Nabanita Basu - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Nabanita Basu

IGI Global eBooks, Jan 30, 2017

Language and Law=Linguagem e Direito

Recent research (Haworth 2018) has demonstrated how investigativeinterview data are (unintentiona... more Recent research (Haworth 2018) has demonstrated how investigativeinterview data are (unintentionally) distorted as they pass through the criminaljustice system, and the survey-based experiment we present here was designedto test our hypothesis that various aspects of the processing of police-suspectinterview data may have an impact on the quality of the official evidentialdocument produced. The quantitative and qualitative findings from thisexperiment shed light on, and provide a sound evidence base for this claim, ratherthan leaving it as an untested assumption. The experiment was designed totest each key aspect of the current process of the production of routine writtentranscripts of investigative interviews (ROTIs), focusing on the conversion fromspoken to written format, and the use of different transcription conventions, andit has enabled us to investigate which changes make the most difference in termsof the evidential quality of the end product, in order to effect a change in...

Forensic Science International

International journal of applied research, 2017

The authors conducting the study are particularly interested in recording, analysis and interpret... more The authors conducting the study are particularly interested in recording, analysis and interpretation of the Transfer Stain and Saturation Stain patterns one can expect to see in the event of head hit by a blunt ended object (such as hammer, golf stick, candle stand etc.). This work is in itself a review of the work that has been undertaken in terms of case based study of stains together with the scientific explanations of the mechanisms that lead to the formation of the stains.

Forensic Science International: Synergy

International Journal of Computer Trends and Technology, Mar 25, 2015

It is difficult to interpret hammer transfer strain in a crime scene. This paper lies in the argu... more It is difficult to interpret hammer transfer strain in a crime scene. This paper lies in the argument that proper analysis of hammer transfer stains in crime scene may indicate the possibilities of proper incidence.

The scientific study/interpretation of bloodstain patterns at a crime scene, provide invaluable e... more The scientific study/interpretation of bloodstain patterns at a crime scene, provide invaluable evidence for sequencing, reconstruction of events that might have occurred at the crime scene. As per the Federal Bureau of Investigation(FBI) each year a greater number of people die as a consequence of blunt force trauma compared to the number of people who are killed with a rifle or shot gun. From documentation phase to final interpretation, bloodstain pattern analysis is deeply rooted in the principles of physics, fluid mechanics, medical science, computer science, mathematics etc. This paper is largely aimed at reviewing the multidisciplinary work that has already been undertaken by scientists round the world to understand impact stain patterns, cast-off, transfer and saturation stain patterns that are most commonly visible in a crime scene that involves blunt force injury. Again, like most other disciplines of forensic science, the reliability and error rates associated with the int...

Violent crime scenes often register incomplete/broken bloodstained footprint impressions. It is o... more Violent crime scenes often register incomplete/broken bloodstained footprint impressions. It is often difficult to make predictions from broken footprints obtained from a crime scene. Though it is easy to differentiate a complete footprint from complete shoeprint, such differenti ation does not stand easy when attempt is made to distinguish an incomplete footprint from an incomplete shoeprint owing to large variation in foot size, shoe size and shoe make. Hence, this study is an attempt to develop a computer based methodology that an incomplete bloody shoe and footprint. When tested on a dataset of 237 prints, a footprint/shoeprint classification accuracy of 81 % was achieved (Sensitivity

The detailed study of bloodstain patterns obtained from a crime scene could prove to be invaluabl... more The detailed study of bloodstain patterns obtained from a crime scene could prove to be invaluable evidence for part/full crime scene reconstruction, in testing the credibility of the statements of the victim, suspect, bystander/eyewitness (if any). Locard’s exchange principle states that “every time an individual makes contact with another person, place or thing, it results in an exchange of physical materials” (Welding, S.2012). The study of evidence at a crime scene is particularly based on this principle. Bloodstain pattern analysis is defined as ‘the scientific study of the static consequences resulting from dynamic blood shedding events’ (Norby,J.J.2006). A reference database of bloodstain drip pattern on different types of fabric (i.e. fabrics made from natural fiber,man-made fiber, fabrics used for industrial purposes), is created. A bloodstain pattern is defined as ‘a grouping or distribution of bloodstains that indicate through regular or repetitive form, order, or arrange...

International journal of applied research, 2016

Using an incorrect lens, or camera shake can cause the perspective of photographs to be tilted or... more Using an incorrect lens, or camera shake can cause the perspective of photographs to be tilted or skewed. The perspective may be distorted, and is more evident in photographs containing continuous vertical lines or geometric shapes. This paper deals with perspective distortion together with skew distortion rectification of a document image file to make its content more easily comprehendible for an end user.

This paper is aimed at interpretation of transfer stains from blunt ended tools that are often us... more This paper is aimed at interpretation of transfer stains from blunt ended tools that are often used in homicide as ‘weapon available at that particular moment’. Experiments have been undertaken to study transfer stains produced by a blunt ended object (hammer in this case). It still remains a challenge for forensic pathologists to analyze wounds created by blunt ended object. This paper aims at providing an essential guide towards proper reconstruction of a crime scene where an individual has suffered blunt force trauma. Weapon transfer stain under certain circumstances could particularly contribute to sequencing of events at a crime scene.

Medical images obtained from devices such as Ultrasonography, X-Ray, CT and MRI exhibit diverse i... more Medical images obtained from devices such as Ultrasonography, X-Ray, CT and MRI exhibit diverse image characteristics but are essentially collection of intensity variations from which specific abnormalities are needed to be pre-processed and isolated. This paper proposes Arifact Removal algorithm and Edge Detection algorithm that is equally effective with most medical images.

International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Energy, 2015

The texture, weave, absorption of fabric as also the volume of blood that drips onto a fabricofte... more The texture, weave, absorption of fabric as also the volume of blood that drips onto a fabricoften lead to the distortion of stain patterns formed on the concerned fabric. The structure of textile has a profound effect on the formation of the bloodstain pattern. This paper presents a review work on Bloodstain Pattern analysis on fabric.

Bloodstain pattern analysis (BPA) is the interpretation of bloodstains at a crime scene in order ... more Bloodstain pattern analysis (BPA) is the interpretation of bloodstains at a crime scene in order to recreate the actions that caused the bloodshed. Analysts exam-ine the size, shape, distribution and location of the bloodstains to form opinions about what did or did not happen We intend to study primary (i.e. Location of the original criminal activity) crime scene and the different sort of blood stains and we could see particularly on different sorts of fabrics, floor, ceiling walls, ground, both indoors and outdoors in a violent crime scene by use of a range of murder weapons (eg. Axe, Knife, Screw-driver, stick etc.). Dataset of Blood drip patterns was created using fresh pig/porcine blood that was subsequently treated with two different types of anticoagulants (Warfarin (orally administered) and Heparin Injection (intravenous)) and the effects of different dosage of the anticoagulant medications on the stain pattern on non-absorbent paper surface was accordingly recorded by varyi...

The role of the emotions is much neglected in legal theory. This should be puzzling at first sigh... more The role of the emotions is much neglected in legal theory. This should be puzzling at first sight, because emotions play an important role in many areas of the law. Co nsider the following problems: A person who kills while angry is usually guilty of a less serious crime than a person who kills in a calm, unemotional state, but not if the anger is caused by hatred rather than shame. First note victims' body language, such as their posture, facial expression, tone of voice, gestures, eye contact, and general appearance. This can help you understand and respond to what they are feeling as well as what they are saying. Criminal face detection and facial expression matching is a forensic technique that has been routinely used in criminal investigation. This paper analyses facial expression for establishing a relationship between law and the emotions.

Transfer stains in a crime scene are often difficult to interpret. Given the large number of even... more Transfer stains in a crime scene are often difficult to interpret. Given the large number of events that take place each year, this work is largely aimed at analyzing the different factors that influence and distort regular transfer stains. Different physical mechanisms under identical conditions influence the formation of distinct transfer stain patterns.

International Journal for Scientific Research and Development, 2016

People sometimes hide contraband inside body cavities. For instance, prison inmates and visitors ... more People sometimes hide contraband inside body cavities. For instance, prison inmates and visitors may hide money or cell phones this way. Smugglers may carry drugs, and terrorists may conceal explosives inside the body. The paper proposed a method for detecting hidden item inside human body. It can detect both metal and non-metal objects and display them as images on a video screen.