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Papers by Mohammad Shayannejad
According to the current water crisis and spend more than 94 percent of water in agriculture the ... more According to the current water crisis and spend more than 94 percent of water in agriculture the mechanized irrigation systems, and revised the actual plant water estimation are needed it is facilitate to predict rainfall in the growing season. In the design of irrigation systems should be
noted that the total rainfall occurred was not available for plant and part of the rainfall runoff and part of it penetrate to soil and only part of it that is called effective rainfall is able to disappear plant water stress and influence plant growing. In this study, the results of regression model
exponentially and based on field observations were compared with artificial neural networks (ANN). Its result showed more accuracy of mathematical and natural patterns (ANN) than pure mathematical patterns (regression). The use of neural networks in prediction of effective rainfall
leads to decrease the cost of irrigation systems and water consumption. It also leads to reduce from unprofessional comments and consequently the imposition of water stress on the plant and the product.
Infiltration is one of the most important factors of hydrology cycle. Deep percolation is the flo... more Infiltration is one of the most important factors of hydrology cycle. Deep percolation is the flowing of soil water by gravity below the effective depth of the root zone, that is an important factor in filling of groundwater and design of subsurface drainage. Deep percolation can be determined by taking field data to estimate soil water depletion using water balance equation. This method is very expensive and time consuming. The goal of this research was to quantify deep percolation due to irrigation with using a mathematical model. The input variables of this model are the effective parameters on deep percolation such as, bed slope, inflow rate and coefficients of soil infiltration. These variables were measured at 16 farms in Zayandehrood basin. Comparison between estimated and measured deep percolation showed that the model’s error percentage is 1.73%.
In order to study the sensitivity rate of autumnal wheat (Omid variety) to under irrigation, a fu... more In order to study the sensitivity rate of autumnal wheat (Omid variety) to under irrigation,
a fully random project was conducted in the research farm of the Shahrekord University, Iran
including 9 irrigation treatments and four replications. Irrigation treatments were applied form May
22, 2007 since before this data in Shahrekord, Iran there is no need to irrigation. Irrigation time was
when 50% of the soil (humidity in the treatment receiving full irrigation was discharged. This was
done through placing gypsum blocks in the root zone. Therefore the irrigation water depth was half of
the water retention capacity in the root zone. Based on the consumed water values and yield,
relation between percentage of yield decrease and percentage of water consumption was achieved.
Contrary to the Stewart’s relation, this relation was a nonlinear one. Based on these relations, for a
specific decrease of consumed water (ex 30%), yield decrease is about 3%. This finding indicates
that the Omid variety of wheat in Shahrekord, Iran shows little sensitivity to under irrigation.
Due to the enormous growth of new chemicals, especially polymer materials in construction project... more Due to the enormous growth of new chemicals, especially polymer materials in construction projects, and the importance and effectiveness of these new materials in poor soil stabilization, recently has closed chemistry and polymer sciences to civil science. The use of materials such as bitumen in stabilization of flowing and loose soil and using of polymer resins reflects the effect of these substances is very high on construction projects. Considering the importance of oil and polymer materials in soil stabilization, in this study performance of polymer materials and their comparison have been investigated. Oil materials such as bitumen can be used to stabilize the soil, and polymer resins such as polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl acetate, and also pointed polypropylene synthetic fiber can be considered as polymer materials. Bitumen foam is one of the fixative materials that obtain by adding water to hot bitumen, and is applicable to a wide range of stone materials. In addition to, polymer resins increase the burden go loose soils. Polymer fibers due to high durability and easy application and no problem at saturation conditions are highly regarded by civil engineers. Keywords: Soil stabilization, Bitumen, New chemical materials, Polymer resins
Due to the water crisis, wastewater reuse is an effective method in order to supply crop water re... more Due to the water crisis, wastewater reuse is an effective method in order to supply crop water requirements. In order to study the impact of treated and magnetic wastewater on the soil properties, this research was conducted in randomized complete block design with three irrigation treatments; including "wastewater", "magnetic wastewater" and "normal water" in four replications. Soil samples were taken from two surface and subsurface soil layers and at the upper and the downstream of each furrow. The results indicated that based on the amount of soil salinity, there was no significant difference between treatments statistically; however, considerable changes in the increasing of salinity were observed on subsurface layers in the magnetized wastewater treatment. This is probably due to the increasing salt portability of magnetized wastewater and accumulation of salts in the lower soil layer. The soil pH was also affected by wastewater and was decreased. However, magnetizing the wastewater had no considerable effect on soil pH.
In the drought crisis situation, one of the seeding and reliable sources for balancing the water ... more In the drought crisis situation, one of the seeding and reliable sources for balancing the water tables is the water obtained from run off of the sewage refinery. No doubt, recovery and optimal use of runoff from the sewage refinery is possible provided that simultaneously required standards and quality controls for both runoff and the groundwater are observed. In the Isfahan-Borkhar plain zone, two urban sewage refinery are active the runoff of which is disperse in the environment by agricultural activities and percolate into the water table. Qualitative and quantitative effect of run off percolation into the groundwater in this region has been investigated. Quantitative results indicate increase of the hydrostatic (water table) level at a rate of 1 to 20m and qualitative results indicate remaining quality of the groundwater in a relatively desired condition following feeding of water table with runoff.
Keywords : Runoff recovery, Sewage Refinery, Balancing, Water table, Isfahan-Borkhar Plain
Employment of delayed Rockfill dams without impermeable membrane is an appropriate tool for contr... more Employment of delayed Rockfill dams without impermeable membrane is an appropriate tool for controlling flood. For this purpose first hydraulic currents should be discerned from the Rockfill dams so that we can obtain the stage discharge relation for them. Secondly the unsteady currents in the open channels should be fully analyzed. This can be performed through solving the Saint-Venant equations. Since solving such equations, especially for a network of open channels with various cross sections is very complex and time-consuming, appropriate software should be used. N this research the HEC-RAS has been employed. Results obtained for the discharge-gauge relation of Rockfill dam is used in this software. Data required for employing this software include: blueprint of the network of channels, mapping results of various network sections, roughness coefficient of various network, distances between the mapped sections, and hydrograph of a definite flood, location and specifications of Rockfill dam or dams. Output of this software includes: water level profile and the inflow hydrographs at various points of the network and hydrograph of the outflow flood the Rockfill dam.
Keywords : Rockfill dam, Flood control, HES-RAS
Journal of Agricultural Science, 2009
ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Sofar much research has been done of flood routing through Muskingum linear... more ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Sofar much research has been done of flood routing through Muskingum linear and non-linear model and genetic algorithm. Study of changed specifications of river such as waterway slope, width and length of the river, and the river bed which lead to determination of its roughness coefficient, and their impacts of flood hydrograph and finally on nonlinear model coefficients, are importance. In this research, effect of modifications of width and length of the ricer on coefficients of the Muskingum nonlinear model employing the genetic algorithm has been investigated. Obtained results, indicates the presence of a logical relation between fluctuations of the river specifications and coefficients of this model that through increase of data, there will be a possibility of finding a mathematical relations for expressing such modifications as well.
According to the current water crisis and spend more than 94 percent of water in agriculture the ... more According to the current water crisis and spend more than 94 percent of water in agriculture the mechanized irrigation systems, and revised the actual plant water estimation are needed it is facilitate to predict rainfall in the growing season. In the design of irrigation systems should be
noted that the total rainfall occurred was not available for plant and part of the rainfall runoff and part of it penetrate to soil and only part of it that is called effective rainfall is able to disappear plant water stress and influence plant growing. In this study, the results of regression model
exponentially and based on field observations were compared with artificial neural networks (ANN). Its result showed more accuracy of mathematical and natural patterns (ANN) than pure mathematical patterns (regression). The use of neural networks in prediction of effective rainfall
leads to decrease the cost of irrigation systems and water consumption. It also leads to reduce from unprofessional comments and consequently the imposition of water stress on the plant and the product.
Infiltration is one of the most important factors of hydrology cycle. Deep percolation is the flo... more Infiltration is one of the most important factors of hydrology cycle. Deep percolation is the flowing of soil water by gravity below the effective depth of the root zone, that is an important factor in filling of groundwater and design of subsurface drainage. Deep percolation can be determined by taking field data to estimate soil water depletion using water balance equation. This method is very expensive and time consuming. The goal of this research was to quantify deep percolation due to irrigation with using a mathematical model. The input variables of this model are the effective parameters on deep percolation such as, bed slope, inflow rate and coefficients of soil infiltration. These variables were measured at 16 farms in Zayandehrood basin. Comparison between estimated and measured deep percolation showed that the model’s error percentage is 1.73%.
In order to study the sensitivity rate of autumnal wheat (Omid variety) to under irrigation, a fu... more In order to study the sensitivity rate of autumnal wheat (Omid variety) to under irrigation,
a fully random project was conducted in the research farm of the Shahrekord University, Iran
including 9 irrigation treatments and four replications. Irrigation treatments were applied form May
22, 2007 since before this data in Shahrekord, Iran there is no need to irrigation. Irrigation time was
when 50% of the soil (humidity in the treatment receiving full irrigation was discharged. This was
done through placing gypsum blocks in the root zone. Therefore the irrigation water depth was half of
the water retention capacity in the root zone. Based on the consumed water values and yield,
relation between percentage of yield decrease and percentage of water consumption was achieved.
Contrary to the Stewart’s relation, this relation was a nonlinear one. Based on these relations, for a
specific decrease of consumed water (ex 30%), yield decrease is about 3%. This finding indicates
that the Omid variety of wheat in Shahrekord, Iran shows little sensitivity to under irrigation.
Due to the enormous growth of new chemicals, especially polymer materials in construction project... more Due to the enormous growth of new chemicals, especially polymer materials in construction projects, and the importance and effectiveness of these new materials in poor soil stabilization, recently has closed chemistry and polymer sciences to civil science. The use of materials such as bitumen in stabilization of flowing and loose soil and using of polymer resins reflects the effect of these substances is very high on construction projects. Considering the importance of oil and polymer materials in soil stabilization, in this study performance of polymer materials and their comparison have been investigated. Oil materials such as bitumen can be used to stabilize the soil, and polymer resins such as polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl acetate, and also pointed polypropylene synthetic fiber can be considered as polymer materials. Bitumen foam is one of the fixative materials that obtain by adding water to hot bitumen, and is applicable to a wide range of stone materials. In addition to, polymer resins increase the burden go loose soils. Polymer fibers due to high durability and easy application and no problem at saturation conditions are highly regarded by civil engineers. Keywords: Soil stabilization, Bitumen, New chemical materials, Polymer resins
Due to the water crisis, wastewater reuse is an effective method in order to supply crop water re... more Due to the water crisis, wastewater reuse is an effective method in order to supply crop water requirements. In order to study the impact of treated and magnetic wastewater on the soil properties, this research was conducted in randomized complete block design with three irrigation treatments; including "wastewater", "magnetic wastewater" and "normal water" in four replications. Soil samples were taken from two surface and subsurface soil layers and at the upper and the downstream of each furrow. The results indicated that based on the amount of soil salinity, there was no significant difference between treatments statistically; however, considerable changes in the increasing of salinity were observed on subsurface layers in the magnetized wastewater treatment. This is probably due to the increasing salt portability of magnetized wastewater and accumulation of salts in the lower soil layer. The soil pH was also affected by wastewater and was decreased. However, magnetizing the wastewater had no considerable effect on soil pH.
In the drought crisis situation, one of the seeding and reliable sources for balancing the water ... more In the drought crisis situation, one of the seeding and reliable sources for balancing the water tables is the water obtained from run off of the sewage refinery. No doubt, recovery and optimal use of runoff from the sewage refinery is possible provided that simultaneously required standards and quality controls for both runoff and the groundwater are observed. In the Isfahan-Borkhar plain zone, two urban sewage refinery are active the runoff of which is disperse in the environment by agricultural activities and percolate into the water table. Qualitative and quantitative effect of run off percolation into the groundwater in this region has been investigated. Quantitative results indicate increase of the hydrostatic (water table) level at a rate of 1 to 20m and qualitative results indicate remaining quality of the groundwater in a relatively desired condition following feeding of water table with runoff.
Keywords : Runoff recovery, Sewage Refinery, Balancing, Water table, Isfahan-Borkhar Plain
Employment of delayed Rockfill dams without impermeable membrane is an appropriate tool for contr... more Employment of delayed Rockfill dams without impermeable membrane is an appropriate tool for controlling flood. For this purpose first hydraulic currents should be discerned from the Rockfill dams so that we can obtain the stage discharge relation for them. Secondly the unsteady currents in the open channels should be fully analyzed. This can be performed through solving the Saint-Venant equations. Since solving such equations, especially for a network of open channels with various cross sections is very complex and time-consuming, appropriate software should be used. N this research the HEC-RAS has been employed. Results obtained for the discharge-gauge relation of Rockfill dam is used in this software. Data required for employing this software include: blueprint of the network of channels, mapping results of various network sections, roughness coefficient of various network, distances between the mapped sections, and hydrograph of a definite flood, location and specifications of Rockfill dam or dams. Output of this software includes: water level profile and the inflow hydrographs at various points of the network and hydrograph of the outflow flood the Rockfill dam.
Keywords : Rockfill dam, Flood control, HES-RAS
Journal of Agricultural Science, 2009
ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Sofar much research has been done of flood routing through Muskingum linear... more ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Sofar much research has been done of flood routing through Muskingum linear and non-linear model and genetic algorithm. Study of changed specifications of river such as waterway slope, width and length of the river, and the river bed which lead to determination of its roughness coefficient, and their impacts of flood hydrograph and finally on nonlinear model coefficients, are importance. In this research, effect of modifications of width and length of the ricer on coefficients of the Muskingum nonlinear model employing the genetic algorithm has been investigated. Obtained results, indicates the presence of a logical relation between fluctuations of the river specifications and coefficients of this model that through increase of data, there will be a possibility of finding a mathematical relations for expressing such modifications as well.