Abubakar Sadiq Muhammad - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Abubakar Sadiq Muhammad
National Journal of physiology, pharmacy and pharmacology, 2022
Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is defined as a progressive nonmalignant enlargeme... more Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is defined as a progressive nonmalignant enlargement of smooth muscle and epithelial cells in the prostate. A lot of studies have been published on the efficacy and safety of phytotherapeutic agents against BPH, making it a daunting task to review comprehensively. Aim and Objectives: The present article aimed to review the existing systematic reviews of primary studies on the subject. Google Scholar and PubMed databases were used in searching the articles. Materials and Methods: After permission from the departmental ethics committee, the quality of the retrieved articles was assessed using a revised assessment of multiple systematic reviews scale. Results: Sixteen reviews were included, with the majority (11 out of 16) focusing on Serenoa repens extracts. Such evidence for other phytotherapeutic agents studied is either limited, conflicting, or lacking. Issues about the primary studies included in the reviews were discussed and some recommendations presented. Conclusion: The reviews that focused on the most widely studied hexanic extract of S. repens, Permixon, were consistent in their conclusions that the extract is beneficial in improving the symptoms of BPH.
Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is defined as a progressive nonmalignant enlargeme... more Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is defined as a progressive nonmalignant enlargement of smooth muscle and epithelial cells in the prostate. A lot of studies have been published on the efficacy and safety of phytotherapeutic agents against BPH, making it a daunting task to review comprehensively. Aim and Objectives: The present article aimed to review the existing systematic reviews of primary studies on the subject. Google Scholar and PubMed databases were used in searching the articles. Materials and Methods: After permission from the departmental ethics committee, the quality of the retrieved articles was assessed using a revised assessment of multiple systematic reviews scale. Results: Sixteen reviews were included, with the majority (11 out of 16) focusing on Serenoa repens extracts. Such evidence for other phytotherapeutic agents studied is either limited, conflicting, or lacking. Issues about the primary studies included in the reviews were discussed and some recommendations presented. Conclusion: The reviews that focused on the most widely studied hexanic extract of S. repens, Permixon, were consistent in their conclusions that the extract is beneficial in improving the symptoms of BPH.
National Journal of physiology, pharmacology and pharmacy, 2022
An ethnobotanical survey of indigenous knowledge on herbal medicines used by the traditional heal... more An ethnobotanical survey of indigenous knowledge on herbal medicines used by the traditional healers of Sokoto metropolis, Sokoto state, NorthWestern Nigeria as a remedy for benign prostatic hyperplasia was conducted using semistructured oral interviews. Findings from this survey showed a total of 44 species belonging to 22 families. Among the species, Cassia sieberiana DC., Detarium microcarpum Guill. & Perr. and Lawsonia inermis L. were the most commonly utilised. The part most commonly used are the stembark, followed by the roots. Seeds, leaves and bulbs were found to be infrequently used. Irrespective of the plant parts used water was the most frequently employed medium of extraction. Though less popular, fermented milk, fermented milk-millet mixture and a traditional cereal-based beverage were also employed. The most common modes of preparation were decoctions and infusions, while oral was the main route of administration.
Background: Acute appendicitis is a differential diagnosis of acute abdomen. It poses diagnostic ... more Background: Acute appendicitis is a differential diagnosis of acute abdomen. It poses diagnostic challenge more especially when it occurs postoperatively in women. Postoperative acute appendicitis had been reported following surgical and gynecological interventions. There is no report following urological intervention. The objective of this paper is to report a case of acute appendicitis post ureteroneocystostomy causing diagnostic dilemma. Case report: We report a 39-year-old woman who developed intermittent colicky right flank pain 3 days after ureteroneocystostomy for ureterovaginal fistula. She had hysterectomy due to abnormal uterine bleeding which was complicated by ureteric injury. There was generalized abdominal tenderness and guarding. She had abdominal reexploration, appendectomy and drainage of abscess due to the findings of acute appendicitis and pelvic abscess. The post-operative period was uneventful, and she was discharged home 10 days postoperatively. Conclusion: Acute appendicitis may occur postoperatively after urological intervention. A high index of suspicion is required for diagnosis. Incidental appendicectomy following abdominopelvic exploration in the presence of peritonitis and or suppuration may be helpful.
International Journal of Urology Sciences
International Journal of Urology Research
Journal of surgical case reports, 2023
Vesical calculus is a common condition with familiar aetiology in our environment as it is obtain... more Vesical calculus is a common condition with familiar aetiology in our environment as it is obtained in other parts of the world. Notwithstanding, uncommon aetiology of this pathology still exists though rarely encountered especially where out-of-pocket payment is the norm for accessing health care services. This is a report of three patients with varying indications for indwelling vesical catheter insertion via urethral or suprapubic route and who developed vesical calculus from prolonged and neglected indwelling vesical catheter. These cases are indeed an enigma in contemporary surgical patient care. We share our experience in the care of these patients and to underscore the extra role expected of health care providers in adequate patient education, close attention to guidance and counseling during patients’ visits to health facilities.
International Surgery Journal
Background: Bladder cancer is the ninth commonest cancer and the 13th most common cause of mortal... more Background: Bladder cancer is the ninth commonest cancer and the 13th most common cause of mortality worldwide. Its early diagnosis poses a great challenge therefore the need to identify biomarkers which may improve the current diagnostic practice.Methods: This is a prospective study of patients managed for bladder cancer at the urology unit, department of surgery, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria between April 2019 to June 2020. Urine cytology, urine nuclear matrix protein 22 (NMP22) quantitative test and histology of the bladder biopsy specimens were done at the Histopathology and Chemical Pathology laboratory respectively of the Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto. Data was collected using a structured proforma and analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20.0.Results: Eighty-three patients enrolled in the study however 46 of them with features of bladder carcinoma participating in the study group and 37...
International Surgery Journal, May 26, 2022
Background: An update on the histopathological patterns of bladder cancer in our environment is p... more Background: An update on the histopathological patterns of bladder cancer in our environment is pertinent to determine the current prevalent histological type and if there is worsening schistosomal infestation as these can guide the management of bladder cancer. Methods: This is a prospective study of patients managed for bladder cancer at the urology unit, department of surgery,
Savannah Journal of Medical Research and Practice, 2019
Objective: To review the pattern and outcome of ureteroscopy in our institution Materials and Met... more Objective: To review the pattern and outcome of ureteroscopy in our institution Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of ureteroscopies performed at our hospital between January 2013 and December 2018 for patients aged ≥18 years. The following data were extracted from patients' case notes and operation register; patient demographics, symptoms, investigations, diagnosis, definitive treatment, hospital stay, surgical outcome, duration of urethral catheterization and ureteric stenting, complications and duration of follow up visits. SPSS version 20.0 for Windows was used in data analysis. The results are presented in simple frequencies and percentages. Result: Total of 32 ureteroscopies were performed on 32 patients aged between 20 to 65 years with modal age of 32 years (18.8%). The commonest presenting complaint is ureteric colic, 13(40.6%) while the commonest indication for ureteroscopy is ureteric calculi, 14(43.8%) and ureteral obstruction, 12(33.3%). Ureteroscopy, pneumatic lithotripsy and double J (DJ) stenting of the ureter is the definitive treatment in 14(43.8%) patients, making it the most common performed definitive treatment. Following treatment, 63% of the patients were symptom free while 27.2% have residual symptom. The mean hospital stay is 4.6 days, mean duration of DJ stenting of the ureter is 6.3 weeks and that of follow up is 10.4 months. The commonest complications recorded was Urinary tract infection, 12(37.5%) Conclusion: Ureteroscopy is an effective treatment modality for treating ureteric diseases such as calculus and strictures with no mortality recorded during the study period. Keyword: Ureteroscopy, lithotripsy, ureteric calculus, DJ stenting. Savannah Journal of Medical Research and Practice 2018;7(1):17-22
Savannah Journal of Medical Research and Practice, 2016
Background: Upper urinary tract obstruction is a common cause of severe symptoms, recurrent urina... more Background: Upper urinary tract obstruction is a common cause of severe symptoms, recurrent urinary tract infection and deterioration or complete loss of renal function when intervention is not timely.Objective: To document the pattern of presentation and the management options for the benign upper urinary tract obstruction in our practice.Materials and Methods: The study retrospectively reviewed patients managed for benign upper urinary tract obstruction in our facility from February 2011 to February 2016. A total of 52 patients were treated during the study period. All the patients with benign upper urinary tract obstruction were included in the study. While Patients with lower urinary tract obstruction without secondary vesico-ureteric reflux (VUR), upper urinary tract obstruction from malignancy and those with incomplete records were excluded.Data was collected via a proforma and analysis was done using SPSS 20.0 versionResults: The mean age of patients in the study was 32.9±12.8 years and Male: female ratio was 3.3:1. The mode of presentations were flank pain in 47 patients (90.2%), haematuria in 36 patients (69.2%), childhood haematuria in 23 patients (44.2%) and urinary tract infection (UTI) in19 patients (36.5 %). The causes of upper tract obstruction were urolithiasis in 32 patients (61.6%), ureteric obstruction in 15 patients (28.8 %) and pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction in 5 patients (9.6 %). The definitive treatments were open in 27 patients (51.9 %), endoscopic in 14 patients (26.9%), and non-operative in 11 patients (21.2%).Conclusion: Urolithiasis, ureteric obstruction and pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction are the commonest cause of benign upper tract obstruction in our environment. Treatment can be open, endoscopic or medical.Keywords: Ureteric obstruction, urolithiasis, pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction
ge No. 06-09 Pattern of presentation and management of undescended testes in adolescent and adults, 2020
Background: Undescended testis may present in adolescent and adults due to torsion, hernia or inf... more Background: Undescended testis may present in adolescent and adults due to torsion, hernia or infertility. We present our experience in the management of undescended testes in adolescent and adult patients. Methodology: This is a retrospective study of 30 patients above the age of 10 years managed for undescended testes by our hospital from January 2011 to December, 2020. Data was collected via proforma and analysed using SPSS version 25.0 for windows. Results: The mean age of the patients was 31.1 ± 14.1 years with a range of 12-70 years. There was infertility in 15 patients (50%), groin swelling ± pain in 15 patients (50%). Orchidopexy ± herniorrhaphy and orchidectomy was done for 20 patients (66.7%). Conclusion: Undescended testes in adult and adolescent may present due to infertility, torsion, hernia or malignant transformation. Orchidopexy with or without orchidectomy is done depending on the location, bilaterality and status of the testes.
Background: Undescended testis may present in adolescent and adults due to torsion, hernia or inf... more Background: Undescended testis may present in adolescent and adults due to torsion, hernia or infertility. We present our experience in the management of undescended testes in adolescent and adult patients. Methodology: This is a retrospective study of 30 patients above the age of 10 years managed for undescended testes by our hospital from January 2011 to December, 2020. Data was collected via proforma and analysed using SPSS version 25.0 for windows. Results: The mean age of the patients was 31.1 ± 14.1 years with a range of 12-70 years. There was infertility in 15 patients (50%), groin swelling ± pain in 15 patients (50%). Orchidopexy ± herniorrhaphy and orchidectomy was done for 20 patients (66.7%). Conclusion: Undescended testes in adult and adolescent may present due to infertility, torsion, hernia or malignant transformation. Orchidopexy with or without orchidectomy is done depending on the location, bilaterality and status of the testes.
East and Central African Journal of Surgery, Feb 28, 2018
Suprapubic cystostomy (SPC) can be done by open or percutaneous technique. The procedure is consi... more Suprapubic cystostomy (SPC) can be done by open or percutaneous technique. The procedure is considered simple and generally safe even in less experienced hands. However, some complications may arise occasionally, including bowel injury. We report a 60-year-old man who presented with acute-on-chronic urinary retention 6 months after a SPC in a peripheral hospital for chronic urinary retention. The catheter was draining scanty turbid fluid and was changed regularly. Abdominal exploration revealed an intact full bladder with the supposed suprapubic catheter passing through a small perforation into the jejunum. He had repair of the perforation and proper SPC was inserted. The recovery was uneventful, and he was discharged home after a week.
East and Central African Journal of Surgery, 2017
Background: Priapism is a persistent penile erection that continues for more than four hours beyo... more Background: Priapism is a persistent penile erection that continues for more than four hours beyond sexual stimulation and orgasm or unrelated to sexual stimulation 1. The objective is to document the pattern and management of priapism in our hospital. Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients managed for Priapism by Urology Unit of our hospital, from January 2009 to December 2015. Results: Thirty patients were managed for managed for priapism within the study period. The mean age at presentation was 23.9 ± 12.2 years with a range of 8-55 years. Fifteen patients (57.7 %) presented beyond 72 hours of the onset of priapism. All the patients had ischaemic priapism. Half of the patients had sickle cell disease, two (7.7 %) had chronic myeloid leukaemia, five (19.2%) used aphrodisiacs and cause was not established in six (23.1%). The most effective forms of treatments were corporal aspiration and glanulocavernosal shunt. Hydroxyurea was used for the patients with leukaemia. Thirteen (50.0%) of the patients were loss to follow-up after their first visits. Three patients (11.5%) developed erectile dysfunction. Conclusion: Sickle cell disease is the commonest cause of ischaemic priapism in our practice. Late presentation is common and is usually associated with the development of erectile dysfunction.
International Surgery Journal, Mar 26, 2020
Genital fistula is a physically and psychosocially debilitating condition in which an abnormal co... more Genital fistula is a physically and psychosocially debilitating condition in which an abnormal connection exists between the genital tract and the urinary or intestinal tract. 1,2 The major aetiological types of genital fistulae include those occurring in the course of prolonged obstructed labour, iatrogenic injuries due to damage to the vagina, bladder or ureteral tissues during obstetric or gynaecological surgeries as well as those resulting from trauma such as violent sexual assault, forced insertion of objects into the vagina as well as genital fistulae resulting from traditional genital mutilation. 3-7 Genital fistulae are usually classified based on the organ of origin in the urinary tract and the termination of the fistula. 8 The common types of genital ABSTRACT Background: Management of complex genital fistulae is challenging due to the cost and technical skill required. This study reports our experience in the management of patients with complex genital fistulae and to highlight the crucial role of the reconstructive urologists. Methods: This was a retrospective review of female patients managed at a tertiary hospital in Nigeria from 2006 to 2017 for complex urinary fistulae. Data were extracted from patient case notes and the data analysed using the SPSS software. Results: Twenty-four female patients mean age 28.9±11.1 years. Fistulae resulted from prolonged obstructed labour 10 (41.6%), caesarean hysterectomy 7 (29.2%), caesarean section and abdominal hysterectomy 2 (8.4%) respectively. The fistulae were vesicovaginal 16 (66.7%), ureterovaginal 3 (12.5%). Others were vesicocutaneous, urethrovaginal and rectovaginal. Prior attempts at repair were done in 7 (29.2%) and the number of attempts ranged from 1 to 4. Surgical procedures included direct closure in 9 (37.5%), closure and uretero-neocystostomy 7 (29.2%), ureteroneocystostomy only 3 (12.5%) closure and abdominal hysterectomy 2 (8.3%), closure and continent catheterizable neo-bladder 2 (8.3%) and 1 (4.2%) closure, abdominal hysterectomy and uretero-neocystostomy. Post-operative complications were noted in 2 (8.3%) and consisted of gynaeatresia and recurrent RVF. Repair was successful in 70.8% of patients while failed repair was recorded in 16.7% and while stress incontinence was present in 12.5%. Conclusions: Complex genital fistulae in our practice are of obstetric origin involving the bladder, ureters and rectum. The reconstructive urologist has a crucial role the management for a favourable outcome.
Urology Annals, 2020
Introduction: Fournier's gangrene (FG) is a necrotizing fasciitis of the external genitalia a... more Introduction: Fournier's gangrene (FG) is a necrotizing fasciitis of the external genitalia and perineum but may involve upper thigh and anterior abdominal wall. Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective study of 47 patients managed for FG at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital from January 2001 to June 2017. Data were entered into a semi-structured pro forma and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Results: The mean age of the patients was 42.7 ± 19.4 years, with age range of 7 weeks to 72 years. All the patients were male. The patients had underlying urologic conditions in 27.6%, 15.0% were postoperative, 4.2% had anorectal diseases, 10.6% had medical conditions, and 42.6% were idiopathic. After resuscitation, all the patients had serial debridement, Hypertonic saline bath, broad spectrum antibiotics and wound dressing. The wound healed by secondary intention in 34.0% and 32.3% of the patients had wound closure ± skin graft. The treatment was successful in 68.0% of the patients, 15.0% left against medical advice, and 17.0% died of severe sepsis. Conclusion: FG mainly affects men with existing urologic conditions in our environment. Aggressive debridement, hypertonic saline sitz bath, broad-spectrum antibiotics, and appropriate wound care are associated with good outcome.
Ghana Medical Journal, 2018
Objective: To compare the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictiv... more Objective: To compare the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value of urinary survivin and that of urine cytology in the diagnosis of bladder carcinoma in a schistosoma endemic area. Design and setting: This is a 12-month prospective study of patients with features of bladder carcinoma as study group and patients with other urologic conditions and healthy volunteers as control group. Participants: Patients with features of bladder carcinoma formed the study group, while patients with other urological conditions and healthy volunteers formed the control group. Results: There were 52 patients in study group and 36 patients in control group. The mean ages of patients in the study and control groups were 47.17 ± 17.00 and 44.19 ± 18.89 years respectively. There were 48 males and 4 females in the study group, giving a male: female ratio of 12:1. Thirty-one (60 %) of the patients were farmers and 44 patients (85%) had history suggestive of schistosomiasis at childhood. The sensitivity of urine cytology and survivin in the study were 29.1% and 100.0% respectively. The specificity of urine cytology and survivin were 100.0% and 100.0% respectively (p= 0.05). The marker was associated with false positive (FP) results in patients with prostate cancer. Conclusion: Urinary survivin is highly sensitive, specific and predictive of bladder carcinoma in our environment. The marker is associated with false positive results in patients with prostate cancer.
Sahel Medical Journal, 2019
Background: Day-care surgery is associated with economic, social, and health benefits to the pati... more Background: Day-care surgery is associated with economic, social, and health benefits to the patients. The increasing pressure on hospital bed and theater space serves as impetus for renewed interest in day-care surgery in our facility. Objective: To report our experience in day-care surgery in the past 4 years. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective review of patients who had urologic day-care procedures in our facility, from January 2014 to December 2017. Data were collected through pro forma and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 for windows. Results: There were 502 patients who had day-care procedures within the study period which accounted for 43.5% of elective procedures. The patients' age ranged from 1 to 90 years. There were 494 males (98.4%) and 8 females (1.6%). The procedures were diagnostic in 89.6%, therapeutic in 9.8%, and both diagnostic and therapeutic in 0.6% of the patients. The procedures included transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided prostatic biopsy (74.5%), urethrocystoscopy ± biopsy and double J stent retrieval (16.7%), varicocoelectomy (2.8%), circumcision (1.4%), meatoplasty (0.6%), excisional biopsy (0.6%), and others (3.4%). Two patients (0.4%) had a conversion to inpatient admission due to persistent hematuria following urethrocystoscopy and biopsy. There were three re-admissions (0.6%) for postprostatic biopsy infection (0.4%) and surgical site infection (0.2%) following varicocoelectomy in an obese patient. Conclusion: TRUS-guided biopsy, urethrocystoscopy, and varicocoelectomy are the most common day-care procedures in our facility. The morbidity, conversion, and re-admission rates were acceptable.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Sep 14, 2022
National Journal of physiology, pharmacy and pharmacology, 2022
Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is defined as a progressive nonmalignant enlargeme... more Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is defined as a progressive nonmalignant enlargement of smooth muscle and epithelial cells in the prostate. A lot of studies have been published on the efficacy and safety of phytotherapeutic agents against BPH, making it a daunting task to review comprehensively. Aim and Objectives: The present article aimed to review the existing systematic reviews of primary studies on the subject. Google Scholar and PubMed databases were used in searching the articles. Materials and Methods: After permission from the departmental ethics committee, the quality of the retrieved articles was assessed using a revised assessment of multiple systematic reviews scale. Results: Sixteen reviews were included, with the majority (11 out of 16) focusing on Serenoa repens extracts. Such evidence for other phytotherapeutic agents studied is either limited, conflicting, or lacking. Issues about the primary studies included in the reviews were discussed and some recommendations presented. Conclusion: The reviews that focused on the most widely studied hexanic extract of S. repens, Permixon, were consistent in their conclusions that the extract is beneficial in improving the symptoms of BPH.
Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is defined as a progressive nonmalignant enlargeme... more Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is defined as a progressive nonmalignant enlargement of smooth muscle and epithelial cells in the prostate. A lot of studies have been published on the efficacy and safety of phytotherapeutic agents against BPH, making it a daunting task to review comprehensively. Aim and Objectives: The present article aimed to review the existing systematic reviews of primary studies on the subject. Google Scholar and PubMed databases were used in searching the articles. Materials and Methods: After permission from the departmental ethics committee, the quality of the retrieved articles was assessed using a revised assessment of multiple systematic reviews scale. Results: Sixteen reviews were included, with the majority (11 out of 16) focusing on Serenoa repens extracts. Such evidence for other phytotherapeutic agents studied is either limited, conflicting, or lacking. Issues about the primary studies included in the reviews were discussed and some recommendations presented. Conclusion: The reviews that focused on the most widely studied hexanic extract of S. repens, Permixon, were consistent in their conclusions that the extract is beneficial in improving the symptoms of BPH.
National Journal of physiology, pharmacology and pharmacy, 2022
An ethnobotanical survey of indigenous knowledge on herbal medicines used by the traditional heal... more An ethnobotanical survey of indigenous knowledge on herbal medicines used by the traditional healers of Sokoto metropolis, Sokoto state, NorthWestern Nigeria as a remedy for benign prostatic hyperplasia was conducted using semistructured oral interviews. Findings from this survey showed a total of 44 species belonging to 22 families. Among the species, Cassia sieberiana DC., Detarium microcarpum Guill. & Perr. and Lawsonia inermis L. were the most commonly utilised. The part most commonly used are the stembark, followed by the roots. Seeds, leaves and bulbs were found to be infrequently used. Irrespective of the plant parts used water was the most frequently employed medium of extraction. Though less popular, fermented milk, fermented milk-millet mixture and a traditional cereal-based beverage were also employed. The most common modes of preparation were decoctions and infusions, while oral was the main route of administration.
Background: Acute appendicitis is a differential diagnosis of acute abdomen. It poses diagnostic ... more Background: Acute appendicitis is a differential diagnosis of acute abdomen. It poses diagnostic challenge more especially when it occurs postoperatively in women. Postoperative acute appendicitis had been reported following surgical and gynecological interventions. There is no report following urological intervention. The objective of this paper is to report a case of acute appendicitis post ureteroneocystostomy causing diagnostic dilemma. Case report: We report a 39-year-old woman who developed intermittent colicky right flank pain 3 days after ureteroneocystostomy for ureterovaginal fistula. She had hysterectomy due to abnormal uterine bleeding which was complicated by ureteric injury. There was generalized abdominal tenderness and guarding. She had abdominal reexploration, appendectomy and drainage of abscess due to the findings of acute appendicitis and pelvic abscess. The post-operative period was uneventful, and she was discharged home 10 days postoperatively. Conclusion: Acute appendicitis may occur postoperatively after urological intervention. A high index of suspicion is required for diagnosis. Incidental appendicectomy following abdominopelvic exploration in the presence of peritonitis and or suppuration may be helpful.
International Journal of Urology Sciences
International Journal of Urology Research
Journal of surgical case reports, 2023
Vesical calculus is a common condition with familiar aetiology in our environment as it is obtain... more Vesical calculus is a common condition with familiar aetiology in our environment as it is obtained in other parts of the world. Notwithstanding, uncommon aetiology of this pathology still exists though rarely encountered especially where out-of-pocket payment is the norm for accessing health care services. This is a report of three patients with varying indications for indwelling vesical catheter insertion via urethral or suprapubic route and who developed vesical calculus from prolonged and neglected indwelling vesical catheter. These cases are indeed an enigma in contemporary surgical patient care. We share our experience in the care of these patients and to underscore the extra role expected of health care providers in adequate patient education, close attention to guidance and counseling during patients’ visits to health facilities.
International Surgery Journal
Background: Bladder cancer is the ninth commonest cancer and the 13th most common cause of mortal... more Background: Bladder cancer is the ninth commonest cancer and the 13th most common cause of mortality worldwide. Its early diagnosis poses a great challenge therefore the need to identify biomarkers which may improve the current diagnostic practice.Methods: This is a prospective study of patients managed for bladder cancer at the urology unit, department of surgery, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria between April 2019 to June 2020. Urine cytology, urine nuclear matrix protein 22 (NMP22) quantitative test and histology of the bladder biopsy specimens were done at the Histopathology and Chemical Pathology laboratory respectively of the Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto. Data was collected using a structured proforma and analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20.0.Results: Eighty-three patients enrolled in the study however 46 of them with features of bladder carcinoma participating in the study group and 37...
International Surgery Journal, May 26, 2022
Background: An update on the histopathological patterns of bladder cancer in our environment is p... more Background: An update on the histopathological patterns of bladder cancer in our environment is pertinent to determine the current prevalent histological type and if there is worsening schistosomal infestation as these can guide the management of bladder cancer. Methods: This is a prospective study of patients managed for bladder cancer at the urology unit, department of surgery,
Savannah Journal of Medical Research and Practice, 2019
Objective: To review the pattern and outcome of ureteroscopy in our institution Materials and Met... more Objective: To review the pattern and outcome of ureteroscopy in our institution Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of ureteroscopies performed at our hospital between January 2013 and December 2018 for patients aged ≥18 years. The following data were extracted from patients' case notes and operation register; patient demographics, symptoms, investigations, diagnosis, definitive treatment, hospital stay, surgical outcome, duration of urethral catheterization and ureteric stenting, complications and duration of follow up visits. SPSS version 20.0 for Windows was used in data analysis. The results are presented in simple frequencies and percentages. Result: Total of 32 ureteroscopies were performed on 32 patients aged between 20 to 65 years with modal age of 32 years (18.8%). The commonest presenting complaint is ureteric colic, 13(40.6%) while the commonest indication for ureteroscopy is ureteric calculi, 14(43.8%) and ureteral obstruction, 12(33.3%). Ureteroscopy, pneumatic lithotripsy and double J (DJ) stenting of the ureter is the definitive treatment in 14(43.8%) patients, making it the most common performed definitive treatment. Following treatment, 63% of the patients were symptom free while 27.2% have residual symptom. The mean hospital stay is 4.6 days, mean duration of DJ stenting of the ureter is 6.3 weeks and that of follow up is 10.4 months. The commonest complications recorded was Urinary tract infection, 12(37.5%) Conclusion: Ureteroscopy is an effective treatment modality for treating ureteric diseases such as calculus and strictures with no mortality recorded during the study period. Keyword: Ureteroscopy, lithotripsy, ureteric calculus, DJ stenting. Savannah Journal of Medical Research and Practice 2018;7(1):17-22
Savannah Journal of Medical Research and Practice, 2016
Background: Upper urinary tract obstruction is a common cause of severe symptoms, recurrent urina... more Background: Upper urinary tract obstruction is a common cause of severe symptoms, recurrent urinary tract infection and deterioration or complete loss of renal function when intervention is not timely.Objective: To document the pattern of presentation and the management options for the benign upper urinary tract obstruction in our practice.Materials and Methods: The study retrospectively reviewed patients managed for benign upper urinary tract obstruction in our facility from February 2011 to February 2016. A total of 52 patients were treated during the study period. All the patients with benign upper urinary tract obstruction were included in the study. While Patients with lower urinary tract obstruction without secondary vesico-ureteric reflux (VUR), upper urinary tract obstruction from malignancy and those with incomplete records were excluded.Data was collected via a proforma and analysis was done using SPSS 20.0 versionResults: The mean age of patients in the study was 32.9±12.8 years and Male: female ratio was 3.3:1. The mode of presentations were flank pain in 47 patients (90.2%), haematuria in 36 patients (69.2%), childhood haematuria in 23 patients (44.2%) and urinary tract infection (UTI) in19 patients (36.5 %). The causes of upper tract obstruction were urolithiasis in 32 patients (61.6%), ureteric obstruction in 15 patients (28.8 %) and pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction in 5 patients (9.6 %). The definitive treatments were open in 27 patients (51.9 %), endoscopic in 14 patients (26.9%), and non-operative in 11 patients (21.2%).Conclusion: Urolithiasis, ureteric obstruction and pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction are the commonest cause of benign upper tract obstruction in our environment. Treatment can be open, endoscopic or medical.Keywords: Ureteric obstruction, urolithiasis, pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction
ge No. 06-09 Pattern of presentation and management of undescended testes in adolescent and adults, 2020
Background: Undescended testis may present in adolescent and adults due to torsion, hernia or inf... more Background: Undescended testis may present in adolescent and adults due to torsion, hernia or infertility. We present our experience in the management of undescended testes in adolescent and adult patients. Methodology: This is a retrospective study of 30 patients above the age of 10 years managed for undescended testes by our hospital from January 2011 to December, 2020. Data was collected via proforma and analysed using SPSS version 25.0 for windows. Results: The mean age of the patients was 31.1 ± 14.1 years with a range of 12-70 years. There was infertility in 15 patients (50%), groin swelling ± pain in 15 patients (50%). Orchidopexy ± herniorrhaphy and orchidectomy was done for 20 patients (66.7%). Conclusion: Undescended testes in adult and adolescent may present due to infertility, torsion, hernia or malignant transformation. Orchidopexy with or without orchidectomy is done depending on the location, bilaterality and status of the testes.
Background: Undescended testis may present in adolescent and adults due to torsion, hernia or inf... more Background: Undescended testis may present in adolescent and adults due to torsion, hernia or infertility. We present our experience in the management of undescended testes in adolescent and adult patients. Methodology: This is a retrospective study of 30 patients above the age of 10 years managed for undescended testes by our hospital from January 2011 to December, 2020. Data was collected via proforma and analysed using SPSS version 25.0 for windows. Results: The mean age of the patients was 31.1 ± 14.1 years with a range of 12-70 years. There was infertility in 15 patients (50%), groin swelling ± pain in 15 patients (50%). Orchidopexy ± herniorrhaphy and orchidectomy was done for 20 patients (66.7%). Conclusion: Undescended testes in adult and adolescent may present due to infertility, torsion, hernia or malignant transformation. Orchidopexy with or without orchidectomy is done depending on the location, bilaterality and status of the testes.
East and Central African Journal of Surgery, Feb 28, 2018
Suprapubic cystostomy (SPC) can be done by open or percutaneous technique. The procedure is consi... more Suprapubic cystostomy (SPC) can be done by open or percutaneous technique. The procedure is considered simple and generally safe even in less experienced hands. However, some complications may arise occasionally, including bowel injury. We report a 60-year-old man who presented with acute-on-chronic urinary retention 6 months after a SPC in a peripheral hospital for chronic urinary retention. The catheter was draining scanty turbid fluid and was changed regularly. Abdominal exploration revealed an intact full bladder with the supposed suprapubic catheter passing through a small perforation into the jejunum. He had repair of the perforation and proper SPC was inserted. The recovery was uneventful, and he was discharged home after a week.
East and Central African Journal of Surgery, 2017
Background: Priapism is a persistent penile erection that continues for more than four hours beyo... more Background: Priapism is a persistent penile erection that continues for more than four hours beyond sexual stimulation and orgasm or unrelated to sexual stimulation 1. The objective is to document the pattern and management of priapism in our hospital. Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients managed for Priapism by Urology Unit of our hospital, from January 2009 to December 2015. Results: Thirty patients were managed for managed for priapism within the study period. The mean age at presentation was 23.9 ± 12.2 years with a range of 8-55 years. Fifteen patients (57.7 %) presented beyond 72 hours of the onset of priapism. All the patients had ischaemic priapism. Half of the patients had sickle cell disease, two (7.7 %) had chronic myeloid leukaemia, five (19.2%) used aphrodisiacs and cause was not established in six (23.1%). The most effective forms of treatments were corporal aspiration and glanulocavernosal shunt. Hydroxyurea was used for the patients with leukaemia. Thirteen (50.0%) of the patients were loss to follow-up after their first visits. Three patients (11.5%) developed erectile dysfunction. Conclusion: Sickle cell disease is the commonest cause of ischaemic priapism in our practice. Late presentation is common and is usually associated with the development of erectile dysfunction.
International Surgery Journal, Mar 26, 2020
Genital fistula is a physically and psychosocially debilitating condition in which an abnormal co... more Genital fistula is a physically and psychosocially debilitating condition in which an abnormal connection exists between the genital tract and the urinary or intestinal tract. 1,2 The major aetiological types of genital fistulae include those occurring in the course of prolonged obstructed labour, iatrogenic injuries due to damage to the vagina, bladder or ureteral tissues during obstetric or gynaecological surgeries as well as those resulting from trauma such as violent sexual assault, forced insertion of objects into the vagina as well as genital fistulae resulting from traditional genital mutilation. 3-7 Genital fistulae are usually classified based on the organ of origin in the urinary tract and the termination of the fistula. 8 The common types of genital ABSTRACT Background: Management of complex genital fistulae is challenging due to the cost and technical skill required. This study reports our experience in the management of patients with complex genital fistulae and to highlight the crucial role of the reconstructive urologists. Methods: This was a retrospective review of female patients managed at a tertiary hospital in Nigeria from 2006 to 2017 for complex urinary fistulae. Data were extracted from patient case notes and the data analysed using the SPSS software. Results: Twenty-four female patients mean age 28.9±11.1 years. Fistulae resulted from prolonged obstructed labour 10 (41.6%), caesarean hysterectomy 7 (29.2%), caesarean section and abdominal hysterectomy 2 (8.4%) respectively. The fistulae were vesicovaginal 16 (66.7%), ureterovaginal 3 (12.5%). Others were vesicocutaneous, urethrovaginal and rectovaginal. Prior attempts at repair were done in 7 (29.2%) and the number of attempts ranged from 1 to 4. Surgical procedures included direct closure in 9 (37.5%), closure and uretero-neocystostomy 7 (29.2%), ureteroneocystostomy only 3 (12.5%) closure and abdominal hysterectomy 2 (8.3%), closure and continent catheterizable neo-bladder 2 (8.3%) and 1 (4.2%) closure, abdominal hysterectomy and uretero-neocystostomy. Post-operative complications were noted in 2 (8.3%) and consisted of gynaeatresia and recurrent RVF. Repair was successful in 70.8% of patients while failed repair was recorded in 16.7% and while stress incontinence was present in 12.5%. Conclusions: Complex genital fistulae in our practice are of obstetric origin involving the bladder, ureters and rectum. The reconstructive urologist has a crucial role the management for a favourable outcome.
Urology Annals, 2020
Introduction: Fournier's gangrene (FG) is a necrotizing fasciitis of the external genitalia a... more Introduction: Fournier's gangrene (FG) is a necrotizing fasciitis of the external genitalia and perineum but may involve upper thigh and anterior abdominal wall. Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective study of 47 patients managed for FG at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital from January 2001 to June 2017. Data were entered into a semi-structured pro forma and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Results: The mean age of the patients was 42.7 ± 19.4 years, with age range of 7 weeks to 72 years. All the patients were male. The patients had underlying urologic conditions in 27.6%, 15.0% were postoperative, 4.2% had anorectal diseases, 10.6% had medical conditions, and 42.6% were idiopathic. After resuscitation, all the patients had serial debridement, Hypertonic saline bath, broad spectrum antibiotics and wound dressing. The wound healed by secondary intention in 34.0% and 32.3% of the patients had wound closure ± skin graft. The treatment was successful in 68.0% of the patients, 15.0% left against medical advice, and 17.0% died of severe sepsis. Conclusion: FG mainly affects men with existing urologic conditions in our environment. Aggressive debridement, hypertonic saline sitz bath, broad-spectrum antibiotics, and appropriate wound care are associated with good outcome.
Ghana Medical Journal, 2018
Objective: To compare the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictiv... more Objective: To compare the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value of urinary survivin and that of urine cytology in the diagnosis of bladder carcinoma in a schistosoma endemic area. Design and setting: This is a 12-month prospective study of patients with features of bladder carcinoma as study group and patients with other urologic conditions and healthy volunteers as control group. Participants: Patients with features of bladder carcinoma formed the study group, while patients with other urological conditions and healthy volunteers formed the control group. Results: There were 52 patients in study group and 36 patients in control group. The mean ages of patients in the study and control groups were 47.17 ± 17.00 and 44.19 ± 18.89 years respectively. There were 48 males and 4 females in the study group, giving a male: female ratio of 12:1. Thirty-one (60 %) of the patients were farmers and 44 patients (85%) had history suggestive of schistosomiasis at childhood. The sensitivity of urine cytology and survivin in the study were 29.1% and 100.0% respectively. The specificity of urine cytology and survivin were 100.0% and 100.0% respectively (p= 0.05). The marker was associated with false positive (FP) results in patients with prostate cancer. Conclusion: Urinary survivin is highly sensitive, specific and predictive of bladder carcinoma in our environment. The marker is associated with false positive results in patients with prostate cancer.
Sahel Medical Journal, 2019
Background: Day-care surgery is associated with economic, social, and health benefits to the pati... more Background: Day-care surgery is associated with economic, social, and health benefits to the patients. The increasing pressure on hospital bed and theater space serves as impetus for renewed interest in day-care surgery in our facility. Objective: To report our experience in day-care surgery in the past 4 years. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective review of patients who had urologic day-care procedures in our facility, from January 2014 to December 2017. Data were collected through pro forma and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 for windows. Results: There were 502 patients who had day-care procedures within the study period which accounted for 43.5% of elective procedures. The patients' age ranged from 1 to 90 years. There were 494 males (98.4%) and 8 females (1.6%). The procedures were diagnostic in 89.6%, therapeutic in 9.8%, and both diagnostic and therapeutic in 0.6% of the patients. The procedures included transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided prostatic biopsy (74.5%), urethrocystoscopy ± biopsy and double J stent retrieval (16.7%), varicocoelectomy (2.8%), circumcision (1.4%), meatoplasty (0.6%), excisional biopsy (0.6%), and others (3.4%). Two patients (0.4%) had a conversion to inpatient admission due to persistent hematuria following urethrocystoscopy and biopsy. There were three re-admissions (0.6%) for postprostatic biopsy infection (0.4%) and surgical site infection (0.2%) following varicocoelectomy in an obese patient. Conclusion: TRUS-guided biopsy, urethrocystoscopy, and varicocoelectomy are the most common day-care procedures in our facility. The morbidity, conversion, and re-admission rates were acceptable.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Sep 14, 2022