Muhammad Sajid - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Muhammad Sajid

The American Journal of Surgery, 2009

This review found that laparoscopic repair of incisional/ventral hernia was a safe, feasible and ... more This review found that laparoscopic repair of incisional/ventral hernia was a safe, feasible and effective alternative to open repair techniques and was associated with shorter hospital stays and lower incidence of complications. These conclusions should be interpreted with caution given the possibility of publication bias, failure to appropriately assess study quality, and lack of study details. Authors' objectives To compare laparoscopic and open repair of incisional/ventral hernia. Searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies published between 1993 and August 2007. Search terms were reported. Reference lists were screened to identify additional studies.

Journal of Earth Science, 2014

The granitic rocks around the Utla area (Gadoon), north western, Pakistan are studied in terms of... more The granitic rocks around the Utla area (Gadoon), north western, Pakistan are studied in terms of their petrographic features and geochemical characteristics. Although predominantly mega-porphyritic, some of the Utla granites are massive and display fine-grained equi-granular texture. Some of the mega-porphyritic varieties exhibit foliation and seem to be restricted to shear zones. In addition to being distributed largely as phenocrysts, all the essential minerals (plagioclase, perthitic alkali feldspar and quartz) also constitute the groundmass. The studied samples also contain minor to accessory amounts of tourmaline, muscovite and biotite and accessory to trace amounts of apatite, andalusite, garnet, zircon, monazite, epidote and sphene. A detailed geochemical investigation reveals a calc-alkaline and peraluminous character of the Utla granites. The peraluminous character and total lack of hornblende designate their S-type character while a volcanic arc or syn-collisional tectonic setting for their emplacement is indicated by discrimination diagrams. Further examination shows that the melt parental to the Utla granite was derived from a plagioclase-poor, clay-rich rock, i.e., pelite. The petrogenetically significant petrographic and geochemical features of the Utla granite show greater similarity with the Mansehra than the Ambela granites. These include (i) the predominantly megaporphyritic texture, (ii) the presence of andalusite and tourmaline, (iii) the calc-alkaline geochemical signature and (iv) an indication of similar melt source rock character.

Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, E. Medical Entomology & Parasitology, 2021

Virologica Sinica, Jan 11, 2018

Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a zoonotic pathogen capable of causing... more Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a zoonotic pathogen capable of causing severe respiratory disease in humans. Although dromedary camels are considered as a major reservoir host, the MERS-CoV infection dynamics in camels are not fully understood. Through surveillance in Pakistan, nasal (n = 776) and serum (n = 1050) samples were collected from camels between November 2015 and February 2018. Samples were collected from animal markets, free-roaming herds and abattoirs. An in-house ELISA was developed to detect IgG against MERS-CoV. A total of 794 camels were found seropositive for MERS-CoV. Prevalence increased with the age and the highest seroprevalence was recorded in camels aged > 10 years (81.37%) followed by those aged 3.1-10 years (78.65%) and ≤ 3 years (58.19%). Higher prevalence was observed in female (78.13%) as compared to male (70.70%). Of the camel nasal swabs, 22 were found to be positive by RT-qPCR though with high Ct values. Moreover, 2,409 h...

PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2017

As obligate blood-feeding arthropods, ticks transmit pathogens to humans and domestic animals mor... more As obligate blood-feeding arthropods, ticks transmit pathogens to humans and domestic animals more often than other arthropod vectors. Livestock farming plays a vital role in the rural economy of Pakistan, and tick infestation causes serious problems with it. However, research on tick species diversity and tick-borne pathogens has rarely been conducted in Pakistan. In this study, a systematic investigation of the tick species infesting livestock in different ecological regions of Pakistan was conducted to determine the microbiome and pathobiome diversity in the indigenous ticks. A total of 3,866 tick specimens were morphologically identified as 19 different tick species representing three important hard ticks, Rhipicephalus, Haemaphysalis and Hyalomma, and two soft ticks, Ornithodorus and Argas. The bacterial diversity across these tick species was assessed by bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing using a 454-sequencing platform on 10 of the different tick species infesting livestock. ...

Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics, 2016

The two-dimensional boundary layer flow of an electrically conducting micropolar fluid and heat t... more The two-dimensional boundary layer flow of an electrically conducting micropolar fluid and heat transfer subject to a transverse uniform magnetic field over a curved stretching sheet coiled in a circle of radius has been studied. The effect of thermal radiation is also considered using linearized Rosseland approximation. For mathematical formulation of the flow equations, curvilinear coordinates system is used. The governing partial differential equations describing the flow phenomena and heat transfer characteristics are reduced to ordinary differential equations by means of suitable transformations. The system of differential equations is solved numerically by shooting method using Runge-Kutta algorithm combined with the Newtons-Raphson technique. Some physical features of the flow and heat transfer in terms of fluid velocity, angular velocity, temperature profile, the skin-friction coefficient, couple wall stress and the local Nusselt number for several values of fluid parameters are analyzed, discussed and presented in graphs and tables. Comparison of the present results with the published data for the flat surface i.e. (→ ∞) is found in good agreement.

PloS one, 2016

Q-band and X-band pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopic methods (EPR) in the solid... more Q-band and X-band pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopic methods (EPR) in the solid state were employed to refine the parameters characterizing the anisotropic interactions present in six nitroxide radicals prepared by N,N addition of NO to various borane-phosphane frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs). The EPR spectra are characterized by the g-anisotropy as well as by nuclear hyperfine coupling between the unpaired electron and the 11B/10B, 14N and 31P nuclear magnetic moments. It was previously shown that continuous-wave spectra measured at X-band frequency (9.5 GHz) are dominated by the magnetic hyperfine coupling to 14N and 31P, whereas the g-tensor values and the 11B hyperfine coupling parameters cannot be refined with high precision from lineshape fitting. On the other hand, the X-band electron spin echo envelope modulation (ESEEM) and hyperfine sublevel correlation (HYSCORE) spectra are completely dominated by the nuclear hyperfine coupling to the 11B nuclei, allowing ...

Nihon Reoroji Gakkaishi, 2016

The objective of this work is to study the peristaltic motion of an incompressible Giesekus fluid... more The objective of this work is to study the peristaltic motion of an incompressible Giesekus fluid in a circular cylindrical tube. The problem is modeled in a fixed frame of reference and then transformed into a frame that moves with the wave speed. The most widely taken assumptions of long wavelength and low Reynolds number are applied in the wave frame. Both exact and approximate solutions of governing equation for stream function are obtained at each cross-section by solving nonlinear algebraic equations. The comparison of the two solutions is presented graphically. The exact solution is then used to analyze the effects of parameters of interest on velocity profile, pressure rise per wavelength and trapping phenomenon. The results disclose that the magnitude of velocity increases in the middle-most region of the tube whereas it decreases in the vicinity of wall with increasing the Giesekus model parameters. It is also observed that the size and circulation of the trapped bolus decrease with increasing the Giesekus model parameters. Moreover, much greater mixing is realized in a plane channel than in a circular tube.

In order to study the response of okra cultivars to different sowing times, an experiment was con... more In order to study the response of okra cultivars to different sowing times, an experiment was conducted at Horticultural Research Farm, Department of Agriculture, Skardu (Northern Areas) during summer 2005. Five cultivars of Okra i.e. Malav-27, Sabz Pari, Super Green, Pusa Sawani and Punjab Selection were sown in three different sowing dates with 10 days interval i.e. 18 th May,

Gastroenterology Report, 2013

The objective of this article is to systematically analyse the randomized, controlled trials that... more The objective of this article is to systematically analyse the randomized, controlled trials that compare the use of antibacterial sutures (ABS) for skin closure in controlling surgical site infections. Methods: Randomized, controlled trials on surgical patients comparing the use of ABS for skin closure in controlling the surgical site infections were analysed systematically using RevMan Õ and combined outcomes were expressed as odds ratios (OR) and standardized mean differences (SMD). Results: Seven randomized, controlled trials evaluating 1631 patients were retrieved from electronic databases. There were 760 patients in the ABS group and 871 patients in the simple suture group. There was moderate heterogeneity among trials (Tau 2 = 0.12; chi 2 = 8.40, df = 6 [P < 0.01]; I 2 = 29%). Therefore in the random-effects model, the use of ABS for skin closure in surgical patients was associated with a reduced risk of developing surgical site infections (OR, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.37, 0.99; z = 2.02; P < 0.04) and postoperative complications (OR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.32, 0.98 z = 2.04; P = 0.04). The durations of operation and lengths of hospital stay were similar following the use of ABS and SS for skin closure in patients undergoing various surgical procedures. Conclusion: Use of ABS for skin closure in surgical patients is effective in reducing the risk of surgical site infection and postoperative complications. ABS is comparable with SS in terms of length of hospital stay and duration of operation.

Thermal Science, 2016

The aim of this paper is to investigate the velocity and thermal slip effects in MHD flow and hea... more The aim of this paper is to investigate the velocity and thermal slip effects in MHD flow and heat transfer of two-phase viscous fluid. It is assumed that both the phases have different densities, viscosities and electrical conductivities. The fully developed flow governed by a constant pressure gradient is passing through an inclined channel having inclination f with horizontal axis. The electrical conductivity in phase I is assumed to be zero so that the constant applied magnetic field of strength B0 in the transverse direction only effect the fluid in phase II. The method of successive approximation is used to develop the analytic solution of order 1 for the developed dimensionless coupled ordinary differential equations. The main focus is to discuss the influence of velocity and thermal slip parameters and Hartmann number on the velocity and temperature profiles.

Nonlinear Dynamics, 2006

In this paper, we prove in general that the homotopy perturbation method (HPM) proposed in 1998 i... more In this paper, we prove in general that the homotopy perturbation method (HPM) proposed in 1998 is only a special case of the homotopy analysis method (HAM) profound in 1992 when = −1. Besides, by using the thin film flows of Sisko and Oldroyd 6-constant fluids on a moving belt as examples, we show that the solutions given by HPM (Siddiqui, A.M., Ahmed, M., Ghori, Q.K.: Chaos Solitons and Fractals (2006) in press) are divergent, and thus useless. However, by choosing a proper value of the auxiliary parameter , we give convergent series solution by means of the HAM. These two examples also show that, different from the HPM and other traditional analytic techniques, the HAM indeed provides us with a simple way to ensure the convergence of the solution.

Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2014

Journal of Surgical Oncology, 2012

Application of minimally invasive techniques to gastric cancer in the West has been curbed by con... more Application of minimally invasive techniques to gastric cancer in the West has been curbed by concerns of feasibility and oncologic adequacy. Growing evidence supports improved short-term and equivalent oncologic outcomes in selected patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery for early-stage disease. Laparoscopic resection for advanced gastric cancer remains controversial due to few reliable studies on long-term outcomes. We focus on important studies from Asia and highlight the Western experience with laparoscopic and robotic surgery for gastric carcinoma.

Journal of Applied Mechanics, 2007

In this study, we derive an analytical solution describing the magnetohydrodynamic boundary layer... more In this study, we derive an analytical solution describing the magnetohydrodynamic boundary layer flow of a second grade fluid over a shrinking sheet. Both exact and series solutions have been determined. For the series solution, the governing nonlinear problem is solved using the homotopy analysis method. The convergence of the obtained solution is analyzed explicitly. Graphical results have been presented and discussed for the pertinent parameters.

Italian Journal of Animal Science, 2007

The objective of this study was to estimate economic losses in terms of milk production caused by... more The objective of this study was to estimate economic losses in terms of milk production caused by tick infestation in dairy buffaloes (Bos bubalus bubalis) of Punjab (Pakistan). To this end, six hundred Nili-Ravi buffaloes infested with Hyalomma ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) were selected and divided into two equal groups viz; A & B. The animals of group A were treated with various doses of 5% cypermethrine pour-on (Cipermetriven, Ivan Labs, Spain) while those of group B were treated with propylene glycol (Propandiol-(1, 2), Merck) as a sham treatment. Average milk production (L) and butter fat (%) was recorded before and after treatment in order to calculate post-treatment increase in these parameters (if any). An average daily increase of 1.15L in milk yield per animal with 1.31% more fat was observed in acaricide-treated animals. A dose-dependent effect of acaricide was found on the number of ticks as well as milk production and fat. The results provided a baseline data for further research on economic impact of tick nuisance to the smallholder dairy farming systems of Pakistan.

International Journal of Surgery, 2011

International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 2009

In this paper it is proved that the perturbation and homotopy perturbation solutions for the two ... more In this paper it is proved that the perturbation and homotopy perturbation solutions for the two problems namely (i) unsteady convective-radiative equation and (ii) non-linear convective-radiative conduction equation are only valid for weak non-linearity. It is worth mentioning that homotopy perturbation method (HPM) does not provide exact and convergent solutions in most of the situations. Moreover, HPM have no criteria for establishing the convergence of the series solution. In the present study, it is shown and commented that the results in the two examples are valid only for small values of the parameters. The homotopy analysis method (HAM) is used in obtaining more meaningful and valid solutions.

Equine Veterinary Journal, 2010

A total of 438 sera from Korean native beef cattle in 9 provinces were tested for Neospora caninu... more A total of 438 sera from Korean native beef cattle in 9 provinces were tested for Neospora caninum antibodies using an immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT). Eighteen (4.1%) cattle were positive by IFAT. The titers ranged from 1:200 (10 animals), 1:400 (5 animals), 1:800 (2 animals) to 1:1,600 (1 animal). Although the seroprevalence was slightly higher in Chungnam (8.9%), this was not significantly different from those noted in Kyunggi, Kangwon, Kyungbuk, Kyungnam, and Cheju provinces. Sera obtained from beef cattle in the provinces of Chungbuk, Jeonbuk and Jeonnam were all negative. Neospora positive sera were also tested for anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies using a commercial latex agglutination test (LAT). Antibody to T. gondii was detected in only 1 (5.6%) of 18 N. caninum positive sera. These results indicate that N. caninum and T. gondii infection are present at a low level in the Korean native beef cattle. KEY WORDS: immunofluorescent antibody test, Korean native beef cattle, Neospora caninum.

Computers & Mathematics with Applications, 2007

The steady flow of a second grade fluid in a porous channel is considered. The constitutive equat... more The steady flow of a second grade fluid in a porous channel is considered. The constitutive equations are those used for a second grade fluid. The fluid is electrically conducting in the presence of a uniform magnetic field applied in the transverse direction to the flow. It is shown that an analytical solution is possible by employing a homotopy analysis method (HAM). The convergence of the obtained solution is also taken into account. Assessment for the influence of various parameters of interest on the velocity is undertaken.