Mohammed Mohsin - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Mohammed Mohsin
Research in Education, 1997
Gender difference in the arithmetical knowledge of children in Bangladesh Like other social, cult... more Gender difference in the arithmetical knowledge of children in Bangladesh Like other social, cultural, economic and educational activities gender differentiation in mathematics is well established. As mathematics is vital to employment, and is also one of the fundamentals of science, everyone should have the same opportunity to learn and achieve in mathematics. Different studies have shown that, on average, girls do not score as high as boys do in mathematics tests (
Public Health, 1997
This article explores the relationship between selected socio-economic factors and health knowled... more This article explores the relationship between selected socio-economic factors and health knowledge of children in Bangladesh. Data was generated from a representative sample survey of 2520 children aged 11–12 y and resident throughout the country. A total of six health knowledge items, all of which are very relevant to Bangladesh, were assessed in this study. Both bivariate and multivariate analysis
Journal of Biosocial Science, 1996
SummaryThe effects of selected socioeconomic factors on basic competencies of children in Banglad... more SummaryThe effects of selected socioeconomic factors on basic competencies of children in Bangladesh were studied using primary data on 2520 children from all over the country. The residence of the child, years of schooling, parental education and economic status of the household were found to be important determinants of basic competencies of children.
Building Resilience at Universities: Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 2021
Aim: To investigate the prevalence of asymptomatic hyperuricemia in Qatar and to examine its asso... more Aim: To investigate the prevalence of asymptomatic hyperuricemia in Qatar and to examine its association with changes in markers of dyslipidemia, prediabetes and subclinical inflammation. Methods: A cross-sectional study of young adult participants aged 18 - 40 years old devoid of comorbidities. Exposure was defined as uric acid level, and outcomes were defined as levels of different blood markers. De-identified data were collected from Qatar BioBank. T-tests, correlation tests and multiple linear regression were all used to investigate the effects of hyperuricemia on blood markers. Statistical analyses were conducted using STATA 16. Results: The prevalence of asymptomatic hyperuricemia is 21.2% among young adults in Qatar. Differences between hyperuricemic and normouricemic groups were observed using multiple linear regression analysis and found to be statistically and clinically significant after adjusting for age, gender, BMI, smoking and exercise. Significant associations were f...
Background: Research into menstrual hygiene management (MHM) has been mainly based on menstruatio... more Background: Research into menstrual hygiene management (MHM) has been mainly based on menstruation-related knowledge and practices of women and girls in the mainstream Bangladeshi society; socially disadvantaged groups, such as the Bihari refugee women, have largely been ignored. Purpose: This study aims to assess knowledge and practices about MHM among Bihari women in the Mohammadpur Geneva Camp in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methods: In 2017, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among Bihari women and girls by the trained interviewers using a structured questionnaire. The purposive sampling was applied to select 160 Bihari women aged between 15 and 49. Data were entered, cleaned, and analyses using SPSS software. Both univariate and bivariate analyses were undertaken to examine knowledge and MHM-related practices with a significance level of p<0.01. Results: Overall, most women (59.4%) had low knowledge about menstruation. More than one-quarter (27.0%) used disposable sanitary napkins. The Bihari women who did not use sanitary pads (73%) reported that they used old disposable clothes (59.83%), reusable cloths (25.64%), cotton (9.40%), or toilet tissue paper (4.27%). Around two-thirds of the women (68.0%) performed special baths and 36.9% followed socio-cultural taboos during menstruation. The bivariate analyses revealed that higher menstruation knowledge was associated with higher use of disposable sanitary napkins (low knowledge: 18.9%, high knowledge: 38.5%; p<0.01). Conclusions: The findings suggest that it is imperative for Bihari women to have adequate and appropriate menstruation knowledge so that they can maintain good menstrual hygiene practices. The findings highlight challenges experienced by the refugee women in maintaining MHM and can be used to improve women's reproductive health and well-being and reduce the risk of reproductive tract infections (RTI) among socially disadvantaged women.
I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Suman Katragadda entitled “Multivariate
International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 2021
Background: Pharmacovigilance (PV) is an important tool in generating adverse drug reaction (ADR)... more Background: Pharmacovigilance (PV) is an important tool in generating adverse drug reaction (ADR) data. However, the practice of PV is still very low among health care professionals due to lack of knowledge and awareness. This study was conducted to assess the level of knowledge, awareness and practice of PV among health care professionals and to assess subsequent change in these after PV training session.Methods: A cross sectional questionnaire based study was conducted among health care professionals of a tertiary health care and teaching institute. Participants were given a questionnaire. They completed it before and after undergoing training programme in PV. Impact of effectiveness of educational intervention (continuing medical education-CME (pharmacovigilance workshop) was evaluated by paired t-test.Results: Out of 110 participants, 96 participants completely filled the questionnaire before and after the educational intervention (CME). CME on PV was found to increase knowledg...
Indian Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 2021
Background: The Global disease (COVID-19 pandemic) has impacted our lives in various ways. Online... more Background: The Global disease (COVID-19 pandemic) has impacted our lives in various ways. Online teaching is the strange routine for studying platforms to continue with the process of educating students, Online classes have become a key component in the continuity of education. Aims: 1. This study aims to rank the usefulness of online teaching compared to classroom conventional teaching 2. Socioeconomic parameters related to online teaching in a medical college Study Design: The study is a cross-sectional study done on medical students. A questionnaire was prepared listing the various ways in which they discern online teaching trying to cope up during the pandemic. Materials and Methods: After the institutional Ethics committee clearance, online cross-sectional study was done on the medical students where from the 2 n d and 3 r d year. This online survey was done between 10 t h May 2021-10 t h June 2021, A total number of 211 students participated out of 250, after completion of 18 months of online classes. A Set of 15 self-designed questionnaire based on 5 point Likert scale was given to the students to rank the effectiveness through online class usefulness levels and satisfaction levels on various parameters. Students were also asked about the demographic factors. Statistical Analysis: The data was analyzed using software SPSS software Results: The study results shows that online classes is less helpful in five parameters and equally helpful in five parameters but was not at all superior to conventional methods, we can come to the interpretation that students think that classroom teaching cannot be replaced by online teaching. Conclusions: We can conclude that online studies can only be a supplement and cannot be an alternate for the established order of learning This is an Open Access (OA) journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
BMC health services research, Feb 17, 2018
The main objective of this methodological manuscript was to illustrate the role of using qualitat... more The main objective of this methodological manuscript was to illustrate the role of using qualitative research in emergency settings. We outline rigorous criteria applied to a qualitative study assessing perceptions and experiences of staff working in Australian emergency departments. We used an integrated mixed-methodology framework to identify different perspectives and experiences of emergency department staff during the implementation of a time target government policy. The qualitative study comprised interviews from 119 participants across 16 hospitals. The interviews were conducted in 2015-2016 and the data were managed using NVivo version 11. We conducted the analysis in three stages, namely: conceptual framework, comparison and contrast and hypothesis development. We concluded with the implementation of the four-dimension criteria (credibility, dependability, confirmability and transferability) to assess the robustness of the study, RESULTS: We adapted four-dimension criteria...
Advances in peritoneal dialysis. Conference on Peritoneal Dialysis, 2005
In the present study, we analyzed the short-term outcome of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dial... more In the present study, we analyzed the short-term outcome of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD) in a group of elderly Bangladeshi patients with diabetes. Over a period of 2 years, we tracked various parameters in 60 patients on maintenance dialysis (25 on PD, 35 on HD). Mean age of the patients was 62 +/- 12 years (PD) and 57 +/- 8 years (HD), p < 0.03. Pre-dialysis systolic blood pressures (SBP) were 156 +/- 12 mmHg and 160 +/- 15 mmHg, and diastolic blood pressures (DBP) were 86 +/- 7 mmHg and 84 +/- 6 mmHg, both p = nonsignificant (NS). Pre-dialysis serum creatinine (SCr) levels were 1036 +/- 139 micromol/L and 1028 +/- 408 micromol/L, and daily urine volumes (UV) were 1.1 -/+ 0.4 L and 1 +/- 0.1 L, both also p=NS. At the end of the 2 years, durations of dialysis were 14 +/- 8 months (PD) and 13 +/- 12 months (HD), p=NS; SBPs were 142 +/- 15 mmHg and 155 +/- 18 mmHg, p < 0.004; DBPs were 81 +/- 6 mmHg and 80 +/- 7 mmHg, p=NS; and SCr levels ...
International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms, 2011
Australian Health Review, 1998
This study explores the association between selected socioeconomic characteristics ofemergency pa... more This study explores the association between selected socioeconomic characteristics ofemergency patients with waiting times in emergency departments and walk-outs (thosewho did not wait for treatment) in South Western Sydney Area Health Servicehospital emergency departments. Bivariate and multivariate analyses indicated thatwaiting times to see a doctor and walk-out rates varied by age, sex, country of birth,insurance status, socioeconomic status, severity of patient illness and day of arrival.Patients who were female, from a non-English-speaking background, self-referred,uninsured and those from lower socioeconomic status showed significantly longerwaiting times than others. Patients who left emergency departments without treatmentshowed higher waiting times from arrival to triage than other groups. This appliedacross socioeconomic categories. These findings indicate that prolonged waiting timesfor triage, which occur at the busiest periods, may be one of the main indicators forpati...
BMC Family Practice, 2010
Background: Depressive symptoms, intimate partner violence and hazardous drinking are common amon... more Background: Depressive symptoms, intimate partner violence and hazardous drinking are common among patients attending general practice. Despite the high prevalence of these three problems; the relationship between them remains relatively unexplored. Methods: This paper explores the association between depressive symptoms, ever being afraid of a partner and hazardous drinking using cross-sectional screening data from 7667 randomly selected patients from a large primary care cohort study of 30 metropolitan and rural general practices in Victoria, Australia. The screening postal survey included the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, the Fast Alcohol Screening Test and a screening question from the Composite Abuse Scale on ever being afraid of any intimate partner. Results: 23.9% met criteria for depressive symptoms. A higher proportion of females than males (20.8% vs. 7.6%) reported ever being afraid of a partner during their lifetime (OR 3.2, 95%CI 2.5 to 4.0) and a lower proportion of females (12%) than males (25%) were hazardous drinkers (OR 0.4; 95%CI 0.4 to 0.5); and a higher proportion of females than males (20.8% vs. 7.6%) reported ever being afraid of a partner during their lifetime (OR 3.2, 95%CI 2.5 to 4.0). Men and women who had ever been afraid of a partner or who were hazardous drinkers had on average higher depressive symptom scores than those who had never been afraid or who were not hazardous drinkers. There was a stronger association between depressive symptoms and ever been afraid of a partner compared to hazardous drinking for both males (ever afraid of partner; Diff 6.87; 95% CI 5.42, 8.33; p < 0.001 vs. hazardous drinking in last year; Diff 1.07, 95% CI 0.21, 1.94; p = 0.015) and females (ever afraid of partner; Diff 5.26; 95% CI 4.55, 5.97; p < 0.001 vs. hazardous drinking in last year; Diff 2.23, 95% CI 1.35, 3.11; p < 0.001), even after adjusting for age group, income, employment status, marital status, living alone and education level. Conclusions: Strategies to assist primary care doctors to recognise and manage intimate partner violence and hazardous drinking in patients with depression may lead to better outcomes from management of depression in primary care.
Australian Health Review, 1998
This study explores the association between selected socioeconomic characteristics ofemergency pa... more This study explores the association between selected socioeconomic characteristics ofemergency patients with waiting times in emergency departments and walk-outs (thosewho did not wait for treatment) in South Western Sydney Area Health Servicehospital emergency departments. Bivariate and multivariate analyses indicated thatwaiting times to see a doctor and walk-out rates varied by age, sex, country of birth,insurance status, socioeconomic status, severity of patient illness and day of arrival.Patients who were female, from a non-English-speaking background, self-referred,uninsured and those from lower socioeconomic status showed significantly longerwaiting times than others. Patients who left emergency departments without treatmentshowed higher waiting times from arrival to triage than other groups. This appliedacross socioeconomic categories. These findings indicate that prolonged waiting timesfor triage, which occur at the busiest periods, may be one of the main indicators forpati...
Research in Education, 1997
Gender difference in the arithmetical knowledge of children in Bangladesh Like other social, cult... more Gender difference in the arithmetical knowledge of children in Bangladesh Like other social, cultural, economic and educational activities gender differentiation in mathematics is well established. As mathematics is vital to employment, and is also one of the fundamentals of science, everyone should have the same opportunity to learn and achieve in mathematics. Different studies have shown that, on average, girls do not score as high as boys do in mathematics tests (
Public Health, 1997
This article explores the relationship between selected socio-economic factors and health knowled... more This article explores the relationship between selected socio-economic factors and health knowledge of children in Bangladesh. Data was generated from a representative sample survey of 2520 children aged 11–12 y and resident throughout the country. A total of six health knowledge items, all of which are very relevant to Bangladesh, were assessed in this study. Both bivariate and multivariate analysis
Journal of Biosocial Science, 1996
SummaryThe effects of selected socioeconomic factors on basic competencies of children in Banglad... more SummaryThe effects of selected socioeconomic factors on basic competencies of children in Bangladesh were studied using primary data on 2520 children from all over the country. The residence of the child, years of schooling, parental education and economic status of the household were found to be important determinants of basic competencies of children.
Building Resilience at Universities: Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 2021
Aim: To investigate the prevalence of asymptomatic hyperuricemia in Qatar and to examine its asso... more Aim: To investigate the prevalence of asymptomatic hyperuricemia in Qatar and to examine its association with changes in markers of dyslipidemia, prediabetes and subclinical inflammation. Methods: A cross-sectional study of young adult participants aged 18 - 40 years old devoid of comorbidities. Exposure was defined as uric acid level, and outcomes were defined as levels of different blood markers. De-identified data were collected from Qatar BioBank. T-tests, correlation tests and multiple linear regression were all used to investigate the effects of hyperuricemia on blood markers. Statistical analyses were conducted using STATA 16. Results: The prevalence of asymptomatic hyperuricemia is 21.2% among young adults in Qatar. Differences between hyperuricemic and normouricemic groups were observed using multiple linear regression analysis and found to be statistically and clinically significant after adjusting for age, gender, BMI, smoking and exercise. Significant associations were f...
Background: Research into menstrual hygiene management (MHM) has been mainly based on menstruatio... more Background: Research into menstrual hygiene management (MHM) has been mainly based on menstruation-related knowledge and practices of women and girls in the mainstream Bangladeshi society; socially disadvantaged groups, such as the Bihari refugee women, have largely been ignored. Purpose: This study aims to assess knowledge and practices about MHM among Bihari women in the Mohammadpur Geneva Camp in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methods: In 2017, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among Bihari women and girls by the trained interviewers using a structured questionnaire. The purposive sampling was applied to select 160 Bihari women aged between 15 and 49. Data were entered, cleaned, and analyses using SPSS software. Both univariate and bivariate analyses were undertaken to examine knowledge and MHM-related practices with a significance level of p<0.01. Results: Overall, most women (59.4%) had low knowledge about menstruation. More than one-quarter (27.0%) used disposable sanitary napkins. The Bihari women who did not use sanitary pads (73%) reported that they used old disposable clothes (59.83%), reusable cloths (25.64%), cotton (9.40%), or toilet tissue paper (4.27%). Around two-thirds of the women (68.0%) performed special baths and 36.9% followed socio-cultural taboos during menstruation. The bivariate analyses revealed that higher menstruation knowledge was associated with higher use of disposable sanitary napkins (low knowledge: 18.9%, high knowledge: 38.5%; p<0.01). Conclusions: The findings suggest that it is imperative for Bihari women to have adequate and appropriate menstruation knowledge so that they can maintain good menstrual hygiene practices. The findings highlight challenges experienced by the refugee women in maintaining MHM and can be used to improve women's reproductive health and well-being and reduce the risk of reproductive tract infections (RTI) among socially disadvantaged women.
I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Suman Katragadda entitled “Multivariate
International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 2021
Background: Pharmacovigilance (PV) is an important tool in generating adverse drug reaction (ADR)... more Background: Pharmacovigilance (PV) is an important tool in generating adverse drug reaction (ADR) data. However, the practice of PV is still very low among health care professionals due to lack of knowledge and awareness. This study was conducted to assess the level of knowledge, awareness and practice of PV among health care professionals and to assess subsequent change in these after PV training session.Methods: A cross sectional questionnaire based study was conducted among health care professionals of a tertiary health care and teaching institute. Participants were given a questionnaire. They completed it before and after undergoing training programme in PV. Impact of effectiveness of educational intervention (continuing medical education-CME (pharmacovigilance workshop) was evaluated by paired t-test.Results: Out of 110 participants, 96 participants completely filled the questionnaire before and after the educational intervention (CME). CME on PV was found to increase knowledg...
Indian Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 2021
Background: The Global disease (COVID-19 pandemic) has impacted our lives in various ways. Online... more Background: The Global disease (COVID-19 pandemic) has impacted our lives in various ways. Online teaching is the strange routine for studying platforms to continue with the process of educating students, Online classes have become a key component in the continuity of education. Aims: 1. This study aims to rank the usefulness of online teaching compared to classroom conventional teaching 2. Socioeconomic parameters related to online teaching in a medical college Study Design: The study is a cross-sectional study done on medical students. A questionnaire was prepared listing the various ways in which they discern online teaching trying to cope up during the pandemic. Materials and Methods: After the institutional Ethics committee clearance, online cross-sectional study was done on the medical students where from the 2 n d and 3 r d year. This online survey was done between 10 t h May 2021-10 t h June 2021, A total number of 211 students participated out of 250, after completion of 18 months of online classes. A Set of 15 self-designed questionnaire based on 5 point Likert scale was given to the students to rank the effectiveness through online class usefulness levels and satisfaction levels on various parameters. Students were also asked about the demographic factors. Statistical Analysis: The data was analyzed using software SPSS software Results: The study results shows that online classes is less helpful in five parameters and equally helpful in five parameters but was not at all superior to conventional methods, we can come to the interpretation that students think that classroom teaching cannot be replaced by online teaching. Conclusions: We can conclude that online studies can only be a supplement and cannot be an alternate for the established order of learning This is an Open Access (OA) journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
BMC health services research, Feb 17, 2018
The main objective of this methodological manuscript was to illustrate the role of using qualitat... more The main objective of this methodological manuscript was to illustrate the role of using qualitative research in emergency settings. We outline rigorous criteria applied to a qualitative study assessing perceptions and experiences of staff working in Australian emergency departments. We used an integrated mixed-methodology framework to identify different perspectives and experiences of emergency department staff during the implementation of a time target government policy. The qualitative study comprised interviews from 119 participants across 16 hospitals. The interviews were conducted in 2015-2016 and the data were managed using NVivo version 11. We conducted the analysis in three stages, namely: conceptual framework, comparison and contrast and hypothesis development. We concluded with the implementation of the four-dimension criteria (credibility, dependability, confirmability and transferability) to assess the robustness of the study, RESULTS: We adapted four-dimension criteria...
Advances in peritoneal dialysis. Conference on Peritoneal Dialysis, 2005
In the present study, we analyzed the short-term outcome of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dial... more In the present study, we analyzed the short-term outcome of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD) in a group of elderly Bangladeshi patients with diabetes. Over a period of 2 years, we tracked various parameters in 60 patients on maintenance dialysis (25 on PD, 35 on HD). Mean age of the patients was 62 +/- 12 years (PD) and 57 +/- 8 years (HD), p < 0.03. Pre-dialysis systolic blood pressures (SBP) were 156 +/- 12 mmHg and 160 +/- 15 mmHg, and diastolic blood pressures (DBP) were 86 +/- 7 mmHg and 84 +/- 6 mmHg, both p = nonsignificant (NS). Pre-dialysis serum creatinine (SCr) levels were 1036 +/- 139 micromol/L and 1028 +/- 408 micromol/L, and daily urine volumes (UV) were 1.1 -/+ 0.4 L and 1 +/- 0.1 L, both also p=NS. At the end of the 2 years, durations of dialysis were 14 +/- 8 months (PD) and 13 +/- 12 months (HD), p=NS; SBPs were 142 +/- 15 mmHg and 155 +/- 18 mmHg, p < 0.004; DBPs were 81 +/- 6 mmHg and 80 +/- 7 mmHg, p=NS; and SCr levels ...
International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms, 2011
Australian Health Review, 1998
This study explores the association between selected socioeconomic characteristics ofemergency pa... more This study explores the association between selected socioeconomic characteristics ofemergency patients with waiting times in emergency departments and walk-outs (thosewho did not wait for treatment) in South Western Sydney Area Health Servicehospital emergency departments. Bivariate and multivariate analyses indicated thatwaiting times to see a doctor and walk-out rates varied by age, sex, country of birth,insurance status, socioeconomic status, severity of patient illness and day of arrival.Patients who were female, from a non-English-speaking background, self-referred,uninsured and those from lower socioeconomic status showed significantly longerwaiting times than others. Patients who left emergency departments without treatmentshowed higher waiting times from arrival to triage than other groups. This appliedacross socioeconomic categories. These findings indicate that prolonged waiting timesfor triage, which occur at the busiest periods, may be one of the main indicators forpati...
BMC Family Practice, 2010
Background: Depressive symptoms, intimate partner violence and hazardous drinking are common amon... more Background: Depressive symptoms, intimate partner violence and hazardous drinking are common among patients attending general practice. Despite the high prevalence of these three problems; the relationship between them remains relatively unexplored. Methods: This paper explores the association between depressive symptoms, ever being afraid of a partner and hazardous drinking using cross-sectional screening data from 7667 randomly selected patients from a large primary care cohort study of 30 metropolitan and rural general practices in Victoria, Australia. The screening postal survey included the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, the Fast Alcohol Screening Test and a screening question from the Composite Abuse Scale on ever being afraid of any intimate partner. Results: 23.9% met criteria for depressive symptoms. A higher proportion of females than males (20.8% vs. 7.6%) reported ever being afraid of a partner during their lifetime (OR 3.2, 95%CI 2.5 to 4.0) and a lower proportion of females (12%) than males (25%) were hazardous drinkers (OR 0.4; 95%CI 0.4 to 0.5); and a higher proportion of females than males (20.8% vs. 7.6%) reported ever being afraid of a partner during their lifetime (OR 3.2, 95%CI 2.5 to 4.0). Men and women who had ever been afraid of a partner or who were hazardous drinkers had on average higher depressive symptom scores than those who had never been afraid or who were not hazardous drinkers. There was a stronger association between depressive symptoms and ever been afraid of a partner compared to hazardous drinking for both males (ever afraid of partner; Diff 6.87; 95% CI 5.42, 8.33; p < 0.001 vs. hazardous drinking in last year; Diff 1.07, 95% CI 0.21, 1.94; p = 0.015) and females (ever afraid of partner; Diff 5.26; 95% CI 4.55, 5.97; p < 0.001 vs. hazardous drinking in last year; Diff 2.23, 95% CI 1.35, 3.11; p < 0.001), even after adjusting for age group, income, employment status, marital status, living alone and education level. Conclusions: Strategies to assist primary care doctors to recognise and manage intimate partner violence and hazardous drinking in patients with depression may lead to better outcomes from management of depression in primary care.
Australian Health Review, 1998
This study explores the association between selected socioeconomic characteristics ofemergency pa... more This study explores the association between selected socioeconomic characteristics ofemergency patients with waiting times in emergency departments and walk-outs (thosewho did not wait for treatment) in South Western Sydney Area Health Servicehospital emergency departments. Bivariate and multivariate analyses indicated thatwaiting times to see a doctor and walk-out rates varied by age, sex, country of birth,insurance status, socioeconomic status, severity of patient illness and day of arrival.Patients who were female, from a non-English-speaking background, self-referred,uninsured and those from lower socioeconomic status showed significantly longerwaiting times than others. Patients who left emergency departments without treatmentshowed higher waiting times from arrival to triage than other groups. This appliedacross socioeconomic categories. These findings indicate that prolonged waiting timesfor triage, which occur at the busiest periods, may be one of the main indicators forpati...