more The real cause of recurrent vulvovaginal candidosis (RVVC) is concealed and the etiopathogenesis of this disease remains to be determined. In a cohort study, concentrations of metals in 44 patients with RVVC and 30 healthy age-matched women were measured and compared. The concentrations of serum calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and iron (Fe) were measured photometrically, the zinc (Zn) levels were determined using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. For statistical analysis were used the Student&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s t-tests (paired analysis for attack vs. remission; non-paired analysis for patient vs. control). Although all measured metals were within normal ranges the patients with RVVC had in contrast to the healthy controls significantly lower levels of serum Ca, Mg and Zn and insignificantly higher levels of Fe. These relative changes may contribute to the development of attacks in patients with RVVC.