Mohammed Jemal - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Mohammed Jemal
Journal of Chromatography A, 2011
To support toxicokinetic assessments, a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)... more To support toxicokinetic assessments, a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the quantification of BMS-790052 in rat, dog, monkey, rabbit and mouse K(2)EDTA plasma. The drug was isolated from buffered samples using ISOLUTE C8 96-well solid phase extraction (SPE) plates. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Waters Atlantis dC18 analytical column (2.1 mm × 50 mm, 5 μm) with detection accomplished using an API 4000 tandem mass spectrometer in positive ion electrospray and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The standard curves, which ranged from 5.00 to 2000 ng/mL for BMS-790052, were fitted to a 1/x(2) weighted linear regression model. The intra-assay precision (%CV) and inter-assay precision (%CV) were within 8.5%, and the assay accuracy (%Dev) was within ±7.1 for rat, dog, monkey, rabbit and mouse K(2)EDTA plasma. This accurate, precise, and selective SPE/LC-MS/MS method has been successfully applied to analyze several thousands of non-clinical study samples.
Aaps Journal, Oct 23, 2014
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 2007
ABSTRACT
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, Dec 28, 2010
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 1987
A fused silica capillary gas chromatographic method is presented for the determination of traces ... more A fused silica capillary gas chromatographic method is presented for the determination of traces of ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid (EDTA) in aqueous rinses of rubber stoppers of pharmaceutical vials after treatment with detergents containing EDTA. Isolation and enrichment of EDTA from the aqueous medium is achieved using a commercially available strong anion-exchange solid-phase extraction cartridge, transformed to the formate form. A 2.0-ml volume of methanolic HCl is used for both elution of EDTA from the extraction column and formation of the tetramethyl ester derivative. With the incorporation of a methanolic wash to eliminate interfering components prior to elution with methanolic HCl, a limit of detection of 25 ng EDTA per ml water with a non-selective flame ionization detector is possible.
Journal of electroanalytical chemistry and interfacial electrochemistry, 1979
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 2003
Selective, accurate, and reproducible liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) m... more Selective, accurate, and reproducible liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) methods were developed and validated for the determination of mevalonic acid, an intermediate in the biosynthesis of cholesterol and therefore a useful biomarker in the development of cholesterol lowering drugs, in human plasma and urine. A hepta‐deuterated analog of mevalonic acid was used as the internal standard. For both methods, calibration standards were prepared in water, instead of human plasma and urine, due to unacceptably high levels of endogenous mevalonic acid. The lower quality control (QC) samples were prepared in water while the higher QC samples were prepared in the biological matrices. For the isolation/purification of mevalonic acid from the plasma and urine matrices, the samples were first acidified to convert the acid analyte into its lactone form. For the plasma samples, the lactone analyte was retained on and then eluted off a polymeric solid‐phase extraction (SPE) sorbent. For the urine method, the sample containing the lactone analyte was passed through a C‐18 SPE column, which did not retain the analyte, with the subsequent analyte retention on and then elution off a polymeric SPE sorbent. Chromatographic separation was achieved isocratically on a polar‐endcapped C‐18 analytical column with a water/methanol mobile phase containing 0.5 mM formic acid. Detection was by negative‐ion electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. The standard curve range was 0.500–20.0 ng/mL for the plasma method and 25.0–1000 ng/mL for the urine method. Excellent accuracy and precision were obtained for both methods at all concentration levels tested. It was interesting to note that for certain batches of urine, when a larger sample volume was used for analysis, a high degree of matrix effect was observed which resulted not only in the attenuation of the absolute response, but also in a change of analyte/internal standard response ratio. This demonstrated that, under certain conditions, the use of a stable isotope analog internal standard does not, contrary to conventional thinking, guarantee the constancy of the analyte/internal response ratio, which is a prerequisite for a rugged bioanalytical method. On the other hand, under conditions where the sample matrix does not have such a deleterious effect, we have found that a stable isotope analog could serve as a surrogate (substitute) analyte. Thus, we have shown that using calibration standards prepared by spiking plasma with tri‐deuterated or tetra‐deuterated mevalonic acid, instead of mevalonic acid itself (the analyte), plasma QC samples that contain mevalonic acid can be successfully analyzed for the accurate and precise quantitation of mevalonic acid. The use of a surrogate analyte provides the opportunity to gauge the daily performance of the method for the low concentration levels prepared in the biological matrix, which otherwise is not achievable because of the endogenous concentrations of the analyte in the biological matrices. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications, Mar 1, 2000
A sensitive, specific, accurate and reproducible LC–MS–MS method was developed and validated for ... more A sensitive, specific, accurate and reproducible LC–MS–MS method was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantitation of the prodrug fosinopril and its active drug fosinoprilat in human serum. The method employed acidification of the serum samples to ...
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, Jan 15, 1999
Abstract During method development for the quantitative determination of a compound in human plas... more Abstract During method development for the quantitative determination of a compound in human plasma by electrospray high performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) we found that the positive ion electrospray response of the compound was ...
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, Jun 30, 2000
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, Dec 15, 1998
The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, Feb 1, 1999
Drug Metabolism and Disposition, 2006
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 2000
Because of the potential in-source conversion between a lactone and the corresponding hydroxy aci... more Because of the potential in-source conversion between a lactone and the corresponding hydroxy acid, it has been recognized that a liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometric (LC/MS/MS) method developed for quantitation of a lactone drug in the presence of its hydroxy acid metabolite (or vice versa) must incorporate chromatographic separation between the two compounds, unless in-source conversion between the two compounds has been eliminated by the appropriate selection of the LC/MS/MS parameters. We now report that chromatographic separation between a lactone and its hydroxy acid will be required under certain LC/MS/MS conditions used even in the absence of in-source conversion. This is due to the fact that the 18-mass-unit difference between a lactone and its hydroxy acid is, by coincidence, different by only one mass unit from the 17-mass-unit difference between the [M + H](+) and [M + NH(4)](+) ions of the lactone or the hydroxy acid. Thus, the [M + H](+) ion of a hydroxy acid is higher than the [M + NH(4)](+) ion of its lactone by only one mass unit. Therefore, in a method developed for quantitation of a hydroxy acid drug utilizing a selected-ion-monitoring (SRM) scheme that incorporates its [M + H](+) ion as the precursor ion, the quantitation would be inaccurate due to the interference by the contribution of the A + 1 isotope response from the [M + NH(4)](+) ion of the lactone metabolite present in the sample, unless there is a chromatographic separation between the two compounds. This is true even if Q1 is operated under a unit-mass resolution. The implication of this type of interference, arising from the presence of both the [M + H](+) and [M + NH(4)](+) ions of a drug and its metabolite, to the selection of LC and MS conditions (including mass resolution) will be discussed using the data obtained with a model lactone drug and its hydroxy acid metabolite.
Biological Mass Spectrometry, 1987
An automated capillary column gas chromatography electron-impact mass selective detection method ... more An automated capillary column gas chromatography electron-impact mass selective detection method has been developed for the determination of a major tranquilizing agent, fluphenazine. Using a new purification method and incorporating a deuterated internal reference, a limit of quantitation of 50 pg per ml of plasma was obtained.
Chemical Research in Toxicology, 2011
ARTICLE between total cholesterol and 4βHC (and 4RHC) concentrations in vivo also warrants furthe... more ARTICLE between total cholesterol and 4βHC (and 4RHC) concentrations in vivo also warrants further investigation. The highly accurate, precise, and robust method described here provides investigators with the opportunity for rigorous assessment of 4βHC as a P450 3A metric.
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 1999
Four sensitive, specific and accurate methods, based on high-performance liquid chromatography (H... more Four sensitive, specific and accurate methods, based on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with positive ion electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) coupled with liquid-Liquid extraction (LLE), have been developed and validated for the low-picogram determination of two drug candidates and a metabolite (compounds I-III) in human, monkey and rat plasma. In the LLE procedure, hexane or a mixture of hexane and methyl t-butyl ether was used to isolate these compounds from plasma of the different species after basification of each biological sample with sodium carbonate. The reconstituted extracts were then injected into a positive ion electrospray LC/MS/MS system for the quantitative analysis. The lower limit of quantitation of the methods ranged from 20 to 200 pg/mL. The use of hexane for the LLE proved to be simple, rapid and reproducible, and provided very clean extracts with little interference. The inter- and intra-day precision for the four methods was within 9%, and the accuracy was in the range 94-107%. The effect of pH on the isomerization of I (E-isomer) to its Z-isomer (II) showed that the rate of isomerization increased with decrease in pH and that there was no isomerization at pH >/=6.
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 2003
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, Jun 30, 2000
Liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry allows identification of dansylated b... more Liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry allows identification of dansylated basic amino acids and polyamines with a high degree of specificity, including unambiguous acid and 2-hydroxycadaverine, and N'-and N8-acetylspermidine. In favorable cases, characteristic fragmentation mechanisms permit identification even in the absence of authentic reference compounds. The method readily identified acetyldiaminopropane, citrulline, and diacetylspermine as meta'bolic products of Erwinia amylovora.
Journal of Chromatography A, 2011
To support toxicokinetic assessments, a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)... more To support toxicokinetic assessments, a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the quantification of BMS-790052 in rat, dog, monkey, rabbit and mouse K(2)EDTA plasma. The drug was isolated from buffered samples using ISOLUTE C8 96-well solid phase extraction (SPE) plates. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Waters Atlantis dC18 analytical column (2.1 mm × 50 mm, 5 μm) with detection accomplished using an API 4000 tandem mass spectrometer in positive ion electrospray and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The standard curves, which ranged from 5.00 to 2000 ng/mL for BMS-790052, were fitted to a 1/x(2) weighted linear regression model. The intra-assay precision (%CV) and inter-assay precision (%CV) were within 8.5%, and the assay accuracy (%Dev) was within ±7.1 for rat, dog, monkey, rabbit and mouse K(2)EDTA plasma. This accurate, precise, and selective SPE/LC-MS/MS method has been successfully applied to analyze several thousands of non-clinical study samples.
Aaps Journal, Oct 23, 2014
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 2007
ABSTRACT
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, Dec 28, 2010
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 1987
A fused silica capillary gas chromatographic method is presented for the determination of traces ... more A fused silica capillary gas chromatographic method is presented for the determination of traces of ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid (EDTA) in aqueous rinses of rubber stoppers of pharmaceutical vials after treatment with detergents containing EDTA. Isolation and enrichment of EDTA from the aqueous medium is achieved using a commercially available strong anion-exchange solid-phase extraction cartridge, transformed to the formate form. A 2.0-ml volume of methanolic HCl is used for both elution of EDTA from the extraction column and formation of the tetramethyl ester derivative. With the incorporation of a methanolic wash to eliminate interfering components prior to elution with methanolic HCl, a limit of detection of 25 ng EDTA per ml water with a non-selective flame ionization detector is possible.
Journal of electroanalytical chemistry and interfacial electrochemistry, 1979
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 2003
Selective, accurate, and reproducible liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) m... more Selective, accurate, and reproducible liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) methods were developed and validated for the determination of mevalonic acid, an intermediate in the biosynthesis of cholesterol and therefore a useful biomarker in the development of cholesterol lowering drugs, in human plasma and urine. A hepta‐deuterated analog of mevalonic acid was used as the internal standard. For both methods, calibration standards were prepared in water, instead of human plasma and urine, due to unacceptably high levels of endogenous mevalonic acid. The lower quality control (QC) samples were prepared in water while the higher QC samples were prepared in the biological matrices. For the isolation/purification of mevalonic acid from the plasma and urine matrices, the samples were first acidified to convert the acid analyte into its lactone form. For the plasma samples, the lactone analyte was retained on and then eluted off a polymeric solid‐phase extraction (SPE) sorbent. For the urine method, the sample containing the lactone analyte was passed through a C‐18 SPE column, which did not retain the analyte, with the subsequent analyte retention on and then elution off a polymeric SPE sorbent. Chromatographic separation was achieved isocratically on a polar‐endcapped C‐18 analytical column with a water/methanol mobile phase containing 0.5 mM formic acid. Detection was by negative‐ion electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. The standard curve range was 0.500–20.0 ng/mL for the plasma method and 25.0–1000 ng/mL for the urine method. Excellent accuracy and precision were obtained for both methods at all concentration levels tested. It was interesting to note that for certain batches of urine, when a larger sample volume was used for analysis, a high degree of matrix effect was observed which resulted not only in the attenuation of the absolute response, but also in a change of analyte/internal standard response ratio. This demonstrated that, under certain conditions, the use of a stable isotope analog internal standard does not, contrary to conventional thinking, guarantee the constancy of the analyte/internal response ratio, which is a prerequisite for a rugged bioanalytical method. On the other hand, under conditions where the sample matrix does not have such a deleterious effect, we have found that a stable isotope analog could serve as a surrogate (substitute) analyte. Thus, we have shown that using calibration standards prepared by spiking plasma with tri‐deuterated or tetra‐deuterated mevalonic acid, instead of mevalonic acid itself (the analyte), plasma QC samples that contain mevalonic acid can be successfully analyzed for the accurate and precise quantitation of mevalonic acid. The use of a surrogate analyte provides the opportunity to gauge the daily performance of the method for the low concentration levels prepared in the biological matrix, which otherwise is not achievable because of the endogenous concentrations of the analyte in the biological matrices. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications, Mar 1, 2000
A sensitive, specific, accurate and reproducible LC–MS–MS method was developed and validated for ... more A sensitive, specific, accurate and reproducible LC–MS–MS method was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantitation of the prodrug fosinopril and its active drug fosinoprilat in human serum. The method employed acidification of the serum samples to ...
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, Jan 15, 1999
Abstract During method development for the quantitative determination of a compound in human plas... more Abstract During method development for the quantitative determination of a compound in human plasma by electrospray high performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) we found that the positive ion electrospray response of the compound was ...
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, Jun 30, 2000
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, Dec 15, 1998
The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, Feb 1, 1999
Drug Metabolism and Disposition, 2006
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 2000
Because of the potential in-source conversion between a lactone and the corresponding hydroxy aci... more Because of the potential in-source conversion between a lactone and the corresponding hydroxy acid, it has been recognized that a liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometric (LC/MS/MS) method developed for quantitation of a lactone drug in the presence of its hydroxy acid metabolite (or vice versa) must incorporate chromatographic separation between the two compounds, unless in-source conversion between the two compounds has been eliminated by the appropriate selection of the LC/MS/MS parameters. We now report that chromatographic separation between a lactone and its hydroxy acid will be required under certain LC/MS/MS conditions used even in the absence of in-source conversion. This is due to the fact that the 18-mass-unit difference between a lactone and its hydroxy acid is, by coincidence, different by only one mass unit from the 17-mass-unit difference between the [M + H](+) and [M + NH(4)](+) ions of the lactone or the hydroxy acid. Thus, the [M + H](+) ion of a hydroxy acid is higher than the [M + NH(4)](+) ion of its lactone by only one mass unit. Therefore, in a method developed for quantitation of a hydroxy acid drug utilizing a selected-ion-monitoring (SRM) scheme that incorporates its [M + H](+) ion as the precursor ion, the quantitation would be inaccurate due to the interference by the contribution of the A + 1 isotope response from the [M + NH(4)](+) ion of the lactone metabolite present in the sample, unless there is a chromatographic separation between the two compounds. This is true even if Q1 is operated under a unit-mass resolution. The implication of this type of interference, arising from the presence of both the [M + H](+) and [M + NH(4)](+) ions of a drug and its metabolite, to the selection of LC and MS conditions (including mass resolution) will be discussed using the data obtained with a model lactone drug and its hydroxy acid metabolite.
Biological Mass Spectrometry, 1987
An automated capillary column gas chromatography electron-impact mass selective detection method ... more An automated capillary column gas chromatography electron-impact mass selective detection method has been developed for the determination of a major tranquilizing agent, fluphenazine. Using a new purification method and incorporating a deuterated internal reference, a limit of quantitation of 50 pg per ml of plasma was obtained.
Chemical Research in Toxicology, 2011
ARTICLE between total cholesterol and 4βHC (and 4RHC) concentrations in vivo also warrants furthe... more ARTICLE between total cholesterol and 4βHC (and 4RHC) concentrations in vivo also warrants further investigation. The highly accurate, precise, and robust method described here provides investigators with the opportunity for rigorous assessment of 4βHC as a P450 3A metric.
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 1999
Four sensitive, specific and accurate methods, based on high-performance liquid chromatography (H... more Four sensitive, specific and accurate methods, based on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with positive ion electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) coupled with liquid-Liquid extraction (LLE), have been developed and validated for the low-picogram determination of two drug candidates and a metabolite (compounds I-III) in human, monkey and rat plasma. In the LLE procedure, hexane or a mixture of hexane and methyl t-butyl ether was used to isolate these compounds from plasma of the different species after basification of each biological sample with sodium carbonate. The reconstituted extracts were then injected into a positive ion electrospray LC/MS/MS system for the quantitative analysis. The lower limit of quantitation of the methods ranged from 20 to 200 pg/mL. The use of hexane for the LLE proved to be simple, rapid and reproducible, and provided very clean extracts with little interference. The inter- and intra-day precision for the four methods was within 9%, and the accuracy was in the range 94-107%. The effect of pH on the isomerization of I (E-isomer) to its Z-isomer (II) showed that the rate of isomerization increased with decrease in pH and that there was no isomerization at pH >/=6.
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 2003
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, Jun 30, 2000
Liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry allows identification of dansylated b... more Liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry allows identification of dansylated basic amino acids and polyamines with a high degree of specificity, including unambiguous acid and 2-hydroxycadaverine, and N'-and N8-acetylspermidine. In favorable cases, characteristic fragmentation mechanisms permit identification even in the absence of authentic reference compounds. The method readily identified acetyldiaminopropane, citrulline, and diacetylspermine as meta'bolic products of Erwinia amylovora.