Murniati Murniati - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Murniati Murniati

Forests, 2022

Agroforestry is a win–win solution in terms of restoring forest function while benefiting the loc... more Agroforestry is a win–win solution in terms of restoring forest function while benefiting the local community. This research aimed to (1) understand the regulations concerning protected area management and the restoration strategies adopted based on the history of forest degradation in the area, (2) investigate the factors driving local people to adopt agroforestry systems in the area, and (3) investigate the characteristics of the agroforestry system developed and its impacts based on farmers’ perceptions. This research was performed in Wan Abdul Rachman Grand Forest Park, Lampung Province, Indonesia, and involved interviewing 59 respondents who managed 63 agroforestry plots in the area. Several schemes had been implemented to restore the degraded forest without involving the community, and the results were unsatisfactory. Changing the regulations concerning managing conservation forests to involve the community and providing legal permits and support from the management improved f...

Jurnal Penelitian Hutan Tanaman, 2017

Most of the establishment of community forests fail due to lack of understanding about the charac... more Most of the establishment of community forests fail due to lack of understanding about the characteristics of farmers. Effort to conserve cempaka (Michelia champaca L.) could be done through development of cempaka private forest. This research aimed to study correlation between internal characteristics of farmers (knowledge, attitude and behavior) with growth performance of cempaka on a private forest demonstration plot. Cempaka private forest was established in two phases (2012 and 2013), involved 36 farmers. Data was collected by structured interview with farmers and measurement of cempaka growth. Data were analyzed using Pearson Correlation Test. The result showed that there was a significant correlation between internal characteristics of farmers with growth performance of cempaka. Positive correlation was shown between attitude and behavior with the successfull of cempaka growth. The strongest correlation was shown by behavioral characteristic, as high growth performance of cempaka was strongly influenced by farmer's activity in plant maintenance. Distinctive farmer characteristics require different approaches farmers empowerment. Training in cultivation technique and economical aspect of cempaka should be provided to farmer with characeristics: good knowledge, good attitude, fair behavior. In contrary, land optimalization and strengthening farmers' institution to anticipate larger timber market should be conducted to farmer with characteristics: poor knowledge, good attitude, good behavior. This results could be applied for farmer empowerment at Ginanjar Village in the future.

Jurnal Penelitian Sosial dan Ekonomi Kehutanan, 2020

Jurnal Penelitian Hutan Tanaman, 2019

Ex-situ conservation is highly beneficial in protecting biodiversity, especially to save certain ... more Ex-situ conservation is highly beneficial in protecting biodiversity, especially to save certain species from extinction. Cempaka (Michelia champaca Linn.) is a tree species that is getting rare as its natural population at some areas were difficult to be discovered. Cempaka tree produces not only wood, but also flowers that can be used for perfumery raw materials and essential oils. Therefore, cempaka species needs to be conserved, either through in-situ or ex-situ method. In order to support ex-situ conservation, a plot of cempaka was established in 2011 at Pasir Hantap Research Forest, Sukabumi District-West Java. The genetic materials were collected from four populations, consisted of 42 mother trees divided by Lahat population (9 mother trees), Empat Lawang population (6 mother trees), Malang population (13 mother trees), and Pasuruan population (14 mother trees). Sub plots were designed based on the seedlings origin (population) and distance among sub plots were ≥ 50 m to avoid cross pollination among populations. The plots were maintained regularly, including weeding, fertilizing, and pest control. Growth observation of cempaka plants was conducted every six months up to 36 months old and then every one year afterwards. The observation consists of survival rate, height and diameter of cempaka stems. Average survival of cempaka plants at 48 moths old was 82.4%, the highest survival was found at Lahat population (94.8%). The highest height and diameter were found at Lahat population as well, i.e. 7.35 m and 13.1 cm, respectively. The lowest survival rate was found at Malang population (64.0%), meanwhile the lowest height and diameter growth were found at Pasuruan provenance, i.e. 2.99 m and 3.9 cm, respectively. It can be concluded that the highest growth, meaning its best performance of cempaka plants was shown by Lahat provenance. It implies that characteristics of mother trees and the seed quality gave a significant effect to the cempaka plant growth.

Jurnal Penelitian Hutan dan Konservasi Alam, 2018

Jalawure (Tacca leontopetaloides Kunz.) is a potential plant as an alternative food source in coa... more Jalawure (Tacca leontopetaloides Kunz.) is a potential plant as an alternative food source in coastal areas. Community in Garut Regency harvests jalawure tuber directly from nature, however natural habitat of jalawure has been seriously affected by land use change. Therefore, it is necessary to conserve and cultivate the plant. This study aims to identify distribution, abundance and habitat characteristics of jalawure in Garut Regency. The study was conducted during 2016 in Cikelet and Pameungpeuk Sub-District. The research method used is vegetation analysis and the site survey. The result showed that jalawure in Garut Regency spread in some beaches of South Garut up to 20 m asl with the distribution pattern is in groups. The largest natural distribution of jalawure was found at Sayang Heulang Beach (29,000 individuals/ha) and Cigadog Beach (12,500 individual/ha) and it dominated the lower plants with Important Value Index of 68.27-96.69 %. Jalawure grows well under shade of Pandanus tectorius up to 80% of coverage; however it also can grow on open area. The plants were found grow naturally on soils with texture of sand (91.33-97.98 %), slightly alkaline (pH 7.73-8.02) with very low (0.81 me/100 g) to low (10.39 me/100 g) Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC).

Jurnal Penelitian Hutan dan Konservasi Alam, 2010

The distribution of nutrients, water and light is influenced mainly by the characteristics of the... more The distribution of nutrients, water and light is influenced mainly by the characteristics of the tree species as components in an agroforestry system, particularly crown shape and root distribution. This study aimed to describe tree architecture and roots distribution as well as to estimate biomass of four tree species (mahogany/Swietenia macrophylla King, sungkai/Peronema canescens Jack, candle nut/Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd., and bread fruit/Artocarpus altilis Fosberg) as components in an agroforestry system established on alang-alang grassland. The architectural characteristics and dynamics of such four tree species were described to determine architectural model of the tree. Tree roots were exposed, observed, and measured to identify their distribution. Branches characteristics and other data were used as input data of the Functional Branching Analysis (FBA) software to estimate the tree biomass. Mahogany and sungkai had crowns architecture and roots distribution apt to support the establishment of an agroforestry system, because they allowed to distribute resources among trees and crops in more balance. Candle nut, however, was more appropriate to reduce alang-alang grass by shading with its wide and dense hemispherical crown. This tree species dominates the root zone by forming many and big lateral and superficial roots which will cause unbalanced resources distribution. Timber and multipurpose tree species had different growth rates and growth rhythms of their above-ground parts. During early establishment, timber tree species had a lower above-ground biomass than multipurpose tree species. Functional Branching Analysis (FBA) software was able to estimate above ground biomass of mahogany and sungkai with an average standard deviation of 1 ± 0.34. This software should be improved in order to accommodate biomass more precisely in the case of trees with different temperaments and particularly, with early and profuse reiteration.

Jurnal Penelitian Hutan dan Konservasi Alam, 2014

PENGELOLAAN DAN KONSERVASI JENIS ULIN (Eusideroxylon zwageri Teijsm. & Binn.) DI INDONESIA (Manag... more PENGELOLAAN DAN KONSERVASI JENIS ULIN (Eusideroxylon zwageri Teijsm. & Binn.) DI INDONESIA (Management and Conservation of Ulin (Eusideroxylon zwageri Teijsm. & Binn.

Jurnal Penelitian Hutan dan Konservasi Alam, 2012

Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research, 2007

Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research, 2009

The forest of Gunung Lumut in Pasir District, East Kalimantan was designated for a protection for... more The forest of Gunung Lumut in Pasir District, East Kalimantan was designated for a protection forest in 1983. It is surrounded by 15 villages and one settlement lies inside it. Communities in those villages are dependent upon the landscape and forest resources mainly for non timber forest products. This study was focused on the perception of the communities on the importance of the landscape and forests. The study was conducted in two settlements, located in and outside (near) the protection forest, namely Rantau Layung Village and Mului Sub-Village. Data collection was undertaken through general fi eld observations, keyinformant personal interviews and focus group discussions. In Rantau Layung, the most important land type was rice fi eld, whereas in Mului was forest. There were 13 and 14 use categories of landscape resources in Rantau Layung and Mului, respectively, such as food, medicine, constructions and source of income. People in Rantau Layung and Mului ranked plants to be more important than animals. People also considered products from wild resources to be more important than those from cultivated and purchased sources. Communities living in both settlements considered the future uses of forests to be the most important as compared to those of the present and past. They suggested that sungkai (Peronema canescens) and telien (Eusideroxylon zwageri) to be the most important plants while payau (Cervus unicolor) and telaus (Muntiacus muntjak) to be the most important animals. People used the wildlife mainly for food and source of income. They also identifi ed important and potential resources for economic development in the area, i.e. ecotourism and hydropower for electric generator.

Keywords:</strong> Ecosystem, Agroforestry, Imperata cylindrica , pioneer, mycorrhizae, int... more Keywords:</strong> Ecosystem, Agroforestry, Imperata cylindrica , pioneer, mycorrhizae, inter-cropping, tree architecture, biomass, functional branching analysisConversion of an Imperata cylindrica ecosystem into an agroforestry ecosystem is a complex process. Integrated control of the I . cylindrica grass is needed in combination with planting deep-rooted pioneer tree species, a legume cover crop and annual food crops. I . cylindrica grasslands are generally

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, Jul 1, 2018

Zero burning during peatland preparation should be implemented to prevent disturbance of its natu... more Zero burning during peatland preparation should be implemented to prevent disturbance of its natural biodiversity as well as to minimize the triggering factors of forest fire incidents in Indonesia. The objective of the research is to study method and cost of peatland preparation, alternative incentive schemes to be applied in order to facilitate zero burning farming as well as to identify potential stakeholders involved in the implementation of the incentive. The research was done in Siak District, Riau Province during May to December 2016 through field observation and interview. Two groups of respondents interviewed in the research, i.e., peatland farmers (40 respondents) and officials of related institutions (32 respondents), who were selected through purposive sampling method. The results showed there were three methods of peatland preparation at the research sites practiced by the farmers: (i) Under control burning, (ii) Zero burning, manually and (iii) Zero burning, mechanically. Actual cost of zero burning is significantly higher or more than two times than that of under control burning method. Therefore, there is a need to provide the smallholders peatland farmers with an incentive scheme to support zero burning practice. Margin of cost between zero burning (manually) and under control burning of peatland preparation methods is recommended to be used as standard for incentive. The incentive should be in the form of compulsory programs and applied gradually to assure zero burning peatland preparation widely implemented. Potential stakeholders involved and their commitment to implement the incentive scheme should be encouraged.

Forests, 2022

Agroforestry is a win-win solution in terms of restoring forest function while benefiting the loc... more Agroforestry is a win-win solution in terms of restoring forest function while benefiting the local community. This research aimed to (1) understand the regulations concerning protected area management and the restoration strategies adopted based on the history of forest degradation in the area, (2) investigate the factors driving local people to adopt agroforestry systems in the area, and (3) investigate the characteristics of the agroforestry system developed and its impacts based on farmers' perceptions. This research was performed in Wan Abdul Rachman Grand Forest Park, Lampung Province, Indonesia, and involved interviewing 59 respondents who managed 63 agroforestry plots in the area. Several schemes had been implemented to restore the degraded forest without involving the community, and the results were unsatisfactory. Changing the regulations concerning managing conservation forests to involve the community and providing legal permits and support from the management improved forest function due to community willingness to implement the agroforestry system. About 81% of observed plots consisted of 5-12 plant species, and 16% of plots consisted of 13-16 species per plot. Theobroma cacao was the most common species in the agroforestry plots, followed by Durio zibethinus, Parkia speciosa, and Aleurites moluccana. The size of the agroforestry plot affected the number of species in the plot. The community perception demonstrated that agroforestry has positive impacts on livelihood, the environment, and biodiversity at the landscape level.

Forests, 2022

Agroforestry is a win–win solution in terms of restoring forest function while benefiting the loc... more Agroforestry is a win–win solution in terms of restoring forest function while benefiting the local community. This research aimed to (1) understand the regulations concerning protected area management and the restoration strategies adopted based on the history of forest degradation in the area, (2) investigate the factors driving local people to adopt agroforestry systems in the area, and (3) investigate the characteristics of the agroforestry system developed and its impacts based on farmers’ perceptions. This research was performed in Wan Abdul Rachman Grand Forest Park, Lampung Province, Indonesia, and involved interviewing 59 respondents who managed 63 agroforestry plots in the area. Several schemes had been implemented to restore the degraded forest without involving the community, and the results were unsatisfactory. Changing the regulations concerning managing conservation forests to involve the community and providing legal permits and support from the management improved f...

Jurnal Penelitian Hutan Tanaman, 2017

Most of the establishment of community forests fail due to lack of understanding about the charac... more Most of the establishment of community forests fail due to lack of understanding about the characteristics of farmers. Effort to conserve cempaka (Michelia champaca L.) could be done through development of cempaka private forest. This research aimed to study correlation between internal characteristics of farmers (knowledge, attitude and behavior) with growth performance of cempaka on a private forest demonstration plot. Cempaka private forest was established in two phases (2012 and 2013), involved 36 farmers. Data was collected by structured interview with farmers and measurement of cempaka growth. Data were analyzed using Pearson Correlation Test. The result showed that there was a significant correlation between internal characteristics of farmers with growth performance of cempaka. Positive correlation was shown between attitude and behavior with the successfull of cempaka growth. The strongest correlation was shown by behavioral characteristic, as high growth performance of cempaka was strongly influenced by farmer's activity in plant maintenance. Distinctive farmer characteristics require different approaches farmers empowerment. Training in cultivation technique and economical aspect of cempaka should be provided to farmer with characeristics: good knowledge, good attitude, fair behavior. In contrary, land optimalization and strengthening farmers' institution to anticipate larger timber market should be conducted to farmer with characteristics: poor knowledge, good attitude, good behavior. This results could be applied for farmer empowerment at Ginanjar Village in the future.

Jurnal Penelitian Sosial dan Ekonomi Kehutanan, 2020

Jurnal Penelitian Hutan Tanaman, 2019

Ex-situ conservation is highly beneficial in protecting biodiversity, especially to save certain ... more Ex-situ conservation is highly beneficial in protecting biodiversity, especially to save certain species from extinction. Cempaka (Michelia champaca Linn.) is a tree species that is getting rare as its natural population at some areas were difficult to be discovered. Cempaka tree produces not only wood, but also flowers that can be used for perfumery raw materials and essential oils. Therefore, cempaka species needs to be conserved, either through in-situ or ex-situ method. In order to support ex-situ conservation, a plot of cempaka was established in 2011 at Pasir Hantap Research Forest, Sukabumi District-West Java. The genetic materials were collected from four populations, consisted of 42 mother trees divided by Lahat population (9 mother trees), Empat Lawang population (6 mother trees), Malang population (13 mother trees), and Pasuruan population (14 mother trees). Sub plots were designed based on the seedlings origin (population) and distance among sub plots were ≥ 50 m to avoid cross pollination among populations. The plots were maintained regularly, including weeding, fertilizing, and pest control. Growth observation of cempaka plants was conducted every six months up to 36 months old and then every one year afterwards. The observation consists of survival rate, height and diameter of cempaka stems. Average survival of cempaka plants at 48 moths old was 82.4%, the highest survival was found at Lahat population (94.8%). The highest height and diameter were found at Lahat population as well, i.e. 7.35 m and 13.1 cm, respectively. The lowest survival rate was found at Malang population (64.0%), meanwhile the lowest height and diameter growth were found at Pasuruan provenance, i.e. 2.99 m and 3.9 cm, respectively. It can be concluded that the highest growth, meaning its best performance of cempaka plants was shown by Lahat provenance. It implies that characteristics of mother trees and the seed quality gave a significant effect to the cempaka plant growth.

Jurnal Penelitian Hutan dan Konservasi Alam, 2018

Jalawure (Tacca leontopetaloides Kunz.) is a potential plant as an alternative food source in coa... more Jalawure (Tacca leontopetaloides Kunz.) is a potential plant as an alternative food source in coastal areas. Community in Garut Regency harvests jalawure tuber directly from nature, however natural habitat of jalawure has been seriously affected by land use change. Therefore, it is necessary to conserve and cultivate the plant. This study aims to identify distribution, abundance and habitat characteristics of jalawure in Garut Regency. The study was conducted during 2016 in Cikelet and Pameungpeuk Sub-District. The research method used is vegetation analysis and the site survey. The result showed that jalawure in Garut Regency spread in some beaches of South Garut up to 20 m asl with the distribution pattern is in groups. The largest natural distribution of jalawure was found at Sayang Heulang Beach (29,000 individuals/ha) and Cigadog Beach (12,500 individual/ha) and it dominated the lower plants with Important Value Index of 68.27-96.69 %. Jalawure grows well under shade of Pandanus tectorius up to 80% of coverage; however it also can grow on open area. The plants were found grow naturally on soils with texture of sand (91.33-97.98 %), slightly alkaline (pH 7.73-8.02) with very low (0.81 me/100 g) to low (10.39 me/100 g) Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC).

Jurnal Penelitian Hutan dan Konservasi Alam, 2010

The distribution of nutrients, water and light is influenced mainly by the characteristics of the... more The distribution of nutrients, water and light is influenced mainly by the characteristics of the tree species as components in an agroforestry system, particularly crown shape and root distribution. This study aimed to describe tree architecture and roots distribution as well as to estimate biomass of four tree species (mahogany/Swietenia macrophylla King, sungkai/Peronema canescens Jack, candle nut/Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd., and bread fruit/Artocarpus altilis Fosberg) as components in an agroforestry system established on alang-alang grassland. The architectural characteristics and dynamics of such four tree species were described to determine architectural model of the tree. Tree roots were exposed, observed, and measured to identify their distribution. Branches characteristics and other data were used as input data of the Functional Branching Analysis (FBA) software to estimate the tree biomass. Mahogany and sungkai had crowns architecture and roots distribution apt to support the establishment of an agroforestry system, because they allowed to distribute resources among trees and crops in more balance. Candle nut, however, was more appropriate to reduce alang-alang grass by shading with its wide and dense hemispherical crown. This tree species dominates the root zone by forming many and big lateral and superficial roots which will cause unbalanced resources distribution. Timber and multipurpose tree species had different growth rates and growth rhythms of their above-ground parts. During early establishment, timber tree species had a lower above-ground biomass than multipurpose tree species. Functional Branching Analysis (FBA) software was able to estimate above ground biomass of mahogany and sungkai with an average standard deviation of 1 ± 0.34. This software should be improved in order to accommodate biomass more precisely in the case of trees with different temperaments and particularly, with early and profuse reiteration.

Jurnal Penelitian Hutan dan Konservasi Alam, 2014

PENGELOLAAN DAN KONSERVASI JENIS ULIN (Eusideroxylon zwageri Teijsm. & Binn.) DI INDONESIA (Manag... more PENGELOLAAN DAN KONSERVASI JENIS ULIN (Eusideroxylon zwageri Teijsm. & Binn.) DI INDONESIA (Management and Conservation of Ulin (Eusideroxylon zwageri Teijsm. & Binn.

Jurnal Penelitian Hutan dan Konservasi Alam, 2012

Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research, 2007

Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research, 2009

The forest of Gunung Lumut in Pasir District, East Kalimantan was designated for a protection for... more The forest of Gunung Lumut in Pasir District, East Kalimantan was designated for a protection forest in 1983. It is surrounded by 15 villages and one settlement lies inside it. Communities in those villages are dependent upon the landscape and forest resources mainly for non timber forest products. This study was focused on the perception of the communities on the importance of the landscape and forests. The study was conducted in two settlements, located in and outside (near) the protection forest, namely Rantau Layung Village and Mului Sub-Village. Data collection was undertaken through general fi eld observations, keyinformant personal interviews and focus group discussions. In Rantau Layung, the most important land type was rice fi eld, whereas in Mului was forest. There were 13 and 14 use categories of landscape resources in Rantau Layung and Mului, respectively, such as food, medicine, constructions and source of income. People in Rantau Layung and Mului ranked plants to be more important than animals. People also considered products from wild resources to be more important than those from cultivated and purchased sources. Communities living in both settlements considered the future uses of forests to be the most important as compared to those of the present and past. They suggested that sungkai (Peronema canescens) and telien (Eusideroxylon zwageri) to be the most important plants while payau (Cervus unicolor) and telaus (Muntiacus muntjak) to be the most important animals. People used the wildlife mainly for food and source of income. They also identifi ed important and potential resources for economic development in the area, i.e. ecotourism and hydropower for electric generator.

Keywords:</strong> Ecosystem, Agroforestry, Imperata cylindrica , pioneer, mycorrhizae, int... more Keywords:</strong> Ecosystem, Agroforestry, Imperata cylindrica , pioneer, mycorrhizae, inter-cropping, tree architecture, biomass, functional branching analysisConversion of an Imperata cylindrica ecosystem into an agroforestry ecosystem is a complex process. Integrated control of the I . cylindrica grass is needed in combination with planting deep-rooted pioneer tree species, a legume cover crop and annual food crops. I . cylindrica grasslands are generally

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, Jul 1, 2018

Zero burning during peatland preparation should be implemented to prevent disturbance of its natu... more Zero burning during peatland preparation should be implemented to prevent disturbance of its natural biodiversity as well as to minimize the triggering factors of forest fire incidents in Indonesia. The objective of the research is to study method and cost of peatland preparation, alternative incentive schemes to be applied in order to facilitate zero burning farming as well as to identify potential stakeholders involved in the implementation of the incentive. The research was done in Siak District, Riau Province during May to December 2016 through field observation and interview. Two groups of respondents interviewed in the research, i.e., peatland farmers (40 respondents) and officials of related institutions (32 respondents), who were selected through purposive sampling method. The results showed there were three methods of peatland preparation at the research sites practiced by the farmers: (i) Under control burning, (ii) Zero burning, manually and (iii) Zero burning, mechanically. Actual cost of zero burning is significantly higher or more than two times than that of under control burning method. Therefore, there is a need to provide the smallholders peatland farmers with an incentive scheme to support zero burning practice. Margin of cost between zero burning (manually) and under control burning of peatland preparation methods is recommended to be used as standard for incentive. The incentive should be in the form of compulsory programs and applied gradually to assure zero burning peatland preparation widely implemented. Potential stakeholders involved and their commitment to implement the incentive scheme should be encouraged.

Forests, 2022

Agroforestry is a win-win solution in terms of restoring forest function while benefiting the loc... more Agroforestry is a win-win solution in terms of restoring forest function while benefiting the local community. This research aimed to (1) understand the regulations concerning protected area management and the restoration strategies adopted based on the history of forest degradation in the area, (2) investigate the factors driving local people to adopt agroforestry systems in the area, and (3) investigate the characteristics of the agroforestry system developed and its impacts based on farmers' perceptions. This research was performed in Wan Abdul Rachman Grand Forest Park, Lampung Province, Indonesia, and involved interviewing 59 respondents who managed 63 agroforestry plots in the area. Several schemes had been implemented to restore the degraded forest without involving the community, and the results were unsatisfactory. Changing the regulations concerning managing conservation forests to involve the community and providing legal permits and support from the management improved forest function due to community willingness to implement the agroforestry system. About 81% of observed plots consisted of 5-12 plant species, and 16% of plots consisted of 13-16 species per plot. Theobroma cacao was the most common species in the agroforestry plots, followed by Durio zibethinus, Parkia speciosa, and Aleurites moluccana. The size of the agroforestry plot affected the number of species in the plot. The community perception demonstrated that agroforestry has positive impacts on livelihood, the environment, and biodiversity at the landscape level.