Moses Apunda - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
An informed energy and environmental researcher who has extensive knowledge of how to assess energy and environmental problems and then develop and implement suitable approach to solve them.A well-presented, self-motivated and confident Mechanical Engineer who has extensive knowledge of how to assess engineering problems and then develop and implement suitable approach to solve them
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Wind is one of the growing alternative sources of energy in the world offering solutions to the d... more Wind is one of the growing alternative sources of energy in the world offering solutions to the depleting fossil fuels which have continuously polluted the atmosphere by emission of the greenhouse gases. Although wind has proved to be a viable source of green energy, wind turbine machinery construction is accompanied by a lot of challenges during both construction and operation which are at times considered minor but still exhibits tangible impacts. As well, wind energy comes with a number of opportunities both socially and economically. This paper therefore focuses on the challenges and opportunities created by the construction of wind turbine for energy generation. Studies from different authors are analysed and critically reviewed with a comparison made on both the pros and cons of the wind turbine as an alternative source of green energy after which a conclusion is drawn as to why this type of energy generation is preferred to conventional energy sources.
In this work, Combined Heat and Power (CHP) is critically discussed and its application analytica... more In this work, Combined Heat and Power (CHP) is critically discussed and its application analytically compared with alternative energy source.CHP efficiency was first compared with the conventional generation and realised that, for equivalent heat and power production, CHP exhibits a higher efficiency than conventional generation. For example, energy input of 215J and 170J for Conventional generation and CHP respectively produces equal amounts of heat and power with CHP having efficiency of 76.5% which is 16.5% more efficient than the conventional type with 60%. Factors influencing the choice of a CHP plant such as financial considerations, Environmental and Compliance considerations, Site Specific considerations and Technical parameters Considerations are vastly discussed. Since the choice of a CHP and its application depends on the type of the prime mover, different types of the CHPs and their applications were then discussed to understand their working principles and the choice of...
Pyrolysis oil from wood pellets was upgraded in this research by catalytic hydrotreatment in a 10... more Pyrolysis oil from wood pellets was upgraded in this research by catalytic hydrotreatment in a 100 ml batch reactor. Four heterogeneous 5% metal catalysts (Ru, Ni, Rh, and Ni) were used at different hydrotreatment temperatures (250 oC and 300 oC). Two different set-ups were also used with formic acid and with only bio-oil. The products of the reforming using two temperature conditions were then analysed and compared. The results showed that higher temperature yielded a lot of char compared to lower temperature giving low bio-oil recovery and poor carbon yield in the bio-oil. Also higher temperature resulted into the production of more carbon dioxide gas and hydrocarbon gases. Ru catalyst appeared to be the best among all the catalysts in reducing the amount oxygen wt-% by 42.12% at 250 oC. Ru treated bio-oil also registered the highest composition of the lightest compounds of about 88.5% compared to initial bio-oil which only had 30.6%. Elemental analyses results show that all the u...
Wind is one of the growing alternative sources of energy in the world offering solutions to the d... more Wind is one of the growing alternative sources of energy in the world offering solutions to the depleting fossil fuels which have continuously polluted the atmosphere by emission of the greenhouse gases. Although wind has proved to be a viable source of green energy, wind turbine machinery construction is accompanied by a lot of challenges during both construction and operation which are at times considered minor but still exhibits tangible impacts. As well, wind energy comes with a number of opportunities both socially and economically. This paper therefore focuses on the challenges and opportunities created by the construction of wind turbine for energy generation. Studies from different authors are analysed and critically reviewed with a comparison made on both the pros and cons of the wind turbine as an alternative source of green energy after which a conclusion is drawn as to why this type of energy generation is preferred to conventional energy sources.
In this work, Combined Heat and Power (CHP) is critically discussed and its application analytica... more In this work, Combined Heat and Power (CHP) is critically discussed and its application analytically compared with alternative energy source.CHP efficiency was first compared with the conventional generation and realised that, for equivalent heat and power production, CHP exhibits a higher efficiency than conventional generation. For example, energy input of 215J and 170J for Conventional generation and CHP respectively produces equal amounts of heat and power with CHP having efficiency of 76.5% which is 16.5% more efficient than the conventional type with 60%. Factors influencing the choice of a CHP plant such as financial considerations, Environmental and Compliance considerations, Site Specific considerations and Technical parameters Considerations are vastly discussed. Since the choice of a CHP and its application depends on the type of the prime mover, different types of the CHPs and their applications were then discussed to understand their working principles and the choice of...
Pyrolysis oil from wood pellets was upgraded in this research by catalytic hydrotreatment in a 10... more Pyrolysis oil from wood pellets was upgraded in this research by catalytic hydrotreatment in a 100 ml batch reactor. Four heterogeneous 5% metal catalysts (Ru, Ni, Rh, and Ni) were used at different hydrotreatment temperatures (250 oC and 300 oC). Two different set-ups were also used with formic acid and with only bio-oil. The products of the reforming using two temperature conditions were then analysed and compared. The results showed that higher temperature yielded a lot of char compared to lower temperature giving low bio-oil recovery and poor carbon yield in the bio-oil. Also higher temperature resulted into the production of more carbon dioxide gas and hydrocarbon gases. Ru catalyst appeared to be the best among all the catalysts in reducing the amount oxygen wt-% by 42.12% at 250 oC. Ru treated bio-oil also registered the highest composition of the lightest compounds of about 88.5% compared to initial bio-oil which only had 30.6%. Elemental analyses results show that all the u...