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Harran Sabiiler Nastûrî-Süryânî kiliselerinden farklı olarak yıldız ve gezegenlere tapan Pağan bi... more Harran Sabiiler Nastûrî-Süryânî kiliselerinden farklı olarak yıldız ve gezegenlere tapan Pağan bir topluluk ve gelenek mevcuttu. Kökleri M.Ö. üç bin yılındaki Asur-Babil politeizmine kadar gerilere uzanıyordu. M.Ö. IV. yüzyılda Büyük İskenderin doğu seferiyle (M.Ö.327-323) Yunan egemenliğine girmesi ile de geleneksel Harran dini/kültürel yapısı Yunan kültürü ile zorunlu bir tanışma yaşamıştır. Ayrıca şehirde o zamana kadar konuşulan Süryânicenin yanı sıra Makedon göçmelerin şehre yerleştirilmesi ile Yunanca da rağbet görmeye başlamış, bu sayede yerli halk Yunan filozof ve bilginlerinin eserleri ile tanışmışlardır. Bu zorunlu karşılaşma iki kültür arasında zamanla senkretik bir yapının oluşmasının da başlangıcı olmuştur. Bundan sonra uzun yıllar Harran Helenistik mirasın çok önemli bir merkezi olmuş; M.S. IV. Asırda ve M.S. IX. asırlarda yani Abbasiler döneminde Yunan bilim ve felsefesinin Süryanice ve Arapçaya tercüme edildiği bir merkez olarak öne çıkmıştır. Özellkle Matematik, Astronomi ve geometri alanlarında eserleri tercüme etmişler, bilimsel keşiflerde bulunmuşlardır.
In the medieval history of Islamic medicine sources, there is a lot of information regarding the ... more In the medieval history of Islamic medicine sources, there is a lot of information regarding the translation of the books on the Alexandria Medical School and regarding the bibliographies of doctors. Among the books that were taught in Alexandria Medical School, Galen`s works are the most important. One of the famous translators, Hunayn ibn Ishaq, has made a full bibliographic list of Galen`s works. Galen`s corpus consisted of 16 books in summary. This corpus is called `Jawami al-Iskandaraniyyin`. These books consisted of 7 training stages. The data on our research show that this corpus that was brought together during the last period of the Alexandria Medical School has been passed on to the Muslims as a whole, and has continued to be taught in a way according to the old traditions.
Ortaçağ iktisadi hayatında toprak, devlet maliyesinin, toplumun yiyecek tüketimin ve genel olarak... more Ortaçağ iktisadi hayatında toprak, devlet maliyesinin, toplumun yiyecek tüketimin ve genel olarak ekonominin temelidir. Toprak ve vergiye ilişkin alınan politikalar, devlet maliyesini derinden etkilediği kadar, toplumsal hayat üzerinde de sarsıcı tesirler bırakmaktadır. Abbasilerin gerileme sürecine girdiği IX. Asrın ikinci yarısında Ahmed ibn Müdebbir et-Türki” adlı bir maliye katibinin, başta Irak merkez olmak üzere Şam, Ürdün, Cezire ve Mısır’da bir dizi toprak ve vergi reformu yaptığı dikkat çekmektedir. Bu reformlar aynı zamanda geniş çaplı tepkilere yol açar. Tıpkı Osmanlılardaki tahrir çalışmaları gibi, bu reform (ta’dil) çalışması sırasında bölgedeki üretim şekilleri ve çeşitleri, gelir düzeyi, nüfus yapısı, hazineye irad edilen toplam gelir miktarı ve bu vergi icmallerindeki dalgalanmalar, yeni konulan vergi çeşitleri vs. gibi ekonomik ve mali hayatın pek çok yönüne ışık tutan bilgiler ortaya çıkmaktadır. Ayrıca İbn Müdebbir Tolunoğlu Ahmed Mısır’a atandığı zaman Mısır’da bu reform çalışmalarını yapıyordu. Mali gücü elinde tutan İbn Müdebbir Mısır’dan çıkarılmadan Tolunoğlu devleti müstakilleşememiştir. Bütün bu gelişmeleri İbn Müdebbir’in biyoğrafisini temel alarak bir devrin iktisadi sürecini inceleyeceğiz.
Loss of maternal measles antibody during infancy Objectives: The aim of this cross-sectional stud... more Loss of maternal measles antibody during infancy Objectives: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate maternal antibodies in sera of infants before vaccination age and their relation to the age and education status of the mother. Material and Methods: The study group consisted of 168 mothers and their babies aged 4-40 weeks popula- tion in four different region
Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift - WIEN KLIN WOCHENSCHR, 2003
Background The prevalence of autoimmune thyroid diseases and autoantibodies in patients with chro... more Background The prevalence of autoimmune thyroid diseases and autoantibodies in patients with chronic fasciolosis (CF) was investigated. Methods Thyroid function of 32 patients with CF and 72 patients without fasciolosis infection was evaluated biochemically. Thyroid hormones, antithyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb) and antithyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) were measured. Results In patients with CF, the prevalences of autoantibodies against thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin were 21.9% (7/32) and 15.6% (5/32) respectively. However, thyroid function disorder was identified in only 3 (9.4%) cases. In the control group, TPOAb and TgAb were determined in 2 (2.7%) cases, but no one had thyroid function disorder. The prevalences of thyroid autoantibodies (χ2: 7.948, p 2: 4.007, p Conclusions The high prevalence of TPOAb and TgAb in CF suggests that patients with CF should be evaluated for autoimmune thyroid disorders at the time of diagnosis and during the follow-up period.
American Journal of Infection Control, 2010
The presence of Panton-Valentine leukocidin expressing Staphylococcus aureus colonization was inv... more The presence of Panton-Valentine leukocidin expressing Staphylococcus aureus colonization was investigated with a qualitative nucleic acid hybridization assay among 122 children and 19 staff in a child care center. Genotyping of 5 Panton-Valentine leukocidin-positive isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed that one child and a teacher from the same class were colonized with the clonally related strains. This finding allowed us to suggest that close contact with colonized people is a risk factor for being colonized.
International Journal of General Systems, 2003
Strong fuzzy functions and perfect fuzzy functions based on *-fuzzy equalities were studied, and ... more Strong fuzzy functions and perfect fuzzy functions based on *-fuzzy equalities were studied, and applied to fuzzy control [Demirci, M. (2000) Fuzzy functions and their applications, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 252, 495 517] and vague algebra [Demirci, M. (1999b) Vague groups, J. ...
International Journal of General Systems, 2003
For two given ordinal scales in a measurement process, the present paper investigates how an indi... more For two given ordinal scales in a measurement process, the present paper investigates how an indistinguishability operator evaluated according to one of these ordinal scales can be converted to another indistinguishability operator wrt the other ordinal scale, and establishes the ...
Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 2001
Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 2000
International Journal of General Systems, 2003
Strong fuzzy functions and perfect fuzzy functions based on *-fuzzy equalities were studied, and ... more Strong fuzzy functions and perfect fuzzy functions based on *-fuzzy equalities were studied, and applied to fuzzy control [Demirci, M. (2000) Fuzzy functions and their applications, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 252, 495 517] and vague algebra [Demirci, M. (1999b) Vague groups, J. ...
Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 2013
ABSTRACT Given an abstract category C, C-MM-L -spaces that are categorical generalization of fixe... more ABSTRACT Given an abstract category C, C-MM-L -spaces that are categorical generalization of fixed-basis fuzzy topological spaces in C and their category C-MM-L -Top are introduced. It is pointed out, as one of the main contributions of this paper, that C is dually adjoint to C-MM-L -Top. By defining L -spatiality in CC and L -sobriety in C-MM-L -Top, this adjunction induces a dual equivalence between the full subcategory of C of all L -spatial objects and the full subcategory of C-MM-L -Top of all L -sober objects. The present adjunction and duality are fruitful categorical extensions of the classical Top–Loc adjunction and SobTop–SpatLoc duality to abstract categories with a great deal of applications. In particular, their applications to QQ-categories, quasivarieties and augmented posets are given.
Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 2005
The present work introduces a new and general theory of ordering relations and lattices based on ... more The present work introduces a new and general theory of ordering relations and lattices based on many-valued equivalence relations under the name vague ordering relations and vague lattices, respectively. Representations and constructions of vague ordering relations and ...
Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 1997
The smooth closure and smooth interior of a fuzzy set wrt a smooth topology were defined by Gayya... more The smooth closure and smooth interior of a fuzzy set wrt a smooth topology were defined by Gayyar et al. (1994), and some relations between a few types of compactness were established in the presence of strong restrictions. In this paper, by constructing new definitions of ...
Harran Sabiiler Nastûrî-Süryânî kiliselerinden farklı olarak yıldız ve gezegenlere tapan Pağan bi... more Harran Sabiiler Nastûrî-Süryânî kiliselerinden farklı olarak yıldız ve gezegenlere tapan Pağan bir topluluk ve gelenek mevcuttu. Kökleri M.Ö. üç bin yılındaki Asur-Babil politeizmine kadar gerilere uzanıyordu. M.Ö. IV. yüzyılda Büyük İskenderin doğu seferiyle (M.Ö.327-323) Yunan egemenliğine girmesi ile de geleneksel Harran dini/kültürel yapısı Yunan kültürü ile zorunlu bir tanışma yaşamıştır. Ayrıca şehirde o zamana kadar konuşulan Süryânicenin yanı sıra Makedon göçmelerin şehre yerleştirilmesi ile Yunanca da rağbet görmeye başlamış, bu sayede yerli halk Yunan filozof ve bilginlerinin eserleri ile tanışmışlardır. Bu zorunlu karşılaşma iki kültür arasında zamanla senkretik bir yapının oluşmasının da başlangıcı olmuştur. Bundan sonra uzun yıllar Harran Helenistik mirasın çok önemli bir merkezi olmuş; M.S. IV. Asırda ve M.S. IX. asırlarda yani Abbasiler döneminde Yunan bilim ve felsefesinin Süryanice ve Arapçaya tercüme edildiği bir merkez olarak öne çıkmıştır. Özellkle Matematik, Astronomi ve geometri alanlarında eserleri tercüme etmişler, bilimsel keşiflerde bulunmuşlardır.
In the medieval history of Islamic medicine sources, there is a lot of information regarding the ... more In the medieval history of Islamic medicine sources, there is a lot of information regarding the translation of the books on the Alexandria Medical School and regarding the bibliographies of doctors. Among the books that were taught in Alexandria Medical School, Galen`s works are the most important. One of the famous translators, Hunayn ibn Ishaq, has made a full bibliographic list of Galen`s works. Galen`s corpus consisted of 16 books in summary. This corpus is called `Jawami al-Iskandaraniyyin`. These books consisted of 7 training stages. The data on our research show that this corpus that was brought together during the last period of the Alexandria Medical School has been passed on to the Muslims as a whole, and has continued to be taught in a way according to the old traditions.
Ortaçağ iktisadi hayatında toprak, devlet maliyesinin, toplumun yiyecek tüketimin ve genel olarak... more Ortaçağ iktisadi hayatında toprak, devlet maliyesinin, toplumun yiyecek tüketimin ve genel olarak ekonominin temelidir. Toprak ve vergiye ilişkin alınan politikalar, devlet maliyesini derinden etkilediği kadar, toplumsal hayat üzerinde de sarsıcı tesirler bırakmaktadır. Abbasilerin gerileme sürecine girdiği IX. Asrın ikinci yarısında Ahmed ibn Müdebbir et-Türki” adlı bir maliye katibinin, başta Irak merkez olmak üzere Şam, Ürdün, Cezire ve Mısır’da bir dizi toprak ve vergi reformu yaptığı dikkat çekmektedir. Bu reformlar aynı zamanda geniş çaplı tepkilere yol açar. Tıpkı Osmanlılardaki tahrir çalışmaları gibi, bu reform (ta’dil) çalışması sırasında bölgedeki üretim şekilleri ve çeşitleri, gelir düzeyi, nüfus yapısı, hazineye irad edilen toplam gelir miktarı ve bu vergi icmallerindeki dalgalanmalar, yeni konulan vergi çeşitleri vs. gibi ekonomik ve mali hayatın pek çok yönüne ışık tutan bilgiler ortaya çıkmaktadır. Ayrıca İbn Müdebbir Tolunoğlu Ahmed Mısır’a atandığı zaman Mısır’da bu reform çalışmalarını yapıyordu. Mali gücü elinde tutan İbn Müdebbir Mısır’dan çıkarılmadan Tolunoğlu devleti müstakilleşememiştir. Bütün bu gelişmeleri İbn Müdebbir’in biyoğrafisini temel alarak bir devrin iktisadi sürecini inceleyeceğiz.
Loss of maternal measles antibody during infancy Objectives: The aim of this cross-sectional stud... more Loss of maternal measles antibody during infancy Objectives: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate maternal antibodies in sera of infants before vaccination age and their relation to the age and education status of the mother. Material and Methods: The study group consisted of 168 mothers and their babies aged 4-40 weeks popula- tion in four different region
Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift - WIEN KLIN WOCHENSCHR, 2003
Background The prevalence of autoimmune thyroid diseases and autoantibodies in patients with chro... more Background The prevalence of autoimmune thyroid diseases and autoantibodies in patients with chronic fasciolosis (CF) was investigated. Methods Thyroid function of 32 patients with CF and 72 patients without fasciolosis infection was evaluated biochemically. Thyroid hormones, antithyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb) and antithyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) were measured. Results In patients with CF, the prevalences of autoantibodies against thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin were 21.9% (7/32) and 15.6% (5/32) respectively. However, thyroid function disorder was identified in only 3 (9.4%) cases. In the control group, TPOAb and TgAb were determined in 2 (2.7%) cases, but no one had thyroid function disorder. The prevalences of thyroid autoantibodies (χ2: 7.948, p 2: 4.007, p Conclusions The high prevalence of TPOAb and TgAb in CF suggests that patients with CF should be evaluated for autoimmune thyroid disorders at the time of diagnosis and during the follow-up period.
American Journal of Infection Control, 2010
The presence of Panton-Valentine leukocidin expressing Staphylococcus aureus colonization was inv... more The presence of Panton-Valentine leukocidin expressing Staphylococcus aureus colonization was investigated with a qualitative nucleic acid hybridization assay among 122 children and 19 staff in a child care center. Genotyping of 5 Panton-Valentine leukocidin-positive isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed that one child and a teacher from the same class were colonized with the clonally related strains. This finding allowed us to suggest that close contact with colonized people is a risk factor for being colonized.
International Journal of General Systems, 2003
Strong fuzzy functions and perfect fuzzy functions based on *-fuzzy equalities were studied, and ... more Strong fuzzy functions and perfect fuzzy functions based on *-fuzzy equalities were studied, and applied to fuzzy control [Demirci, M. (2000) Fuzzy functions and their applications, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 252, 495 517] and vague algebra [Demirci, M. (1999b) Vague groups, J. ...
International Journal of General Systems, 2003
For two given ordinal scales in a measurement process, the present paper investigates how an indi... more For two given ordinal scales in a measurement process, the present paper investigates how an indistinguishability operator evaluated according to one of these ordinal scales can be converted to another indistinguishability operator wrt the other ordinal scale, and establishes the ...
Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 2001
Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 2000
International Journal of General Systems, 2003
Strong fuzzy functions and perfect fuzzy functions based on *-fuzzy equalities were studied, and ... more Strong fuzzy functions and perfect fuzzy functions based on *-fuzzy equalities were studied, and applied to fuzzy control [Demirci, M. (2000) Fuzzy functions and their applications, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 252, 495 517] and vague algebra [Demirci, M. (1999b) Vague groups, J. ...
Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 2013
ABSTRACT Given an abstract category C, C-MM-L -spaces that are categorical generalization of fixe... more ABSTRACT Given an abstract category C, C-MM-L -spaces that are categorical generalization of fixed-basis fuzzy topological spaces in C and their category C-MM-L -Top are introduced. It is pointed out, as one of the main contributions of this paper, that C is dually adjoint to C-MM-L -Top. By defining L -spatiality in CC and L -sobriety in C-MM-L -Top, this adjunction induces a dual equivalence between the full subcategory of C of all L -spatial objects and the full subcategory of C-MM-L -Top of all L -sober objects. The present adjunction and duality are fruitful categorical extensions of the classical Top–Loc adjunction and SobTop–SpatLoc duality to abstract categories with a great deal of applications. In particular, their applications to QQ-categories, quasivarieties and augmented posets are given.
Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 2005
The present work introduces a new and general theory of ordering relations and lattices based on ... more The present work introduces a new and general theory of ordering relations and lattices based on many-valued equivalence relations under the name vague ordering relations and vague lattices, respectively. Representations and constructions of vague ordering relations and ...
Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 1997
The smooth closure and smooth interior of a fuzzy set wrt a smooth topology were defined by Gayya... more The smooth closure and smooth interior of a fuzzy set wrt a smooth topology were defined by Gayyar et al. (1994), and some relations between a few types of compactness were established in the presence of strong restrictions. In this paper, by constructing new definitions of ...