Mulugeta Tesfa - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Mulugeta Tesfa

Background Glaucoma is one of the common eye disorders resulting from optic neuropathy which lead... more Background Glaucoma is one of the common eye disorders resulting from optic neuropathy which leads to irreversible blindness if left untreated. Poor adherence to glaucoma medical treatments leads to serious consequences such as progressive visual impairment and blindness. Despite its serious consequences, the level of glaucoma treatment adherence and associated factors have been poorly explored in Ethiopia particularly in the selected study areas. Hence, the objective of this study was to assess the level of adherence to treatment and associated factors among glaucoma patients attending at Debre Markos referral and Felege Hiwot comprehensive specialized Hospitals. Methods Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1st 2019 to April 30th 2019 among 414 consecutive glaucoma patients attending at ophthalmic units of Debre Markos Referral and Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized hospitals. Data about adherence to glaucoma treatment was collected by using Morisky Medication adherence scale-8. Each collected data were coded and entered into Epi-Data version 4.2 and analysis was done using STATA version 14.0 statistical software. Descriptive analysis was done and binary logistic regression model was fitted to

JRSM cardiovascular disease, 2019

Introduction: Hypertension is a global challenge which accounts for high morbidity and mortality ... more Introduction: Hypertension is a global challenge which accounts for high morbidity and mortality rates in the world. The availability of effective anti-hypertensive medications does not result in a good outcome in controlling blood pressure which points towards poor adherence. Thus, this study was conducted to assess the determinants of adherence to anti-hypertensive medication among hypertensive patients on follow-up in Hawassa Referral Hospital. Methods: Institution-based case-control study was conducted on a sample of 289 clients from February to May 2018. Census was conducted on 1600 clients to select cases and controls. Then, systematic random sampling was used to select study subjects, and adherence was measured by Morisky medication adherence scale. The associations of variables were analyzed using bivariable followed by multivariable logistic regression analyses. Results: The respondent's adherence to medication was found to be 67% as measured by Morisky medication adherence scale. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that medication adherence was found to be better in younger age (<45) (AOR ¼ 3.8), clients living in urban areas (AOR ¼ 6.84), those clients who had good knowledge (AOR ¼ 3.13), those with no co-morbidities (AOR ¼ 3.14) and patients who controlled their blood pressure (<140/90) (AOR ¼ 2.35). Conclusions: The rate of medication adherence was found to be low, and hence educational interventions focusing on factors promoting adherence and patients' health support should be implemented.

BMC Research Notes, Jul 18, 2019

Objectives: To identify the determinants of long-acting contraceptive utilization among married w... more Objectives: To identify the determinants of long-acting contraceptive utilization among married women of reproductive age in Aneded district, northwestern Ethiopia. Unmatched case control study was conducted from May 1, 2018 to June 30, 2018. One hundred forty-five households with married reproductive age women who have used long-acting family planning for more than a year (cases) and 290 households with married reproductive age women who have never used long-acting family planning (controls) were selected by systematic random sampling in each kebele (the smallest administrative units of Ethiopia). Result: In this study, 145 cases and 290 controls participated. Independent positive predictors of utilization of longacting family planning among married women reproductive age were: primary education level [AOR = 6.99, 95% CI 3.7-13.7], first discussion with providers [AOR = 2.64, 95% CI 1.6-4.5], told what to do if they experience the side effect [AOR = 3.2, 95% CI 1.7-5.9], know the source of long-acting family planning methods [AOR = 3.4, 95% CI 2.01-5.82] and discussion with health professionals [AOR = 2.07, 95% CI 1.2-3.5]. Encouraging women education at least at primary level and advocating the minimal side effect of long-acting contraceptive are recommended to improve long-acting family planning utilization.

Research Square (Research Square), Sep 29, 2022

BMC Infectious Diseases, Dec 1, 2019

Background: In 2018 in Ethiopia, magnitude of human immunodeficiency virus Acquired Immunodeficie... more Background: In 2018 in Ethiopia, magnitude of human immunodeficiency virus Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome treatment failure was 15.9% and currently the number of patient receiving second line antiretroviral therapy (ART) is more increasing than those taking first line ART. Little is known about the predictors of treatment failure in the study area. Therefore; more factors that can be risk for first line ART failure have to identified to make the patients stay on first line ART for long times. Consequently, the aim of this study was to identify determinants of first line ART treatment failure among patients on ART at St. Luke referral hospital and Tulubolo General Hospital, 2019. Methods: A 1:2 unmatched case-control study was conducted among adult patients on active follow up. One new group variables was formed as group 1 for cases and group 0 for controls and then data was entered in to Epi data version 3 and exported to STATA SE version 14 for analysis. From binary logistic regression variables with p value ≤0.25 were a candidate for multiple logistic regression. At the end variables with a p-value ≤0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Result: A total of 350 (117 cases and 233 controls) patients were participated in the study. Starting ART after 2 years of being confirmed HIV positive (AOR = 3.82 95% CI 1.37,10.6), nevirapine (NVP) based initial ART (AOR = 2.77,95%CI 1.22,6.28) having history of lost to follow up (AOR 3.66,95%CI 1.44,9.27) and base line opportunistic infection (AOR = 1.97,95%CI 1.06,3.63), staying on first line ART for greater than 5 years (AOR = 3.42,95%CI 1.63,7.19) and CD4 less than100cell/ul (AOR = 2.72,95%CI 1.46,5.07) were independent determinants of first line ART treatment failure. Conclusion: Lost to follow up, staying on first line ART for greater than 5 years, presence of opportunistic infections, NVP based NNRT, late initiation of ART are determinant factors for first line ART treatment failure. The concerned bodies have to focus and act on those identified factors to maintain the patient on first line ART.

Research Square (Research Square), Dec 28, 2020

Background: Neonatal intensive care settings are important to save the lives of sick neonates; ho... more Background: Neonatal intensive care settings are important to save the lives of sick neonates; however, parents are challenged by many stressful conditions during their stay outside the rooms of intensive care units. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the lived experiences of parents in a neonatal intensive care unit at Felege

BMC Women's Health, Aug 14, 2020

Background: Female genital mutilation is defined as all procedures that involve partial or total ... more Background: Female genital mutilation is defined as all procedures that involve partial or total removal of external female genitalia, or other injuries to the female genital organs for cultural and religious purposes. In Ethiopia, the prevalence of female genital mutilation practice was 70.8% according to Ethiopian demographic and health survey 2016. This practice is against females' reproductive health rights with many serious consequences in physical, mental, social and psychological makeup. Therefore, this study aimed to assess knowledge, attitude, practice, and predictors of female genital mutilation in Degadamot district. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted. Three hundred twenty-five mothers who had under 5 years old female children were selected using systematic random sampling from seven kebeles of Degadamot district. Data were collected using an adapted semi-structured face to face interview questionnaire. Data were entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and then exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Logistic regression analysis with 95% confidence intervals was carried out to determine the associations between predictor variables and outcome variables. Result: The finding of this study revealed that 56.6% of mothers had good knowledge about female genital mutilation and 54.2% of participants had a favorable attitude about female genital mutilation. 70.8% of under 5 years old female children's had female genital mutilation. Marital status AOR = 7.19(95%CI3.22-16.03), monthly income AOR = 1.97(95% CI 0.26-3.81), custom AOR = 2.13(95% CI 1.20-3.78), belief AOR =2.47(95% CI 1.39-4.39), value AOR = 0.37(95% CI 0.22-0.63), and attitude AOR = 24.4(95% CI 20.01-34.76) towards female genital mutilation had significant association with female genital mutilation practice. Conclusion: Prevalence of FGM practices among female children of under 5 years of age was found to be high as compared to the national level (64%). 56.6% of mothers had good knowledge about FGM. The majority of the women had a favorable attitude to keep FGM practice among their under 5 years old daughters. Marital status, monthly income, custom, belief, value, and attitude had a significant association with FGM practice.

Frontiers in Ophthalmology

ObjectiveGlaucoma is one of the common eye disorders resulting from optic neuropathy, which leads... more ObjectiveGlaucoma is one of the common eye disorders resulting from optic neuropathy, which leads to irreversible blindness if left untreated. Poor adherence to glaucoma medical treatments typically leads to some serious consequences, such as progressive visual impairment and blindness. The aim of this study was to assess adherence to treatment and associated factors among patients with glaucoma attending at Northwest Ethiopia referral hospitals.MethodFrom March 1st to April 30th, 2019, an institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 382 consecutive glaucoma patients attending at Northwest Ethiopia referral hospitals. Data about adherence to glaucoma treatment was collected by using a standardized tool, the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8, through an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Each collected data set was coded and entered into Epi-Data version 4.2, and analysis was done by using STATA version 14.0 statistical software. A logistic regression model was fi...

Frontiers in global women's health, Jan 4, 2023

Conclusions: Maternity waiting home showed a significant positive effect on birth outcomes. Mothe... more Conclusions: Maternity waiting home showed a significant positive effect on birth outcomes. Mothers who stayed in the maternity waiting homes had low adverse maternal and perinatal birth outcomes compared to non-users. Accommodations and quality health care services were the challenges mothers faced during their stay in the maternity waiting homes. Therefore, all concerned bodies should give attention accordingly to maternity waiting home services to reduce adverse birth outcomes through the strengthening of the quality of health care provided.

Background: Understanding predictors of duration of oxygen requirement helps to identify risk gro... more Background: Understanding predictors of duration of oxygen requirement helps to identify risk groups for prolonged need of oxygen therapy and ensure timely treatment. However, not adequately studied including important predictors at admission such as baseline vital signs, laboratory biomarkers and treatments. Therefore, aim of this study was to assess time to discontinuation of supplemental oxygen therapy and its predictors among severe COVID-19 adult patients admitted at Eka Kotebe General Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2022. Methods: A facility based retrospective follow-up study was conducted among severe COVID-19 adult patients received supplemental oxygen therapy admitted at Eka Kotebe General Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from 13th March 2020 to 6th April 2022. Data were collected using structured data extraction checklist. Then coded and entered into EPI-data 3.1 cleaned and exported to StataSE 14 and recoded for analysis. Frequencies and percentage, median and interquart...

Scientific Reports, 2022

Antiretroviral therapy lowers viral load only when people living with HIV maintain their treatmen... more Antiretroviral therapy lowers viral load only when people living with HIV maintain their treatment retention. Lost to follow-up is the persistent major challenge to the success of ART program in low-resource settings including Ethiopia. The purpose of this study is to estimate time to lost to follow-up and its predictors in antiretroviral therapies amongst adult patients. Among registered HIV patients, 542 samples were included. Data cleaning and analysis were done using Stata/SE version 14 software. In multivariable Cox regression, a p-value

A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES OF ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF PUBLIC H... more A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES OF ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER IN PUBLIC HEALTH

Background Glaucoma is one of the common eye disorders resulting from optic neuropathy which lead... more Background Glaucoma is one of the common eye disorders resulting from optic neuropathy which leads to irreversible blindness if left untreated. Poor adherence to glaucoma medical treatments leads to serious consequences such as progressive visual impairment and blindness. Despite its serious consequences, the level of glaucoma treatment adherence and associated factors have been poorly explored in Ethiopia particularly in the selected study areas. Hence, the objective of this study was to assess the level of adherence to treatment and associated factors among glaucoma patients attending at Debre Markos referral and Felege Hiwot comprehensive specialized Hospitals.Methods Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1st 2019 to April 30th 2019 among 414 consecutive glaucoma patients attending at ophthalmic units of Debre Markos Referral and Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized hospitals. Data about adherence to glaucoma treatment was collected by using Morisky M...

Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences, 2015

Background: Breastfeeding is an important public health strategy for improving infant and child m... more Background: Breastfeeding is an important public health strategy for improving infant and child morbidity and mortality. It plays a great role in preventing morbidity and mortality in first six months. It is one of the six targets in global nutrition set to increase it practice by 50% by 2025. Despite its great benefits, the prevalence in Ethiopia is only 52% with limited information on associated factors. Objective: To assess exclusive breastfeeding practices and associated factors in Debre Markos town and Gozamen district, East Gojjam Zone, North West Ethiopia, 2015. Methods: A community-based crosssectional study was conducted in May 2015. A total of 483 mothers were randomly selected. Semi-structured and pretested questionnaires were administered to collect data. One day training was given for data collectors and supervisors. The collected data was entered in to Epidata version 3.1, cleaned and transported to SPSS windows version 16.0 then analyzed. The crude and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) together with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals was computed. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was computed to identify factors associated EBF. A P-value<0.05 was considered to declare a result as statistically significant in this study. Results: The prevalence of exclusive breast-feeding was 89(55%) and 207(64%) in Debre Markos town and Gozamen district respectively. In Debre Markos town, being unemployed (AOR=2.77, 95%CI= [1.13, 6.74]), and counseling on EBF during Antenatal care (ANC) (AOR=4.02, 95%CI= [1.65, 9.78]), were significantly associated. Whereas in Gozamen district, mothers age15-35 (AOR=2.55, 95%CI= (1.27, 5.1]), counseling on EBF during ANC (AOR=5.7, 95%CI= [2.62, 12.3]), and colostrums feeding (AOR= 2.24 95%CI= (1.28, 3.9]) were significantly associated. Conclusions: The prevalence exclusive breast-feeding in both areas was lower than the target set by Ethiopia ministry of health at the end of 2015, (70%). Unemployment, getting counseling during ANC was significant factors in Debre Markos town whereas maternal ages, getting counseling during ANC, and early initiation of breastfeeding were significant factors in Gozamen district. Giving emphasis to promoting the EBF should be given and strengthen ANC counseling.

BMC Research Notes, 2014

Background: The estimated HIV prevalence among pregnant women in Ethiopia is 1.2 percent and unfo... more Background: The estimated HIV prevalence among pregnant women in Ethiopia is 1.2 percent and unfortunately one of every 3 children born to these women gets infected with HIV. Elimination of these mother-to-child transmissions (MTCT) of HIV is possible through HIV testing during pregnancy and taking antiretroviral medications. However, only 24 percent of the pregnant women living with HIV have yet received the medication needed to prevent the transmission of HIV. Hence, there exists a concern that the rate of HIV infection among infants born to HIV positive mothers is increasing. This study assessed the prevalence of HIV infection and associated factors among infants born to women living with HIV, in South Gondar zone, Amhara region, Ethiopia. Methods: Facility based document review was conducted upon 434 charts. The study participants were HIV exposed infants enrolled from January to December 2012. The data were reviewed from all the 17 health facilities which were providing PMTCT services in the zone. The study included 434 HIV exposed infants having an HIV Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test result. The data were collected using structured data extraction tool. Binary logistic regression analysis was employed to assess the putative association of independent variables with the outcome variable. Significance was taken at a P value <0.05 and 95% confidence level. Result: The prevalence of HIV among HIV exposed infants was 10.1% (95% CI = 7.3-13%). Delayed diagnosis (AOR = 2.7, 95% CI = 1.3, 29.4), mixed infant feeding (AOR = 8.8, 95% CI = 4.5, 22.8), failure to receive either antiretroviral therapy or prophylaxis during pregnancy or breast feeding (AOR = 21.6, 95% CI = 14.5, 39.8) and shorter duration of HIV treatment (AOR = 12, 95% CI = (4.2, 45.0) were the factors that increase the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Conclusion: The prevalence of HIV infection among HIV exposed infants is strikingly high. Inadequate use of antiretroviral therapy and skilled delivery care were the factors that enhance mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Integrated and audience specific education and promotion for seeking obstetric care and HIV services is instrumental to curb the devastating consequences of HIV on pregnant women and their newborns

International Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2014

Background: An estimated 1.2 percent of pregnant women are living with HIV in Ethiopia and sadly,... more Background: An estimated 1.2 percent of pregnant women are living with HIV in Ethiopia and sadly, one of every 3 children born to these women is infected with HIV. Elimination of these mother-to-child transmissions (MTCT) of HIV is possible through HIV testing during pregnancy and taking antiretroviral medications. However, only 24 percent of pregnant women living with HIV have yet received the medication needed to prevent MTCT of HIV in Amhara region, Ethiopia. Hence, there exists a concern that the rate of HIV infection among infants born to HIV positive mothers might be high. This study assessed the prevalence of HIV infection and associated factors among infants born to women living with HIV. Methods: All eligible records of HIV-exposed infants enrolled between January and December 2012 were reviewed from 17 health facilities which were providing PMTCT services. The study included 434 HIV-exposed infants having HIV DNA/PCR test result. Data were collected using structured data extraction formats. Data were then entered into EPI INFO Version 3.5.1 and analyzed by SPSS Version 16.0. Both bivariate and multivariate analyses were carried out to calculate odds ratios and to control for the effect of confounding. Result: The prevalence of HIV among exposed infants was 10.1%. Delay in HIV diagnosis (AOR = 1.3), mixed infant feeding (AOR = 8.8), failure to receive antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy or breast feeding (AOR = 21.6), failure to attend skilled delivery service (AOR = 6.1) and shorter duration of HIV treatment (AOR = 12) were the factors that increase the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in this study. Conclusion: The prevalence of HIV among infants born to HIV positive women in the region is close to the national estimate of 10.9%. Delayed HIV diagnosis, * Corresponding author. Z. Berhan et al. 465 inadequate use of antiretroviral therapy and lack of skilled delivery care were the factors that enhance mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Having such a significant figure in the era of the world's pledge to eliminate MTCT of HIV is unbearable. Ensuring access and use of integrated PMTCT services should be the top priorities of the national PMTCT program.

BMC Research Notes, 2019

Objective: To assess determinants of chronic energy deficiency in adults living with HIV in Shebe... more Objective: To assess determinants of chronic energy deficiency in adults living with HIV in Shebel Berenta District Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) site health centers, East Gojjam, Amhara region, Ethiopia, 2017. An institutional based unmatched case control study design was employed and simple random sampling was used to select the desired sample size for both cases and controls. Data were entered to Epi-Data 3.1, exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Binary logistic regression was used to identify the determinants of chronic energy malnutrition among Human Immune Deficiency Virus positive adult patients. Results: A total of 473 (118 cases and 355 controls) People Living with Human Immune Deficiency Virus (PLHIV) adult patients were participated. PLHIV who started ART at world health organization (WHO) clinical stage I (AOR: 0.285, CI 0.10, 0.81), rural residents (AOR: 0.38, CI 0.17, 0.83), had family size ≤ 3 (AOR: 0.114, CI 0.03, 0.48) and changed their feeding style (AOR: 0.075, CI 0.038, 0.150) decreased the risk of chronic energy deficiency. However, the baseline CD4 cell < 200/mm 3 (AOR: 13.398; CI 4.83, 37.19), monthly family income ≤ 500 Ethiopia Birr (AOR: 6.9, CI 1.07, 44.62) and interrupted treatment (AOR: 2.28, CI 1.02, 5.09) were increasing the risk of chronic energy deficiency. Therefore; the government and partners should focus on the above determinants to improve the nutritional status of the clients.

BMC Research Notes, 2019

JRSM cardiovascular disease, 2019

BMC Research Notes, Jul 18, 2019

Research Square (Research Square), Sep 29, 2022

BMC Infectious Diseases, Dec 1, 2019

Research Square (Research Square), Dec 28, 2020

BMC Women's Health, Aug 14, 2020

Frontiers in Ophthalmology

Frontiers in global women's health, Jan 4, 2023

Scientific Reports, 2022

Background Glaucoma is one of the common eye disorders resulting from optic neuropathy which lead... more Background Glaucoma is one of the common eye disorders resulting from optic neuropathy which leads to irreversible blindness if left untreated. Poor adherence to glaucoma medical treatments leads to serious consequences such as progressive visual impairment and blindness. Despite its serious consequences, the level of glaucoma treatment adherence and associated factors have been poorly explored in Ethiopia particularly in the selected study areas. Hence, the objective of this study was to assess the level of adherence to treatment and associated factors among glaucoma patients attending at Debre Markos referral and Felege Hiwot comprehensive specialized Hospitals.Methods Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1st 2019 to April 30th 2019 among 414 consecutive glaucoma patients attending at ophthalmic units of Debre Markos Referral and Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized hospitals. Data about adherence to glaucoma treatment was collected by using Morisky M...

Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences, 2015

BMC Research Notes, 2014

International Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2014

BMC Research Notes, 2019