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Papers by Muhammad Shoaib

Central European Journal of Physics, 2008

Complex multilayer thin film filters for optical applications have been designed, prepared and ch... more Complex multilayer thin film filters for optical applications have been designed, prepared and characterized in this work. E-beam reactive evaporation technique has been used as a deposition process. In the first stage, optimized individual film layers of TiO2, Ta2O5, and SiO2 are deposited and characterized optically and structurally before the deposition of multilayered structures. The filter designs are based upon 33 layered SiO2/TiO2 and SiO2/Ta2O5 configurations on glass substrate. These designs are optimized to achieve wideband transmission in the visible spectrum. After deposition, the two filter configurations are characterized optically and structurally using spectrophotometery, atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SiO2/Ta2O5/glass filter has been found sensitive to deposition conditions since high absorption is observed in multilayered configuration for the as-deposited samples. Post-deposition annealing of the filt...

Advanced Materials Research, 2011

This paper presents an experimental study on the improvement of unreinforced block masonry buildi... more This paper presents an experimental study on the improvement of unreinforced block masonry buildings against earthquake disasters. Unreinforced concrete block masonry piers have been tested for lateral strength before and after retrofitting. Welded mesh and injection of cement grout techniques have been used for piers retrofitting. The analysis of experimental results demonstrates that proper retrofitting can decrease the risk to concrete block masonry buildings in future scenario earthquakes. Retrofitting increases not only the overall strength of unreinforced masonry piers but also the ductility.

Advanced Materials Research, 2011

This paper presents a study on seismic resistance of typical single and double storey masonry bui... more This paper presents a study on seismic resistance of typical single and double storey masonry buildings constructed in the southern districts of Pakhthunkhwa, Pakistan. Two types of bricks; wooden and rice husk burnt bricks, have been investigated in combination with mud and cement-sand mortar. Plane and reinforced specimens have been tested in axial compression and diagonal compression. Analysis of the experimental results show that both single and double storey buildings constructed in the study area with mud mortar and mud plaster are seismically vulnerable. However application of the wire mesh on wall surface subsequently plastered increases the strength significantly and make the structure resistant to the earthquake forces.

Journal of High Energy Physics, 2013

The underlying event activity in proton-proton collisions at forward pseudo-rapidity (−6.6 < η... more The underlying event activity in proton-proton collisions at forward pseudo-rapidity (−6.6 < η < −5.2) is studied with the CMS detector at the LHC, using a novel observable: the ratio of the forward energy density, dE/dη, for events with a charged-particle jet produced at central pseudorapidity (|η jet| < 2) to the forward energy density for inclusive events. This forward energy density ratio is measured as a function of the central jet transverse momentum, p T, at three different pp centre-of-mass energies ( $ \sqrt{s}=0.9 $ , 2.76, and 7 TeV). In addition, the $ \sqrt{s} $ evolution of the forward energy density is studied in inclusive events and in events with a central jet. The results are compared to those of Monte Carlo event generators for pp collisions and are discussed in terms of the underlying event. Whereas the dependence of the forward energy density ratio on jet p T at each $ \sqrt{s} $ separately can be well reproduced by some models, all models fail to simul...

Physical Review D, 2011

A multivariate likelihood method to measure electroweak couplings with the Drell-Yan process at t... more A multivariate likelihood method to measure electroweak couplings with the Drell-Yan process at the LHC is presented. The process is described by the dilepton rapidity, invariant mass, and decay angle distributions. The decay angle ambiguity due to the unknown assignment of the scattered constituent quark and antiquark to the two protons in a collision is resolved statistically using correlations between the observables. The method is applied to a sample of dimuon events from proton-proton collisions at √ s = 7 TeV collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.1 fb −1. From the dominant uu, dd → γ * /Z → µ − µ + process, the effective weak mixing angle parameter is measured to be sin 2 θ eff = 0.2287 ± 0.0020 (stat.) ± 0.0025 (syst.). This result is consistent with measurements from other processes, as expected within the standard model.

Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2011

Perovskite crystal structure is found in many ionic solids like CaTiO 3 , BaTiO 3 and Lead Zircon... more Perovskite crystal structure is found in many ionic solids like CaTiO 3 , BaTiO 3 and Lead Zirconate Titanates (PZT). In this structure off-center position of cations in oxygen octahedral causes polarization and produces direct and indirect piezoelectric responses in ceramic materials that are suitable for many ultrasonic applications. In the present study 9% Sr doped PZT ceramics were prepared and their dielectric and piezoelectric properties measured. X ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis of calcined powders demonstrated a decrease in the PbO content during the calcination stage at 850 C. This was counterbalanced by adding excess PbO at the time of preparation of mixtures. Sintering was carried out at 1200 C for 2 hours in lead rich atmosphere. The properties achieved were Dielectric Constant (K) = 1440, Tangent Loss (Tan = 0 0062, Charge Coefficient (d 33 = 335 pC/N and density = 7 55 g/cm 3. SEM analysis of sintered samples demonstrated that grain size was 2-3 m with clean grain boundaries and no large size porosity observed. XRD analysis of sintered pellets exhibited that material prepared was free of any precipitated phase usually harmful for the piezo effect.

2010 Second International Conference on Computer Research and Development, 2010

Abstract— Information Technology in agriculture is intended to provide knowledge to the farmers i... more Abstract— Information Technology in agriculture is intended to provide knowledge to the farmers in order to make more informed and valuable decisions. In this paper we present an Integrated Agriculture Information Framework (IAIF) to enable knowledge extraction from multiple ...

Central European Journal of Physics, 2008

Complex multilayer thin film filters for optical applications have been designed, prepared and ch... more Complex multilayer thin film filters for optical applications have been designed, prepared and characterized in this work. E-beam reactive evaporation technique has been used as a deposition process. In the first stage, optimized individual film layers of TiO2, Ta2O5, and SiO2 are deposited and characterized optically and structurally before the deposition of multilayered structures. The filter designs are based upon 33 layered SiO2/TiO2 and SiO2/Ta2O5 configurations on glass substrate. These designs are optimized to achieve wideband transmission in the visible spectrum. After deposition, the two filter configurations are characterized optically and structurally using spectrophotometery, atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SiO2/Ta2O5/glass filter has been found sensitive to deposition conditions since high absorption is observed in multilayered configuration for the as-deposited samples. Post-deposition annealing of the filt...

Advanced Materials Research, 2011

This paper presents an experimental study on the improvement of unreinforced block masonry buildi... more This paper presents an experimental study on the improvement of unreinforced block masonry buildings against earthquake disasters. Unreinforced concrete block masonry piers have been tested for lateral strength before and after retrofitting. Welded mesh and injection of cement grout techniques have been used for piers retrofitting. The analysis of experimental results demonstrates that proper retrofitting can decrease the risk to concrete block masonry buildings in future scenario earthquakes. Retrofitting increases not only the overall strength of unreinforced masonry piers but also the ductility.

Advanced Materials Research, 2011

This paper presents a study on seismic resistance of typical single and double storey masonry bui... more This paper presents a study on seismic resistance of typical single and double storey masonry buildings constructed in the southern districts of Pakhthunkhwa, Pakistan. Two types of bricks; wooden and rice husk burnt bricks, have been investigated in combination with mud and cement-sand mortar. Plane and reinforced specimens have been tested in axial compression and diagonal compression. Analysis of the experimental results show that both single and double storey buildings constructed in the study area with mud mortar and mud plaster are seismically vulnerable. However application of the wire mesh on wall surface subsequently plastered increases the strength significantly and make the structure resistant to the earthquake forces.

Journal of High Energy Physics, 2013

The underlying event activity in proton-proton collisions at forward pseudo-rapidity (−6.6 < η... more The underlying event activity in proton-proton collisions at forward pseudo-rapidity (−6.6 < η < −5.2) is studied with the CMS detector at the LHC, using a novel observable: the ratio of the forward energy density, dE/dη, for events with a charged-particle jet produced at central pseudorapidity (|η jet| < 2) to the forward energy density for inclusive events. This forward energy density ratio is measured as a function of the central jet transverse momentum, p T, at three different pp centre-of-mass energies ( $ \sqrt{s}=0.9 $ , 2.76, and 7 TeV). In addition, the $ \sqrt{s} $ evolution of the forward energy density is studied in inclusive events and in events with a central jet. The results are compared to those of Monte Carlo event generators for pp collisions and are discussed in terms of the underlying event. Whereas the dependence of the forward energy density ratio on jet p T at each $ \sqrt{s} $ separately can be well reproduced by some models, all models fail to simul...

Physical Review D, 2011

A multivariate likelihood method to measure electroweak couplings with the Drell-Yan process at t... more A multivariate likelihood method to measure electroweak couplings with the Drell-Yan process at the LHC is presented. The process is described by the dilepton rapidity, invariant mass, and decay angle distributions. The decay angle ambiguity due to the unknown assignment of the scattered constituent quark and antiquark to the two protons in a collision is resolved statistically using correlations between the observables. The method is applied to a sample of dimuon events from proton-proton collisions at √ s = 7 TeV collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.1 fb −1. From the dominant uu, dd → γ * /Z → µ − µ + process, the effective weak mixing angle parameter is measured to be sin 2 θ eff = 0.2287 ± 0.0020 (stat.) ± 0.0025 (syst.). This result is consistent with measurements from other processes, as expected within the standard model.

Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2011

Perovskite crystal structure is found in many ionic solids like CaTiO 3 , BaTiO 3 and Lead Zircon... more Perovskite crystal structure is found in many ionic solids like CaTiO 3 , BaTiO 3 and Lead Zirconate Titanates (PZT). In this structure off-center position of cations in oxygen octahedral causes polarization and produces direct and indirect piezoelectric responses in ceramic materials that are suitable for many ultrasonic applications. In the present study 9% Sr doped PZT ceramics were prepared and their dielectric and piezoelectric properties measured. X ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis of calcined powders demonstrated a decrease in the PbO content during the calcination stage at 850 C. This was counterbalanced by adding excess PbO at the time of preparation of mixtures. Sintering was carried out at 1200 C for 2 hours in lead rich atmosphere. The properties achieved were Dielectric Constant (K) = 1440, Tangent Loss (Tan = 0 0062, Charge Coefficient (d 33 = 335 pC/N and density = 7 55 g/cm 3. SEM analysis of sintered samples demonstrated that grain size was 2-3 m with clean grain boundaries and no large size porosity observed. XRD analysis of sintered pellets exhibited that material prepared was free of any precipitated phase usually harmful for the piezo effect.

2010 Second International Conference on Computer Research and Development, 2010

Abstract— Information Technology in agriculture is intended to provide knowledge to the farmers i... more Abstract— Information Technology in agriculture is intended to provide knowledge to the farmers in order to make more informed and valuable decisions. In this paper we present an Integrated Agriculture Information Framework (IAIF) to enable knowledge extraction from multiple ...