Mohammad Anisul Islam - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Thesis Chapters by Mohammad Anisul Islam
Mohammad Anisul Islam, 2019
This research is based on cybercrime only. The governments across the world, police departments ... more This research is based on cybercrime only. The governments across the world, police departments and intelligence units have started to react to cybercrimes. This study provides an overview of cybercrime and examines awareness in different respondents on the issue of cybercrimes in Bangladesh as well as emphasizes the severity of the problem and the urgent need to limit its impact worldwide. It is pertinent to mention that without creating a precise legal framework enabling law-enforcement agencies to identify cyber offenders and prosecute them it is almost impossible to prevent cyber-attacks and cybercrimes in Bangladesh. Here also described the internet uses and its bad impact. The process of combating cybercrime is described here and the implementations of laws are shown in it. This thesis is totally based on laws of our country. It also focuses the lacings of our laws and how to solve this problem; it also described. How to combat cybercrime and by which way; it also mentioned here. Describe the combating system, which is mentioned in our Acts. What is the scenario of our country; also shown in this. Bangladesh is not capable to combat it now; it is proved in this research and the way of overcome from this is also mentioned. We have no any laws to combating cybercrime and why it is urgent to make it; also elaborate in this research.
The present technical protection measures in the prevention of cyber-crimes in the country there are many circles and cases wherein such technology is not available or failed or circumvented by a number of barriers. To remove all such obstacles, the existence of a proper legal frame-work is of great importance for recreating and maintaining cyber-security.
Papers by Mohammad Anisul Islam
Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 2021
In this study, depth-wise concentration variations of twenty-five elements (Na, Al, K, Ca, Sc, Ti... more In this study, depth-wise concentration variations of twenty-five elements (Na, Al, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Zn, As, Sb, Cs, La, Ce, Sm, Eu, Dy, Yb, Lu, Hf, Th and U) and their contamination levels were studied using two sediment cores from two different Ranges of the Sundarbans mangrove forest, Bangladesh. It was observed that there was a decreasing trend in concentrations of most of the studied elements from surface to the deeper layers and the rate of concentration decrement at the core from Satkhira Range was less than that of the core from Chandpai Range, indicating a more anthropogenic effect on the Chandpai range near Mongla seaport area. Different pollution indices (I geo and EF) indicate that sediments of the Sundarbans are minor to moderately contaminated by As, Sb, Cs, REEs, Th and U. Therefore, this study suggests that proper steps should be taken to save the sensitive mangrove forest from elemental pollution.
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International, 2021
In the recent decades, peoples concentrate more on reduced-consumption of diets containing satura... more In the recent decades, peoples concentrate more on reduced-consumption of diets containing saturated fatty acids and replace them with essential polyunsaturated ones, including omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, due to their promising nutritional benefits. Therefore, the production of chicken meat having lower fat compositions, and riches in pro-healthy fatty acid and other macro-and micronutrients deserves great attention in the food industry. The research aimed to characterize meat oils of two commercially available, domestic and poultry, chickens in the Northern part of Bangladesh (Rajshahi), followed by the investigation of their nutritional compositions and hypoglycemic effect in vivo. In this work, the oil was isolated from the dried meat sources by Soxhlet extractor and purified using a rotary evaporator. We subsequently characterized meat oil in terms of various parameters, such as iodine value, saponification number, unsaponifiable matter, free fatty acid (FFA) contents, pero...
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2021
Background: Altered levels of serum glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and lipid profile are prevalent i... more Background: Altered levels of serum glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and lipid profile are prevalent in patients having type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM). Aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between serum HbA1c and lipid profile in T2DM to predict diabetic dyslipidemia.Methods: A structured questionnaire was filled up by each study subject to collect data according to study protocol including age, gender, BMI, BP, residential status, socio-economic status, educational status, physical activity, dietary habit, smoking and duration of diabetes. We collected blood samples from 270 type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients aged 30-65 years after overnight fasting (10-12 hours). Then blood samples collected from T2DM patients were used to measure serum levels of HbA1c, fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were estimated by standard laboratory methods.Results: In this study, increa...
Current Developments in Nutrition, 2021
Objectives Microbial contamination of complementary foods, which puts young children at risk of d... more Objectives Microbial contamination of complementary foods, which puts young children at risk of developing intestinal infections, could be reduced by improved handwashing and food hygiene practices. We quantify the effect of maternal food hygiene practices on complementary food contamination in order to identify food hygiene behaviors with the greatest impact in our study population. Methods We analyzed cross-sectional data on food hygiene practices and measured Escherichia coli counts as an indicator of microbial contamination in complementary food samples from 342 households of the Food and Agricultural Approaches to Reducing Malnutrition (FAARM) trial in Sylhet, Bangladesh. We used multivariable logistic regression to examine associations of maternal food hygiene behaviors with food contamination. Results About 46% of complementary food samples had detectable levels of Escherichia coli. Handwashing with soap at five critical times (OR: 0.7, 95% CI: 0.6 – 0.9), cleanliness of feed...
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2021
Safe drinking water is directly linked to good human health. An excessive amount of manganese (Mn... more Safe drinking water is directly linked to good human health. An excessive amount of manganese (Mn) in drinking water supplies causes people show symptoms of neurotoxicity. In this study, the level of Mn in potable water sourced from tube wells located in 9 (nine) districts of Bangladesh was monitored. In total 170 (one hundred and seventy) water samples were collected and Mn was quanti ed by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The levels of Mn found in the tube well water samples of Sirajganj,
Background: South Asia is a hotspot for antimicrobial resistance due largely to over-the-counter ... more Background: South Asia is a hotspot for antimicrobial resistance due largely to over-the-counter antibiotic sales for humans and animals, a lack of compliance with policy among healthcare providers, high population density and high infectious disease burden. This paper describes development of social and behavioural change communication (SBCC) to increase appropriate use of antibiotics. Methods: We used formative research to explore contextual drivers of antibiotic sales, purchase, consumption/use and promotion among four groups: 1) households, 2) drug shop staff, 3) qualified physicians and 4) pharmaceutical companies/medical representatives. We used formative research findings and an intervention design workshop with stakeholders to select target behaviours, to prioritize audiences and develop SBCC messages, in consultation with a creative agency, and through pilots and feedback. The behaviour change wheel was used to summarise findings. Results: Workshop participants identified b...
International Journal of Energy and Water Resources, 2020
For all living organisms on the planet Earth, safe drinking water is essential. Throughout the wo... more For all living organisms on the planet Earth, safe drinking water is essential. Throughout the world, millions of people such as those in Bangladesh utilize ground water sources like deep tubewells or shallow tubewells as sources for safe drinking water. In this study, drinking water supplies for people in rural communities are investigated in one arsenic-contaminated area, Narail Sadar, Bangladesh, for the purpose of ensuring safe potable water. Trace metals, namely arsenic, iron, manganese, cadmium, zinc and lead in the water of deep (n = 22) and shallow (n = 27) tubewells, were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer following APHA standard analytical methods. The examined parameters of water samples regarding the deep tubewell were found to have the following ranges: arsenic 2-145 µg/L; iron 80-6710 µg/L; manganese 8-80 µg/L; cadmium 1-8 µg/L; zinc 3-433 µg/L; and lead below the detection limit of 6 µg/L. In the shallow tubewell, the statistics were: arsenic 2-321 µg/L; iron 110-8670 µg/L; manganese 8-620 µg/L; cadmium 2-9 µg/L; zinc 3-81 µg/L; and lead below the detection limit of 6 µg/L. Drinking water quality of Narail Sadar does not satisfy the guidelines published by the World Health Organization or the government standards in Bangladesh. Deep tubewell water is comparatively less contaminated by arsenic and other trace metals than the shallow tubewell water, a finding based on the hazard quotient, carcinogenic risk and water quality index. Regular consumption of arsenic-contaminated water may accelerate chronic arsenic-related toxicity and subsequently endanger people's health.
Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies, 2018
Farmers' awareness about the hazards derived from climate change on boro rice production ... more Farmers' awareness about the hazards derived from climate change on boro rice production has been a central issue to reduce their crop loss in a sustainable way. In this study, farmers' awareness was measured on the basis of twelve adverse effects of climate change on boro rice production using a four point rating scale. Necessary data were collected through personal interview using a mixed method research design from 100 randomly selected haor farmers of four villages of Tahirpur and Bishwambarpur upazila under Sunamganj district during 20 March to 10 May, 2018. The findings revealed that an overwhelming majority (75 percent) of the haor farmers had conscious to stable awareness while 25 percent were unconsciously aware of the effects of climate change. On the other hand, results of correlation analysis indicated that some characteristics of haor farmers like age and family size had negative and statistically significant relationship while their education level, farm size, annual family income, communication exposure, agricultural training experience, perception on climate change had a positive and statistically significant relationship with their Original Research Article Uddin et al.; AJESS, 2(4): 1-7, 2018; Article no.AJESS.43953 2 awareness about the effects of climate change on boro rice production. The highest awareness level was reported against the effect of flash flood in haor areas while the haor farmers had lowest awareness on crop damage due to the excessive cloudy sky. The findings of this result can be utilized to develop a suitable policy for uplifting of socioeconomic status of the haor farmers and also guide to develop suitable strategies to secure boro rice production.
Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies, 2018
The main purpose of the study was to determine the extent of participation of the rural women in ... more The main purpose of the study was to determine the extent of participation of the rural women in homestead vegetable cultivation in two villages namely Esubpur and Noagaon of Bhunobir union of Sreemangal upazila under Moulvibazar district. Data were collected from randomly selected 100 rural women by using a pre-tested interview schedule during the period from 10 January to 22 February; 2018. The extent of participation was measured by using a five-point rating scale. Results revealed that, 75% of the respondent had medium participation in homestead vegetable cultivation as compared to 21% low participation and 4% high participation. Participation in irrigation and drainage among all other activities required for homestead gardening ranked first that might have an impact in boosting vegetable cultivation. Some socioeconomic characteristics of the respondent rural women like educational level, farm size, annual family income, cosmopoliteness, extension media contact, knowledge, attitude and training experience had a significant positive relationship with their extent of participation in homestead vegetable cultivation. Need-based training program depending on the varied socioeconomic background of rural women will help in boosting vegetable cultivation in the vegetable scarce Moulvibazar district, and rural women may find homestead gardening as the core income generating activity.
Frontiers in Microbiology, 2019
Third generation cephalosporins (3GC) are one of the main choices for treatment of infections cau... more Third generation cephalosporins (3GC) are one of the main choices for treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria. Due to their overuse, an increasing trend of resistance to 3GC has been observed in developing countries. Here, we describe fecal colonization of 3GC-resistant (3GCr) Escherichia coli in healthy infants (1-12 months old) living in rural areas of Bangladesh. We found that stool samples of 82% of infants (n = 100) were positive for 3GCr E. coli with a mean ± standard deviation of 6.21 ± 1.32 log 10 CFU/g wet weight of stool. 3GCr E. coli encompasses an average one third (33%) of the total E. coli of stool. Almost 77% (n = 63) of these 3GCr E. coli were MDR (or resistant to ≥3 classes of antibiotics). Around 90% (n = 74) of 3GCr E. coli were extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing in which bla CTX−M−group−1 was the predominant (96%, n = 71) ESBL-gene followed by bla TEM (41%, n = 30) and bla OXA−1 (11%, n = 8). A significant proportion (26.5%, n = 22) of 3GCr E. coli was pathogenic, comprising two types, enteroaggregative (EAEC, n = 19) and enteropathogenic (EPEC, n = 3). Colonization of 3GCr E. coli in infant guts was not associated with demographic characteristics such as age, sex, mode of delivery, maternal and infant antibiotic use, disease morbidity, and feeding practices. The high rate of colonization of 3GCr E. coli in infants' guts is a serious public health concern which needs immediate attention and warrants further studies to explore the cause.
Applied and environmental microbiology, Jan 12, 2018
Soils in household environments in low- and middle-income countries may play an important role in... more Soils in household environments in low- and middle-income countries may play an important role in the persistence, proliferation, and transmission of Our goal was to investigate the risk factors for detection, survival, and growth of in soils collected from household plots. was enumerated in soil and fecal samples from human, chicken, and cattle from 52 households in rural Bangladesh. Associations between concentrations in soil, household-level factors, and soil physicochemical characteristics were investigated. Susceptibility to 16 antibiotics and the presence of intestinal pathotypes were evaluated for 175 isolates. The growth and survival of in microcosms using soil collected from the households were also assessed. was isolated from 44.2% of the soil samples with an average of 1.95 log CFU/g dry soil. Soil moisture and clay content were associated with concentration in soil, whereas no household factor was significantly correlated. Antibiotic resistance and pathogenicity were com...
Innate immunity, Nov 29, 2016
Pulmonary alveolar macrophages (AMs) are important in defense against bacterial lung inflammation... more Pulmonary alveolar macrophages (AMs) are important in defense against bacterial lung inflammation. Cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14) is involved in recognizing bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) through MyD88-dependent and TRIF pathways of innate immunity. Sulforaphane (SFN) shows anti-inflammatory activity and suppresses DNA methylation. To identify CD14 epigenetic changes by SFN in the LPS-induced TRIF pathway, an AMs model was investigated in vitro CD14 gene expression was induced by 5 µg/ml LPS at the time point of 12 h and suppressed by 5 µM SFN. After 12 h of LPS stimulation, gene expression was significantly up-regulated, including TRIF, TRAF6, NF-κB, TRAF3, IRF7, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IFN-β. LPS-induced TRAM, TRIF, RIPK1, TRAF3, TNF-α, IL-1β and IFN-β were suppressed by 5 µM SFN. Similarly, DNMT3a expression was increased by LPS but significantly down-regulated by 5 µM SFN. It showed positive correlation of CD14 gene body methylation with in LPS-stimulated AMs, and this...
Journal of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Dec 31, 2012
The aim of this study is to assess and report trace metal contamination of water samples of Balu ... more The aim of this study is to assess and report trace metal contamination of water samples of Balu River, collected from four stations which was sampled every three months covering the upstream and downstream sites of major industrial area of Tajgaon of Dhaka city. The dissolve concentration Iron, Lead, Cadmium, Manganese, Cobalt, Nickel, Chromium, Zinc, Copper of water samples was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry and were found to range from 1.79 to 50.15 mg/L, <17.96 to 28.25 μg/L, <3.00 to 3.30 μg/L, 28.28 to 730.79 μg/L, <4.05 to 53.92 μg/L, <10.66 to 19.07 μg/L, <4.05 to 8.44 μg/L, 8.39 to 76.86 μg/L, and 3.81 to 19.99 μg/L. The observed concentrations of the metals varied between sampling sites and also in different season. Metal concentration was higher in the dry (March) than rainy season in most cases. The pollution level is within the limit of Bangladesh standard and below the Environmental Protection Agency and World Health Organization standard except Iron. From this study, it is clear that the water of this river is not an immediate threat to ecosystem but most of the parameters are higher than other rivers of Bangladesh and in future may cause a threat to ecosystem.
Jurnal Teknologi, 2015
Drilling and production of oil by semi submersible take place in many locations throughout the wo... more Drilling and production of oil by semi submersible take place in many locations throughout the world. Generally, floating structures play an important role in exploring the oil and gas from the sea. The force and motion prediction of offshore structures may be carried out using time domain or frequency domain models or model tests. In this paper the frequency domain analysis used because it is the simplified and linearized form of the equations of motion. The time domain analysis, unlike frequency domain models, is adequate to deal with non-linearities such as viscous damping and mooring forces, but it requires sophisticated solution techniques and it is expensive to employ. In this paper, the wave exciting forces of a free floating semi-submersible were carried out using 3D source distribution method within the scope of the linear wave theory. The results obtained from computations were also compared with the results obtained using commercial software MOSES and WAMIT.
Brain research, Jan 20, 2015
To meet the challenge of identification of new treatments for stroke, this study was designed to ... more To meet the challenge of identification of new treatments for stroke, this study was designed to evaluate a potent, nonselective opioid receptor (OR) agonist, biphalin, in comparison to subtype selective OR agonists, as a potential neuroprotective drug candidate using in vitro and in vivo models of ischemic stroke. Our in vitro approach included mouse primary neuronal cells that were challenged with glutamate and hypoxic/aglycemic (H/A) conditions. We observed that 10nM biphalin, exerted a statistically significant neuroprotective effect after glutamate challenge, compared to all selective opioid agonists, according to lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and 3-(4, 5- dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays. Moreover, 10nM biphalin provided superior neuroprotection after H/A-reoxygenation compared to selective opioid agonists in all cases. Our in vitro investigations were supported by in vivo studies which indicate that the nonselective opioid agonist, biphalin, a...
Bangladesh Veterinarian, 2010
The effects of different sources of nitrogen on yield, chemical composition and nutritive value o... more The effects of different sources of nitrogen on yield, chemical composition and nutritive value of Dal grass (Hymenachne amplexicaulis) were measured. Control (T0) had no fertilizer; T1 was treated with urea - 240 kg N/ha; T2 with cow manure-25.8 tonnes (t)/ha; T3 with goat manure-13.2 t/ha; T4 with rabbit manure-7.6 t/ha and T5 with poultry manure-5.9 t/ha. All treatments provided the same amount of nitrogen. Experiment was conducted following completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications in each treatment. In the first cutting maximum green forage (33.3 & 31.1), dry matter (7.7 & 7.1) and organic matter (7.1 & 6.5) MT/ha were obtained (p<0.01) for the treatments of urea and poultry droppings. In second cutting, poultry manure showed higher value (p<0.01) than other treatments for green forage (27.8), dry matter (DM; 5.3), organic matter (OM; 4.9) and crude protein (CP; 0.6). In first cutting, urea showed higher DM (23.0) and EE (2.1) than other nitrogen sources. ...
Mohammad Anisul Islam, 2019
This research is based on cybercrime only. The governments across the world, police departments ... more This research is based on cybercrime only. The governments across the world, police departments and intelligence units have started to react to cybercrimes. This study provides an overview of cybercrime and examines awareness in different respondents on the issue of cybercrimes in Bangladesh as well as emphasizes the severity of the problem and the urgent need to limit its impact worldwide. It is pertinent to mention that without creating a precise legal framework enabling law-enforcement agencies to identify cyber offenders and prosecute them it is almost impossible to prevent cyber-attacks and cybercrimes in Bangladesh. Here also described the internet uses and its bad impact. The process of combating cybercrime is described here and the implementations of laws are shown in it. This thesis is totally based on laws of our country. It also focuses the lacings of our laws and how to solve this problem; it also described. How to combat cybercrime and by which way; it also mentioned here. Describe the combating system, which is mentioned in our Acts. What is the scenario of our country; also shown in this. Bangladesh is not capable to combat it now; it is proved in this research and the way of overcome from this is also mentioned. We have no any laws to combating cybercrime and why it is urgent to make it; also elaborate in this research.
The present technical protection measures in the prevention of cyber-crimes in the country there are many circles and cases wherein such technology is not available or failed or circumvented by a number of barriers. To remove all such obstacles, the existence of a proper legal frame-work is of great importance for recreating and maintaining cyber-security.
Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 2021
In this study, depth-wise concentration variations of twenty-five elements (Na, Al, K, Ca, Sc, Ti... more In this study, depth-wise concentration variations of twenty-five elements (Na, Al, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Zn, As, Sb, Cs, La, Ce, Sm, Eu, Dy, Yb, Lu, Hf, Th and U) and their contamination levels were studied using two sediment cores from two different Ranges of the Sundarbans mangrove forest, Bangladesh. It was observed that there was a decreasing trend in concentrations of most of the studied elements from surface to the deeper layers and the rate of concentration decrement at the core from Satkhira Range was less than that of the core from Chandpai Range, indicating a more anthropogenic effect on the Chandpai range near Mongla seaport area. Different pollution indices (I geo and EF) indicate that sediments of the Sundarbans are minor to moderately contaminated by As, Sb, Cs, REEs, Th and U. Therefore, this study suggests that proper steps should be taken to save the sensitive mangrove forest from elemental pollution.
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International, 2021
In the recent decades, peoples concentrate more on reduced-consumption of diets containing satura... more In the recent decades, peoples concentrate more on reduced-consumption of diets containing saturated fatty acids and replace them with essential polyunsaturated ones, including omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, due to their promising nutritional benefits. Therefore, the production of chicken meat having lower fat compositions, and riches in pro-healthy fatty acid and other macro-and micronutrients deserves great attention in the food industry. The research aimed to characterize meat oils of two commercially available, domestic and poultry, chickens in the Northern part of Bangladesh (Rajshahi), followed by the investigation of their nutritional compositions and hypoglycemic effect in vivo. In this work, the oil was isolated from the dried meat sources by Soxhlet extractor and purified using a rotary evaporator. We subsequently characterized meat oil in terms of various parameters, such as iodine value, saponification number, unsaponifiable matter, free fatty acid (FFA) contents, pero...
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2021
Background: Altered levels of serum glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and lipid profile are prevalent i... more Background: Altered levels of serum glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and lipid profile are prevalent in patients having type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM). Aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between serum HbA1c and lipid profile in T2DM to predict diabetic dyslipidemia.Methods: A structured questionnaire was filled up by each study subject to collect data according to study protocol including age, gender, BMI, BP, residential status, socio-economic status, educational status, physical activity, dietary habit, smoking and duration of diabetes. We collected blood samples from 270 type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients aged 30-65 years after overnight fasting (10-12 hours). Then blood samples collected from T2DM patients were used to measure serum levels of HbA1c, fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were estimated by standard laboratory methods.Results: In this study, increa...
Current Developments in Nutrition, 2021
Objectives Microbial contamination of complementary foods, which puts young children at risk of d... more Objectives Microbial contamination of complementary foods, which puts young children at risk of developing intestinal infections, could be reduced by improved handwashing and food hygiene practices. We quantify the effect of maternal food hygiene practices on complementary food contamination in order to identify food hygiene behaviors with the greatest impact in our study population. Methods We analyzed cross-sectional data on food hygiene practices and measured Escherichia coli counts as an indicator of microbial contamination in complementary food samples from 342 households of the Food and Agricultural Approaches to Reducing Malnutrition (FAARM) trial in Sylhet, Bangladesh. We used multivariable logistic regression to examine associations of maternal food hygiene behaviors with food contamination. Results About 46% of complementary food samples had detectable levels of Escherichia coli. Handwashing with soap at five critical times (OR: 0.7, 95% CI: 0.6 – 0.9), cleanliness of feed...
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2021
Safe drinking water is directly linked to good human health. An excessive amount of manganese (Mn... more Safe drinking water is directly linked to good human health. An excessive amount of manganese (Mn) in drinking water supplies causes people show symptoms of neurotoxicity. In this study, the level of Mn in potable water sourced from tube wells located in 9 (nine) districts of Bangladesh was monitored. In total 170 (one hundred and seventy) water samples were collected and Mn was quanti ed by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The levels of Mn found in the tube well water samples of Sirajganj,
Background: South Asia is a hotspot for antimicrobial resistance due largely to over-the-counter ... more Background: South Asia is a hotspot for antimicrobial resistance due largely to over-the-counter antibiotic sales for humans and animals, a lack of compliance with policy among healthcare providers, high population density and high infectious disease burden. This paper describes development of social and behavioural change communication (SBCC) to increase appropriate use of antibiotics. Methods: We used formative research to explore contextual drivers of antibiotic sales, purchase, consumption/use and promotion among four groups: 1) households, 2) drug shop staff, 3) qualified physicians and 4) pharmaceutical companies/medical representatives. We used formative research findings and an intervention design workshop with stakeholders to select target behaviours, to prioritize audiences and develop SBCC messages, in consultation with a creative agency, and through pilots and feedback. The behaviour change wheel was used to summarise findings. Results: Workshop participants identified b...
International Journal of Energy and Water Resources, 2020
For all living organisms on the planet Earth, safe drinking water is essential. Throughout the wo... more For all living organisms on the planet Earth, safe drinking water is essential. Throughout the world, millions of people such as those in Bangladesh utilize ground water sources like deep tubewells or shallow tubewells as sources for safe drinking water. In this study, drinking water supplies for people in rural communities are investigated in one arsenic-contaminated area, Narail Sadar, Bangladesh, for the purpose of ensuring safe potable water. Trace metals, namely arsenic, iron, manganese, cadmium, zinc and lead in the water of deep (n = 22) and shallow (n = 27) tubewells, were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer following APHA standard analytical methods. The examined parameters of water samples regarding the deep tubewell were found to have the following ranges: arsenic 2-145 µg/L; iron 80-6710 µg/L; manganese 8-80 µg/L; cadmium 1-8 µg/L; zinc 3-433 µg/L; and lead below the detection limit of 6 µg/L. In the shallow tubewell, the statistics were: arsenic 2-321 µg/L; iron 110-8670 µg/L; manganese 8-620 µg/L; cadmium 2-9 µg/L; zinc 3-81 µg/L; and lead below the detection limit of 6 µg/L. Drinking water quality of Narail Sadar does not satisfy the guidelines published by the World Health Organization or the government standards in Bangladesh. Deep tubewell water is comparatively less contaminated by arsenic and other trace metals than the shallow tubewell water, a finding based on the hazard quotient, carcinogenic risk and water quality index. Regular consumption of arsenic-contaminated water may accelerate chronic arsenic-related toxicity and subsequently endanger people's health.
Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies, 2018
Farmers' awareness about the hazards derived from climate change on boro rice production ... more Farmers' awareness about the hazards derived from climate change on boro rice production has been a central issue to reduce their crop loss in a sustainable way. In this study, farmers' awareness was measured on the basis of twelve adverse effects of climate change on boro rice production using a four point rating scale. Necessary data were collected through personal interview using a mixed method research design from 100 randomly selected haor farmers of four villages of Tahirpur and Bishwambarpur upazila under Sunamganj district during 20 March to 10 May, 2018. The findings revealed that an overwhelming majority (75 percent) of the haor farmers had conscious to stable awareness while 25 percent were unconsciously aware of the effects of climate change. On the other hand, results of correlation analysis indicated that some characteristics of haor farmers like age and family size had negative and statistically significant relationship while their education level, farm size, annual family income, communication exposure, agricultural training experience, perception on climate change had a positive and statistically significant relationship with their Original Research Article Uddin et al.; AJESS, 2(4): 1-7, 2018; Article no.AJESS.43953 2 awareness about the effects of climate change on boro rice production. The highest awareness level was reported against the effect of flash flood in haor areas while the haor farmers had lowest awareness on crop damage due to the excessive cloudy sky. The findings of this result can be utilized to develop a suitable policy for uplifting of socioeconomic status of the haor farmers and also guide to develop suitable strategies to secure boro rice production.
Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies, 2018
The main purpose of the study was to determine the extent of participation of the rural women in ... more The main purpose of the study was to determine the extent of participation of the rural women in homestead vegetable cultivation in two villages namely Esubpur and Noagaon of Bhunobir union of Sreemangal upazila under Moulvibazar district. Data were collected from randomly selected 100 rural women by using a pre-tested interview schedule during the period from 10 January to 22 February; 2018. The extent of participation was measured by using a five-point rating scale. Results revealed that, 75% of the respondent had medium participation in homestead vegetable cultivation as compared to 21% low participation and 4% high participation. Participation in irrigation and drainage among all other activities required for homestead gardening ranked first that might have an impact in boosting vegetable cultivation. Some socioeconomic characteristics of the respondent rural women like educational level, farm size, annual family income, cosmopoliteness, extension media contact, knowledge, attitude and training experience had a significant positive relationship with their extent of participation in homestead vegetable cultivation. Need-based training program depending on the varied socioeconomic background of rural women will help in boosting vegetable cultivation in the vegetable scarce Moulvibazar district, and rural women may find homestead gardening as the core income generating activity.
Frontiers in Microbiology, 2019
Third generation cephalosporins (3GC) are one of the main choices for treatment of infections cau... more Third generation cephalosporins (3GC) are one of the main choices for treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria. Due to their overuse, an increasing trend of resistance to 3GC has been observed in developing countries. Here, we describe fecal colonization of 3GC-resistant (3GCr) Escherichia coli in healthy infants (1-12 months old) living in rural areas of Bangladesh. We found that stool samples of 82% of infants (n = 100) were positive for 3GCr E. coli with a mean ± standard deviation of 6.21 ± 1.32 log 10 CFU/g wet weight of stool. 3GCr E. coli encompasses an average one third (33%) of the total E. coli of stool. Almost 77% (n = 63) of these 3GCr E. coli were MDR (or resistant to ≥3 classes of antibiotics). Around 90% (n = 74) of 3GCr E. coli were extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing in which bla CTX−M−group−1 was the predominant (96%, n = 71) ESBL-gene followed by bla TEM (41%, n = 30) and bla OXA−1 (11%, n = 8). A significant proportion (26.5%, n = 22) of 3GCr E. coli was pathogenic, comprising two types, enteroaggregative (EAEC, n = 19) and enteropathogenic (EPEC, n = 3). Colonization of 3GCr E. coli in infant guts was not associated with demographic characteristics such as age, sex, mode of delivery, maternal and infant antibiotic use, disease morbidity, and feeding practices. The high rate of colonization of 3GCr E. coli in infants' guts is a serious public health concern which needs immediate attention and warrants further studies to explore the cause.
Applied and environmental microbiology, Jan 12, 2018
Soils in household environments in low- and middle-income countries may play an important role in... more Soils in household environments in low- and middle-income countries may play an important role in the persistence, proliferation, and transmission of Our goal was to investigate the risk factors for detection, survival, and growth of in soils collected from household plots. was enumerated in soil and fecal samples from human, chicken, and cattle from 52 households in rural Bangladesh. Associations between concentrations in soil, household-level factors, and soil physicochemical characteristics were investigated. Susceptibility to 16 antibiotics and the presence of intestinal pathotypes were evaluated for 175 isolates. The growth and survival of in microcosms using soil collected from the households were also assessed. was isolated from 44.2% of the soil samples with an average of 1.95 log CFU/g dry soil. Soil moisture and clay content were associated with concentration in soil, whereas no household factor was significantly correlated. Antibiotic resistance and pathogenicity were com...
Innate immunity, Nov 29, 2016
Pulmonary alveolar macrophages (AMs) are important in defense against bacterial lung inflammation... more Pulmonary alveolar macrophages (AMs) are important in defense against bacterial lung inflammation. Cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14) is involved in recognizing bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) through MyD88-dependent and TRIF pathways of innate immunity. Sulforaphane (SFN) shows anti-inflammatory activity and suppresses DNA methylation. To identify CD14 epigenetic changes by SFN in the LPS-induced TRIF pathway, an AMs model was investigated in vitro CD14 gene expression was induced by 5 µg/ml LPS at the time point of 12 h and suppressed by 5 µM SFN. After 12 h of LPS stimulation, gene expression was significantly up-regulated, including TRIF, TRAF6, NF-κB, TRAF3, IRF7, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IFN-β. LPS-induced TRAM, TRIF, RIPK1, TRAF3, TNF-α, IL-1β and IFN-β were suppressed by 5 µM SFN. Similarly, DNMT3a expression was increased by LPS but significantly down-regulated by 5 µM SFN. It showed positive correlation of CD14 gene body methylation with in LPS-stimulated AMs, and this...
Journal of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Dec 31, 2012
The aim of this study is to assess and report trace metal contamination of water samples of Balu ... more The aim of this study is to assess and report trace metal contamination of water samples of Balu River, collected from four stations which was sampled every three months covering the upstream and downstream sites of major industrial area of Tajgaon of Dhaka city. The dissolve concentration Iron, Lead, Cadmium, Manganese, Cobalt, Nickel, Chromium, Zinc, Copper of water samples was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry and were found to range from 1.79 to 50.15 mg/L, <17.96 to 28.25 μg/L, <3.00 to 3.30 μg/L, 28.28 to 730.79 μg/L, <4.05 to 53.92 μg/L, <10.66 to 19.07 μg/L, <4.05 to 8.44 μg/L, 8.39 to 76.86 μg/L, and 3.81 to 19.99 μg/L. The observed concentrations of the metals varied between sampling sites and also in different season. Metal concentration was higher in the dry (March) than rainy season in most cases. The pollution level is within the limit of Bangladesh standard and below the Environmental Protection Agency and World Health Organization standard except Iron. From this study, it is clear that the water of this river is not an immediate threat to ecosystem but most of the parameters are higher than other rivers of Bangladesh and in future may cause a threat to ecosystem.
Jurnal Teknologi, 2015
Drilling and production of oil by semi submersible take place in many locations throughout the wo... more Drilling and production of oil by semi submersible take place in many locations throughout the world. Generally, floating structures play an important role in exploring the oil and gas from the sea. The force and motion prediction of offshore structures may be carried out using time domain or frequency domain models or model tests. In this paper the frequency domain analysis used because it is the simplified and linearized form of the equations of motion. The time domain analysis, unlike frequency domain models, is adequate to deal with non-linearities such as viscous damping and mooring forces, but it requires sophisticated solution techniques and it is expensive to employ. In this paper, the wave exciting forces of a free floating semi-submersible were carried out using 3D source distribution method within the scope of the linear wave theory. The results obtained from computations were also compared with the results obtained using commercial software MOSES and WAMIT.
Brain research, Jan 20, 2015
To meet the challenge of identification of new treatments for stroke, this study was designed to ... more To meet the challenge of identification of new treatments for stroke, this study was designed to evaluate a potent, nonselective opioid receptor (OR) agonist, biphalin, in comparison to subtype selective OR agonists, as a potential neuroprotective drug candidate using in vitro and in vivo models of ischemic stroke. Our in vitro approach included mouse primary neuronal cells that were challenged with glutamate and hypoxic/aglycemic (H/A) conditions. We observed that 10nM biphalin, exerted a statistically significant neuroprotective effect after glutamate challenge, compared to all selective opioid agonists, according to lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and 3-(4, 5- dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays. Moreover, 10nM biphalin provided superior neuroprotection after H/A-reoxygenation compared to selective opioid agonists in all cases. Our in vitro investigations were supported by in vivo studies which indicate that the nonselective opioid agonist, biphalin, a...
Bangladesh Veterinarian, 2010
The effects of different sources of nitrogen on yield, chemical composition and nutritive value o... more The effects of different sources of nitrogen on yield, chemical composition and nutritive value of Dal grass (Hymenachne amplexicaulis) were measured. Control (T0) had no fertilizer; T1 was treated with urea - 240 kg N/ha; T2 with cow manure-25.8 tonnes (t)/ha; T3 with goat manure-13.2 t/ha; T4 with rabbit manure-7.6 t/ha and T5 with poultry manure-5.9 t/ha. All treatments provided the same amount of nitrogen. Experiment was conducted following completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications in each treatment. In the first cutting maximum green forage (33.3 & 31.1), dry matter (7.7 & 7.1) and organic matter (7.1 & 6.5) MT/ha were obtained (p<0.01) for the treatments of urea and poultry droppings. In second cutting, poultry manure showed higher value (p<0.01) than other treatments for green forage (27.8), dry matter (DM; 5.3), organic matter (OM; 4.9) and crude protein (CP; 0.6). In first cutting, urea showed higher DM (23.0) and EE (2.1) than other nitrogen sources. ...