Muhammad Shuaib - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Muhammad Shuaib

Research paper thumbnail of WITHDRAWN: Quantitative analysis of medicinal plants consumption in the highest mountainous region of Bahrain valley northern, Pakistan

Acta Ecologica Sinica

The purpose of the current study was to provide information on traditional uses of medicinal plan... more The purpose of the current study was to provide information on traditional uses of medicinal plants used by the inhabitants of Bahrain valley, District Swat, Northern Pakistan. This is the first quantitative ethnobotanical survey from the locality. A total of 134 informants were interviewed through semi-structured interviews and group discussions. The data were analyzed through quantifiable tools, i.e., informant consensus factor (ICF), Relative frequency of citation (RFC), Fidelity level (FL), Direct Matrix Ranking (DMR) and Use value (UV) indices. A total of 72 medicinal plants from 45 families were studied. The largest numbers of medicinal plants were reported from family Asteraceae with 5 species. Highest (0.89) informant consensus factor was observed for gastrointestinal and lowest (0.54) as painkiller. Highest fidelity level (94.12%) was observed for Ajuga bracteosa and lowest (56.52%) for Plantago major. The Relative frequency of citation was observed high (0.43) for Valeriana jatamansi while lowest for Nerium oleander (0.04). For Direct Matrix Ranking Melia azedarach (24) got first rank lowest (10) by Vitex negundo. Leaves (31%) were mostly used as the part used for ethnomedicines. Mostly herbs (65%) were detected for the preparation of ethnomedicines. Decoction (28%) was mostly observed with oral (76%) as a route of administration. The inhabitants in Northern Pakistan use mostly ethnomedicines for primary health care. Plants with high ICF value should be subjected to comprehensive pharmacological and phytochemical studies for novel drug discovery.

Research paper thumbnail of Protective Effects of Aloe vera Gel Ethanolic Extract Against Streptozotocin-induced Hepato-pancreatic Toxicity in Female Albino Rats

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International, 2022

Aims: Organ toxicity results from the accumulation of toxic substances in the organs which ultima... more Aims: Organ toxicity results from the accumulation of toxic substances in the organs which ultimately culminates in failure of the organ. Allopathic medications are not very effective in organ protection. Hence, it is imperative that a natural and safer organoprotective agent should be found. Study Design: To assess the organoprotective effect of Aloe vera gel against STZ for renal, hepato and pancreatic toxicity in albino Wistar rats. Place and Duration of Study: Whole work had been completed at the Microbiology and Molecular biology labs of IMBB, The University of Lahore during 2019- 2020. Methodology: Organoprotective ability of different doses of ethanolic extracts of Aloe vera (A. vera) gel was evaluated against intraperitoneal induction of 55mg/kg Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced pancreatic, renal and hepatic toxicity in female albino Wistar rats by keeping metformin (100mg/kg) as a positive protective control. Results: Results revealed that 200 mg/kg ethanolic extracts of A. vera...

Research paper thumbnail of © 2009 Academic Journals

Comparative efficacy of doxycycline and flumequine against experimentally induced colibacillosis ... more Comparative efficacy of doxycycline and flumequine against experimentally induced colibacillosis in broiler chicks

Research paper thumbnail of Medicinal Uses of Chemical Extracts from Withania somnifera and Its Antimicrobial Activity: A Mini-Review

Withania somnifera is an important medicinal plant used in Pakistan from the old time by the herb... more Withania somnifera is an important medicinal plant used in Pakistan from the old time by the herbalists in making different medicines. The history of this plant comes from Unani and Ayurvedic system. Ethnopharmacological and chemical research on Withania somnifera proves that plant extracts have a wide range of applications. The Withania somnifera mostly utilized for its anti-inflammatory effect, anti-cancer, antibacterial, antifungal, cardiovascular effects and for various other activities as well. Its chemical constituents also showed an awesome antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Pesudomanas fluorescens, Bacillus stubtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Xanthomonas axonopodis and Puccinia malvacearum. Still, a well conducted biological research for several applications of this plant is required. The variability in chemistry of this plant seems important, so future studies and research on the pharmacological activities of these plant extracts should provide more chemical pr...

Research paper thumbnail of Pharmacological Activities and One Pot Two Step Synthesis of Novel ( E )-N-( 1-methyl-4-oxoimidazolidin-2-ylidene ) benzamide

The aim of the present work was to synthesize a compound from biological waste product i-e Creati... more The aim of the present work was to synthesize a compound from biological waste product i-e Creatinine and to develop an easy way of synthesis unlike the conventional methods which is time consuming and requires large amount of solvent along with great deal of efforts and to explore its pharmacological importance on scientific ground. The title compound showed highly significant analgesic activity in animal model at both parameters, In acetic acid induced writhing test the result were highly significant i-e 92.03% (P<0.001) while in hotplate method the compound showed 86.11% (P<0.001) activity at 30 mg/kg body weight against Diclofenac Sodium and Pentazocine used as standard respectively. For the toxicity study, the compound was orally administered to the Swiss albino mice according to the OECD guideline 423. There was no lethality or toxic symptoms observed for all the tested doses throughout the 14-day period.

Research paper thumbnail of Human coronaviruses with emphasis on the COVID-19 outbreak

VirusDisease, 2020

Human coronaviruses are known as respiratory pathogens mainly associated with a range of respirat... more Human coronaviruses are known as respiratory pathogens mainly associated with a range of respiratory diseases. In the past 18 years, the beginning of severe acute respiratory syndrome human coronavirus (SARS-HCoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and now the (COVID-19) have driven the HCoV into the platform of the scientific community due to their high pathogenicity in humans. Our study about the HCoV has contributed extensively to the understanding of HCoV pathogenesis its outbreak and precautionary measurements mainly COVID-19. By the 16-February 2020, total existing diagnosis cases of COVID-19, in china now numbered around 57,255, total cumulative diagnosis is about 68,592, total existing suspicion is about 8228, a total severe existing disease 11,272, the total cumulative cure is about 9671 with more than 1666 cumulative deaths have been reported. The purpose of the review is to summarize the present knowledge on the viral diversity, reservoir hosts, and geographical distributions of Human coronavirus (COVID-19) in China.

Research paper thumbnail of Optimization conditions for native microalgal strains grown on high ammonia-containing wastewater and their biomass utilization

Limnological Review, 2019

Excessive microalgal blooms can be caused by waste disposal into natural water bodies resulting i... more Excessive microalgal blooms can be caused by waste disposal into natural water bodies resulting in the destruction of aquatic life. However,, microalgae are also known to efficiently remediate pollutants. After the treatment of wastewater, microalgae absorb specific nutrients and can enhance the production of bioproducts. Growing microalgae as an alternative to wastewater treatment and bioproduct production has received considerable attention due to its rapid growth rate, efficient waste removal, tolerance to stress conditions and ability to accumulate valuable products. In addition, these microorganisms have a high photosynthetic rate of CO2 fixation, oxygen production and need no arable land for their cultivation. Nevertheless, in spite of these theoretical advantages, the issues surrounding the re-use of naturally existing microalgal strains need further exploration in respect to their isolation, identification and lab growth under stress conditions. The true potential of microal...

Research paper thumbnail of Isolating Soil-Born Fungi and Determining Their Phytotoxicty Against Weeds in Millet

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 2020

Studies on the isolation of soil-born fungi and their phytotoxicity against weeds and millet were... more Studies on the isolation of soil-born fungi and their phytotoxicity against weeds and millet were conducted in the Centre of Biotechnology and Microbiology at the University of Peshawar in 2015. For this purpose, soil from the three botanical gardens in Peshawar valley-the Botanical Garden of the Pakistan Forest Institute (PFI), the Islamia College Botanical Garden and the University of Peshawar Botanical Garden in Aza Khel-were collected and analyzed for the identification and isolation of different species of soil-born fungi. A total of seven species of fungi were isolated from the three botanical gardens, 5 species (Alternaria spp., Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium spp., and Rhizopus spp.) from the botanical garden of the Pakistan Forest Institute, 4 species (Fusarium spp., Cladosporium spp., Penicillium spp., and A. flavus) from Islamia College Botanical Garden and 3 species (A. flavus, Alternaria spp and A. niger) from the University of Peshawar botanical garden in Aza Khel. Among these, A. flavous was found in all three botanical gardens with higher frequency such as in PFI (90%), in Islamia College Botanical Garden (65%) and the University of Peshawar Botanical Garden in Aza Khel (50%). This species produces a large number of colonies such as in PFI (56), Islamia College (24) and in the University of Peshawar (7) colonies per petri dish. In the second part of the studies, crude extract of A. flavus was collected and tested on the seed mortality of five different weeds and millet. Those weeds were A. retroflexus, C. album, Sonchus arvensis, Galium aparine and Viola arvensis.

Research paper thumbnail of Numerical investigation of an unsteady nanofluid flow with magnetic and suction effects to the moving upper plate

Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 2020

The recent work provides the numerical investigation of an unsteady viscous nanofluid flow betwee... more The recent work provides the numerical investigation of an unsteady viscous nanofluid flow between two porous plates under the effect of variable magnetic field and suction/injection. Navier Stokes equations are modeled to study the hydrothermal properties of four different nanoparticles copper [Formula: see text], silver [Formula: see text], aluminum oxide [Formula: see text], and titanium oxide [Formula: see text]. The resultant nonlinear partial differential equations, governing the viscous fluid flow, are solved numerically using Crank–Nicolson scheme. The effect of important physical parameters such as volume fraction, magnetic strength, and porosity parameter are shown both graphically and in tabular form. It is found that due to the greatest thermal diffusivity for nanofluid [Formula: see text], comparatively the velocity increases more rapidly with the increasing value of volume fraction. Due to this effect, it is preferred to use nanofluid [Formula: see text] for transporta...

Research paper thumbnail of In vivo Antioxidant Potential of Raphanus sativus Seeds in Rat Kidney Against CCl4-Induced Toxicity

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 2019

In this study, the methanolic extract of Raphanus sativus (RSME) seeds was evaluated for its prot... more In this study, the methanolic extract of Raphanus sativus (RSME) seeds was evaluated for its protective effect against CCl 4-induced nephrotoxicity. The treatment of Swiss albino rats with intraperitoneal injections of CCl 4 (1 ml/kg body weight) on alternate days for 30 days decreased the antioxidant enzymes, while lipid peroxidation and serum toxicity markers were increased. These changes were reversed in the animals receiving an oral dose of RSME (100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) along with CCl 4 , thus increasing the level of antioxidant enzymes and decreasing serum toxicity markers and thus ameliorating the toxic effect of CCl 4. These results show that seed extract of R. sativus can reciprocate the toxic effects of CCl 4 and can be used to make a chemopreventive drug.

Research paper thumbnail of A Micropropagation, Molecular and Physiochemical Analysis of Canola Brassica napus L. From Seeds

Nature Precedings, 2010

Canola is important for its oil, anticarcinogenic phytochemicals and low saturated fat content an... more Canola is important for its oil, anticarcinogenic phytochemicals and low saturated fat content and has wide scope for further improvement through genetic transformations. Micropropagation is the practice of rapidly multiplying stock plant material to produce a large number of disease free progeny plants, using modern asceptic plant tissue culture methods and also to conserve germ plasm. A combination of auxin and cytikinin and a shock on growth regulator free medium is used for micropropagation. Molecular and physiochemical analysis done to know variation in seeds protein content and electric conductivity.

Research paper thumbnail of Urban Sprawl and its Impact on Soil and Plant Species in Peshawar, Pakistan

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 2019

The current paper aims to highlight: 1) Major problems due to urbanization, including land cuttin... more The current paper aims to highlight: 1) Major problems due to urbanization, including land cutting, erosion, overgrazing, biodiversity loss, and climate change. 2) The impact of grazing on plant community structure and ecosystem functioning. 3) Management and conservation of natural ecosystems in Sheikh Muhammdi Peshawar. For the current work, three different sites (Zones 1, 11, 111) were selected in the local area. The populations of the local area have increased very rapidly in the last 40 to 50 years. Anthropogenic activities associated with population and industrialization in the district, with vegetation clear for developing of towns and roads, has resulted in the substitution of vegetations with the dark color surface, the temperature of the environments much higher than before, leading to the phenomenon of the urban heat island effect. This urbanization and construction work at Amman plots Sheikh Muhammadi Peshawar is causing the extinction of vegetation and there would be no more wild vegetation in the near future in that particular area.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of salt stress on the biochemical characteristics of selected wheat varieties

Pure and Applied Biology, 2017

Salt stress is one of the vital stresses consequential in decrease the yield and component of var... more Salt stress is one of the vital stresses consequential in decrease the yield and component of various crops including wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Current practical was conducted to determine best variety of wheat (T. aestivum L.) for Charsadda under saline condition. The consequence caused by salt stress on the biochemical constituent (moisture, ash, crude fiber, crude fat, carbohydrates and protein) of five different varieties of wheat seeds grown under high artificial NaCl stress. During time period of sowing-harvesting different doses of NaCl were given to the plant. Result of approximate analysis showed reduction in moisture, ash, crude fiber and fat contents with increase in NaCl stress, while protein and carbohydrates contents increased with increase in salinity. On the base of percentage difference between control and 58g (higher concentration) Sahar and Siran varieties were less effected by NaCl stress in 4 out of 6 constituent even at 58g (higher concentration) as compare to the Ta-Habib , galaxy 2013 and Janbaz.

Research paper thumbnail of The Flexible Ends of CENP-A Nucleosome Are Required for Mitotic Fidelity

Molecular Cell, 2016

Highlights d CENP-A nucleosomal ends are highly flexible in solution d Dynamic CENP-A nucleosomal... more Highlights d CENP-A nucleosomal ends are highly flexible in solution d Dynamic CENP-A nucleosomal ends prevent H1 recruitment d Flexibility of DNA ends allows active kinetochore complex assembly d Open CENP-A nucleosomal structure is essential for its mitotic function

Research paper thumbnail of Characterization of wheat varieties by seed storage-protein electrophoresis

AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY

Wheat grains of thirteen varieties were collected from different ecological regions of Pakistan. ... more Wheat grains of thirteen varieties were collected from different ecological regions of Pakistan. The variability of seed storage-proteins was analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Electrophorogram for each variety were scored and Jaccard's similarity index (JSI) was calculated. Genetic diversity of wheat was evaluated by constructing the dendrogram for high molecular weight (HMW) and low molecular weight (LMW) gluten subunit bands. It is concluded that seed storage protein profiles could be useful markers in the studies of genetic diversity and classification of adapted cultivars, thereby improving the efficiency of wheat breeding programs in cultivar development especially in a developing country like Pakistan.

Research paper thumbnail of To assess the fresh water algal diversity in relation to water quality from river Panjkora, district Dir lower, Pakistan

Pure and Applied Biology, 2017

Thirty-five species belong to fresh water are taxonomically identified with the quality of water ... more Thirty-five species belong to fresh water are taxonomically identified with the quality of water bodies from the remote areas. The samples are collected from the river Panjkora different sites during February 2015 to August 2016. Algae are collected, identified and describe in the area for the first time and exploration of the local species are presented in this article. The total 35 species belongs to 16 Genera, 15 Families, 12 Orders, 9 classes and 5 Phylum's having phylum Chlorophyta includes 22 (63%) species, Charophyta 6(17%) species, Euglenophyta 4 (11%) Species, Ochrophyta 2 (6%) species and Rhodophyta 1 (3%) species. The most dominant are Genus Euglena 4 species (24%), Genera Ankistrodesmus, Microspora, Spirogyra and Ulothrix has 3 Species (17%), Genera Chaetophora, Chlamydomonas, Cladophora, Nitella, Oocystis, Stigeoclonium and Volvox has 2 species (12%), Asterococcus, Batrachospermum, Chlorochromonas, Synura, Zygogonium each has 1 species (6%).It is the first inclusive taxonomical study in river Panjokora and its surrounding area, the river Panjkora is rich of algal species further investigations were needed.

Research paper thumbnail of Taxonomic study of one generic and two new species record to the flora of Pakistan using multiple microscopic techniques

Microscopy Research and Technique, 2020

Maize (Zea mays L.) is the third most important cereal next to rice and wheat in the world as wel... more Maize (Zea mays L.) is the third most important cereal next to rice and wheat in the world as well in India, contributing about 20 per cent share of worlds total cereal production. It is known as "Queen of cereal" because of its high production potential and wider adoptability. Maize is affected by several biotic as well as abiotic stresses. Among, fungal diseases play an important role and causes major yield losses. Of late, post flowering stalk rotca used by Fusarium moniliforme as becoming major threat to maize cultivation. A Survey was carried out during kharif-2015,in order to study the incidence of post flowering stalk rot in major maize growing districts, viz., Chikkaballapura, Mysore, Ramanagar, Hassan, Chikkamagaluru, Davanagere, Shivamogga and Haveri districts. The results revealed that highest disease incidence was observed in Chikkaballapura (20.43%) followed by Hassan (15.45%) and Davanagere (13.04%). No disease was observed in Mysore and Ramanagar districts. The least disease incidence was recorded in Haveri (3.65%) district. The pathogen was isolated from the infected stem showing typical vascular discolouration symptoms by tissue segment method on potato dextrose agar medium (PDA). The pathogen was identified as Fusarium moniliforme on the basis of morphological characters.

Research paper thumbnail of WITHDRAWN: Quantitative analysis of medicinal plants consumption in the highest mountainous region of Bahrain valley northern, Pakistan

Acta Ecologica Sinica

The purpose of the current study was to provide information on traditional uses of medicinal plan... more The purpose of the current study was to provide information on traditional uses of medicinal plants used by the inhabitants of Bahrain valley, District Swat, Northern Pakistan. This is the first quantitative ethnobotanical survey from the locality. A total of 134 informants were interviewed through semi-structured interviews and group discussions. The data were analyzed through quantifiable tools, i.e., informant consensus factor (ICF), Relative frequency of citation (RFC), Fidelity level (FL), Direct Matrix Ranking (DMR) and Use value (UV) indices. A total of 72 medicinal plants from 45 families were studied. The largest numbers of medicinal plants were reported from family Asteraceae with 5 species. Highest (0.89) informant consensus factor was observed for gastrointestinal and lowest (0.54) as painkiller. Highest fidelity level (94.12%) was observed for Ajuga bracteosa and lowest (56.52%) for Plantago major. The Relative frequency of citation was observed high (0.43) for Valeriana jatamansi while lowest for Nerium oleander (0.04). For Direct Matrix Ranking Melia azedarach (24) got first rank lowest (10) by Vitex negundo. Leaves (31%) were mostly used as the part used for ethnomedicines. Mostly herbs (65%) were detected for the preparation of ethnomedicines. Decoction (28%) was mostly observed with oral (76%) as a route of administration. The inhabitants in Northern Pakistan use mostly ethnomedicines for primary health care. Plants with high ICF value should be subjected to comprehensive pharmacological and phytochemical studies for novel drug discovery.

Research paper thumbnail of Protective Effects of Aloe vera Gel Ethanolic Extract Against Streptozotocin-induced Hepato-pancreatic Toxicity in Female Albino Rats

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International, 2022

Aims: Organ toxicity results from the accumulation of toxic substances in the organs which ultima... more Aims: Organ toxicity results from the accumulation of toxic substances in the organs which ultimately culminates in failure of the organ. Allopathic medications are not very effective in organ protection. Hence, it is imperative that a natural and safer organoprotective agent should be found. Study Design: To assess the organoprotective effect of Aloe vera gel against STZ for renal, hepato and pancreatic toxicity in albino Wistar rats. Place and Duration of Study: Whole work had been completed at the Microbiology and Molecular biology labs of IMBB, The University of Lahore during 2019- 2020. Methodology: Organoprotective ability of different doses of ethanolic extracts of Aloe vera (A. vera) gel was evaluated against intraperitoneal induction of 55mg/kg Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced pancreatic, renal and hepatic toxicity in female albino Wistar rats by keeping metformin (100mg/kg) as a positive protective control. Results: Results revealed that 200 mg/kg ethanolic extracts of A. vera...

Research paper thumbnail of © 2009 Academic Journals

Comparative efficacy of doxycycline and flumequine against experimentally induced colibacillosis ... more Comparative efficacy of doxycycline and flumequine against experimentally induced colibacillosis in broiler chicks

Research paper thumbnail of Medicinal Uses of Chemical Extracts from Withania somnifera and Its Antimicrobial Activity: A Mini-Review

Withania somnifera is an important medicinal plant used in Pakistan from the old time by the herb... more Withania somnifera is an important medicinal plant used in Pakistan from the old time by the herbalists in making different medicines. The history of this plant comes from Unani and Ayurvedic system. Ethnopharmacological and chemical research on Withania somnifera proves that plant extracts have a wide range of applications. The Withania somnifera mostly utilized for its anti-inflammatory effect, anti-cancer, antibacterial, antifungal, cardiovascular effects and for various other activities as well. Its chemical constituents also showed an awesome antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Pesudomanas fluorescens, Bacillus stubtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Xanthomonas axonopodis and Puccinia malvacearum. Still, a well conducted biological research for several applications of this plant is required. The variability in chemistry of this plant seems important, so future studies and research on the pharmacological activities of these plant extracts should provide more chemical pr...

Research paper thumbnail of Pharmacological Activities and One Pot Two Step Synthesis of Novel ( E )-N-( 1-methyl-4-oxoimidazolidin-2-ylidene ) benzamide

The aim of the present work was to synthesize a compound from biological waste product i-e Creati... more The aim of the present work was to synthesize a compound from biological waste product i-e Creatinine and to develop an easy way of synthesis unlike the conventional methods which is time consuming and requires large amount of solvent along with great deal of efforts and to explore its pharmacological importance on scientific ground. The title compound showed highly significant analgesic activity in animal model at both parameters, In acetic acid induced writhing test the result were highly significant i-e 92.03% (P<0.001) while in hotplate method the compound showed 86.11% (P<0.001) activity at 30 mg/kg body weight against Diclofenac Sodium and Pentazocine used as standard respectively. For the toxicity study, the compound was orally administered to the Swiss albino mice according to the OECD guideline 423. There was no lethality or toxic symptoms observed for all the tested doses throughout the 14-day period.

Research paper thumbnail of Human coronaviruses with emphasis on the COVID-19 outbreak

VirusDisease, 2020

Human coronaviruses are known as respiratory pathogens mainly associated with a range of respirat... more Human coronaviruses are known as respiratory pathogens mainly associated with a range of respiratory diseases. In the past 18 years, the beginning of severe acute respiratory syndrome human coronavirus (SARS-HCoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and now the (COVID-19) have driven the HCoV into the platform of the scientific community due to their high pathogenicity in humans. Our study about the HCoV has contributed extensively to the understanding of HCoV pathogenesis its outbreak and precautionary measurements mainly COVID-19. By the 16-February 2020, total existing diagnosis cases of COVID-19, in china now numbered around 57,255, total cumulative diagnosis is about 68,592, total existing suspicion is about 8228, a total severe existing disease 11,272, the total cumulative cure is about 9671 with more than 1666 cumulative deaths have been reported. The purpose of the review is to summarize the present knowledge on the viral diversity, reservoir hosts, and geographical distributions of Human coronavirus (COVID-19) in China.

Research paper thumbnail of Optimization conditions for native microalgal strains grown on high ammonia-containing wastewater and their biomass utilization

Limnological Review, 2019

Excessive microalgal blooms can be caused by waste disposal into natural water bodies resulting i... more Excessive microalgal blooms can be caused by waste disposal into natural water bodies resulting in the destruction of aquatic life. However,, microalgae are also known to efficiently remediate pollutants. After the treatment of wastewater, microalgae absorb specific nutrients and can enhance the production of bioproducts. Growing microalgae as an alternative to wastewater treatment and bioproduct production has received considerable attention due to its rapid growth rate, efficient waste removal, tolerance to stress conditions and ability to accumulate valuable products. In addition, these microorganisms have a high photosynthetic rate of CO2 fixation, oxygen production and need no arable land for their cultivation. Nevertheless, in spite of these theoretical advantages, the issues surrounding the re-use of naturally existing microalgal strains need further exploration in respect to their isolation, identification and lab growth under stress conditions. The true potential of microal...

Research paper thumbnail of Isolating Soil-Born Fungi and Determining Their Phytotoxicty Against Weeds in Millet

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 2020

Studies on the isolation of soil-born fungi and their phytotoxicity against weeds and millet were... more Studies on the isolation of soil-born fungi and their phytotoxicity against weeds and millet were conducted in the Centre of Biotechnology and Microbiology at the University of Peshawar in 2015. For this purpose, soil from the three botanical gardens in Peshawar valley-the Botanical Garden of the Pakistan Forest Institute (PFI), the Islamia College Botanical Garden and the University of Peshawar Botanical Garden in Aza Khel-were collected and analyzed for the identification and isolation of different species of soil-born fungi. A total of seven species of fungi were isolated from the three botanical gardens, 5 species (Alternaria spp., Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium spp., and Rhizopus spp.) from the botanical garden of the Pakistan Forest Institute, 4 species (Fusarium spp., Cladosporium spp., Penicillium spp., and A. flavus) from Islamia College Botanical Garden and 3 species (A. flavus, Alternaria spp and A. niger) from the University of Peshawar botanical garden in Aza Khel. Among these, A. flavous was found in all three botanical gardens with higher frequency such as in PFI (90%), in Islamia College Botanical Garden (65%) and the University of Peshawar Botanical Garden in Aza Khel (50%). This species produces a large number of colonies such as in PFI (56), Islamia College (24) and in the University of Peshawar (7) colonies per petri dish. In the second part of the studies, crude extract of A. flavus was collected and tested on the seed mortality of five different weeds and millet. Those weeds were A. retroflexus, C. album, Sonchus arvensis, Galium aparine and Viola arvensis.

Research paper thumbnail of Numerical investigation of an unsteady nanofluid flow with magnetic and suction effects to the moving upper plate

Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 2020

The recent work provides the numerical investigation of an unsteady viscous nanofluid flow betwee... more The recent work provides the numerical investigation of an unsteady viscous nanofluid flow between two porous plates under the effect of variable magnetic field and suction/injection. Navier Stokes equations are modeled to study the hydrothermal properties of four different nanoparticles copper [Formula: see text], silver [Formula: see text], aluminum oxide [Formula: see text], and titanium oxide [Formula: see text]. The resultant nonlinear partial differential equations, governing the viscous fluid flow, are solved numerically using Crank–Nicolson scheme. The effect of important physical parameters such as volume fraction, magnetic strength, and porosity parameter are shown both graphically and in tabular form. It is found that due to the greatest thermal diffusivity for nanofluid [Formula: see text], comparatively the velocity increases more rapidly with the increasing value of volume fraction. Due to this effect, it is preferred to use nanofluid [Formula: see text] for transporta...

Research paper thumbnail of In vivo Antioxidant Potential of Raphanus sativus Seeds in Rat Kidney Against CCl4-Induced Toxicity

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 2019

In this study, the methanolic extract of Raphanus sativus (RSME) seeds was evaluated for its prot... more In this study, the methanolic extract of Raphanus sativus (RSME) seeds was evaluated for its protective effect against CCl 4-induced nephrotoxicity. The treatment of Swiss albino rats with intraperitoneal injections of CCl 4 (1 ml/kg body weight) on alternate days for 30 days decreased the antioxidant enzymes, while lipid peroxidation and serum toxicity markers were increased. These changes were reversed in the animals receiving an oral dose of RSME (100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) along with CCl 4 , thus increasing the level of antioxidant enzymes and decreasing serum toxicity markers and thus ameliorating the toxic effect of CCl 4. These results show that seed extract of R. sativus can reciprocate the toxic effects of CCl 4 and can be used to make a chemopreventive drug.

Research paper thumbnail of A Micropropagation, Molecular and Physiochemical Analysis of Canola Brassica napus L. From Seeds

Nature Precedings, 2010

Canola is important for its oil, anticarcinogenic phytochemicals and low saturated fat content an... more Canola is important for its oil, anticarcinogenic phytochemicals and low saturated fat content and has wide scope for further improvement through genetic transformations. Micropropagation is the practice of rapidly multiplying stock plant material to produce a large number of disease free progeny plants, using modern asceptic plant tissue culture methods and also to conserve germ plasm. A combination of auxin and cytikinin and a shock on growth regulator free medium is used for micropropagation. Molecular and physiochemical analysis done to know variation in seeds protein content and electric conductivity.

Research paper thumbnail of Urban Sprawl and its Impact on Soil and Plant Species in Peshawar, Pakistan

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 2019

The current paper aims to highlight: 1) Major problems due to urbanization, including land cuttin... more The current paper aims to highlight: 1) Major problems due to urbanization, including land cutting, erosion, overgrazing, biodiversity loss, and climate change. 2) The impact of grazing on plant community structure and ecosystem functioning. 3) Management and conservation of natural ecosystems in Sheikh Muhammdi Peshawar. For the current work, three different sites (Zones 1, 11, 111) were selected in the local area. The populations of the local area have increased very rapidly in the last 40 to 50 years. Anthropogenic activities associated with population and industrialization in the district, with vegetation clear for developing of towns and roads, has resulted in the substitution of vegetations with the dark color surface, the temperature of the environments much higher than before, leading to the phenomenon of the urban heat island effect. This urbanization and construction work at Amman plots Sheikh Muhammadi Peshawar is causing the extinction of vegetation and there would be no more wild vegetation in the near future in that particular area.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of salt stress on the biochemical characteristics of selected wheat varieties

Pure and Applied Biology, 2017

Salt stress is one of the vital stresses consequential in decrease the yield and component of var... more Salt stress is one of the vital stresses consequential in decrease the yield and component of various crops including wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Current practical was conducted to determine best variety of wheat (T. aestivum L.) for Charsadda under saline condition. The consequence caused by salt stress on the biochemical constituent (moisture, ash, crude fiber, crude fat, carbohydrates and protein) of five different varieties of wheat seeds grown under high artificial NaCl stress. During time period of sowing-harvesting different doses of NaCl were given to the plant. Result of approximate analysis showed reduction in moisture, ash, crude fiber and fat contents with increase in NaCl stress, while protein and carbohydrates contents increased with increase in salinity. On the base of percentage difference between control and 58g (higher concentration) Sahar and Siran varieties were less effected by NaCl stress in 4 out of 6 constituent even at 58g (higher concentration) as compare to the Ta-Habib , galaxy 2013 and Janbaz.

Research paper thumbnail of The Flexible Ends of CENP-A Nucleosome Are Required for Mitotic Fidelity

Molecular Cell, 2016

Highlights d CENP-A nucleosomal ends are highly flexible in solution d Dynamic CENP-A nucleosomal... more Highlights d CENP-A nucleosomal ends are highly flexible in solution d Dynamic CENP-A nucleosomal ends prevent H1 recruitment d Flexibility of DNA ends allows active kinetochore complex assembly d Open CENP-A nucleosomal structure is essential for its mitotic function

Research paper thumbnail of Characterization of wheat varieties by seed storage-protein electrophoresis

AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY

Wheat grains of thirteen varieties were collected from different ecological regions of Pakistan. ... more Wheat grains of thirteen varieties were collected from different ecological regions of Pakistan. The variability of seed storage-proteins was analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Electrophorogram for each variety were scored and Jaccard's similarity index (JSI) was calculated. Genetic diversity of wheat was evaluated by constructing the dendrogram for high molecular weight (HMW) and low molecular weight (LMW) gluten subunit bands. It is concluded that seed storage protein profiles could be useful markers in the studies of genetic diversity and classification of adapted cultivars, thereby improving the efficiency of wheat breeding programs in cultivar development especially in a developing country like Pakistan.

Research paper thumbnail of To assess the fresh water algal diversity in relation to water quality from river Panjkora, district Dir lower, Pakistan

Pure and Applied Biology, 2017

Thirty-five species belong to fresh water are taxonomically identified with the quality of water ... more Thirty-five species belong to fresh water are taxonomically identified with the quality of water bodies from the remote areas. The samples are collected from the river Panjkora different sites during February 2015 to August 2016. Algae are collected, identified and describe in the area for the first time and exploration of the local species are presented in this article. The total 35 species belongs to 16 Genera, 15 Families, 12 Orders, 9 classes and 5 Phylum's having phylum Chlorophyta includes 22 (63%) species, Charophyta 6(17%) species, Euglenophyta 4 (11%) Species, Ochrophyta 2 (6%) species and Rhodophyta 1 (3%) species. The most dominant are Genus Euglena 4 species (24%), Genera Ankistrodesmus, Microspora, Spirogyra and Ulothrix has 3 Species (17%), Genera Chaetophora, Chlamydomonas, Cladophora, Nitella, Oocystis, Stigeoclonium and Volvox has 2 species (12%), Asterococcus, Batrachospermum, Chlorochromonas, Synura, Zygogonium each has 1 species (6%).It is the first inclusive taxonomical study in river Panjokora and its surrounding area, the river Panjkora is rich of algal species further investigations were needed.

Research paper thumbnail of Taxonomic study of one generic and two new species record to the flora of Pakistan using multiple microscopic techniques

Microscopy Research and Technique, 2020

Maize (Zea mays L.) is the third most important cereal next to rice and wheat in the world as wel... more Maize (Zea mays L.) is the third most important cereal next to rice and wheat in the world as well in India, contributing about 20 per cent share of worlds total cereal production. It is known as "Queen of cereal" because of its high production potential and wider adoptability. Maize is affected by several biotic as well as abiotic stresses. Among, fungal diseases play an important role and causes major yield losses. Of late, post flowering stalk rotca used by Fusarium moniliforme as becoming major threat to maize cultivation. A Survey was carried out during kharif-2015,in order to study the incidence of post flowering stalk rot in major maize growing districts, viz., Chikkaballapura, Mysore, Ramanagar, Hassan, Chikkamagaluru, Davanagere, Shivamogga and Haveri districts. The results revealed that highest disease incidence was observed in Chikkaballapura (20.43%) followed by Hassan (15.45%) and Davanagere (13.04%). No disease was observed in Mysore and Ramanagar districts. The least disease incidence was recorded in Haveri (3.65%) district. The pathogen was isolated from the infected stem showing typical vascular discolouration symptoms by tissue segment method on potato dextrose agar medium (PDA). The pathogen was identified as Fusarium moniliforme on the basis of morphological characters.