Muhammad Rizwan - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Muhammad Rizwan

To study the genetic variability in 20 different genotypes of cotton, a preliminary yield trial w... more To study the genetic variability in 20 different genotypes of cotton, a preliminary yield trial was designed at Cotton Research Station, Faisalabad, Pakistan. The results of cluster analysis revealed that cluster 3 comprised of genotypes that have average yield of 3,802 kg/ha and good fiber quality traits while cluster 2 genotypes showed good potential along with staple length of 30 mm. The study of principal components revealed that out of 9 PCs 3 components exhibited eigen value greater than 1. These three PCs contributed 69.2% of the total variability amongst the genotypes assessed for yield, agronomic and fiber traits. The remaining components contributed only 30.8% towards the total variability. The traits like yield, sympodia per plant and bolls per plant showed considerable positive factor loadings on PC I while on PC II, maximum positive loading was shown by plant height, Ginning Out Turn (GOT) and fiber strength and maximum negative loadings were exhibited by fiber length. ...

K-nearest neighbor (k-NN) classification is a powerful and simple method for classification. k-NN... more K-nearest neighbor (k-NN) classification is a powerful and simple method for classification. k-NN classifiers approximate a Bayesian classifier for a large number of data samples. The accuracy of k-NN classifier relies on the distance metric used for calculating nearest neighbor and features used for instances in training and testing data. In this paper we use deep neural networks (DNNs) as a feature extractor to learn discriminative internal structure of the data. We compared different distance metrics for calculating nearest neighbor in our speaker similarity score algorithm for phoneme classification and their execution time. The city block distance metric is computationally efficient and provides good phoneme classification accuracy.

Vaccines

Pegivirus, HPgV, earlier known as Gb virus and hepatitis G virus, is an enveloped, positive-stran... more Pegivirus, HPgV, earlier known as Gb virus and hepatitis G virus, is an enveloped, positive-stranded RNA and lymphotropic virus classified into the Flaviviridae family. The transmission routes primarily involve blood products, with infections worldwide, leading up to 25% of persistent infections. To date, no effective therapeutic means are available to resolve Pegivirus infections. Effective vaccine therapeutics are the best alternative to manage this disease and any associated potential pandemic. Thus, whole proteome-based mining of immunogenic peptides, i.e., CTL (cytotoxic T lymphocytes), HTL (helper T lymphocytes) and B cell epitopes were mapped to design a vaccine ensemble. Our investigation revealed that 29 different epitopes impart a critical role in immune response induction, which was also validated by exploring its physiochemical properties and experimental feasibility. In silico expression and host immune simulation using an agent-based modeling approach confirmed the ind...

Applied Sciences

The use of pulse-compression in ultrasonic non-destructive testing has assured, in various applic... more The use of pulse-compression in ultrasonic non-destructive testing has assured, in various applications, a significant improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio. In this work, the technique is combined with linear phased array to improve the sensitivity and resolution in the ultrasonic imaging of highly attenuating and scattering materials. A series of tests were conducted on a 60 mm thick carbon fiber reinforced polymer benchmark sample with known defects using a custom-made pulse-compression-based phased array system. Sector scan and total focusing method images of the sample were obtained with the developed system and were compared with those reconstructed by using a commercial pulse-echo phased array system. While an almost identical sensitivity was found in the near field, the pulse-compression-based system surpassed the standard one in the far-field producing a more accurate imaging of the deepest defects and of the backwall of the sample.

Sustainability

Potentially toxic element (PTE) pollution is a major abiotic stress, which reduces plant growth a... more Potentially toxic element (PTE) pollution is a major abiotic stress, which reduces plant growth and affects food quality by entering the food chain, and ultimately poses hazards to human health. Currently, the use of slag in PTE-contaminated soils has been reported to reduce PTEs and toxicity in plants. This review highlights the role of slag used as a fertilizer for better crop production and sustainable agricultural development. The application of slag increased the growth, yield, and quality of crops under PTE toxicity. The mechanisms followed by slag are the immobilization of PTEs in the soil, enhancement of soil pH, changes in the redox state of PTEs, and positive changes in soil physicochemical and biological properties under PTE toxicity. Nevertheless, these processes are influenced by the plant species, growth conditions, imposition length of stress, and type of slag used. The current review provides an insight into improving plant tolerance to PTE toxicity by slag-based fer...

Geofísica Internacional

Porosity and water saturation are among the important reservoir parameters in terms of reservoir ... more Porosity and water saturation are among the important reservoir parameters in terms of reservoir monitoring which in turn are necessary for placement of future production wells. Amplitude versus offset (AVO) modelling and analysis technique have been utilized for quantitative interpretation of porosity and water saturation. For AVO modeling, Gassmann fluid substitution model in connection with 2D seismic angle gathers were used for reservoir monitoring over Sawan-4 and Sawan-7 wells. AVO modellingresults showed significant increase of density log by substituting gas by water, moderate increase of P-wave velocity and no change in S-wave velocity. Moreover, AVO modelling proved a strong relationship between porosity and reflection amplitude for all offset ranges. The class IV anomaly was evident for all porosities down to 5%. From fluid substitution modelling it is evidentthat changes in water saturation do not change the AVO effect significantly which further substantiate by investig...

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology, Jan 13, 2018

The present study aimed to elucidate the photosynthetic performance, antioxidant enzyme activitie... more The present study aimed to elucidate the photosynthetic performance, antioxidant enzyme activities, anthocyanin contents, anthocyanin biosynthetic gene expression, and vanadium uptake in mustard genotypes (purple and green) that differ in photosynthetic capacity under vanadium stress. The results indicated that vanadium significantly reduced photosynthetic activity in both genotypes. The activities of the antioxidant enzymes were increased significantly in response to vanadium in both genotypes, although the purple exhibited higher. The anthocyanin contents were also reduced under vanadium stress. The anthocyanin biosynthetic genes were highly expressed in the purple genotype, notably the genes TT8, F3H, and MYBL2 under vanadium stress. The results indicate that induction of TT8, F3H, and MYBL2 genes was associated with upregulation of the biosynthetic genes required for higher anthocyanin biosynthesis in purple compared with the green mustard. The roots accumulated higher vanadium ...

Purpose: The objective of this study is to examine the impact of investor confidence, corporate g... more Purpose: The objective of this study is to examine the impact of investor confidence, corporate governance and stock liquidity on dividend policy of firms listed on Pakistan stock exchanges from 2010-2015. The liquidity constraint enabled a superior association with the interests of the controlling shareholders, particularly outside investors, which make a significant enhancement in firms' liquidity and governance. Findings: Our results indicate that dividends have a less significant impact on investor confidence after the corporate governance. Practical Implication: Our interpretation is that the improvement in corporate governance, especially the improvement in the alignment between growth opportunities and cash dividends, may take longer time to emerge. These findings provide strong evidence that shift in corporate governance and stock liquidity influence dividend policy of a firm in a substantial manner. Another implication is that stock liquidity matters in firms' divid...

Objective: Theories about how couples help each other to cope with stress, such as the systemic t... more Objective: Theories about how couples help each other to cope with stress, such as the systemic transactional model of dyadic coping, suggest that the cultural context in which couples live influences how their coping behavior affects their relationship satisfaction. In contrast to the theoretical assumptions, a recent meta-analysis provides evidence that neither culture, nor gender, influences the association between dyadic coping and relationship satisfaction, at least based on their samples of couples living in North America and West Europe. Thus, it is an open questions whether the theoretical assumptions of cultural influences are false or whether cultural influences on couple behavior just occur in cultures outside of the Western world. Method: In order to examine the cultural influence, using a sample of married individuals (N = 7,973) from 35 nations, we used multilevel modeling to test whether the positive association between dyadic coping and relationship satisfaction vari...

Computers & Chemical Engineering

ABSTRACT

Computers & Chemical Engineering, 2013

ABSTRACT In this study, we propose a mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model for supers... more ABSTRACT In this study, we propose a mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model for superstructure based optimization of biodiesel production from microalgal biomass. The proposed superstructure includes a number of major processing steps for the production of biodiesel from microalgal biomass, such as the harvesting of microalgal biomass, pretreatments including drying and cell disruption of harvested biomass, lipid extraction, transesterification, and post-transesterfication purification. The proposed model is used to find the optimal processing pathway among the large number of potential pathways that exist for the production of biodiesel from microalgae. The proposed methodology is tested by implementing on a specific case with different choices of objective functions. The MINLP model is implemented and solved in GAMS using a database built in Excel. The results from the optimization are analyzed and their significances are discussed.

Catalysts

In the present study Mentha arvensis medaited Magnesium oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by n... more In the present study Mentha arvensis medaited Magnesium oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by novel green route followed by advanced characterization via XRD, FTIR, UV, SEM, TEM, DLS and TGA. The mean grain size of 32.4 nm and crystallite fcc morphology were confirmed by X-ray diffractive analysis. Scanning and Transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed the spherical and elliptical morphologies of the biosynthesized nanoparticles. Particle surface charge of −16.1 mV were determined by zeta potential and zeta size of 30–120 nm via dynamic light scattering method. Fourier transform spectroscopic analysis revealed the possible involvement of functional groups in the plant extract in reduction of Mg2+ ions to Mg0. Furthermore, the antioxidant, anti-Alzheimer, anti-cancer, and anti-H. pylori activities were performed. The results revealed that MgO-NPs has significant anti-H. pyloric potential by giving ZOI of 17.19 ± 0.83 mm against Helicobacter felis followed by Helicobacter s...

2019 International Congress on Ultrasonics

178th Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America

International Journal on Language, Research and Education Studies

Molecules

Sustainable production of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants by artificial culturing on th... more Sustainable production of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants by artificial culturing on the industrial scale has gained worldwide importance. Engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) play a pivotal role in the elicitation of compounds of medicinal value. This investigation explores the influence of ZnO and CuO ENPs on in vitro roots formation, non-enzymatic antioxidant activities, and production of steviol glycosides (SGs) in regenerants of Candyleaf, Stevia rebaudiana. ENPs were applied in 0, 2, 20, 200, and 2000 mg/L of concentration in the MS medium containing plant shoots. The percentage of rooting induced was 91% and 94% by applying ZnO ENPs (2 mg/L) and CuO ENPs (20 mg/L), respectively. Moreover, at 2 mg/L of ZnO and 20 mg/L of CuO ENPs, the high performance liquid chromatography studies determined the significantly greatest content of SGs; rebaudioside A (4.42 and 4.44) and stevioside (1.28 and 1.96). Phytochemical studies including total flavonoid content, total phenolic conte...

Plants

The present experiment was carried out to study the influences of exogenously-applied nitric oxid... more The present experiment was carried out to study the influences of exogenously-applied nitric oxide (NO) donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as seed primers on growth and yield in relation with different physio-biochemical parameters, antioxidant activities, and osmolyte accumulation in wheat plants grown under control (100% field capacity) and water stress (60% field capacity) conditions. During soaking, the seeds were covered and kept in completely dark. Drought stress markedly reduced the plant growth, grain yield, leaf photosynthetic pigments, total phenolic content (TPC), total soluble proteins (TSP), leaf water potential (Ψw), leaf turgor potential (Ψp), osmotic potential (Ψs), and leaf relative water content (LRWC), while it increased the activities of enzymatic antioxidants and the accumulation of leaf ascorbic acid (AsA), proline (Pro), glycine betaine (GB), malondialdehyde (MDA), and H2O2. However, seed priming with SNP and H2O2 alone and in combin...

The Pakistan Development Review

The private sector had its major share in the economic development of the country in the early ye... more The private sector had its major share in the economic development of the country in the early years of its independence in the 1950s. However, the private sector suffered a set back in the early 1970s, when a huge process of nationalisation of a large number of private industrial units was undertaken by the then government. Over the decades these enterprises were not professionally managed and the political influences in the management and running of these enterprises played havoc with them and consequently the experiment proved to be a failure. Attending to the weaknesses and inefficiencies inherent in the public sector enterprises, privatisation was systematically initiated by the then government in the early 1990s. Various privatisation commissions were set up in subsequent years and the privatisation process got some momentum during the present government and many large and profitable firms were privatised in the last few years, particularly at a time when the overall climate i...