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Papers by Muhammad Aliuddin Bakar
With paper demand increasing continuously, the deforestation process will be at a higher pace as ... more With paper demand increasing continuously, the deforestation process will be at a higher pace as the main raw material for paper production come from timber tree thus leads to unbalanced ecosystem problems. Using alternative fibre source especially from agriculture waste product for paper production seems like a right approach reducing the deforestation for paper raw material as it is available in abundance and low in cost. Therefore, a study on a physical characteristic of paper made from paddy straw was conducted to see the suitability of paddy straw as a raw material for paper production. Four variety type of paddy straw (MR219, MR220, MR269 and MRQ76) was used as the specimen to compare the physical characteristic of paper produced by different paddy straw variety. For each variety, three samples were treated with various concentrations of NaOH (20%, 25% and 30%) to determine the effect of concentration on paper produced. The material undergoes immersion, cooking, filtering and ...
International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 2021
This study examines farmers perception on good agricultural practices (GAP) on rubber's productio... more This study examines farmers perception on good agricultural practices (GAP) on rubber's production. The purpose of this study is to identify the strength of relationship between the GAPs factors and rubber production. The data collection process was created by distributing the questionnaire form to the 114 smallholders of Kuala Ketil, Kedah. Data collected has been analysis using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). This study can determine which factors among harvesting, fertilizing, landscape conservation, and mechanization that is being important to the farmers and obviously can affect the production of the rubber itself. This paper shows that the farmers perception on GAPs elements are significantly has positive moderate strength relationship on rubber production. The mechanization is proven to be the dominate factors in increase the rubber production. The findings indicate that the state Agency in Kedah need to pay attention in raising the important of GAP among smallholders, and the agency should introduce the motorize tapping machine to boost the rubber production.
Advances in Agricultural and Food Research Journal, 2020
Innovation and invention in field mechanization for oil palm sector has created a variety of adva... more Innovation and invention in field mechanization for oil palm sector has created a variety of advancement in technology. The change in oil palm operation to mechanization will overcome the problem of labour shortage occurrence in oil palm sector. The problem occurs in harvesting tall oil palm is the height of oil palm that causes difficulty to cut the fresh fruit bunch by using manual labour. Moreover, the use of automated harvester also will make the harvesting operation easier without the requirement of skilled labour and ensuring labour safety. The automated harvester has advantages and disadvantages that need to be improved in meeting the oil palm requirement. This study overviews the mechanization that are used in harvesting tall oil palm. This research project has resulted in the development of high technology mechanization based on previously developed machine for harvesting fresh fruit bunches (FFB) at 10 meter and above of oil palm age tress. However, the previous developed ...
International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 2020
Literally, there are few be studies that look at the agricultural employees' productivity, especi... more Literally, there are few be studies that look at the agricultural employees' productivity, especially in oil palm sector. Therefore, this survey aims to study on factors influencing labour productivity at Selandar Jasin Melaka. In this case study, the elements are wages, benefit, positives climate and appreciation. A close ended questionnaire was used as a tool to collect data. The respondents were selected using a stratified sampling technique. From 120 people as population, 97 were responded, based on job title given by the oil palm company. The analytical method used are descriptive, correlation and regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that there is a positive relationship and significant influence simultaneously between all the factors (r = .829, .775, .721, .564) on labour productivity. Wages (B: 0.393) is the variable of the most powerful influence on labour productivity, so it needs special attention. The study also found that a significant number of employees are not very happy and feel safely about their working climate. Furthermore, it is also imperative for managers to understand that wages and benefit have a fundamental role to play in enhancing labour productivity. However, these factors have been revaluated in time, and labour productivity determinants information is still inadequate.
International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, Nov 6, 2017
A survey had been done in the Hilir Perak with the association of the Malaysian Cocoa Board (MCB)... more A survey had been done in the Hilir Perak with the association of the Malaysian Cocoa Board (MCB) to study on factors affecting cocoa smallholder behaviour at MCB Hilir Perak. In this case study, the factor used as the independent variable to determine the smallholder attitude are, prior knowledge, facilitating condition, subjective norm and also the perceived behaviour control. Whilst, for the dependent variable is the cocoa smallholder behaviour. 59 respondents were randomly selected from the smallholder name list given by the MCB. Data collected pooled and analyse by using SPSS software to find the correlation of the factor. Prior knowledge and facilitating condition factor show significance difference towards cocoa smallholder attitude (P<0.05). This case study proves that the social pressure and motivation from people surrounding are not enough to change the smallholder attitudes. It must also being supported with conducive condition and adequate knowledge to the smallholder in order to change their attitudes and indirectly will increasing the cocoa production.
International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 2018
From this paper, it is an effort to investigate the most efficient harvesting tools that must be ... more From this paper, it is an effort to investigate the most efficient harvesting tools that must be applied by all oil palm producers. It is similar to identify which harvesting tools are the most efficient that reflected the labour productivity and cost management for harvesting operation. The motorised cutter, mechanised CKAT, manual chisel and manual sickle were tested based on capacity and cost involved. EFC for motorised is superior to manual with 0.29 ha per hour for motorised and 0.22 ha per hour for manual. The trials carried out on manual harvesting technique by using chisel shows that effective working hour per hectare is 1.64 ha per hour and effective working hour per hectare for mechanised harvesting technique is 1.84 ha per hour. Also, the cost involved in both harvesting tools, the motorised cutter price is RM 4500 plus its operational costs, the harvesting cost comes to RM 8.78 per tonne, and for the manual sickle cost is RM 143 plus its operating cost, it comes to RM 10...
International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 2018
With paper demand increasing continuously, the deforestation process will be at a higher pace as ... more With paper demand increasing continuously, the deforestation process will be at a higher pace as the main raw material for paper production come from timber tree thus leads to unbalanced ecosystem problems. Using alternative fibre source especially from agriculture waste product for paper production seems like a right approach reducing the deforestation for paper raw material as it is available in abundance and low in cost. Therefore, a study on a physical characteristic of paper made from paddy straw was conducted to see the suitability of paddy straw as a raw material for paper production. Four variety type of paddy straw (MR219, MR220, MR269 and MRQ76) was used as the specimen to compare the physical characteristic of paper produced by different paddy straw variety. For each variety, three samples were treated with various concentrations of NaOH (20%, 25% and 30%) to determine the effect of concentration on paper produced. The material undergoes immersion, cooking, filtering and ...
International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 2021
This study examines farmers perception on good agricultural practices (GAP) on rubber's productio... more This study examines farmers perception on good agricultural practices (GAP) on rubber's production. The purpose of this study is to identify the strength of relationship between the GAPs factors and rubber production. The data collection process was created by distributing the questionnaire form to the 114 smallholders of Kuala Ketil, Kedah. Data collected has been analysis using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). This study can determine which factors among harvesting, fertilizing, landscape conservation, and mechanization that is being important to the farmers and obviously can affect the production of the rubber itself. This paper shows that the farmers perception on GAPs elements are significantly has positive moderate strength relationship on rubber production. The mechanization is proven to be the dominate factors in increase the rubber production. The findings indicate that the state Agency in Kedah need to pay attention in raising the important of GAP among smallholders, and the agency should introduce the motorize tapping machine to boost the rubber production.
Advances in Agricultural and Food Research Journal, 2020
Innovation and invention in field mechanization for oil palm sector has created a variety of adva... more Innovation and invention in field mechanization for oil palm sector has created a variety of advancement in technology. The change in oil palm operation to mechanization will overcome the problem of labour shortage occurrence in oil palm sector. The problem occurs in harvesting tall oil palm is the height of oil palm that causes difficulty to cut the fresh fruit bunch by using manual labour. Moreover, the use of automated harvester also will make the harvesting operation easier without the requirement of skilled labour and ensuring labour safety. The automated harvester has advantages and disadvantages that need to be improved in meeting the oil palm requirement. This study overviews the mechanization that are used in harvesting tall oil palm. This research project has resulted in the development of high technology mechanization based on previously developed machine for harvesting fresh fruit bunches (FFB) at 10 meter and above of oil palm age tress. However, the previous developed ...
International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 2020
Literally, there are few be studies that look at the agricultural employees' productivity, especi... more Literally, there are few be studies that look at the agricultural employees' productivity, especially in oil palm sector. Therefore, this survey aims to study on factors influencing labour productivity at Selandar Jasin Melaka. In this case study, the elements are wages, benefit, positives climate and appreciation. A close ended questionnaire was used as a tool to collect data. The respondents were selected using a stratified sampling technique. From 120 people as population, 97 were responded, based on job title given by the oil palm company. The analytical method used are descriptive, correlation and regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that there is a positive relationship and significant influence simultaneously between all the factors (r = .829, .775, .721, .564) on labour productivity. Wages (B: 0.393) is the variable of the most powerful influence on labour productivity, so it needs special attention. The study also found that a significant number of employees are not very happy and feel safely about their working climate. Furthermore, it is also imperative for managers to understand that wages and benefit have a fundamental role to play in enhancing labour productivity. However, these factors have been revaluated in time, and labour productivity determinants information is still inadequate.
International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, Nov 6, 2017
A survey had been done in the Hilir Perak with the association of the Malaysian Cocoa Board (MCB)... more A survey had been done in the Hilir Perak with the association of the Malaysian Cocoa Board (MCB) to study on factors affecting cocoa smallholder behaviour at MCB Hilir Perak. In this case study, the factor used as the independent variable to determine the smallholder attitude are, prior knowledge, facilitating condition, subjective norm and also the perceived behaviour control. Whilst, for the dependent variable is the cocoa smallholder behaviour. 59 respondents were randomly selected from the smallholder name list given by the MCB. Data collected pooled and analyse by using SPSS software to find the correlation of the factor. Prior knowledge and facilitating condition factor show significance difference towards cocoa smallholder attitude (P<0.05). This case study proves that the social pressure and motivation from people surrounding are not enough to change the smallholder attitudes. It must also being supported with conducive condition and adequate knowledge to the smallholder in order to change their attitudes and indirectly will increasing the cocoa production.
International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 2018
From this paper, it is an effort to investigate the most efficient harvesting tools that must be ... more From this paper, it is an effort to investigate the most efficient harvesting tools that must be applied by all oil palm producers. It is similar to identify which harvesting tools are the most efficient that reflected the labour productivity and cost management for harvesting operation. The motorised cutter, mechanised CKAT, manual chisel and manual sickle were tested based on capacity and cost involved. EFC for motorised is superior to manual with 0.29 ha per hour for motorised and 0.22 ha per hour for manual. The trials carried out on manual harvesting technique by using chisel shows that effective working hour per hectare is 1.64 ha per hour and effective working hour per hectare for mechanised harvesting technique is 1.84 ha per hour. Also, the cost involved in both harvesting tools, the motorised cutter price is RM 4500 plus its operational costs, the harvesting cost comes to RM 8.78 per tonne, and for the manual sickle cost is RM 143 plus its operating cost, it comes to RM 10...
International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 2018