Esau Mwakalila - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Esau Mwakalila

Asian research journal of arts & social sciences, Dec 27, 2023

Asian Research Journal of Arts & Social Sciences, 2023

Many African governments have adopted decentralization policy by establishing water management s... more Many African governments have adopted decentralization policy by establishing water management
structures to assist in the water resources management. Formation of new water user associations
were considered to work on behalf of Basin Water Boards; To collect water user fees,to manage,
distribute and conserve water from a source used jointly by the members of the association, to
resolve conflicts between members of the association related to the joint use of a water resource
through established laws, to protect and conserve water sources and environments. However, it is
not clear how the new water user associations functions to realize the goals of integrated water
resources management. This study assessed the role of a newly created water user association in
Sanya-Kware sub-catchment . The paper is based on three months of research in Sanya-Kware
sub-catchment, Tanzania. The method used included semi-structured interviews, focus groupdiscussions and participant observations in the sub-catchment. Interviews and discussions were
held with the leaders of Sanya-Kware sub-catchment water user association, estates farm
managers,Water Supply Trustees Managers,farmers and the Pangani Basin Water Office staff.
Field observations at the Sub-Catchment were carried to enhance quality of data. The results shows
that the newly created Sanya-Kware sub-catchment water user association has not united all water
users, reduced conflicts, nor promoted education to farmers on proper management of water
resources. Farmers interviewed in the highland state that Sanya-Kware water users association is
an association of few people and therefore has no legitimacy. This is mainly because in the
highland,farmers have sufficient water and also they were not properly involved in the formation of
the association. However, the water user association legitimacy and hence its functioning improves
as one moves from highland to lowland areas where water is scarce. Although some of the water
users from the village are cooperating others are reluctant to accept the newly created Water Users
Association in management of water resources.The complexity of the interaction between the stateled water user association and existing water users appear to highlight the challenges of
implementing integrated water resources management in Sanya-Kware sub-catchment. In order for
the water user association to be effective, Pangani Basin Water Board need to put more emphasis
on water users' education and awareness training at the sub-catchment level.

Asian research journal of arts & social sciences, Dec 27, 2023

Asian Research Journal of Arts & Social Sciences, 2023

Many African governments have adopted decentralization policy by establishing water management s... more Many African governments have adopted decentralization policy by establishing water management
structures to assist in the water resources management. Formation of new water user associations
were considered to work on behalf of Basin Water Boards; To collect water user fees,to manage,
distribute and conserve water from a source used jointly by the members of the association, to
resolve conflicts between members of the association related to the joint use of a water resource
through established laws, to protect and conserve water sources and environments. However, it is
not clear how the new water user associations functions to realize the goals of integrated water
resources management. This study assessed the role of a newly created water user association in
Sanya-Kware sub-catchment . The paper is based on three months of research in Sanya-Kware
sub-catchment, Tanzania. The method used included semi-structured interviews, focus groupdiscussions and participant observations in the sub-catchment. Interviews and discussions were
held with the leaders of Sanya-Kware sub-catchment water user association, estates farm
managers,Water Supply Trustees Managers,farmers and the Pangani Basin Water Office staff.
Field observations at the Sub-Catchment were carried to enhance quality of data. The results shows
that the newly created Sanya-Kware sub-catchment water user association has not united all water
users, reduced conflicts, nor promoted education to farmers on proper management of water
resources. Farmers interviewed in the highland state that Sanya-Kware water users association is
an association of few people and therefore has no legitimacy. This is mainly because in the
highland,farmers have sufficient water and also they were not properly involved in the formation of
the association. However, the water user association legitimacy and hence its functioning improves
as one moves from highland to lowland areas where water is scarce. Although some of the water
users from the village are cooperating others are reluctant to accept the newly created Water Users
Association in management of water resources.The complexity of the interaction between the stateled water user association and existing water users appear to highlight the challenges of
implementing integrated water resources management in Sanya-Kware sub-catchment. In order for
the water user association to be effective, Pangani Basin Water Board need to put more emphasis
on water users' education and awareness training at the sub-catchment level.