Mohamed Hashem - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Mohamed Hashem

Sustainability

This study aimed to produce an economic and stable biofungicide based on a new effective antagoni... more This study aimed to produce an economic and stable biofungicide based on a new effective antagonistic strain (Trichoderma harzianum JF419706) via the exploitation of agro-industrial lignocellulosic residues as carriers for fungal growth to control the root rot diseases of vegetable crops. Trichoderma harzianum JF419706 showed a good resistance to a chemical fungicide with two-fold of the recommended dose. It was able to propagate on corn stovers amended with 20% of date molasses, as a very cheap substrate, up to 2.90 × 1016 CFU/g after 30 days. Formulation of the bioagent on the substrate as a fine powder (FTB) increased the shelf-life up to 8 months with good viability (9.37 × 1011 CFU/g). The bioagent propagated itself in the rhizospheric soil about two-fold of the initial inoculum. Application of the FTB, as a seed treatment, suppressed the root rot disease severity percentage of cucumber, lettuce, and tomato plants to 70.0%, 61.5%, and 53.8%, respectively, from the control. The ...

Agriculture

This research evaluated the efficacy of essential oils in the management of cucumber powdery mild... more This research evaluated the efficacy of essential oils in the management of cucumber powdery mildew. Essential oils of lemongrass, lemon, thyme, peppermint, abundance blend, purification blend, and thieves blend were tested in vitro and under greenhouse conditions in two separate experiments. The effects of essential oils were tested against powdery mildew disease at concentrations of 1.0–2.5 mL/L, and the consequent impact of the oils on plant growth was evaluated. Powdery mildew fungus, Podosphaera xanthii, was identified using sequencing of the ITS region. The essential oils significantly reduced disease incidence up to 77.3% compared with the positive control (p < 0.5). Moreover, the essential oils increased the plant length (up to 187 cm), leaf area (up to 27.5 cm2), fresh weight (up to 123 g), dry weight (up to 22.5 g), number of flowers (16.3), and metabolite content compared with the positive control (p < 0.5). Cell membrane injury decreased significantly in the oil-tr...

Agriculture, 2022

Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) in tomatoes is globally recog... more Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) in tomatoes is globally recognized as one of the most significant tomato diseases, both in fields and in greenhouses. Macroalgae contain a diversity of bioactive complexes. This research was carried out to assess the value of the extracts from three macroalgae (Sargassum dentifolium belongs to Phaeophyta, Gracilaria compressa belongs to Rhodophyta, and Ulva lactuca belongs to Chlorophyta) against wilt disease in tomato plants. The fungal pathogen was isolated from diseased tomato plants growing in several parts of Saudi Arabia. Isolates of the pathogen were identified by morphological and molecular methods. Three organic solvents, in addition to water, were used for extraction to assess the effect of reducing FOL hyphal growth on potato dextrose agar (PDA). Radial reductions in pathogen hyphal growth were seen with all of the solvent and water extracts, but the three macroalgae methanol extracts that were tested sho...

Agronomy, 2022

The ecosystem is considerably affected due to the extensive use of chemical pesticides and fertil... more The ecosystem is considerably affected due to the extensive use of chemical pesticides and fertilizers. As an alternative strategy, this study aimed to assess the biocontrol potential of the bioagents arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth-promoting Trichoderma harzianum MZ025966 against tomato root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne javanica). T. harzianum showed a great potentiality to produce indole acetic acid (IAA) (12.11 ± 2.12 μg/mL) and exhibited a noticeable activity of ammonification. Furthermore, T. harzianum revealed protease and lipase enzymatic activity of 28.36 ± 2.82 U/mL and 12.30 ± 0.31 U/mL, respectively, which may illustrate the control mechanism of nematode eggs and juveniles. As in mycorrhizal and/or T. harzianum inoculated tomato plants, the penetration rates of nematodes, as well as the number of juveniles, females, egg mass, and galls were significantly reduced. The lowest number of juveniles was observed in the case of either single mycorrhizal inoculation ...

Plants, 2021

Recently, there have been urgent economic and scientific demands to decrease the use of chemical ... more Recently, there have been urgent economic and scientific demands to decrease the use of chemical fungicides during the treatment of phytopathogens, due to their human health and environmental impacts. This study explored the biocontrol efficacy of novel and eco-friendly preen (uropygial) oil and endophytic Bacillus safensis in managing postharvest Botrytis grey mold in strawberry fruit. The preen oil (25 μL/mL) showed high antifungal activity against B. cinerea Str5 in terms of the reduction in the fungal radial growth (41.3%) and the fungal colony-forming units (28.6%) compared to the control. A new strain of Bacillus safensis B3 had a good potential to produce chitinase enzymes (3.69 ± 0.31 U/mL), hydrolytic lipase (10.65 ± 0.51 U/mL), and protease enzymes (13.28 ± 0.65 U/mL), which are responsible for the hydrolysis of the B. cinerea Str5 cell wall and, consequently, restrict fungal growth. The in vivo experiment on strawberry fruit showed that preen (uropygial) oil reduced the d...

Sustainability, 2021

The present study was carried out to evaluate the effects of different fungal species on the meta... more The present study was carried out to evaluate the effects of different fungal species on the metal uptake from paper sludge by Hemarthria compressa L. Paper sludge (PS) in various concentrations (0, 30% and 60%) were used with four treatments of two fungal species (F0 = Control, F1 = Aspergillus niger, F2 = Trichoderma pseudokoningii, F3 = A. niger + T. pseudokoningii). Paper sludge as rooting medium steadily influenced growth and physio-biochemical attributes of H. compressa in F0. Results revealed discrete variations in growth attributes with different PS concentrations and each fungal treatment. The maximum damages in ionic homeostasis (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+) due to PS toxicity were evident in parallel with declined chlorophyll concentration. The highest growth, total chlorophyll and biomass of the plants were observed when PS was treated with combined fungal strains (F3). Translocation factor decreased with F3 that is indicative of changes in Cd, Pb, and Cu movement to shoot from ...

Sustainability, 2021

The present study aims to assess the impact of the type of yeast consortium used during bioethano... more The present study aims to assess the impact of the type of yeast consortium used during bioethanol production from starchy biowastes and to determine the optimal fermentation conditions for enhanced bioethanol production. Three different yeast strains, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pichia barkeri, and Candida intermedia were used in mono- and co-cultures with pretreated waste-rice as substrate. The optimization of fermentation conditions i.e., fermentation time, temperature, pH, and inoculum size, was investigated in small-scale batch cultures and subsequently, the optimal conditions were applied for scaling-up and validation of the process in a 7-L fermenter. It was shown that co-culturing of yeasts either in couples or triples significantly enhanced the fermentation efficiency of the process, with ethanol yield reaching 167.80 ± 0.49 g/kg of biowaste during experiments in the fermenter.

Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, 2018

Botrytis umbel blight caused by Botrytis allii is a major disease that attacks onion crop. In vit... more Botrytis umbel blight caused by Botrytis allii is a major disease that attacks onion crop. In vitro, Trichoderma viride, Penicillium chrysogenum, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae and extract of bitter apple fruits (Citrullus colocynthis) showed antagonistic effect and inhibited the mycelial growth of B. allii. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of bitter apple fruits showed the existence of 37 compounds and their derivatives. Among them, 10 compounds constituted 58.66% of the total analyses. Greenhouse experiment approved that the extract of bitter apple fruits was the most effective in reducing disease incidence and severity, followed by P. chrysogenum, when they were applied 2 days pre-inoculation with the pathogen. All treatments significantly increased the total phenolic contents than the untreated control, but the highest increase was obtained when S. cerevisiae and P. chrysogenum were applied. A positive correlation was found between the activity of bioagents and improvement of peroxidase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase enzymes in onion plants to resist infection with the pathogen. P. chrysogenum caused the highest increase in polyphenoloxidase activity in infected onion plants, while S. cerevisiae showed the lowest level of this enzyme. The study approved that application of the bioagents not only protected the onions against Botrytis disease but also enhanced the content of antioxidant compounds in onions. This encourages the application of such preparations to manage the production of onion crop, especially in the organic farming that bans the application of any chemicals.

Journal of microbiology and biotechnology, Jan 28, 2018

Intracellular synthesis of silver/silver chloride nanoparticles (Ag/AgCl-NPs) using KX008616 is r... more Intracellular synthesis of silver/silver chloride nanoparticles (Ag/AgCl-NPs) using KX008616 is reported under aerobic and anaerobic conditions for the first time. The biogenic synthesis of Ag-NP types has been proposed as an easy and cost-effective alternative for various biomedical applications. The interaction of nanoparticles with ethanol production was mentioned. The purified biogenic Ag/AgCl-nanoparticles were characterized by different spectroscopic and microscopic approaches. The purified nanoparticles exhibited a surface plasmon resonance band at 419 and 415 nm, confirming the formation of Ag/AgCl-NPs under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, respectively. The planes of the cubic crystalline phase of the Ag/AgCl-NPs were confirmed by X-ray diffraction. Fourier-transform infrared spectra showed the interactions between the yeast cell constituents and silver ions to form the biogenic Ag/AgCl-NPs. The intracellular Ag/AgCl-NPs synthesized under aerobic condition were homogenous ...

Zagazig Veterinary Journal, 2019

The disease caused by Pasteurella multocida is an extremely common and difficult issue of rabbits... more The disease caused by Pasteurella multocida is an extremely common and difficult issue of rabbits utilized for biomedical research. The vaccination techniques are dependably the most powerful preventive measures. In the present study, 30 New Zealand rabbits (1.5 kg average body weight and 6-8 weeks old) were divided into 3 groups, control group (I), challenged nonvaccinated group (II), and challenged double vaccinated group (III). 1 st dose was administered at the 1 st day followed by similar booster dose after 21 days. At the end of the 2 nd , 4 th , and 6 th weeks of the experiment, blood samples were collected from the ear vein for hematological, plasma, and serum examination. At the end of the 6 th week, the rabbits were anaesthetized and sacrificed to collect the tissue specimens from liver, kidneys, spleen, lungs and heart for histopathological study. The results showed that double immunization with killed vaccine of P. multocida increased the immune response of the animals and the leukocyte phagocytic activity against P. multocida and also improved the clinicopathological and histopathological findings. Taken together, our findings proved that double immunization with killed vaccine of P. multocida increased the phagocytic activity of the immune cells and the immune status of animals against infection.

Al-Azhar Medical Journal, 2021

Background: Otitis media refers to a group of complex infectious and inflammatory diseases affect... more Background: Otitis media refers to a group of complex infectious and inflammatory diseases affecting the middle ear. Bacteremia is the presence of viable bacteria in the circulating blood. It has been reported that it is associated with some surgical procedures. Objective: To investigate the risk of bacteremia development during surgery in patients who underwent mastoidectomy for chronic otitis media. Patients and Methods: This was a prospective study carried out at Hearing and Speech Institute, Egypt during the period between March and December 2019. The study included 30 patients with chronic otitis media (17 males and 13 females) who were scheduled for mastoidectomy. Preoperative routine ENT examination and microscopic examination were done. Blood samples were taken before and after the operation for the evaluation of microorganisms. Smear cultures were obtained, and the growing microorganisms were identified with the traditional method. Results: Cholesteatoma was the major complaint among all patients, 27 cases (90.0%) complained of intermittent ear discharge, 16 cases (53.3%) complained of hearing loss and only 3 cases (10.0%) complained of tinnitus. The results showed that 19 cases (63.3%) developed bacteremia postoperatively. Streptococcus spp was the main organism found in 6 cases (20.0%) in preoperative external ear canal and in 7 cases (23.3%) in postoperative dressing smear cultures, followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 5 cases (16.7%) and 4 cases (13.3%), Diphteroid bacilli in 4 cases (13.3%) and 2 cases (6.7%), Coagulase staphylococcus in 4 cases (13.3%) and 2 cases (6.7%), also, Klebsiella spp was found in 2 cases (6.7%) and 2 cases (6.7%) for preoperative external ear canal and postoperative dressing smear cultures, respectively. Regarding type and number of bacteria growing in blood culture immediately after surgery, the results showed that Streptococcus spp was presented in 11 cases (58.0%). Both Coagulase (-) staphylococcus and Bacillus spp with spores were found in 4 cases (21.0%). Conclusion: The risk of bacteremia should be considered in the preoperative period for the patients undergoing mastoidectomy. Postoperative use of antibiotics prevents several undesired complications and increases the success rate of the surgical procedure.

American Journal of Infection Control, 1993

ABSTRACT

Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, 2008

Journal of pediatric …, 2004

Carbohydrate Polymers, Nov 17, 2009

A thorough investigation into conditions appropriate for effecting combined eco-friendly bioscour... more A thorough investigation into conditions appropriate for effecting combined eco-friendly bioscouring and/or bleaching of cotton-based fabrics was undertaken. Fabrics used include cotton, grey mercerized cotton, cotton/polyester blend 50/50 and cotton/polyester blend 35/65. The four cotton-based fabric were subjected to bioscouring by single use of alkaline pectinase enzymes or by using binary mixtures of alkaline pectinase and cellulase enzymes under a variety of conditions. Results of bioscouring show that, the bioscoured substrates ...

Sustainability

This study aimed to produce an economic and stable biofungicide based on a new effective antagoni... more This study aimed to produce an economic and stable biofungicide based on a new effective antagonistic strain (Trichoderma harzianum JF419706) via the exploitation of agro-industrial lignocellulosic residues as carriers for fungal growth to control the root rot diseases of vegetable crops. Trichoderma harzianum JF419706 showed a good resistance to a chemical fungicide with two-fold of the recommended dose. It was able to propagate on corn stovers amended with 20% of date molasses, as a very cheap substrate, up to 2.90 × 1016 CFU/g after 30 days. Formulation of the bioagent on the substrate as a fine powder (FTB) increased the shelf-life up to 8 months with good viability (9.37 × 1011 CFU/g). The bioagent propagated itself in the rhizospheric soil about two-fold of the initial inoculum. Application of the FTB, as a seed treatment, suppressed the root rot disease severity percentage of cucumber, lettuce, and tomato plants to 70.0%, 61.5%, and 53.8%, respectively, from the control. The ...

Agriculture

This research evaluated the efficacy of essential oils in the management of cucumber powdery mild... more This research evaluated the efficacy of essential oils in the management of cucumber powdery mildew. Essential oils of lemongrass, lemon, thyme, peppermint, abundance blend, purification blend, and thieves blend were tested in vitro and under greenhouse conditions in two separate experiments. The effects of essential oils were tested against powdery mildew disease at concentrations of 1.0–2.5 mL/L, and the consequent impact of the oils on plant growth was evaluated. Powdery mildew fungus, Podosphaera xanthii, was identified using sequencing of the ITS region. The essential oils significantly reduced disease incidence up to 77.3% compared with the positive control (p < 0.5). Moreover, the essential oils increased the plant length (up to 187 cm), leaf area (up to 27.5 cm2), fresh weight (up to 123 g), dry weight (up to 22.5 g), number of flowers (16.3), and metabolite content compared with the positive control (p < 0.5). Cell membrane injury decreased significantly in the oil-tr...

Agriculture, 2022

Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) in tomatoes is globally recog... more Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) in tomatoes is globally recognized as one of the most significant tomato diseases, both in fields and in greenhouses. Macroalgae contain a diversity of bioactive complexes. This research was carried out to assess the value of the extracts from three macroalgae (Sargassum dentifolium belongs to Phaeophyta, Gracilaria compressa belongs to Rhodophyta, and Ulva lactuca belongs to Chlorophyta) against wilt disease in tomato plants. The fungal pathogen was isolated from diseased tomato plants growing in several parts of Saudi Arabia. Isolates of the pathogen were identified by morphological and molecular methods. Three organic solvents, in addition to water, were used for extraction to assess the effect of reducing FOL hyphal growth on potato dextrose agar (PDA). Radial reductions in pathogen hyphal growth were seen with all of the solvent and water extracts, but the three macroalgae methanol extracts that were tested sho...

Agronomy, 2022

The ecosystem is considerably affected due to the extensive use of chemical pesticides and fertil... more The ecosystem is considerably affected due to the extensive use of chemical pesticides and fertilizers. As an alternative strategy, this study aimed to assess the biocontrol potential of the bioagents arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth-promoting Trichoderma harzianum MZ025966 against tomato root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne javanica). T. harzianum showed a great potentiality to produce indole acetic acid (IAA) (12.11 ± 2.12 μg/mL) and exhibited a noticeable activity of ammonification. Furthermore, T. harzianum revealed protease and lipase enzymatic activity of 28.36 ± 2.82 U/mL and 12.30 ± 0.31 U/mL, respectively, which may illustrate the control mechanism of nematode eggs and juveniles. As in mycorrhizal and/or T. harzianum inoculated tomato plants, the penetration rates of nematodes, as well as the number of juveniles, females, egg mass, and galls were significantly reduced. The lowest number of juveniles was observed in the case of either single mycorrhizal inoculation ...

Plants, 2021

Recently, there have been urgent economic and scientific demands to decrease the use of chemical ... more Recently, there have been urgent economic and scientific demands to decrease the use of chemical fungicides during the treatment of phytopathogens, due to their human health and environmental impacts. This study explored the biocontrol efficacy of novel and eco-friendly preen (uropygial) oil and endophytic Bacillus safensis in managing postharvest Botrytis grey mold in strawberry fruit. The preen oil (25 μL/mL) showed high antifungal activity against B. cinerea Str5 in terms of the reduction in the fungal radial growth (41.3%) and the fungal colony-forming units (28.6%) compared to the control. A new strain of Bacillus safensis B3 had a good potential to produce chitinase enzymes (3.69 ± 0.31 U/mL), hydrolytic lipase (10.65 ± 0.51 U/mL), and protease enzymes (13.28 ± 0.65 U/mL), which are responsible for the hydrolysis of the B. cinerea Str5 cell wall and, consequently, restrict fungal growth. The in vivo experiment on strawberry fruit showed that preen (uropygial) oil reduced the d...

Sustainability, 2021

The present study was carried out to evaluate the effects of different fungal species on the meta... more The present study was carried out to evaluate the effects of different fungal species on the metal uptake from paper sludge by Hemarthria compressa L. Paper sludge (PS) in various concentrations (0, 30% and 60%) were used with four treatments of two fungal species (F0 = Control, F1 = Aspergillus niger, F2 = Trichoderma pseudokoningii, F3 = A. niger + T. pseudokoningii). Paper sludge as rooting medium steadily influenced growth and physio-biochemical attributes of H. compressa in F0. Results revealed discrete variations in growth attributes with different PS concentrations and each fungal treatment. The maximum damages in ionic homeostasis (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+) due to PS toxicity were evident in parallel with declined chlorophyll concentration. The highest growth, total chlorophyll and biomass of the plants were observed when PS was treated with combined fungal strains (F3). Translocation factor decreased with F3 that is indicative of changes in Cd, Pb, and Cu movement to shoot from ...

Sustainability, 2021

The present study aims to assess the impact of the type of yeast consortium used during bioethano... more The present study aims to assess the impact of the type of yeast consortium used during bioethanol production from starchy biowastes and to determine the optimal fermentation conditions for enhanced bioethanol production. Three different yeast strains, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pichia barkeri, and Candida intermedia were used in mono- and co-cultures with pretreated waste-rice as substrate. The optimization of fermentation conditions i.e., fermentation time, temperature, pH, and inoculum size, was investigated in small-scale batch cultures and subsequently, the optimal conditions were applied for scaling-up and validation of the process in a 7-L fermenter. It was shown that co-culturing of yeasts either in couples or triples significantly enhanced the fermentation efficiency of the process, with ethanol yield reaching 167.80 ± 0.49 g/kg of biowaste during experiments in the fermenter.

Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, 2018

Botrytis umbel blight caused by Botrytis allii is a major disease that attacks onion crop. In vit... more Botrytis umbel blight caused by Botrytis allii is a major disease that attacks onion crop. In vitro, Trichoderma viride, Penicillium chrysogenum, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae and extract of bitter apple fruits (Citrullus colocynthis) showed antagonistic effect and inhibited the mycelial growth of B. allii. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of bitter apple fruits showed the existence of 37 compounds and their derivatives. Among them, 10 compounds constituted 58.66% of the total analyses. Greenhouse experiment approved that the extract of bitter apple fruits was the most effective in reducing disease incidence and severity, followed by P. chrysogenum, when they were applied 2 days pre-inoculation with the pathogen. All treatments significantly increased the total phenolic contents than the untreated control, but the highest increase was obtained when S. cerevisiae and P. chrysogenum were applied. A positive correlation was found between the activity of bioagents and improvement of peroxidase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase enzymes in onion plants to resist infection with the pathogen. P. chrysogenum caused the highest increase in polyphenoloxidase activity in infected onion plants, while S. cerevisiae showed the lowest level of this enzyme. The study approved that application of the bioagents not only protected the onions against Botrytis disease but also enhanced the content of antioxidant compounds in onions. This encourages the application of such preparations to manage the production of onion crop, especially in the organic farming that bans the application of any chemicals.

Journal of microbiology and biotechnology, Jan 28, 2018

Intracellular synthesis of silver/silver chloride nanoparticles (Ag/AgCl-NPs) using KX008616 is r... more Intracellular synthesis of silver/silver chloride nanoparticles (Ag/AgCl-NPs) using KX008616 is reported under aerobic and anaerobic conditions for the first time. The biogenic synthesis of Ag-NP types has been proposed as an easy and cost-effective alternative for various biomedical applications. The interaction of nanoparticles with ethanol production was mentioned. The purified biogenic Ag/AgCl-nanoparticles were characterized by different spectroscopic and microscopic approaches. The purified nanoparticles exhibited a surface plasmon resonance band at 419 and 415 nm, confirming the formation of Ag/AgCl-NPs under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, respectively. The planes of the cubic crystalline phase of the Ag/AgCl-NPs were confirmed by X-ray diffraction. Fourier-transform infrared spectra showed the interactions between the yeast cell constituents and silver ions to form the biogenic Ag/AgCl-NPs. The intracellular Ag/AgCl-NPs synthesized under aerobic condition were homogenous ...

Zagazig Veterinary Journal, 2019

The disease caused by Pasteurella multocida is an extremely common and difficult issue of rabbits... more The disease caused by Pasteurella multocida is an extremely common and difficult issue of rabbits utilized for biomedical research. The vaccination techniques are dependably the most powerful preventive measures. In the present study, 30 New Zealand rabbits (1.5 kg average body weight and 6-8 weeks old) were divided into 3 groups, control group (I), challenged nonvaccinated group (II), and challenged double vaccinated group (III). 1 st dose was administered at the 1 st day followed by similar booster dose after 21 days. At the end of the 2 nd , 4 th , and 6 th weeks of the experiment, blood samples were collected from the ear vein for hematological, plasma, and serum examination. At the end of the 6 th week, the rabbits were anaesthetized and sacrificed to collect the tissue specimens from liver, kidneys, spleen, lungs and heart for histopathological study. The results showed that double immunization with killed vaccine of P. multocida increased the immune response of the animals and the leukocyte phagocytic activity against P. multocida and also improved the clinicopathological and histopathological findings. Taken together, our findings proved that double immunization with killed vaccine of P. multocida increased the phagocytic activity of the immune cells and the immune status of animals against infection.

Al-Azhar Medical Journal, 2021

Background: Otitis media refers to a group of complex infectious and inflammatory diseases affect... more Background: Otitis media refers to a group of complex infectious and inflammatory diseases affecting the middle ear. Bacteremia is the presence of viable bacteria in the circulating blood. It has been reported that it is associated with some surgical procedures. Objective: To investigate the risk of bacteremia development during surgery in patients who underwent mastoidectomy for chronic otitis media. Patients and Methods: This was a prospective study carried out at Hearing and Speech Institute, Egypt during the period between March and December 2019. The study included 30 patients with chronic otitis media (17 males and 13 females) who were scheduled for mastoidectomy. Preoperative routine ENT examination and microscopic examination were done. Blood samples were taken before and after the operation for the evaluation of microorganisms. Smear cultures were obtained, and the growing microorganisms were identified with the traditional method. Results: Cholesteatoma was the major complaint among all patients, 27 cases (90.0%) complained of intermittent ear discharge, 16 cases (53.3%) complained of hearing loss and only 3 cases (10.0%) complained of tinnitus. The results showed that 19 cases (63.3%) developed bacteremia postoperatively. Streptococcus spp was the main organism found in 6 cases (20.0%) in preoperative external ear canal and in 7 cases (23.3%) in postoperative dressing smear cultures, followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 5 cases (16.7%) and 4 cases (13.3%), Diphteroid bacilli in 4 cases (13.3%) and 2 cases (6.7%), Coagulase staphylococcus in 4 cases (13.3%) and 2 cases (6.7%), also, Klebsiella spp was found in 2 cases (6.7%) and 2 cases (6.7%) for preoperative external ear canal and postoperative dressing smear cultures, respectively. Regarding type and number of bacteria growing in blood culture immediately after surgery, the results showed that Streptococcus spp was presented in 11 cases (58.0%). Both Coagulase (-) staphylococcus and Bacillus spp with spores were found in 4 cases (21.0%). Conclusion: The risk of bacteremia should be considered in the preoperative period for the patients undergoing mastoidectomy. Postoperative use of antibiotics prevents several undesired complications and increases the success rate of the surgical procedure.

American Journal of Infection Control, 1993

ABSTRACT

Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, 2008

Journal of pediatric …, 2004

Carbohydrate Polymers, Nov 17, 2009

A thorough investigation into conditions appropriate for effecting combined eco-friendly bioscour... more A thorough investigation into conditions appropriate for effecting combined eco-friendly bioscouring and/or bleaching of cotton-based fabrics was undertaken. Fabrics used include cotton, grey mercerized cotton, cotton/polyester blend 50/50 and cotton/polyester blend 35/65. The four cotton-based fabric were subjected to bioscouring by single use of alkaline pectinase enzymes or by using binary mixtures of alkaline pectinase and cellulase enzymes under a variety of conditions. Results of bioscouring show that, the bioscoured substrates ...