Mouaïmine Mazou - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Mouaïmine Mazou
Vers une production durable et innovante de biocarburants en adéquation avec les potentiels et le... more Vers une production durable et innovante de biocarburants en adéquation avec les potentiels et les besoins de l'Afrique PRONOVABIO est un projet de recherche sur les biocarburants financé par l'Union Africaine sur fonds de l'Union Européenne. Ce document a été élaboré par les partenaires du projet.
Journal of Applied Biosciences, Apr 3, 2017
Catalysis by Candida antarctica B (CALB) immobilized on natural pure silica by adsorption: compar... more Catalysis by Candida antarctica B (CALB) immobilized on natural pure silica by adsorption: comparison with the free enzyme
American journal of chemical engineering, 2021
In cheese making industry, plant enzymes are used to produce cheese. In Ouest Africa, they produc... more In cheese making industry, plant enzymes are used to produce cheese. In Ouest Africa, they produced the cheese "waragashi" with the mix milk and the plant Calotropis procera. The objective of our study is to assess ability to coagulate milk of the latex from news plants Plumeria alba and Plumeria rubra. If the two plants can supplied Calotropis procera in cheese making. For the results, we observed that the latex of Plumeria alba and Plumeria rubra are richer in proteins and mineral elements than the latex of Calotropis procera. It appears that the milk clotting and proteolytic activities of the latex of Plumeria alba and Plumeria rubra reached their optimum at 75°C while those of Calotropis procera reached the optimum at 55°C but remained active above 60 and 70°C. The Proteolytic Activity of the latex of C. procera and the two species of Plumeria was maximal at concentrations of 10% and 20% in the reaction medium, respectively. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that Plumeria alba latex had proteins with molecular weights of 10 and 25 kDa while the molecular weights Plumeria rubra latex proteins were 10, 25, 45kDa. The MCA/ PA ratio of Calotropis procera, Plumeria alba and Plumeria rubra was 1142.86; 810.81 and 576.92 respectively. These two Plumeria latex could validly replace C. procera latex in the production of cheese.
Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences, 2019
The Peuhl cheese (Waragashi, Warangachi, Wagashi, or Wara in local language) is a soft cheese wit... more The Peuhl cheese (Waragashi, Warangachi, Wagashi, or Wara in local language) is a soft cheese with a high nutritional value, prepared by coagulation of whole milk under the action of calotropaïne, a plant enzyme from Calotropis procera. In this study, Plumeria alba latex has been used as an alternative source of enzymes for the production of Waragashi cheese. The effect of temperature on the milk-clotting activity (MCA), as well as the physicochemical properties of the Waragashi cheeses were investigated and compared with the ones prepared with C. procera and C. papaya latices. C. procera and C. papaya latices exhibited a maximum MCA at temperatures close to 55°C, while P. alba latex exhibited a maximum MCA at temperatures close to 80°C. Waragashi cheese produced using P. alba showed textural properties comparable with those prepared using C. procera, while the yield of production varied as a function of the quantity of the different coagulants and milk temperature. The results of these studies, it is clear that the P. alba latex can be used to produce Waragashi cheese, similar to the latices of C. procera and C. papaya. the next challenge of this study is to verify the toxicity of P. Alba latex.
International journal of advanced research, Oct 31, 2016
Journal of Applied Biosciences, May 16, 2017
Objective: The search for lipase with distinct features, from plant latex is of great importance ... more Objective: The search for lipase with distinct features, from plant latex is of great importance for industrial applications. The catalytic properties of lipases from Ficus trichopoda and Euphorbia unispina latex were characterized. Methodology and Results: Fresh latex from Ficus trichopoda and Euphorbia unispina were collected and dried through solar. Dried latex was taken for complete proximate analysis and their activity was analysed by thin layer chromatography. The two lipases were optimally active at pH=5 and temperature of 35°C and 50°C for Ficus trichopoda and Euphorbia unispina latex, respectively. The presence of metal ions enhances the activity of Ficus trichopoda latex, while no significant enhancement was observed in the case of Euphorbia unispina latex. Both lipases were able to hydrolyze saturated esters, and showed typo-selectivity for this group. However, the lipases are weak selective for the hydrolysis of unsaturated esters, especially for 18:2 fatty acids. Conclusions and application of finding: The enzyme from Ficus trichopoda latex was able to attack specific oil to generate free fatty acids or ester as the major product. This understanding may help in devising efficient methods to produce valuable modified oils.
African Journal of Biotechnology, Jul 13, 2016
Industrial-scale processes currently developed make use of chemical catalysis processes that are ... more Industrial-scale processes currently developed make use of chemical catalysis processes that are highly efficient but require very complex product purification steps. Enzymatic catalysis through plant lipases as biocatalysts is an alternative which, in contrast to chemical catalysis processes, appeared simple to perform, and can be done at low investment cost. Although microbial lipases have been extensively studied, little research has been focused on the use of plant lipases namely plant latex lipases. The present article outlines the most advanced knowledge concerning plant latex characterization in order to show how plant latex can be a promising alternative to catalyze transesterification for biodiesel production. This paper provides an overview regarding the main aspects of latex, such as the reactions catalyzed, physiological functions, specificities, sources and their industrial applications.
American journal of chemical engineering, 2017
The immobilization of the lipase of Candida antartica B (LCAB) by adsorption on a natural silica ... more The immobilization of the lipase of Candida antartica B (LCAB) by adsorption on a natural silica support carried out to develop the adsorbent local supports. Immobilization conditions and characterization of the immobilized enzyme were investigated. Response surface methodology (RSM) and 3-level-3-factor fractional factorial design were employed to evaluate the effects of immobilization parameters, such as immobilization time (5-25 hour), immobilization temperature (25-45°C), and enzyme/support ratio (0.1-0.5, w/w), on yield of lipase immobilization on the support. The optimum immobilization conditions were as follows: immobilization time 18 hours, immobilization temperature 20°C, and enzyme / support ratio 0.5 (w/w); with a yield immobilization of 56,13 mg / g. The immobilization lipase shows hydrolytic and synthesis satisfactory activity.
International Journal of Food Science
The objective of this work is to determine the physicochemical characteristics of the Detarium mi... more The objective of this work is to determine the physicochemical characteristics of the Detarium microcarpum seeds from North Benin, specially the proximate composition, colour, minerals, and antinutritional factors using standard analytical methods. The results show that the contents of moisture, protein, total sugars, lipid, crude fiber, and ash ranged, respectively, from 10.85 to 14.69%, from 13.54 to 17.82%, from 19.69 to 32.04%, from 8.68 to 11.90%, from 19.78 to 34.24%, and from 1.5 to 3.49%. The luminance (l ∗ ), red saturation (a ∗ ), and yellow saturation (b ∗ ) have, respectively, ranged from 60.45 to 67.64, from 5.44 to 8.86, and from 8.24 to 9.28. Seeds contain interesting contents of potassium, calcium, magnesium, manganese, sodium, and iron; they have, respectively, varied from 6141.88 to 12305.16 mg/kg, from 1254.47 to 2168.62 mg/kg, from 1298.87 to 2533.06 mg/kg, from 75.18 to 307.23 mg/kg, from 53.52 to 136.19 mg/kg, and from 28.46 to 181.42 mg/kg. The investigation o...
American Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2021
In cheese making industry, plant enzymes are used to produce cheese. In Ouest Africa, they produc... more In cheese making industry, plant enzymes are used to produce cheese. In Ouest Africa, they produced the cheese “waragashi” with the mix milk and the plant Calotropis procera. The objective of our study is to assess ability to coagulate milk of the latex from news plants Plumeria alba and Plumeria rubra. If the two plants can supplied Calotropis procera in cheese making. For the results, we observed that the latex of Plumeria alba and Plumeria rubra are richer in proteins and mineral elements than the latex of Calotropis procera. It appears that the milk clotting and proteolytic activities of the latex of Plumeria alba and Plumeria rubra reached their optimum at 75°C while those of Calotropis procera reached the optimum at 55°C but remained active above 60 and 70°C. The Proteolytic Activity of the latex of C. procera and the two species of Plumeria was maximal at concentrations of 10% and 20% in the reaction medium, respectively. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that Plume...
American Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2018
Shea seeds were collected in 8 regions of Chad and the butters of their almonds were extracted by... more Shea seeds were collected in 8 regions of Chad and the butters of their almonds were extracted by refluxing with hexane. The quality index (acid, peroxide, iodine and saponification index), the acylglycerol and fatty acid compositions and the proportions of phenolic compounds and chlorophylls of these various butters were evaluated by standardized conventional methods. Chad Shea almonds are very rich in butters (average of 54.24 ± 4.89%), especially that of Mandoul (61.18%). These Shea butters have excellent quality index and contain high proportions of triacylglycerols (TAG: 76.15 ± 7.33%). The major TAGs are distearylolylglycerol (SOS: 49.17-54.43%), dioleylstearylglycerol (SOO: 32.29-35.70%), and dioleylpalmitylglycerol (POO: 3.57-4.66%). This profile revealed a minor content of Chad Shea butter in arachidic, gadoleic, and linolenic acid. However, Mandoul Region Shea butter has the highest proportion of phenolic compounds (7.24 mg GAE/100 g), relatively no chlorophyll was found.
Vers une production durable et innovante de biocarburants en adéquation avec les potentiels et le... more Vers une production durable et innovante de biocarburants en adéquation avec les potentiels et les besoins de l'Afrique PRONOVABIO est un projet de recherche sur les biocarburants financé par l'Union Africaine sur fonds de l'Union Européenne. Ce document a été élaboré par les partenaires du projet.
La diminution des reserves de combustibles fossiles et l'augmentation de la consommation d... more La diminution des reserves de combustibles fossiles et l'augmentation de la consommation d'energie ont stimule l'interet de la recherche pour les sources d’energies renouvelables. Le biodiesel est une des alternatives les plus prometteuses. La catalyse chimique, presente un impact ecologique negatif, avec des conditions de reaction tres severes. La catalyse biologique utilisant les lipases (E.C.3.1.1.3) est en plein essor grâce a sa biocompatibilite et biodegradabilite. Elle offre un environnement reactionnel modere. Mais le prix eleve des enzymes constitue un frein au developpement de ce type de catalyse. Cependant l’immobilisation s’avere etre une solution d’approche. Cette etude a donc pour objectif l’optimisation de la preparation enzymatique par adsorption de la LCAB sur un adsorbant naturel pour la production de biodiesel par catalyse enzymatique d’huile de Jatropha curcas . Les biocatalyseurs ont ete testes en mesurant les activites, hydrolytique, d’esterificati...
L’usage des biocarburants dans les pays du sud connait un regain d’interet favorise par l’intensi... more L’usage des biocarburants dans les pays du sud connait un regain d’interet favorise par l’intensification du cout du petrole. Afin de mettre en place un procede minimisant les couts et les pollutions, d’importantes activites de recherche ont ete consacrees a l'identification de catalyseurs solides appropries pour ameliorer les rendements en reduisant le cout de production du biodiesel. La presente recherche a permis de caracterise le latex de Ficus trichopoda dans des reactions d’hydrolyse et de transferts d’acyles afin de mettre au point des procedes innovants de synthese de biocarburants, pour moteur diesel. L’huile de palme raffinee a ete agitee mecaniquement en presence de latex bruts de F. trichopoda . L’activite optimale a ete notee a pH 5. Les mouvements moleculaires issus de l’agitation thermique croissantes du milieu reactionnel, font croitre l’activite enzymatique lorsque la temperature augmente jusqu’a une valeur seuil de 35°C. Par ailleurs, bien que l'activite a...
Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences, 2019
The Peuhl cheese (Waragashi, Warangachi, Wagashi, or Wara in local language) is a soft cheese wit... more The Peuhl cheese (Waragashi, Warangachi, Wagashi, or Wara in local language) is a soft cheese with a high nutritional value, prepared by coagulation of whole milk under the action of calotropaïne, a plant enzyme from Calotropis procera. In this study, Plumeria alba latex has been used as an alternative source of enzymes for the production of Waragashi cheese. The effect of temperature on the milk-clotting activity (MCA), as well as the physicochemical properties of the Waragashi cheeses were investigated and compared with the ones prepared with C. procera and C. papaya latices. C. procera and C. papaya latices exhibited a maximum MCA at temperatures close to 55°C, while P. alba latex exhibited a maximum MCA at temperatures close to 80°C. Waragashi cheese produced using P. alba showed textural properties comparable with those prepared using C. procera, while the yield of production varied as a function of the quantity of the different coagulants and milk temperature. The results of these studies, it is clear that the P. alba latex can be used to produce Waragashi cheese, similar to the latices of C. procera and C. papaya. the next challenge of this study is to verify the toxicity of P. Alba latex.
International Journal of Advanced Research, 2018
Journal of Applied Biosciences, 2017
Objective: The search for lipase with distinct features, from plant latex is of great importance ... more Objective: The search for lipase with distinct features, from plant latex is of great importance for industrial applications. The catalytic properties of lipases from Ficus trichopoda and Euphorbia unispina latex were characterized. Methodology and Results: Fresh latex from Ficus trichopoda and Euphorbia unispina were collected and dried through solar. Dried latex was taken for complete proximate analysis and their activity was analysed by thin layer chromatography. The two lipases were optimally active at pH=5 and temperature of 35°C and 50°C for Ficus trichopoda and Euphorbia unispina latex, respectively. The presence of metal ions enhances the activity of Ficus trichopoda latex, while no significant enhancement was observed in the case of Euphorbia unispina latex. Both lipases were able to hydrolyze saturated esters, and showed typo-selectivity for this group. However, the lipases are weak selective for the hydrolysis of unsaturated esters, especially for 18:2 fatty acids. Conclusions and application of finding: The enzyme from Ficus trichopoda latex was able to attack specific oil to generate free fatty acids or ester as the major product. This understanding may help in devising efficient methods to produce valuable modified oils.
Journal of Applied Biosciences, 2017
Catalysis by Candida antarctica B (CALB) immobilized on natural pure silica by adsorption: compar... more Catalysis by Candida antarctica B (CALB) immobilized on natural pure silica by adsorption: comparison with the free enzyme
International Journal of Advanced Research, 2016
This work focused on optimization of biodiesel production from vegetal oil catalyzed by Ficustric... more This work focused on optimization of biodiesel production from vegetal oil catalyzed by Ficustrichopoda latex using a response surface analysis. Ethanol substrate molar ratio, enzyme amount (latex), water activity, reaction duration, agitation speed and reaction temperature were examined. After use a box-Behnken design, the Plackett-Murman design were use as screening test to sort the factors while emphasizing most influential. The function of desirability shows that the value of the coefficient of maximum yield of EE estimated by the model (45,96%) corresponds to the values of the levels according to: aw = 0,63; latex rate = 24,85% ; reaction duration 7 days and molar ratio TG:Eth (1:5). It appears that the recycling of latexes of F. trichopoda as biocatalyst after two cycle catalytic of transesterification is not for the moment possible.
The effect of the storage temperature on the physico-chemical and microbiological composition of ... more The effect of the storage temperature on the physico-chemical and microbiological composition of waragashi cheese was investigated. For this study, three batch waragashi cheese productions from 10 L of fresh cow milk were investigated. Salted waragashi cheese (7%) was stored for four weeks at -2, 6, and 25°C temperatures and was compared to untreated cheese. Fresh waragashi cheese contained 69.7% moisture, 30.3% total solids, 0.1% acidity (d.b), 11.4% fat (d.b), 7.5 N texture, and a pH of 6.8. At the end of 4 weeks storage, the moisture, the fat, the pH and the texture of salted waragashi cheese at 25°C were 40.09%, 11.45%, 5.0, and 9.97 N, respectively. Significant (p < 0.05) variations were found in texture between samples of stored waragashi at -2 and 6°C. However, salted waragashi cheese at low temperature showed similar physico-chemical and microbiological characteristics to that recommended in various norms. At the same temperature, microbial count of stored waragashi chees...
Vers une production durable et innovante de biocarburants en adéquation avec les potentiels et le... more Vers une production durable et innovante de biocarburants en adéquation avec les potentiels et les besoins de l'Afrique PRONOVABIO est un projet de recherche sur les biocarburants financé par l'Union Africaine sur fonds de l'Union Européenne. Ce document a été élaboré par les partenaires du projet.
Journal of Applied Biosciences, Apr 3, 2017
Catalysis by Candida antarctica B (CALB) immobilized on natural pure silica by adsorption: compar... more Catalysis by Candida antarctica B (CALB) immobilized on natural pure silica by adsorption: comparison with the free enzyme
American journal of chemical engineering, 2021
In cheese making industry, plant enzymes are used to produce cheese. In Ouest Africa, they produc... more In cheese making industry, plant enzymes are used to produce cheese. In Ouest Africa, they produced the cheese "waragashi" with the mix milk and the plant Calotropis procera. The objective of our study is to assess ability to coagulate milk of the latex from news plants Plumeria alba and Plumeria rubra. If the two plants can supplied Calotropis procera in cheese making. For the results, we observed that the latex of Plumeria alba and Plumeria rubra are richer in proteins and mineral elements than the latex of Calotropis procera. It appears that the milk clotting and proteolytic activities of the latex of Plumeria alba and Plumeria rubra reached their optimum at 75°C while those of Calotropis procera reached the optimum at 55°C but remained active above 60 and 70°C. The Proteolytic Activity of the latex of C. procera and the two species of Plumeria was maximal at concentrations of 10% and 20% in the reaction medium, respectively. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that Plumeria alba latex had proteins with molecular weights of 10 and 25 kDa while the molecular weights Plumeria rubra latex proteins were 10, 25, 45kDa. The MCA/ PA ratio of Calotropis procera, Plumeria alba and Plumeria rubra was 1142.86; 810.81 and 576.92 respectively. These two Plumeria latex could validly replace C. procera latex in the production of cheese.
Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences, 2019
The Peuhl cheese (Waragashi, Warangachi, Wagashi, or Wara in local language) is a soft cheese wit... more The Peuhl cheese (Waragashi, Warangachi, Wagashi, or Wara in local language) is a soft cheese with a high nutritional value, prepared by coagulation of whole milk under the action of calotropaïne, a plant enzyme from Calotropis procera. In this study, Plumeria alba latex has been used as an alternative source of enzymes for the production of Waragashi cheese. The effect of temperature on the milk-clotting activity (MCA), as well as the physicochemical properties of the Waragashi cheeses were investigated and compared with the ones prepared with C. procera and C. papaya latices. C. procera and C. papaya latices exhibited a maximum MCA at temperatures close to 55°C, while P. alba latex exhibited a maximum MCA at temperatures close to 80°C. Waragashi cheese produced using P. alba showed textural properties comparable with those prepared using C. procera, while the yield of production varied as a function of the quantity of the different coagulants and milk temperature. The results of these studies, it is clear that the P. alba latex can be used to produce Waragashi cheese, similar to the latices of C. procera and C. papaya. the next challenge of this study is to verify the toxicity of P. Alba latex.
International journal of advanced research, Oct 31, 2016
Journal of Applied Biosciences, May 16, 2017
Objective: The search for lipase with distinct features, from plant latex is of great importance ... more Objective: The search for lipase with distinct features, from plant latex is of great importance for industrial applications. The catalytic properties of lipases from Ficus trichopoda and Euphorbia unispina latex were characterized. Methodology and Results: Fresh latex from Ficus trichopoda and Euphorbia unispina were collected and dried through solar. Dried latex was taken for complete proximate analysis and their activity was analysed by thin layer chromatography. The two lipases were optimally active at pH=5 and temperature of 35°C and 50°C for Ficus trichopoda and Euphorbia unispina latex, respectively. The presence of metal ions enhances the activity of Ficus trichopoda latex, while no significant enhancement was observed in the case of Euphorbia unispina latex. Both lipases were able to hydrolyze saturated esters, and showed typo-selectivity for this group. However, the lipases are weak selective for the hydrolysis of unsaturated esters, especially for 18:2 fatty acids. Conclusions and application of finding: The enzyme from Ficus trichopoda latex was able to attack specific oil to generate free fatty acids or ester as the major product. This understanding may help in devising efficient methods to produce valuable modified oils.
African Journal of Biotechnology, Jul 13, 2016
Industrial-scale processes currently developed make use of chemical catalysis processes that are ... more Industrial-scale processes currently developed make use of chemical catalysis processes that are highly efficient but require very complex product purification steps. Enzymatic catalysis through plant lipases as biocatalysts is an alternative which, in contrast to chemical catalysis processes, appeared simple to perform, and can be done at low investment cost. Although microbial lipases have been extensively studied, little research has been focused on the use of plant lipases namely plant latex lipases. The present article outlines the most advanced knowledge concerning plant latex characterization in order to show how plant latex can be a promising alternative to catalyze transesterification for biodiesel production. This paper provides an overview regarding the main aspects of latex, such as the reactions catalyzed, physiological functions, specificities, sources and their industrial applications.
American journal of chemical engineering, 2017
The immobilization of the lipase of Candida antartica B (LCAB) by adsorption on a natural silica ... more The immobilization of the lipase of Candida antartica B (LCAB) by adsorption on a natural silica support carried out to develop the adsorbent local supports. Immobilization conditions and characterization of the immobilized enzyme were investigated. Response surface methodology (RSM) and 3-level-3-factor fractional factorial design were employed to evaluate the effects of immobilization parameters, such as immobilization time (5-25 hour), immobilization temperature (25-45°C), and enzyme/support ratio (0.1-0.5, w/w), on yield of lipase immobilization on the support. The optimum immobilization conditions were as follows: immobilization time 18 hours, immobilization temperature 20°C, and enzyme / support ratio 0.5 (w/w); with a yield immobilization of 56,13 mg / g. The immobilization lipase shows hydrolytic and synthesis satisfactory activity.
International Journal of Food Science
The objective of this work is to determine the physicochemical characteristics of the Detarium mi... more The objective of this work is to determine the physicochemical characteristics of the Detarium microcarpum seeds from North Benin, specially the proximate composition, colour, minerals, and antinutritional factors using standard analytical methods. The results show that the contents of moisture, protein, total sugars, lipid, crude fiber, and ash ranged, respectively, from 10.85 to 14.69%, from 13.54 to 17.82%, from 19.69 to 32.04%, from 8.68 to 11.90%, from 19.78 to 34.24%, and from 1.5 to 3.49%. The luminance (l ∗ ), red saturation (a ∗ ), and yellow saturation (b ∗ ) have, respectively, ranged from 60.45 to 67.64, from 5.44 to 8.86, and from 8.24 to 9.28. Seeds contain interesting contents of potassium, calcium, magnesium, manganese, sodium, and iron; they have, respectively, varied from 6141.88 to 12305.16 mg/kg, from 1254.47 to 2168.62 mg/kg, from 1298.87 to 2533.06 mg/kg, from 75.18 to 307.23 mg/kg, from 53.52 to 136.19 mg/kg, and from 28.46 to 181.42 mg/kg. The investigation o...
American Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2021
In cheese making industry, plant enzymes are used to produce cheese. In Ouest Africa, they produc... more In cheese making industry, plant enzymes are used to produce cheese. In Ouest Africa, they produced the cheese “waragashi” with the mix milk and the plant Calotropis procera. The objective of our study is to assess ability to coagulate milk of the latex from news plants Plumeria alba and Plumeria rubra. If the two plants can supplied Calotropis procera in cheese making. For the results, we observed that the latex of Plumeria alba and Plumeria rubra are richer in proteins and mineral elements than the latex of Calotropis procera. It appears that the milk clotting and proteolytic activities of the latex of Plumeria alba and Plumeria rubra reached their optimum at 75°C while those of Calotropis procera reached the optimum at 55°C but remained active above 60 and 70°C. The Proteolytic Activity of the latex of C. procera and the two species of Plumeria was maximal at concentrations of 10% and 20% in the reaction medium, respectively. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that Plume...
American Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2018
Shea seeds were collected in 8 regions of Chad and the butters of their almonds were extracted by... more Shea seeds were collected in 8 regions of Chad and the butters of their almonds were extracted by refluxing with hexane. The quality index (acid, peroxide, iodine and saponification index), the acylglycerol and fatty acid compositions and the proportions of phenolic compounds and chlorophylls of these various butters were evaluated by standardized conventional methods. Chad Shea almonds are very rich in butters (average of 54.24 ± 4.89%), especially that of Mandoul (61.18%). These Shea butters have excellent quality index and contain high proportions of triacylglycerols (TAG: 76.15 ± 7.33%). The major TAGs are distearylolylglycerol (SOS: 49.17-54.43%), dioleylstearylglycerol (SOO: 32.29-35.70%), and dioleylpalmitylglycerol (POO: 3.57-4.66%). This profile revealed a minor content of Chad Shea butter in arachidic, gadoleic, and linolenic acid. However, Mandoul Region Shea butter has the highest proportion of phenolic compounds (7.24 mg GAE/100 g), relatively no chlorophyll was found.
Vers une production durable et innovante de biocarburants en adéquation avec les potentiels et le... more Vers une production durable et innovante de biocarburants en adéquation avec les potentiels et les besoins de l'Afrique PRONOVABIO est un projet de recherche sur les biocarburants financé par l'Union Africaine sur fonds de l'Union Européenne. Ce document a été élaboré par les partenaires du projet.
La diminution des reserves de combustibles fossiles et l'augmentation de la consommation d... more La diminution des reserves de combustibles fossiles et l'augmentation de la consommation d'energie ont stimule l'interet de la recherche pour les sources d’energies renouvelables. Le biodiesel est une des alternatives les plus prometteuses. La catalyse chimique, presente un impact ecologique negatif, avec des conditions de reaction tres severes. La catalyse biologique utilisant les lipases (E.C.3.1.1.3) est en plein essor grâce a sa biocompatibilite et biodegradabilite. Elle offre un environnement reactionnel modere. Mais le prix eleve des enzymes constitue un frein au developpement de ce type de catalyse. Cependant l’immobilisation s’avere etre une solution d’approche. Cette etude a donc pour objectif l’optimisation de la preparation enzymatique par adsorption de la LCAB sur un adsorbant naturel pour la production de biodiesel par catalyse enzymatique d’huile de Jatropha curcas . Les biocatalyseurs ont ete testes en mesurant les activites, hydrolytique, d’esterificati...
L’usage des biocarburants dans les pays du sud connait un regain d’interet favorise par l’intensi... more L’usage des biocarburants dans les pays du sud connait un regain d’interet favorise par l’intensification du cout du petrole. Afin de mettre en place un procede minimisant les couts et les pollutions, d’importantes activites de recherche ont ete consacrees a l'identification de catalyseurs solides appropries pour ameliorer les rendements en reduisant le cout de production du biodiesel. La presente recherche a permis de caracterise le latex de Ficus trichopoda dans des reactions d’hydrolyse et de transferts d’acyles afin de mettre au point des procedes innovants de synthese de biocarburants, pour moteur diesel. L’huile de palme raffinee a ete agitee mecaniquement en presence de latex bruts de F. trichopoda . L’activite optimale a ete notee a pH 5. Les mouvements moleculaires issus de l’agitation thermique croissantes du milieu reactionnel, font croitre l’activite enzymatique lorsque la temperature augmente jusqu’a une valeur seuil de 35°C. Par ailleurs, bien que l'activite a...
Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences, 2019
The Peuhl cheese (Waragashi, Warangachi, Wagashi, or Wara in local language) is a soft cheese wit... more The Peuhl cheese (Waragashi, Warangachi, Wagashi, or Wara in local language) is a soft cheese with a high nutritional value, prepared by coagulation of whole milk under the action of calotropaïne, a plant enzyme from Calotropis procera. In this study, Plumeria alba latex has been used as an alternative source of enzymes for the production of Waragashi cheese. The effect of temperature on the milk-clotting activity (MCA), as well as the physicochemical properties of the Waragashi cheeses were investigated and compared with the ones prepared with C. procera and C. papaya latices. C. procera and C. papaya latices exhibited a maximum MCA at temperatures close to 55°C, while P. alba latex exhibited a maximum MCA at temperatures close to 80°C. Waragashi cheese produced using P. alba showed textural properties comparable with those prepared using C. procera, while the yield of production varied as a function of the quantity of the different coagulants and milk temperature. The results of these studies, it is clear that the P. alba latex can be used to produce Waragashi cheese, similar to the latices of C. procera and C. papaya. the next challenge of this study is to verify the toxicity of P. Alba latex.
International Journal of Advanced Research, 2018
Journal of Applied Biosciences, 2017
Objective: The search for lipase with distinct features, from plant latex is of great importance ... more Objective: The search for lipase with distinct features, from plant latex is of great importance for industrial applications. The catalytic properties of lipases from Ficus trichopoda and Euphorbia unispina latex were characterized. Methodology and Results: Fresh latex from Ficus trichopoda and Euphorbia unispina were collected and dried through solar. Dried latex was taken for complete proximate analysis and their activity was analysed by thin layer chromatography. The two lipases were optimally active at pH=5 and temperature of 35°C and 50°C for Ficus trichopoda and Euphorbia unispina latex, respectively. The presence of metal ions enhances the activity of Ficus trichopoda latex, while no significant enhancement was observed in the case of Euphorbia unispina latex. Both lipases were able to hydrolyze saturated esters, and showed typo-selectivity for this group. However, the lipases are weak selective for the hydrolysis of unsaturated esters, especially for 18:2 fatty acids. Conclusions and application of finding: The enzyme from Ficus trichopoda latex was able to attack specific oil to generate free fatty acids or ester as the major product. This understanding may help in devising efficient methods to produce valuable modified oils.
Journal of Applied Biosciences, 2017
Catalysis by Candida antarctica B (CALB) immobilized on natural pure silica by adsorption: compar... more Catalysis by Candida antarctica B (CALB) immobilized on natural pure silica by adsorption: comparison with the free enzyme
International Journal of Advanced Research, 2016
This work focused on optimization of biodiesel production from vegetal oil catalyzed by Ficustric... more This work focused on optimization of biodiesel production from vegetal oil catalyzed by Ficustrichopoda latex using a response surface analysis. Ethanol substrate molar ratio, enzyme amount (latex), water activity, reaction duration, agitation speed and reaction temperature were examined. After use a box-Behnken design, the Plackett-Murman design were use as screening test to sort the factors while emphasizing most influential. The function of desirability shows that the value of the coefficient of maximum yield of EE estimated by the model (45,96%) corresponds to the values of the levels according to: aw = 0,63; latex rate = 24,85% ; reaction duration 7 days and molar ratio TG:Eth (1:5). It appears that the recycling of latexes of F. trichopoda as biocatalyst after two cycle catalytic of transesterification is not for the moment possible.
The effect of the storage temperature on the physico-chemical and microbiological composition of ... more The effect of the storage temperature on the physico-chemical and microbiological composition of waragashi cheese was investigated. For this study, three batch waragashi cheese productions from 10 L of fresh cow milk were investigated. Salted waragashi cheese (7%) was stored for four weeks at -2, 6, and 25°C temperatures and was compared to untreated cheese. Fresh waragashi cheese contained 69.7% moisture, 30.3% total solids, 0.1% acidity (d.b), 11.4% fat (d.b), 7.5 N texture, and a pH of 6.8. At the end of 4 weeks storage, the moisture, the fat, the pH and the texture of salted waragashi cheese at 25°C were 40.09%, 11.45%, 5.0, and 9.97 N, respectively. Significant (p < 0.05) variations were found in texture between samples of stored waragashi at -2 and 6°C. However, salted waragashi cheese at low temperature showed similar physico-chemical and microbiological characteristics to that recommended in various norms. At the same temperature, microbial count of stored waragashi chees...