Mohit Kumar - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Mohit Kumar

THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BUSINESS & MANAGEMENT, 2022

The new normal of supply chain has evolved due to the emergencies that were created by the pandem... more The new normal of supply chain has evolved due to the emergencies that were created by the pandemic of COVID 19. Major disruptions were seen from local, national, regional and international businesses. As countries fought to save lives, movement restrictions were put in place which affected the supply chains in unprecedented ways. The emergencies that were created through the disrupted supply chains affected the whole world and developing countries were worst hit as their supply chains were not mature or stable. It is in this backdrop that we look at the trilogy of the new normal in supply chains especially in developing countries. The concept of risk management strategies, technology usage and adaptability and agility of organizations and supply chains will then in turn make these supply chains remain relevant and resilient to the challenges that unforeseen circumstances like the pandemic COVID 19 bring about. The trilogy will also ensure sustainability in the new supply chains. It is in this backdrop that we look at the trilogy of resilience; the new normal in supply chains.

The Internet Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2011

Background: To understand the attitude and behaviour in institutionalised population is criticall... more Background: To understand the attitude and behaviour in institutionalised population is critically important to undertake any preventive and health education measure. During H1N1 outbreak a lot of preventive and health education measures have been taken in our institute. To assess the impact of these measures we aimed to evaluate the knowledge, perception and behaviour changes among university students towards H1N1 pandemic. Objective: To evaluate the knowledge, attitude and behaviour among young institutelized population towards H1N1 influenza pandemic and its influence on hand washing behaviourMethods: A cross sectional questionnaire based survey was done among 957 university students in south India. The survey was based on assessing the knowledge regarding influenza virus and its vaccination, attitude and motivation factors towards hand washing. Results: Out of total 957 Respondents, 62.4% were males and 37.6% were females. Overall, 79.6% and 88.3% of respondents had correct knowledge regarding route of transmission. Female participants have more knowledge compared to male counterpart regarding current practices, self-protection (P<0.001) and vaccination of H1N1 (P<0.05), Participants having acquaintances with recent flu like symptoms were positively correlated with recent flu like symptoms (P value<0.001). Males are more likely to perceive hand wash as effective means of preventing the infection (P value *lt;0.01). After gender stratification, both groups reported to have high perceived severity (P=0.778) towards H1N1 infection.Conclusion: Better measures can be taken during second wave of H1N1 pandemic as students respond differently according to knowledge they acquire, hand hygiene habits tends to change during pre and post endemic period. Positive health behaviour amongst young students helps in prevention of influenza transmission.

Photonics 2010: Tenth International Conference on Fiber Optics and Photonics, 2010

We present some of our initial experimental results from laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LI... more We present some of our initial experimental results from laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) studies of few high energy materials such as a simple match stick (MS) and BKNO 3 (BPN), and ammonium perchlorate (AP) using nanosecond (ns), picosecond (ps), and femtosecond (fs) pulses. The characteristic peaks of each sample in different time domains are analyzed. The merits and de-merits of ultrashort pulses in LIBS experiments for discrimination of high energy materials are highlighted.

Advances in Computational Intelligence

Despite a recent surge of research interest in privacy and transferrable deep learning, optimizin... more Despite a recent surge of research interest in privacy and transferrable deep learning, optimizing the tradeoff between privacy requirements and performance of machine learning models remains a challenge. This motivates the development of an approach that optimizes both privacy-preservation mechanism and learning of the deep models for achieving a robust performance. This paper considers the problem of semi-supervised transfer and multi-task learning under differential privacy framework. An alternative conception of deep autoencoder, referred to as Conditionally Deep Membership-Mapping Autoencoder (CDMMA), is considered for transferrable deep learning. Under practice-oriented settings, an analytical solution for the learning of CDMMA can be derived by means of variational optimization. The paper proposes a transfer and multi-task learning approach that combines CDMMA with a tailored noise adding mechanism to transfer knowledge from source to target domain in a privacy-preserving manner.

arXiv (Cornell University), Jun 6, 2021

In order to develop machine learning and deep learning models that take into account the guidelin... more In order to develop machine learning and deep learning models that take into account the guidelines and principles of trustworthy AI, a novel information theoretic trustworthy AI framework is introduced. A unified approach to "privacy-preserving interpretable and transferable learning" is considered for studying and optimizing the tradeoffs between privacy, interpretability, and transferability aspects. A variational membership-mapping Bayesian model is used for the analytical approximations of the defined information theoretic measures for privacy-leakage, interpretability, and transferability. The approach consists of approximating the information theoretic measures via maximizing a lower-bound using variational optimization. The study presents a unified information theoretic approach to study different aspects of trustworthy AI in a rigorous analytical manner. The approach is demonstrated through numerous experiments on benchmark datasets and a real-world biomedical application concerned with the detection of mental stress on individuals using heart rate variability analysis.

International Journal of Library and Information Studies, 2017

The present study examines Web Impact Factor (i.e. Simple Web Impact Factor), Internal Link Web I... more The present study examines Web Impact Factor (i.e. Simple Web Impact Factor), Internal Link Web Impact Factor and External Link Web Impact Factor of eight fisheries institutions of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) and ranks the websites as per the WIF. To conduct the study eight (8) institutions of ICAR in fisheries were selected. The study used Open Site Explorer optimization tool and search engine for webometric analysis. The data were collected during 28 August to

We describe a briefing system that learns to predict the contents of reports generated by users w... more We describe a briefing system that learns to predict the contents of reports generated by users who create periodic (weekly) reports as part of their normal activity. The system observes content-selection choices that users make and builds a predictive model that could, for example, be used to generate an initial draft report. Using a feature of the interface the system also collects information about potential user-specific features. The system was evaluated under realistic conditions, by collecting data in a project-based university course where student group leaders were tasked with preparing weekly reports for the benefit of the instructors, using the material from individual student reports. This paper addresses the question of whether data derived from the implicit supervision provided by end-users is robust enough to support not only model parameter tuning but also a form of feature discovery. Results indicate that this is the case: system performance improves based on the fe...

Proceedings of the 42nd International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, 2019

E-commerce customers express their purchase intents in several ways, some of which may use a diff... more E-commerce customers express their purchase intents in several ways, some of which may use a different vocabulary than that of the product catalog. For example, the intent for "women maternity gown" is often expressed with the query, "ladies pregnancy dress". Search engines typically suffer from poor performance on such queries because of low overlap between query terms and specifications of the desired products. Past work has referred to these queries as vocabulary gap queries. In our experiments, we show that our technique significantly outperforms strong baselines and also show its real-world effectiveness with an online A/B experiment.

IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, 2013

Proceedings of the 2nd ACM SIGHIT International Health Informatics Symposium, 2012

Healthcare systems around the world are struggling to keep up with patient needs, and improve qua... more Healthcare systems around the world are struggling to keep up with patient needs, and improve quality of care while reducing costs at the same time. At the same time, more and more data is being captured around healthcare processes in the form of Electronic Health Records (EHR), health insurance claims, medical imaging databases, disease registries, spontaneous reporting sites, and clinical trials. The panelists with extensive experience and representing the 4P's of healthcare: Patients, Provider (hospitals, labs, clinics), Pharmaceutical, Payer (insurance companies, government) will discuss questions such as the following: 1: What are the data sources that are becoming available across the 4Ps? How do they vary by geographies? 2: What are the problems that are becoming feasible to be addressed by the Analytics/Data Mining community and who is the beneficiary for the addressed problems? In short, who and what can data analytics help with? 3: Success stories and failures Where are the gaps in the problems that are being addressed by the community and what can be done to bridge those gaps?

Communications in Computer and Information Science, 2021

This study introduces using measure theoretic basis the notion of membership-mapping for represen... more This study introduces using measure theoretic basis the notion of membership-mapping for representing data points through attribute values (motivated by fuzzy theory). A property of the membership-mapping, that can be exploited for data representation learning, is of providing an interpolation on the given data points in the data space. The study outlines an analytical approach to the variational learning of a membership-mappings based data representation model. An alternative idea of deep autoencoder, referred to as Bregman Divergence Based Conditionally Deep Autoencoder (that consists of layers such that each layer learns data representation at certain abstraction level through a membershipmappings based autoencoder), is presented. Experiments are provided to demonstrate the competitive performance of the proposed framework in classifying high-dimensional feature vectors and in rendering robustness to the classification.

Journal of Oral Health and Community Dentistry, 2011

This article provides dentists with the information they need to properly dispose of mercury and ... more This article provides dentists with the information they need to properly dispose of mercury and amalgam waste, and provides suggestions for managing the other wastes that result from the day-to-day activities of a dental office such as used X-ray fixers and developers; cleaners for X-ray developer systems; lead foils, shields and aprons; chemiclave/chemical sterilant solutions; disinfectants, cleaners, and other chemicals; and, general office waste.

Archives of Microbiology, 2018

Microorganisms have evolved themselves to thrive under various extreme environmental conditions s... more Microorganisms have evolved themselves to thrive under various extreme environmental conditions such as extremely high or low temperature, alkalinity, and salinity. These microorganisms adapted several metabolic processes to survive and reproduce efficiently under such extreme environments. As the major proportion of earth is covered with the cold environment and is exploited by human beings, these sites are not pristine anymore. Human interventions are a great reason for disturbing the natural biogeochemical cycles in these regions. The survival strategies of these organisms have shown great potential for helping us to restore these pristine sites and the use of isolated cold-adapted enzymes from these organisms has also revolutionized various industrial products. This review gives you the insight of psychrophilic enzyme adaptations and their industrial applications.

Current topics in medicinal chemistry, Jan 20, 2018

Zika is a worldwide pandemic dreadful viral transmission through Aedes mosquito vector. It signif... more Zika is a worldwide pandemic dreadful viral transmission through Aedes mosquito vector. It significantly causes fever, joint pain or rash, and conjunctivitis. Pregnant mothers suffering from Zika viral infection may have fetal abnormalities due to severe neurological problems, characterized by microcephaly along with Guillain-Barré syndrome, issuing ZIKV a major public health concern as declared by the World Health Organization. There is hardly any FDA approved anti-Zika viral drugs available. Therefore, it is a big panic for the scientists to destroy the virus completely by generating potent inhibitors. For the purpose, various Zika viral targets were explored by structure-based design in the present review in connection with the discovery of various synthetic and natural sourced inhibitors against Zika virus. The structure-based drug design tools such as x-ray crystallography and molecular docking reported various co-crystallized ligands and Zika virus inhibitors. Such inhibitors ...

Clinical therapeutics, Jan 7, 2018

This review provides an update on the investigations and treatment options for gastroparesis. A c... more This review provides an update on the investigations and treatment options for gastroparesis. A comprehensive literature search of Medline, PubMed, Embase and OVID was conducted which included all systematic reviews and research articles that focused on the diagnosis, investigations and management diabetic gastroparesis. Dietary modifications and pharmacologic treatment with prokinetics to increase gastric motility form the mainstay of treatment. However, the use of prokinetics is limited by adverse effects and serious adverse effects, leaving metoclopramide as the only drug approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of gastroparesis. Newer therapies, including motilin receptor agonists, ghrelin receptor agonists, and neurokinin receptor antagonists, are currently being investigated. Transpyloric stenting, gastric electrical stimulation, and gastric per-oral endoscopic myotomy provide mechanical options for intervention, and surgical interventions in severe in...

Medical journal, Armed Forces India, 1995

Accurate classification of acute leukaemias is essential for proper case management. The utility ... more Accurate classification of acute leukaemias is essential for proper case management. The utility of monoclonal antibodies in the diagnosis and classification of acute leukaemias is well established. This diagnostic utility relates primarily to two points : firstly the distinction between acute myeloid leukaemia and acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and secondly to subtypes of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Leukaemic cells were immunophenotyped using the alkaline phosphatase antialkaline phosphatase techniques. The monoclonal antibodies were very useful in distinguishing cases of acute myeloid leukaemia from acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Cases of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia with CD10 positivity showed a better prognosis. T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia was uncommon and was associated with unfavourable prognosis. The alkaline phosphatase antialkaline phosphatase technique served as a reliable and convenient method for immunophenotyping of leukaemias.

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, Nov 28, 2016

TO THE EDITOR-The emergence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance heralds the breach of the las... more TO THE EDITOR-The emergence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance heralds the breach of the last group of antibiotics, polymyxins. In our previous reports, colistin resistance has been reported in clinical isolates and mutations within the 2 component regularity systems resulting in the constitutive activation and subsequent expression of lipopolysaccharidemodifying genes [1, 2]. Escherichia coli MK108 was isolated from a urine sample obtained from an inpatient at a university hospital in India in 2016. Bacterial identification was performed by standard biochemical analysis and confirmed by 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing [1]. Susceptibility of E. coli MK108 was tested against antimicrobial agents according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute broth microdilution procedure and interpretation criteria. Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 was used as reference strain.

Nanotechnology, Jan 3, 2016

We demonstrate that the work function of Al-doped ZnO (AZO) can be tuned externally by applying a... more We demonstrate that the work function of Al-doped ZnO (AZO) can be tuned externally by applying an electric field. Our experimental investigations using Kelvin probe force microscopy show that by applying a positive or negative tip bias, the work function of AZO film can be enhanced or reduced, which corroborates well with the observed charge transport using conductive atomic force microscopy. These findings are further confirmed by calculations based on first-principles theory. Tuning the work function of AZO by applying an external electric field is not only important to control the charge transport across it, but also to design an Ohmic contact for advanced functional devices.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), Jan 17, 2016

This Minireview concerns recent advances in the design, synthesis, and application of low molecul... more This Minireview concerns recent advances in the design, synthesis, and application of low molecular-weight peptidic hydrogelators. The sequence-specific combinations of amino acid side chain functionalities combined with hydrogen bonding of amide backbones and hydrophobic (aromatic) capping groups give these peptidic molecules the intrinsic tendency to self-assemble. The most prevalent designs include N-capped amino acid residues, bolamphiphilic peptides, and amphipathic peptides. Factors such as hydrophobic effects, the Hofmeister effect, and tunable ionization influence their aggregation properties. The self-assembly of simple bio-inspired building blocks into higher organized structures allows comparisons to be drawn with proteins and their complex functionalities, providing preliminary insights into complex biological functions and also enabling their application in a wide range of fields including catalysis, biomedical applications, and mimicry of natural dissipative systems. T...

THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BUSINESS & MANAGEMENT, 2022

The new normal of supply chain has evolved due to the emergencies that were created by the pandem... more The new normal of supply chain has evolved due to the emergencies that were created by the pandemic of COVID 19. Major disruptions were seen from local, national, regional and international businesses. As countries fought to save lives, movement restrictions were put in place which affected the supply chains in unprecedented ways. The emergencies that were created through the disrupted supply chains affected the whole world and developing countries were worst hit as their supply chains were not mature or stable. It is in this backdrop that we look at the trilogy of the new normal in supply chains especially in developing countries. The concept of risk management strategies, technology usage and adaptability and agility of organizations and supply chains will then in turn make these supply chains remain relevant and resilient to the challenges that unforeseen circumstances like the pandemic COVID 19 bring about. The trilogy will also ensure sustainability in the new supply chains. It is in this backdrop that we look at the trilogy of resilience; the new normal in supply chains.

The Internet Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2011

Background: To understand the attitude and behaviour in institutionalised population is criticall... more Background: To understand the attitude and behaviour in institutionalised population is critically important to undertake any preventive and health education measure. During H1N1 outbreak a lot of preventive and health education measures have been taken in our institute. To assess the impact of these measures we aimed to evaluate the knowledge, perception and behaviour changes among university students towards H1N1 pandemic. Objective: To evaluate the knowledge, attitude and behaviour among young institutelized population towards H1N1 influenza pandemic and its influence on hand washing behaviourMethods: A cross sectional questionnaire based survey was done among 957 university students in south India. The survey was based on assessing the knowledge regarding influenza virus and its vaccination, attitude and motivation factors towards hand washing. Results: Out of total 957 Respondents, 62.4% were males and 37.6% were females. Overall, 79.6% and 88.3% of respondents had correct knowledge regarding route of transmission. Female participants have more knowledge compared to male counterpart regarding current practices, self-protection (P<0.001) and vaccination of H1N1 (P<0.05), Participants having acquaintances with recent flu like symptoms were positively correlated with recent flu like symptoms (P value<0.001). Males are more likely to perceive hand wash as effective means of preventing the infection (P value *lt;0.01). After gender stratification, both groups reported to have high perceived severity (P=0.778) towards H1N1 infection.Conclusion: Better measures can be taken during second wave of H1N1 pandemic as students respond differently according to knowledge they acquire, hand hygiene habits tends to change during pre and post endemic period. Positive health behaviour amongst young students helps in prevention of influenza transmission.

Photonics 2010: Tenth International Conference on Fiber Optics and Photonics, 2010

We present some of our initial experimental results from laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LI... more We present some of our initial experimental results from laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) studies of few high energy materials such as a simple match stick (MS) and BKNO 3 (BPN), and ammonium perchlorate (AP) using nanosecond (ns), picosecond (ps), and femtosecond (fs) pulses. The characteristic peaks of each sample in different time domains are analyzed. The merits and de-merits of ultrashort pulses in LIBS experiments for discrimination of high energy materials are highlighted.

Advances in Computational Intelligence

Despite a recent surge of research interest in privacy and transferrable deep learning, optimizin... more Despite a recent surge of research interest in privacy and transferrable deep learning, optimizing the tradeoff between privacy requirements and performance of machine learning models remains a challenge. This motivates the development of an approach that optimizes both privacy-preservation mechanism and learning of the deep models for achieving a robust performance. This paper considers the problem of semi-supervised transfer and multi-task learning under differential privacy framework. An alternative conception of deep autoencoder, referred to as Conditionally Deep Membership-Mapping Autoencoder (CDMMA), is considered for transferrable deep learning. Under practice-oriented settings, an analytical solution for the learning of CDMMA can be derived by means of variational optimization. The paper proposes a transfer and multi-task learning approach that combines CDMMA with a tailored noise adding mechanism to transfer knowledge from source to target domain in a privacy-preserving manner.

arXiv (Cornell University), Jun 6, 2021

In order to develop machine learning and deep learning models that take into account the guidelin... more In order to develop machine learning and deep learning models that take into account the guidelines and principles of trustworthy AI, a novel information theoretic trustworthy AI framework is introduced. A unified approach to "privacy-preserving interpretable and transferable learning" is considered for studying and optimizing the tradeoffs between privacy, interpretability, and transferability aspects. A variational membership-mapping Bayesian model is used for the analytical approximations of the defined information theoretic measures for privacy-leakage, interpretability, and transferability. The approach consists of approximating the information theoretic measures via maximizing a lower-bound using variational optimization. The study presents a unified information theoretic approach to study different aspects of trustworthy AI in a rigorous analytical manner. The approach is demonstrated through numerous experiments on benchmark datasets and a real-world biomedical application concerned with the detection of mental stress on individuals using heart rate variability analysis.

International Journal of Library and Information Studies, 2017

The present study examines Web Impact Factor (i.e. Simple Web Impact Factor), Internal Link Web I... more The present study examines Web Impact Factor (i.e. Simple Web Impact Factor), Internal Link Web Impact Factor and External Link Web Impact Factor of eight fisheries institutions of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) and ranks the websites as per the WIF. To conduct the study eight (8) institutions of ICAR in fisheries were selected. The study used Open Site Explorer optimization tool and search engine for webometric analysis. The data were collected during 28 August to

We describe a briefing system that learns to predict the contents of reports generated by users w... more We describe a briefing system that learns to predict the contents of reports generated by users who create periodic (weekly) reports as part of their normal activity. The system observes content-selection choices that users make and builds a predictive model that could, for example, be used to generate an initial draft report. Using a feature of the interface the system also collects information about potential user-specific features. The system was evaluated under realistic conditions, by collecting data in a project-based university course where student group leaders were tasked with preparing weekly reports for the benefit of the instructors, using the material from individual student reports. This paper addresses the question of whether data derived from the implicit supervision provided by end-users is robust enough to support not only model parameter tuning but also a form of feature discovery. Results indicate that this is the case: system performance improves based on the fe...

Proceedings of the 42nd International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, 2019

E-commerce customers express their purchase intents in several ways, some of which may use a diff... more E-commerce customers express their purchase intents in several ways, some of which may use a different vocabulary than that of the product catalog. For example, the intent for "women maternity gown" is often expressed with the query, "ladies pregnancy dress". Search engines typically suffer from poor performance on such queries because of low overlap between query terms and specifications of the desired products. Past work has referred to these queries as vocabulary gap queries. In our experiments, we show that our technique significantly outperforms strong baselines and also show its real-world effectiveness with an online A/B experiment.

IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, 2013

Proceedings of the 2nd ACM SIGHIT International Health Informatics Symposium, 2012

Healthcare systems around the world are struggling to keep up with patient needs, and improve qua... more Healthcare systems around the world are struggling to keep up with patient needs, and improve quality of care while reducing costs at the same time. At the same time, more and more data is being captured around healthcare processes in the form of Electronic Health Records (EHR), health insurance claims, medical imaging databases, disease registries, spontaneous reporting sites, and clinical trials. The panelists with extensive experience and representing the 4P's of healthcare: Patients, Provider (hospitals, labs, clinics), Pharmaceutical, Payer (insurance companies, government) will discuss questions such as the following: 1: What are the data sources that are becoming available across the 4Ps? How do they vary by geographies? 2: What are the problems that are becoming feasible to be addressed by the Analytics/Data Mining community and who is the beneficiary for the addressed problems? In short, who and what can data analytics help with? 3: Success stories and failures Where are the gaps in the problems that are being addressed by the community and what can be done to bridge those gaps?

Communications in Computer and Information Science, 2021

This study introduces using measure theoretic basis the notion of membership-mapping for represen... more This study introduces using measure theoretic basis the notion of membership-mapping for representing data points through attribute values (motivated by fuzzy theory). A property of the membership-mapping, that can be exploited for data representation learning, is of providing an interpolation on the given data points in the data space. The study outlines an analytical approach to the variational learning of a membership-mappings based data representation model. An alternative idea of deep autoencoder, referred to as Bregman Divergence Based Conditionally Deep Autoencoder (that consists of layers such that each layer learns data representation at certain abstraction level through a membershipmappings based autoencoder), is presented. Experiments are provided to demonstrate the competitive performance of the proposed framework in classifying high-dimensional feature vectors and in rendering robustness to the classification.

Journal of Oral Health and Community Dentistry, 2011

This article provides dentists with the information they need to properly dispose of mercury and ... more This article provides dentists with the information they need to properly dispose of mercury and amalgam waste, and provides suggestions for managing the other wastes that result from the day-to-day activities of a dental office such as used X-ray fixers and developers; cleaners for X-ray developer systems; lead foils, shields and aprons; chemiclave/chemical sterilant solutions; disinfectants, cleaners, and other chemicals; and, general office waste.

Archives of Microbiology, 2018

Microorganisms have evolved themselves to thrive under various extreme environmental conditions s... more Microorganisms have evolved themselves to thrive under various extreme environmental conditions such as extremely high or low temperature, alkalinity, and salinity. These microorganisms adapted several metabolic processes to survive and reproduce efficiently under such extreme environments. As the major proportion of earth is covered with the cold environment and is exploited by human beings, these sites are not pristine anymore. Human interventions are a great reason for disturbing the natural biogeochemical cycles in these regions. The survival strategies of these organisms have shown great potential for helping us to restore these pristine sites and the use of isolated cold-adapted enzymes from these organisms has also revolutionized various industrial products. This review gives you the insight of psychrophilic enzyme adaptations and their industrial applications.

Current topics in medicinal chemistry, Jan 20, 2018

Zika is a worldwide pandemic dreadful viral transmission through Aedes mosquito vector. It signif... more Zika is a worldwide pandemic dreadful viral transmission through Aedes mosquito vector. It significantly causes fever, joint pain or rash, and conjunctivitis. Pregnant mothers suffering from Zika viral infection may have fetal abnormalities due to severe neurological problems, characterized by microcephaly along with Guillain-Barré syndrome, issuing ZIKV a major public health concern as declared by the World Health Organization. There is hardly any FDA approved anti-Zika viral drugs available. Therefore, it is a big panic for the scientists to destroy the virus completely by generating potent inhibitors. For the purpose, various Zika viral targets were explored by structure-based design in the present review in connection with the discovery of various synthetic and natural sourced inhibitors against Zika virus. The structure-based drug design tools such as x-ray crystallography and molecular docking reported various co-crystallized ligands and Zika virus inhibitors. Such inhibitors ...

Clinical therapeutics, Jan 7, 2018

This review provides an update on the investigations and treatment options for gastroparesis. A c... more This review provides an update on the investigations and treatment options for gastroparesis. A comprehensive literature search of Medline, PubMed, Embase and OVID was conducted which included all systematic reviews and research articles that focused on the diagnosis, investigations and management diabetic gastroparesis. Dietary modifications and pharmacologic treatment with prokinetics to increase gastric motility form the mainstay of treatment. However, the use of prokinetics is limited by adverse effects and serious adverse effects, leaving metoclopramide as the only drug approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of gastroparesis. Newer therapies, including motilin receptor agonists, ghrelin receptor agonists, and neurokinin receptor antagonists, are currently being investigated. Transpyloric stenting, gastric electrical stimulation, and gastric per-oral endoscopic myotomy provide mechanical options for intervention, and surgical interventions in severe in...

Medical journal, Armed Forces India, 1995

Accurate classification of acute leukaemias is essential for proper case management. The utility ... more Accurate classification of acute leukaemias is essential for proper case management. The utility of monoclonal antibodies in the diagnosis and classification of acute leukaemias is well established. This diagnostic utility relates primarily to two points : firstly the distinction between acute myeloid leukaemia and acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and secondly to subtypes of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Leukaemic cells were immunophenotyped using the alkaline phosphatase antialkaline phosphatase techniques. The monoclonal antibodies were very useful in distinguishing cases of acute myeloid leukaemia from acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Cases of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia with CD10 positivity showed a better prognosis. T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia was uncommon and was associated with unfavourable prognosis. The alkaline phosphatase antialkaline phosphatase technique served as a reliable and convenient method for immunophenotyping of leukaemias.

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, Nov 28, 2016

TO THE EDITOR-The emergence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance heralds the breach of the las... more TO THE EDITOR-The emergence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance heralds the breach of the last group of antibiotics, polymyxins. In our previous reports, colistin resistance has been reported in clinical isolates and mutations within the 2 component regularity systems resulting in the constitutive activation and subsequent expression of lipopolysaccharidemodifying genes [1, 2]. Escherichia coli MK108 was isolated from a urine sample obtained from an inpatient at a university hospital in India in 2016. Bacterial identification was performed by standard biochemical analysis and confirmed by 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing [1]. Susceptibility of E. coli MK108 was tested against antimicrobial agents according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute broth microdilution procedure and interpretation criteria. Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 was used as reference strain.

Nanotechnology, Jan 3, 2016

We demonstrate that the work function of Al-doped ZnO (AZO) can be tuned externally by applying a... more We demonstrate that the work function of Al-doped ZnO (AZO) can be tuned externally by applying an electric field. Our experimental investigations using Kelvin probe force microscopy show that by applying a positive or negative tip bias, the work function of AZO film can be enhanced or reduced, which corroborates well with the observed charge transport using conductive atomic force microscopy. These findings are further confirmed by calculations based on first-principles theory. Tuning the work function of AZO by applying an external electric field is not only important to control the charge transport across it, but also to design an Ohmic contact for advanced functional devices.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), Jan 17, 2016

This Minireview concerns recent advances in the design, synthesis, and application of low molecul... more This Minireview concerns recent advances in the design, synthesis, and application of low molecular-weight peptidic hydrogelators. The sequence-specific combinations of amino acid side chain functionalities combined with hydrogen bonding of amide backbones and hydrophobic (aromatic) capping groups give these peptidic molecules the intrinsic tendency to self-assemble. The most prevalent designs include N-capped amino acid residues, bolamphiphilic peptides, and amphipathic peptides. Factors such as hydrophobic effects, the Hofmeister effect, and tunable ionization influence their aggregation properties. The self-assembly of simple bio-inspired building blocks into higher organized structures allows comparisons to be drawn with proteins and their complex functionalities, providing preliminary insights into complex biological functions and also enabling their application in a wide range of fields including catalysis, biomedical applications, and mimicry of natural dissipative systems. T...

Bank Credit and Loan Repayment Rates during COVID-19 in Kabale District, Uganda 1. Introduction T... more Bank Credit and Loan Repayment Rates during COVID-19 in Kabale District, Uganda 1. Introduction The total amount that a person or business can borrow from a financial institution is called bank credit. A borrower's credit score, income, assets, collateral, and current liabilities all play a role in whether or not credit is approved. Bank credit may or may not be secured (Baluku et al., 2022). It is calculated using a complex algorithm that considers your current salary, how much you have paid off on past loans, and any other debt you still owe someone. Money is withdrawn from your bank account on debit. A credit is the opposite of a debit because it adds funds to your account (Nyangarika & Bundala, 2020). The borrower character describes a person's approach to past financial obligations. Loan repayment is paying back the amount you borrowed from the lender plus the interest involved. Usually, a repayment plan includes a routine procedure in the form of equal monthly installments. The decrease in lending interest rate means that credit supply and demand affect the interest rate level; higher or lower demand for credit will lead to higher or lower interest rates (Njenga & Jagongo, 2019). Microfinance institutions (MFIs) rely on frequent human interaction and social pressures to maintain historically high repayment rates to provide financial services to those in need. Difficult (Muriungi & Maina, 2021). The essential staff of MFIs performing these functions are loan officers. Credit officers travel to remote areas to contact existing borrowers, find potential new borrowers, assess borrower creditworthiness, lend, provide financial advice and recover loans. Thus, loan officers establish a relationship of trust with the borrowers of their clients (Muriungi & Maina, 2021). Although credit officers play an important role in the operations of a microfinance institution, little is known about how they plan their time and balance all these disparate duties. Loan officers are currently facing new challenges due to the pandemic (Said et al., 2019). Rasul et al. (2021) report that COVID-19 is creating serious health and financial challenges for savings groups due to market instability, travel restrictions, and gathering restrictions and this is supported by (Eton et al., 2023). Since the majority of members are women, they can be primary caregivers during a health crisis, putting them at risk of higher costs in addition to increased risk of domestic and sexual violence. Thus, COVID-19 has an influence on the development of SACCOS as it is associated with other external stressors such as domestic violence. Many studies have shown how the COVID-19 epidemic has affected agriculture Kyabarongo et al. (2022) and also supported by Nteere (2022). Due to labor shortages, households affected by the COVID-19 pandemic may reduce their arable land or may stop using certain crops or labor-intensive farming practices. Since its establishment, Lyamujungu SACCO has been successful. Members have done well in saving, borrowing and paying off debt. However, the 2021 audit report for the financial year 2018-2019 stated that loans were not repaid on time. Only 33% of the 5,330.005,000/= shillings distributed were recovered, while 67% has been refunded. During the