Monica Johansson - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Monica Johansson

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of Varying Engine Settings on Combustion Parameters, Emissions, Soot and Temperature Distributions in Low Temperature Combustion of Fischer-Tropsch and Swedish Diesel Fuels

SAE Technical Paper Series, 2009

Engineering technical paper: Effects of Varying Engine Settings on Combustion Parameters, Emissio... more Engineering technical paper: Effects of Varying Engine Settings on Combustion Parameters, Emissions, Soot and Temperature Distributions in Low Temperature Combustion of Fischer-Tropsch and Swedish Diesel Fuels.

Research paper thumbnail of 3D CFD Modeling of a Biodiesel-Fueled Diesel Engine Based on a Detailed Chemical Mechanism

SAE Technical Paper Series, 2012

Research paper thumbnail of The COMFORT behavioural scale and the modified FLACC scale in paediatric intensive care

Nursing in Critical Care, 2009

Aims and objectives: To evaluate the concurrent validity and reliability of the behavioural COMFO... more Aims and objectives: To evaluate the concurrent validity and reliability of the behavioural COMFORT and a modified version of the FLACC scale for assessment of pain and sedation in intubated and ventilated children and to evaluate the construct validity of the FLACC scale for assessment of pain. Background: Few instruments are available for assessment of pain/sedation in paediatric intensive care. Design: A prospective observational study was performed postoperatively in 40 children aged 0-10 years. Methods: Two trained nurses observed the child simultaneously and assessing COMFORT behavioural (COMFORT-B) and FLACC scores. In comparison, two bedside nurses concurrently scored pain using an observational visual analogue scale (VAS obs ) and sedation using the Nurse Interpretation of Sedation (NIS) score: oversedated, adequately or insufficient sedated. In 20 additional patients, one nurse assessed FLACC scores before and after analgesics. Results: The majority of patients were <1 year. A moderate but significant correlation was found between each scale and both sedation and VAS obs . COMFORT-B differentiated better than FLACC between the three sedation levels. For those assessed to be in pain (VAS obs > 3), both COMFORT-B and FLACC scores were significantly different compared with VAS obs < 3. The interrater reliability was high for COMFORT-B and FLACC (kappa 0Á71 and 0Á63, respectively). For bedside nurses' assessment of pain, the interrater reliability was high (kappa 0Á63) but low for the level of sedation (kappa 0Á20). After administration of analgesics, the FLACC median score decreased significantly from 5 to 0. Conclusions: The COMFORT-B scale was a more reliable measure of children's sedation than bedside subjective assessment and gives more substantial information about sedation than the FLACC scale. Concurrent validity for assessment of pain was supported for both scales. The modified FLACC showed construct validity for measuring pain. Relevance to clinical practice: The use of validated scales may improve the assessment and management of pain and sedation in intubated children.

Research paper thumbnail of NOx and soot emissions trends for RME, SME and PME fuels using engine and spray experiments in combination with simulations

Research paper thumbnail of How do we work with persons with aphasia and their relatives? : Preliminary results from a survey of Swedish speech and language pathologists

Research paper thumbnail of Use of the levonorgestrel releasing-intrauterine system in nulliparous women – a non-interventional study in Sweden

The European Journal of Contraception and Reproductive Health Care, 2011

To evaluate the insertion procedure and continuation rates of the levonorgestrel releasing-intrau... more To evaluate the insertion procedure and continuation rates of the levonorgestrel releasing-intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) in nulliparous women who, due to fear of complications, are often denied this very effective contraceptive method. A non-interventional study of 224 nulliparous women attending family planning services for insertion of a LNG-IUS. There were only six unsuccessful insertions. The insertions, mostly carried out by midwives, were regarded as easy by 72% of the inserters. Nineteen women (9%) considered the procedure to have been painless, 162 (72%) moderately painful, and 39 (17%), severely painful. At follow-up, 12-16 weeks post-insertion, 76% (165/216) of the women were satisfied with their method. Women in the youngest age group were more satisfied than women in the oldest age group (75% and 59%, respectively). Only 5% were dissatisfied. Neither perforations nor pregnancies were reported during the whole study period. Our results support the current practice in Sweden of offering LNG-IUS routinely to nulliparous women.

Research paper thumbnail of Beskrivning av den svenska logopedkårens sammansättning samt av "afasilogopeders" arbetsmässiga förutsättningar - resultat från en enkätstudie

Research paper thumbnail of Svenska logopeders insatser till personer med afasi

Research paper thumbnail of Use of the levonorgestrel releasing-intrauterine system in nulliparous women--a non-interventional study in Sweden

The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception, 2011

To evaluate the insertion procedure and continuation rates of the levonorgestrel releasing-intrau... more To evaluate the insertion procedure and continuation rates of the levonorgestrel releasing-intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) in nulliparous women who, due to fear of complications, are often denied this very effective contraceptive method. A non-interventional study of 224 nulliparous women attending family planning services for insertion of a LNG-IUS. There were only six unsuccessful insertions. The insertions, mostly carried out by midwives, were regarded as easy by 72% of the inserters. Nineteen women (9%) considered the procedure to have been painless, 162 (72%) moderately painful, and 39 (17%), severely painful. At follow-up, 12-16 weeks post-insertion, 76% (165/216) of the women were satisfied with their method. Women in the youngest age group were more satisfied than women in the oldest age group (75% and 59%, respectively). Only 5% were dissatisfied. Neither perforations nor pregnancies were reported during the whole study period. Our results support the current practice in Swed...

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison between permeability coefficients in rat and human jejunum

Pharmaceutical research, 1996

Our main aim is to determine the effective intestinal permeability (Peff) in the rat jejunum in s... more Our main aim is to determine the effective intestinal permeability (Peff) in the rat jejunum in situ for 10 compounds with different absorption mechanisms and a broad range of physico chemical properties, and then compare them with corresponding historical human in vivo Peff values. The rat Peff coefficients are determined using an in situ perfusion model in anaesthetized animals. The perfusion flow rate used is 0.2 ml/min, which is 10 times lower than that used in humans. The viability of the method is assessed by testing the physiological function of the rat intestine during perfusions. The Peff for passively absorbed compounds is on average 3.6 times higher in humans compared to rats (Peff, man = 3.6 x Peff.rat+ 0.03.10(-4); R]2 = 1.00). Solutes with carrier-mediated absorption deviate from this relationship, which indicates that an absolute scaling of active processes from animal to man is difficult, and therefore needs further investigation. The fraction absorbed of drugs after...

Research paper thumbnail of Engine Performance and Emissions Formation for RME and Conventional Diesel Oil: A Comparative Study

ASME 2009 Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference, 2009

Research paper thumbnail of 3D CFD Modeling of a Biodiesel-Fueled Diesel Engine Based on a Detailed Chemical Mechanism

SAE Technical Paper Series, 2012

Research paper thumbnail of Experiences of Conversation with Persons with Aphasia and Speech-Language Pathologists Measure

Research paper thumbnail of Foliar uptake of Cd by pea (Pisum sativum) and sugar beet (Beta vulgaris)

Physiologia Plantarum, 1993

Copynf-hi © rhy.^mu>^i:, Fim,<irm» / /.S'S'.V W^h9^l7 ... Foliar uptake of Cd by ... more Copynf-hi © rhy.^mu>^i:, Fim,<irm» / /.S'S'.V W^h9^l7 ... Foliar uptake of Cd by pea (Pisum sativum) and sugar beet ... Maria Greger, Monica Johansson, Alvar Stihl and Karim Hamza ... Greger, M.. Johansson, M., Stihl. A. and Hamza, K. 1993. Foliar uptake of Cd by pea ...

Research paper thumbnail of Cadmium effects on leaf transpiration of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris)

Physiologia Plantarum, 1992

Cadmium effects on leaf transpiration of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris). -Physiol, Plant. 86: 46.S-47... more Cadmium effects on leaf transpiration of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris). -Physiol, Plant. 86: 46.S-473, Seedlings of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L, cv Monohill) were cultivated for 4 weeks in nutrient solution containing different concentrations of CdClj (0 to 10 fiM).

Research paper thumbnail of Aluminium effects on Scenedesmus obtusiusculus with different phosphorus status. I. Mineral uptake

Physiologia Plantarum, 1992

. Alunninium effects on Scenedesmus obtusiuseulus with different phosphorus status. I. Synchronou... more . Alunninium effects on Scenedesmus obtusiuseulus with different phosphorus status. I. Synchronously growing cultures of the unicellular green alga Scenedesmus obtusiuseulus were cultivated for 24 and 72 h in the presence or absence of phosphorus. Aluminium chloride (37, 74, 111, 148, 185, or 222 [xmol) was added daily to 1 I cell suspension at the end of the cell division phase. As AICI3 decreases the pH of the growth medium, contro.|s were run in media with low pH in the absence of AICI^. Samples for analysis of the internal (net uptake) and external (bound to cell surface) levels of Al, Mg. P, Ca, and Fe were taken every second hour during a 24 h period or once after 72 h. The investigation shows that the intraceliular aluminium in Scenedesmus affects the nutrient status of the cells. A high intracellular level of Al is in consort with an enhancement of the intracellular fractions of Mg, P, Ca and Fe. The increase in net uptake of the minerals measured in the presence of Al is not due to an Al-induced lowering of the pH, caused by Al. The concentrations of Al, Mg. P, Ca and Fe in the ceils are generally lower during the dark period of the cell cycle, when the cells are dividing, than during the light period. A peak in mineral concentration of the cells could be monitored in the middle of the 24 h life cycle of the cells. The intracellular Al level is. higher when the growth medium is iow in P than in phosphorus-rich medium, due to precipitation of aluminium-phosphate both in medium and at cell surfaces. The extracellular A! and P fractions are thus higher in the presence than in the absence of P. The highest Al content monitored in the cells is about 100 nmol Al (10' cells)"'. A large fraction of Al initially taken up after addition to the medium is subsequently released from the cells during the 24 h cell cycle. The results are interpreted as Ai effects on the plasma membrane, thus indirectly affecting various mechanisms for ion transport across the membrane. There are also indications that a surface covered with aluminium-phosphate, formed at high P level in the medium, may prevent ion uptake.

Research paper thumbnail of Aggregation effects due to aluminum adsorption to cell walls of the unicellular green alga Scenedesmus obtusiusculus

Phycological Research, 2004

Cells of the unicellular green alga Scenedesmus obtusiusculus Chod. were cultivated for 2-24 h in... more Cells of the unicellular green alga Scenedesmus obtusiusculus Chod. were cultivated for 2-24 h in nutrient media with low (60 µ mol/L) or high (1000 µ mol/L) phosphorus (P) concentration, and in the presence or absence of 222 µ mol/L aluminum chloride (Al). Cell aggregation was studied by using light microscope, sedimentation and centrifugation. After 2 h, Al was adsorbed to the cell surface and cell aggregates were formed by the attraction of the cells to each other. Aluminum is bound by the negative charges of the cell walls, and studies at different pH showed that a high proportion of positively charged Al forms promote cell aggregation. This effect was most pronounced in low phosphorus cultures as phosphate reduces the effect of Al on cell aggregation by forming aluminum-phosphate. Algae cultivated in the absence of Al did not show any cell aggregation tendencies.

Research paper thumbnail of Communication difficulties and the use of communication strategies: from the perspective of individuals with aphasia

International journal of language & communication disorders / Royal College of Speech & Language Therapists, 2012

Background: To enhance communicative ability and thereby the possibility of increased participati... more Background: To enhance communicative ability and thereby the possibility of increased participation of persons with aphasia, the use of communication strategies has been proposed. However, little is known about how persons with aphasia experience having conversations and how they perceive their own and their conversation partner's use of communication strategies. Aims: To explore how people with aphasia experience having conversations, how they handle communication difficulties, and how they perceive their own and their communication partners' use of communication strategies. Methods & Procedures: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with four women and seven men with chronic aphasia (n = 11). Interviews were video-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed by qualitative content analysis. Outcomes & Results: Informants appreciated having conversations despite the fact that they perceived their aphasia as a serious hindrance. Different factors related to the informan...

Research paper thumbnail of Working with families of persons with aphasia: a survey of Swedish speech and language pathologists

Disability and Rehabilitation, 2011

The overall aim was to investigate how speech and language pathologists (SLPs), in Sweden are wor... more The overall aim was to investigate how speech and language pathologists (SLPs), in Sweden are working with people with aphasia and their families and what their professional experiences are. A cross-sectional study with a descriptive and comparative design. An 84-item study-specific questionnaire was sent to all Swedish SLPs, affiliated to SLOF (the Swedish professional association and trade union). The response rate was 72.5% (n = 758). Thirty per cent worked with people with aphasia and typically met with their families. The participants considered the involvement of families as very important, especially concerning providing information of aphasia and training of communication strategies. However, involvement of families was limited due to a shortage of time, but also to perceived limited skill and knowledge. There was an evident discrepancy between what the participants claimed to be an important part of their work, and their actual practice. It is suggested that to facilitate family intervention, this should be explicitly expressed in both local and national guidelines. The content of the SLP education, and the need of further education and implementation of new knowledge into clinical practice also requires consideration.

Research paper thumbnail of Communication changes and SLP services according to significant others of persons with aphasia

Aphasiology, 2012

Background: Significant others are important to persons with aphasia. For several reasons they sh... more Background: Significant others are important to persons with aphasia. For several reasons they should be involved in speech-language pathology (SLP) services, including acquiring facilitating communicative strategies and receiving support. In order to further adapt SLP services there is a need to know the perceptions and views of the significant others. Little is known about how they perceive changes in communication

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of Varying Engine Settings on Combustion Parameters, Emissions, Soot and Temperature Distributions in Low Temperature Combustion of Fischer-Tropsch and Swedish Diesel Fuels

SAE Technical Paper Series, 2009

Engineering technical paper: Effects of Varying Engine Settings on Combustion Parameters, Emissio... more Engineering technical paper: Effects of Varying Engine Settings on Combustion Parameters, Emissions, Soot and Temperature Distributions in Low Temperature Combustion of Fischer-Tropsch and Swedish Diesel Fuels.

Research paper thumbnail of 3D CFD Modeling of a Biodiesel-Fueled Diesel Engine Based on a Detailed Chemical Mechanism

SAE Technical Paper Series, 2012

Research paper thumbnail of The COMFORT behavioural scale and the modified FLACC scale in paediatric intensive care

Nursing in Critical Care, 2009

Aims and objectives: To evaluate the concurrent validity and reliability of the behavioural COMFO... more Aims and objectives: To evaluate the concurrent validity and reliability of the behavioural COMFORT and a modified version of the FLACC scale for assessment of pain and sedation in intubated and ventilated children and to evaluate the construct validity of the FLACC scale for assessment of pain. Background: Few instruments are available for assessment of pain/sedation in paediatric intensive care. Design: A prospective observational study was performed postoperatively in 40 children aged 0-10 years. Methods: Two trained nurses observed the child simultaneously and assessing COMFORT behavioural (COMFORT-B) and FLACC scores. In comparison, two bedside nurses concurrently scored pain using an observational visual analogue scale (VAS obs ) and sedation using the Nurse Interpretation of Sedation (NIS) score: oversedated, adequately or insufficient sedated. In 20 additional patients, one nurse assessed FLACC scores before and after analgesics. Results: The majority of patients were <1 year. A moderate but significant correlation was found between each scale and both sedation and VAS obs . COMFORT-B differentiated better than FLACC between the three sedation levels. For those assessed to be in pain (VAS obs > 3), both COMFORT-B and FLACC scores were significantly different compared with VAS obs < 3. The interrater reliability was high for COMFORT-B and FLACC (kappa 0Á71 and 0Á63, respectively). For bedside nurses' assessment of pain, the interrater reliability was high (kappa 0Á63) but low for the level of sedation (kappa 0Á20). After administration of analgesics, the FLACC median score decreased significantly from 5 to 0. Conclusions: The COMFORT-B scale was a more reliable measure of children's sedation than bedside subjective assessment and gives more substantial information about sedation than the FLACC scale. Concurrent validity for assessment of pain was supported for both scales. The modified FLACC showed construct validity for measuring pain. Relevance to clinical practice: The use of validated scales may improve the assessment and management of pain and sedation in intubated children.

Research paper thumbnail of NOx and soot emissions trends for RME, SME and PME fuels using engine and spray experiments in combination with simulations

Research paper thumbnail of How do we work with persons with aphasia and their relatives? : Preliminary results from a survey of Swedish speech and language pathologists

Research paper thumbnail of Use of the levonorgestrel releasing-intrauterine system in nulliparous women – a non-interventional study in Sweden

The European Journal of Contraception and Reproductive Health Care, 2011

To evaluate the insertion procedure and continuation rates of the levonorgestrel releasing-intrau... more To evaluate the insertion procedure and continuation rates of the levonorgestrel releasing-intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) in nulliparous women who, due to fear of complications, are often denied this very effective contraceptive method. A non-interventional study of 224 nulliparous women attending family planning services for insertion of a LNG-IUS. There were only six unsuccessful insertions. The insertions, mostly carried out by midwives, were regarded as easy by 72% of the inserters. Nineteen women (9%) considered the procedure to have been painless, 162 (72%) moderately painful, and 39 (17%), severely painful. At follow-up, 12-16 weeks post-insertion, 76% (165/216) of the women were satisfied with their method. Women in the youngest age group were more satisfied than women in the oldest age group (75% and 59%, respectively). Only 5% were dissatisfied. Neither perforations nor pregnancies were reported during the whole study period. Our results support the current practice in Sweden of offering LNG-IUS routinely to nulliparous women.

Research paper thumbnail of Beskrivning av den svenska logopedkårens sammansättning samt av "afasilogopeders" arbetsmässiga förutsättningar - resultat från en enkätstudie

Research paper thumbnail of Svenska logopeders insatser till personer med afasi

Research paper thumbnail of Use of the levonorgestrel releasing-intrauterine system in nulliparous women--a non-interventional study in Sweden

The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception, 2011

To evaluate the insertion procedure and continuation rates of the levonorgestrel releasing-intrau... more To evaluate the insertion procedure and continuation rates of the levonorgestrel releasing-intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) in nulliparous women who, due to fear of complications, are often denied this very effective contraceptive method. A non-interventional study of 224 nulliparous women attending family planning services for insertion of a LNG-IUS. There were only six unsuccessful insertions. The insertions, mostly carried out by midwives, were regarded as easy by 72% of the inserters. Nineteen women (9%) considered the procedure to have been painless, 162 (72%) moderately painful, and 39 (17%), severely painful. At follow-up, 12-16 weeks post-insertion, 76% (165/216) of the women were satisfied with their method. Women in the youngest age group were more satisfied than women in the oldest age group (75% and 59%, respectively). Only 5% were dissatisfied. Neither perforations nor pregnancies were reported during the whole study period. Our results support the current practice in Swed...

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison between permeability coefficients in rat and human jejunum

Pharmaceutical research, 1996

Our main aim is to determine the effective intestinal permeability (Peff) in the rat jejunum in s... more Our main aim is to determine the effective intestinal permeability (Peff) in the rat jejunum in situ for 10 compounds with different absorption mechanisms and a broad range of physico chemical properties, and then compare them with corresponding historical human in vivo Peff values. The rat Peff coefficients are determined using an in situ perfusion model in anaesthetized animals. The perfusion flow rate used is 0.2 ml/min, which is 10 times lower than that used in humans. The viability of the method is assessed by testing the physiological function of the rat intestine during perfusions. The Peff for passively absorbed compounds is on average 3.6 times higher in humans compared to rats (Peff, man = 3.6 x Peff.rat+ 0.03.10(-4); R]2 = 1.00). Solutes with carrier-mediated absorption deviate from this relationship, which indicates that an absolute scaling of active processes from animal to man is difficult, and therefore needs further investigation. The fraction absorbed of drugs after...

Research paper thumbnail of Engine Performance and Emissions Formation for RME and Conventional Diesel Oil: A Comparative Study

ASME 2009 Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference, 2009

Research paper thumbnail of 3D CFD Modeling of a Biodiesel-Fueled Diesel Engine Based on a Detailed Chemical Mechanism

SAE Technical Paper Series, 2012

Research paper thumbnail of Experiences of Conversation with Persons with Aphasia and Speech-Language Pathologists Measure

Research paper thumbnail of Foliar uptake of Cd by pea (Pisum sativum) and sugar beet (Beta vulgaris)

Physiologia Plantarum, 1993

Copynf-hi © rhy.^mu>^i:, Fim,<irm» / /.S'S'.V W^h9^l7 ... Foliar uptake of Cd by ... more Copynf-hi © rhy.^mu>^i:, Fim,<irm» / /.S'S'.V W^h9^l7 ... Foliar uptake of Cd by pea (Pisum sativum) and sugar beet ... Maria Greger, Monica Johansson, Alvar Stihl and Karim Hamza ... Greger, M.. Johansson, M., Stihl. A. and Hamza, K. 1993. Foliar uptake of Cd by pea ...

Research paper thumbnail of Cadmium effects on leaf transpiration of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris)

Physiologia Plantarum, 1992

Cadmium effects on leaf transpiration of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris). -Physiol, Plant. 86: 46.S-47... more Cadmium effects on leaf transpiration of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris). -Physiol, Plant. 86: 46.S-473, Seedlings of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L, cv Monohill) were cultivated for 4 weeks in nutrient solution containing different concentrations of CdClj (0 to 10 fiM).

Research paper thumbnail of Aluminium effects on Scenedesmus obtusiusculus with different phosphorus status. I. Mineral uptake

Physiologia Plantarum, 1992

. Alunninium effects on Scenedesmus obtusiuseulus with different phosphorus status. I. Synchronou... more . Alunninium effects on Scenedesmus obtusiuseulus with different phosphorus status. I. Synchronously growing cultures of the unicellular green alga Scenedesmus obtusiuseulus were cultivated for 24 and 72 h in the presence or absence of phosphorus. Aluminium chloride (37, 74, 111, 148, 185, or 222 [xmol) was added daily to 1 I cell suspension at the end of the cell division phase. As AICI3 decreases the pH of the growth medium, contro.|s were run in media with low pH in the absence of AICI^. Samples for analysis of the internal (net uptake) and external (bound to cell surface) levels of Al, Mg. P, Ca, and Fe were taken every second hour during a 24 h period or once after 72 h. The investigation shows that the intraceliular aluminium in Scenedesmus affects the nutrient status of the cells. A high intracellular level of Al is in consort with an enhancement of the intracellular fractions of Mg, P, Ca and Fe. The increase in net uptake of the minerals measured in the presence of Al is not due to an Al-induced lowering of the pH, caused by Al. The concentrations of Al, Mg. P, Ca and Fe in the ceils are generally lower during the dark period of the cell cycle, when the cells are dividing, than during the light period. A peak in mineral concentration of the cells could be monitored in the middle of the 24 h life cycle of the cells. The intracellular Al level is. higher when the growth medium is iow in P than in phosphorus-rich medium, due to precipitation of aluminium-phosphate both in medium and at cell surfaces. The extracellular A! and P fractions are thus higher in the presence than in the absence of P. The highest Al content monitored in the cells is about 100 nmol Al (10' cells)"'. A large fraction of Al initially taken up after addition to the medium is subsequently released from the cells during the 24 h cell cycle. The results are interpreted as Ai effects on the plasma membrane, thus indirectly affecting various mechanisms for ion transport across the membrane. There are also indications that a surface covered with aluminium-phosphate, formed at high P level in the medium, may prevent ion uptake.

Research paper thumbnail of Aggregation effects due to aluminum adsorption to cell walls of the unicellular green alga Scenedesmus obtusiusculus

Phycological Research, 2004

Cells of the unicellular green alga Scenedesmus obtusiusculus Chod. were cultivated for 2-24 h in... more Cells of the unicellular green alga Scenedesmus obtusiusculus Chod. were cultivated for 2-24 h in nutrient media with low (60 µ mol/L) or high (1000 µ mol/L) phosphorus (P) concentration, and in the presence or absence of 222 µ mol/L aluminum chloride (Al). Cell aggregation was studied by using light microscope, sedimentation and centrifugation. After 2 h, Al was adsorbed to the cell surface and cell aggregates were formed by the attraction of the cells to each other. Aluminum is bound by the negative charges of the cell walls, and studies at different pH showed that a high proportion of positively charged Al forms promote cell aggregation. This effect was most pronounced in low phosphorus cultures as phosphate reduces the effect of Al on cell aggregation by forming aluminum-phosphate. Algae cultivated in the absence of Al did not show any cell aggregation tendencies.

Research paper thumbnail of Communication difficulties and the use of communication strategies: from the perspective of individuals with aphasia

International journal of language & communication disorders / Royal College of Speech & Language Therapists, 2012

Background: To enhance communicative ability and thereby the possibility of increased participati... more Background: To enhance communicative ability and thereby the possibility of increased participation of persons with aphasia, the use of communication strategies has been proposed. However, little is known about how persons with aphasia experience having conversations and how they perceive their own and their conversation partner's use of communication strategies. Aims: To explore how people with aphasia experience having conversations, how they handle communication difficulties, and how they perceive their own and their communication partners' use of communication strategies. Methods & Procedures: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with four women and seven men with chronic aphasia (n = 11). Interviews were video-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed by qualitative content analysis. Outcomes & Results: Informants appreciated having conversations despite the fact that they perceived their aphasia as a serious hindrance. Different factors related to the informan...

Research paper thumbnail of Working with families of persons with aphasia: a survey of Swedish speech and language pathologists

Disability and Rehabilitation, 2011

The overall aim was to investigate how speech and language pathologists (SLPs), in Sweden are wor... more The overall aim was to investigate how speech and language pathologists (SLPs), in Sweden are working with people with aphasia and their families and what their professional experiences are. A cross-sectional study with a descriptive and comparative design. An 84-item study-specific questionnaire was sent to all Swedish SLPs, affiliated to SLOF (the Swedish professional association and trade union). The response rate was 72.5% (n = 758). Thirty per cent worked with people with aphasia and typically met with their families. The participants considered the involvement of families as very important, especially concerning providing information of aphasia and training of communication strategies. However, involvement of families was limited due to a shortage of time, but also to perceived limited skill and knowledge. There was an evident discrepancy between what the participants claimed to be an important part of their work, and their actual practice. It is suggested that to facilitate family intervention, this should be explicitly expressed in both local and national guidelines. The content of the SLP education, and the need of further education and implementation of new knowledge into clinical practice also requires consideration.

Research paper thumbnail of Communication changes and SLP services according to significant others of persons with aphasia

Aphasiology, 2012

Background: Significant others are important to persons with aphasia. For several reasons they sh... more Background: Significant others are important to persons with aphasia. For several reasons they should be involved in speech-language pathology (SLP) services, including acquiring facilitating communicative strategies and receiving support. In order to further adapt SLP services there is a need to know the perceptions and views of the significant others. Little is known about how they perceive changes in communication