Nour Eddine ES-SAFI - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Nour Eddine ES-SAFI

Oligomeric proanthocyanidins from four Moroccan varieties of V. vinifera leaves were isolated. Th... more Oligomeric proanthocyanidins from four Moroccan varieties of V. vinifera leaves were isolated. The most abundant procyanidin was dimer B1. (+)-Catechin was the predominant terminal unit in the tannic polymers. The polymers contained both prodelphinidin and procyanidin with an estimated ratio ranging from 60:40 to 80:20.

Agronomy, 2020

Lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) is one of the most important cool season food legume crops grown ... more Lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) is one of the most important cool season food legume crops grown in many countries. Seeds are typically rich in protein, fiber, prebiotic carbohydrates and minerals, such as iron and zinc. With changing climate and variability, the lentil crop faces frequent droughts and heat stress of varying intensity in its major production zones. In the present study, a set of 162 lentil accessions selected through the Focused Identification of Germplasm Strategy (FIGS) were screened for tolerance to heat stress and combined heat-drought stresses under field conditions at two contrasting locations, namely Marchouch and Tessaout in Morocco. The results showed a significant genotypic variation for heat tolerance and combined heat-drought tolerance among the accessions at both locations. Based on the heat tolerance index (HTI), accessions, namely ILL 7833, ILL 6338 and ILL 6104, were selected as potential sources of heat tolerance at Marchouch, and ILL 7814 and ILL 8...

Bulletin de l'OIV, 1994

... Mots-clés anglais / English Keywords. Phenols. ; Analytical method. ; Chemical composition. ;... more ... Mots-clés anglais / English Keywords. Phenols. ; Analytical method. ; Chemical composition. ; Assay. ; Wine variety. ; ... Dosage. ; Variété vin. ; Maroc. ; Etude comparative. ; Chromatographie HPLC. ; ... Fenoles. ; Método analítico. ; Composición química. ; Dosificación. ; Variedad vino. ...

American Journal of Food Technology, 2007

Journal of Plant Interactions, 2021

Journal of AOAC International, Jul 1, 2017

NATO Science for Peace and Security Series A: Chemistry and Biology, 2017

Two new isomeric oxazolidin-2-one derivatives have been synthesized through reaction of (E)-3-sty... more Two new isomeric oxazolidin-2-one derivatives have been synthesized through reaction of (E)-3-styrylquinoxalin-2-one with bis-dichloroethylamine hydrochloride in presence of potassium carbonate. The structures of the formed products were established by NMR and mass spectroscopy. The fragmentation patterns of the two novel synthesized oxazolidin-2-ones (1, 2), possessing the same backbone structure, were investigated using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) techniques. A simple methodology, based on the use of ESI (positive ion mode) and by increasing the declustering potential in the atmospheric pressure/vacuum interface, collision induced dissociation (CID), was used to enhance the formation of the fragment ions. In general, the novel synthetic oxazolidin-2-one derivatives afforded, in the gas phase, protonated molecules leading to the confirmation of the molecular masses and chemical structures of the studied compounds. The breakdown routes of the protonated molecules were rationalized by conducting low-energy collision CID-MS/MS analyses (product ion scans) using. The structural similarity between the two studied oxazolidin-2-ones explains the similarity observed in their CID-MS/MS spectra and their fragmentation pathways. ESI-MS/MS recorded with increased collision energy values permits us to observe different product ions and allow us to differentiate the two studied isomers. ESI-MS and CID-MS/MS analyses have thus proven to be a specific and very sensitive method for the structural investigation of the two novel synthesized oxazolidin-2-one derivatives.

Maderas. Ciencia y tecnología, 2015

Phenolic compounds have a fundamental importance in the nutritional and sensorial characteristics... more Phenolic compounds have a fundamental importance in the nutritional and sensorial characteristics of olive. In this study phenolic compounds extracted from olive fruit stones of three Moroccan registered cultivars were analyzed. The obtained results showed that the total amount of phenolic compounds varied according to the olive variety. The stones of the Moroccan Picholine variety were the richest in total phenolic compounds (11.32 mg of gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g of dry weight (DW)) followed by Haouzia (4.55 mg GAE/g DW) and Menara (3.56 mg GAE/g DW). The qualitative analysis showed that the analyzed extracts were predominated by nuzhenide and its derivatives. Thus nuzhenide was observed among the major compound in the three studied cultivars. Its mono, di and tri 11-methyl oleoside adducts were also detected. Various compounds with the same molecular weight values and corresponding to nuzhenide or its derivatives were detected indicating the presence of various isomers.

BioMed Research International

The objective of this work was to investigate the cytotoxicological effect of the extracts (hexan... more The objective of this work was to investigate the cytotoxicological effect of the extracts (hexane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol) of Cotula cinerea and Salvia verbenaca in addition to the essential oil of Cotula cinerea. These plants are widely used in the Moroccan traditional folk medicine. The cytotoxic effect was explored against two cancer cell lines, Vero and RD, using the colorimetric MTT assay. The obtained results showed that the cytotoxicity differed according to the used extract with an efficient effect of Cotula cinerea extracts compared to Salvia verbenaca. A potent cytotoxicity was thus observed for the Cotula cinerea hexane extract which inhibited the growth of RD cell line at the lowest IC50 value (57.21±3.43 µg/mL). This was followed by the ethyl acetate extract and the essential oil with moderate effects against RD cell line and showed IC50 values of 187.52±6.27 µg/mL and 173.05±4.46 µg/mL, respectively. On the other hand, different results were obtained and Cotula ...

Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry

RATIONALE Cotula cinerea of the Asteraceae family is a traditional Moroccan plant, with various b... more RATIONALE Cotula cinerea of the Asteraceae family is a traditional Moroccan plant, with various biological activities such as analgesic, cytotoxic and antioxidant effects which are often related to the presence of secondary metabolites. The present work aims to screen and identify the main phytochemicals compounds of Cotula cinerea extracts. METHODS A rapid and simple ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography system coupled with both photodiode array and high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry detectors (UHPLC-PDA-ToF-HRMS) method was developed for the identification of the main secondary metabolites of three investigated extracts (hexane, AcOEt and n-BuOH). RESULTS A total of 30 phytocomponents pertaining to phenolic compounds and terpenoids have been detected, identified and quantified. Among these were previously reported free and conjugated coumaric and caffeic acids along with free and conjugated flavones and flavonols with kaempferol, quercetin, luteolin and apigenin aglycones. In addition, sulfated flavonoids were identified in the investigated extracts and are reported in this work for the first time in Cotula cinerea. The obtained results have been discussed in relation with the biological activities of the corresponding extracts. CONCLUSIONS This study proposed a practical strategy for rapidly screening and identifying secondary metabolites of Cotula cinerea and provided new information on the phytochemicals of this Saharan plant. This work provided thus useful results for further pharmacological studies and the design of new drugs based on this species and will facilitate the utilization of Cotula cinerea in the clinic and its safety evaluation. It is also hoped that the information presented here might stimulate further studies that will possibly lead to development of therapeutic agents from this plant.

Journal of Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants

ABSTRACT The acute and subchronic toxicological effects of Salvia verbenaca extracts in hexane, e... more ABSTRACT The acute and subchronic toxicological effects of Salvia verbenaca extracts in hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, were investigated. The extracts were not toxic at 2000 mg Kg−1. A normal body weight evolution was observed during the 14 treatment days where there was no difference between the control and the treated groups. No abnormalities were seen in the haematological and biochemical parameters with the exception of an increase of the platelets. S. verbenaca may be recommended to boost platelets formation when compromised. Biochemical analysis revealed normal physiological levels of alanine transaminase (ALAT) and aspartate transaminase (ASAT). Histopathological examination showed a normal architecture with no morphological changes in the major vital examined organs.

Journal of AOAC International, Jul 1, 2017

AOAC SMPRs describe the minimum recommended performance characteristics to be used during the eva... more AOAC SMPRs describe the minimum recommended performance characteristics to be used during the evaluation of a method. The evaluation may be an on-site verification, a singlelaboratory validation, or a multi-site collaborative study. SMPRs are written and adopted by AOAC stakeholder panels composed of representatives from the industry, regulatory organizations, contract laboratories, test kit manufacturers, and academic institutions. AOAC SMPRs are used by AOAC expert review panels in their evaluation of validation study data for method being considered for Performance Tested MethodsSM or AOAC Official Methods of AnalysisSM, and can be used as acceptance criteria for verification at user laboratories.

Journal of AOAC International, 2016

An LC method was developed and validated in 2007 for analyzing Withania somnifera raw material (r... more An LC method was developed and validated in 2007 for analyzing Withania somnifera raw material (root) and dried extracts for withanolide content, including withanoside IV, withanoside V, withaferin A, 12-deoxywithastromonolide, withanolide A, and withanolide B. The method involved the extraction of the analytes with methanol, their subsequent filtration, and then analysis on a C18 column with an acetonitrile gradient and UV detection. Single-laboratory validation yielded linearity generally in the range of 20 to 200 μg/mL for each analyte, with a repeatability precision of RSD < 3% in most cases, and recovery in the range of 90 to 105%. These results compare well with the performance criteria recently detailed in AOAC Standard Method Performance Requirement 2015.007. The method was shown to be rugged with respect to different analysts, equipment, and days of analysis, and the sample solution was shown to be stable for 24 h at room temperature after extraction. The method was revi...

International Journal of Food Microbiology, 2017

Punica granatum L. is widely recognized for its potency against a broad spectrum of bacterial pat... more Punica granatum L. is widely recognized for its potency against a broad spectrum of bacterial pathogens. The purpose of this study was to explore the inhibitory and the bactericidal activities of Punica granatum against Salmonella strains. The effect of extracts obtained from different parts (peels, seeds, juice and flowers) of pomegranate and using different solvents against Salmonella enterica serovars Kentucky and Enteritidis isolated from chicken meat was thus investigated. Salmonella strains were identified with the standard API-20E system and confirmed by real time PCR. The obtained results showed that the highest antibacterial activity against Salmonella strains was observed with the peels ethanolic extract giving MIC values ranging from 10.75 to 12.5mg/mL. The ethanolic extract of P. granatum Nana peels at 0.8 and 1.6mg/g significantly inhibited the growth of Salmonella Kentucky in chicken meat stored at 4°C. The phenolic composition of the ethanolic peel extract was explored by HPLC coupled to both DAD and ESI/TOF-MS detections. The obtained results allowed the detection of 21 phytochemical compounds among which various phenolic compounds have been identified on the basis of their UV and MS spectra as well as with literature data. Among the detected compounds, anthocyanins, ellagitannins, ellagic acid derivatives and flavanols were further characterized through MS-MS analysis. Our results showed thus that the Tunisian variety Nana pomegranate constitutes a good source of bioactive compounds with potent antimicrobial activity on the growth of Salmonella strains suggesting that the studied pomegranate cultivar could be a natural remedy to minimize the emergence of Salmonella enterica strains which is often involved in food borne illness.

Journal of AOAC International, Feb 1, 2016

American Journal of Food Technology, 2007

… Journal of Enology …, 1996

As a part of our chemical investigation on the Moroccan grapevine, the phenolic composition of gr... more As a part of our chemical investigation on the Moroccan grapevine, the phenolic composition of grapevine leaves of four cultivars among the most important in Moroccan viticulture is presented. Ten hydroxy flavonoids were isolated from the leaves of Vitis vinifera including ...

Spectroscopy Letters, 2008

NMR and MS techniques were used for the unambiguous structural elucidation of synthesized modifie... more NMR and MS techniques were used for the unambiguous structural elucidation of synthesized modified monomeric and dimeric flavan‐3‐ols presenting different substituents on the A‐ring C8 position. The full characterization of the synthesized compounds was achieved by concerted use of NMR and ESI‐MS techniques. Assignments of proton and carbon atoms was achieved through analysis of the 1D H and C NMR

Oligomeric proanthocyanidins from four Moroccan varieties of V. vinifera leaves were isolated. Th... more Oligomeric proanthocyanidins from four Moroccan varieties of V. vinifera leaves were isolated. The most abundant procyanidin was dimer B1. (+)-Catechin was the predominant terminal unit in the tannic polymers. The polymers contained both prodelphinidin and procyanidin with an estimated ratio ranging from 60:40 to 80:20.

Agronomy, 2020

Lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) is one of the most important cool season food legume crops grown ... more Lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) is one of the most important cool season food legume crops grown in many countries. Seeds are typically rich in protein, fiber, prebiotic carbohydrates and minerals, such as iron and zinc. With changing climate and variability, the lentil crop faces frequent droughts and heat stress of varying intensity in its major production zones. In the present study, a set of 162 lentil accessions selected through the Focused Identification of Germplasm Strategy (FIGS) were screened for tolerance to heat stress and combined heat-drought stresses under field conditions at two contrasting locations, namely Marchouch and Tessaout in Morocco. The results showed a significant genotypic variation for heat tolerance and combined heat-drought tolerance among the accessions at both locations. Based on the heat tolerance index (HTI), accessions, namely ILL 7833, ILL 6338 and ILL 6104, were selected as potential sources of heat tolerance at Marchouch, and ILL 7814 and ILL 8...

Bulletin de l'OIV, 1994

... Mots-clés anglais / English Keywords. Phenols. ; Analytical method. ; Chemical composition. ;... more ... Mots-clés anglais / English Keywords. Phenols. ; Analytical method. ; Chemical composition. ; Assay. ; Wine variety. ; ... Dosage. ; Variété vin. ; Maroc. ; Etude comparative. ; Chromatographie HPLC. ; ... Fenoles. ; Método analítico. ; Composición química. ; Dosificación. ; Variedad vino. ...

American Journal of Food Technology, 2007

Journal of Plant Interactions, 2021

Journal of AOAC International, Jul 1, 2017

NATO Science for Peace and Security Series A: Chemistry and Biology, 2017

Two new isomeric oxazolidin-2-one derivatives have been synthesized through reaction of (E)-3-sty... more Two new isomeric oxazolidin-2-one derivatives have been synthesized through reaction of (E)-3-styrylquinoxalin-2-one with bis-dichloroethylamine hydrochloride in presence of potassium carbonate. The structures of the formed products were established by NMR and mass spectroscopy. The fragmentation patterns of the two novel synthesized oxazolidin-2-ones (1, 2), possessing the same backbone structure, were investigated using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) techniques. A simple methodology, based on the use of ESI (positive ion mode) and by increasing the declustering potential in the atmospheric pressure/vacuum interface, collision induced dissociation (CID), was used to enhance the formation of the fragment ions. In general, the novel synthetic oxazolidin-2-one derivatives afforded, in the gas phase, protonated molecules leading to the confirmation of the molecular masses and chemical structures of the studied compounds. The breakdown routes of the protonated molecules were rationalized by conducting low-energy collision CID-MS/MS analyses (product ion scans) using. The structural similarity between the two studied oxazolidin-2-ones explains the similarity observed in their CID-MS/MS spectra and their fragmentation pathways. ESI-MS/MS recorded with increased collision energy values permits us to observe different product ions and allow us to differentiate the two studied isomers. ESI-MS and CID-MS/MS analyses have thus proven to be a specific and very sensitive method for the structural investigation of the two novel synthesized oxazolidin-2-one derivatives.

Maderas. Ciencia y tecnología, 2015

Phenolic compounds have a fundamental importance in the nutritional and sensorial characteristics... more Phenolic compounds have a fundamental importance in the nutritional and sensorial characteristics of olive. In this study phenolic compounds extracted from olive fruit stones of three Moroccan registered cultivars were analyzed. The obtained results showed that the total amount of phenolic compounds varied according to the olive variety. The stones of the Moroccan Picholine variety were the richest in total phenolic compounds (11.32 mg of gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g of dry weight (DW)) followed by Haouzia (4.55 mg GAE/g DW) and Menara (3.56 mg GAE/g DW). The qualitative analysis showed that the analyzed extracts were predominated by nuzhenide and its derivatives. Thus nuzhenide was observed among the major compound in the three studied cultivars. Its mono, di and tri 11-methyl oleoside adducts were also detected. Various compounds with the same molecular weight values and corresponding to nuzhenide or its derivatives were detected indicating the presence of various isomers.

BioMed Research International

The objective of this work was to investigate the cytotoxicological effect of the extracts (hexan... more The objective of this work was to investigate the cytotoxicological effect of the extracts (hexane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol) of Cotula cinerea and Salvia verbenaca in addition to the essential oil of Cotula cinerea. These plants are widely used in the Moroccan traditional folk medicine. The cytotoxic effect was explored against two cancer cell lines, Vero and RD, using the colorimetric MTT assay. The obtained results showed that the cytotoxicity differed according to the used extract with an efficient effect of Cotula cinerea extracts compared to Salvia verbenaca. A potent cytotoxicity was thus observed for the Cotula cinerea hexane extract which inhibited the growth of RD cell line at the lowest IC50 value (57.21±3.43 µg/mL). This was followed by the ethyl acetate extract and the essential oil with moderate effects against RD cell line and showed IC50 values of 187.52±6.27 µg/mL and 173.05±4.46 µg/mL, respectively. On the other hand, different results were obtained and Cotula ...

Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry

RATIONALE Cotula cinerea of the Asteraceae family is a traditional Moroccan plant, with various b... more RATIONALE Cotula cinerea of the Asteraceae family is a traditional Moroccan plant, with various biological activities such as analgesic, cytotoxic and antioxidant effects which are often related to the presence of secondary metabolites. The present work aims to screen and identify the main phytochemicals compounds of Cotula cinerea extracts. METHODS A rapid and simple ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography system coupled with both photodiode array and high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry detectors (UHPLC-PDA-ToF-HRMS) method was developed for the identification of the main secondary metabolites of three investigated extracts (hexane, AcOEt and n-BuOH). RESULTS A total of 30 phytocomponents pertaining to phenolic compounds and terpenoids have been detected, identified and quantified. Among these were previously reported free and conjugated coumaric and caffeic acids along with free and conjugated flavones and flavonols with kaempferol, quercetin, luteolin and apigenin aglycones. In addition, sulfated flavonoids were identified in the investigated extracts and are reported in this work for the first time in Cotula cinerea. The obtained results have been discussed in relation with the biological activities of the corresponding extracts. CONCLUSIONS This study proposed a practical strategy for rapidly screening and identifying secondary metabolites of Cotula cinerea and provided new information on the phytochemicals of this Saharan plant. This work provided thus useful results for further pharmacological studies and the design of new drugs based on this species and will facilitate the utilization of Cotula cinerea in the clinic and its safety evaluation. It is also hoped that the information presented here might stimulate further studies that will possibly lead to development of therapeutic agents from this plant.

Journal of Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants

ABSTRACT The acute and subchronic toxicological effects of Salvia verbenaca extracts in hexane, e... more ABSTRACT The acute and subchronic toxicological effects of Salvia verbenaca extracts in hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, were investigated. The extracts were not toxic at 2000 mg Kg−1. A normal body weight evolution was observed during the 14 treatment days where there was no difference between the control and the treated groups. No abnormalities were seen in the haematological and biochemical parameters with the exception of an increase of the platelets. S. verbenaca may be recommended to boost platelets formation when compromised. Biochemical analysis revealed normal physiological levels of alanine transaminase (ALAT) and aspartate transaminase (ASAT). Histopathological examination showed a normal architecture with no morphological changes in the major vital examined organs.

Journal of AOAC International, Jul 1, 2017

AOAC SMPRs describe the minimum recommended performance characteristics to be used during the eva... more AOAC SMPRs describe the minimum recommended performance characteristics to be used during the evaluation of a method. The evaluation may be an on-site verification, a singlelaboratory validation, or a multi-site collaborative study. SMPRs are written and adopted by AOAC stakeholder panels composed of representatives from the industry, regulatory organizations, contract laboratories, test kit manufacturers, and academic institutions. AOAC SMPRs are used by AOAC expert review panels in their evaluation of validation study data for method being considered for Performance Tested MethodsSM or AOAC Official Methods of AnalysisSM, and can be used as acceptance criteria for verification at user laboratories.

Journal of AOAC International, 2016

An LC method was developed and validated in 2007 for analyzing Withania somnifera raw material (r... more An LC method was developed and validated in 2007 for analyzing Withania somnifera raw material (root) and dried extracts for withanolide content, including withanoside IV, withanoside V, withaferin A, 12-deoxywithastromonolide, withanolide A, and withanolide B. The method involved the extraction of the analytes with methanol, their subsequent filtration, and then analysis on a C18 column with an acetonitrile gradient and UV detection. Single-laboratory validation yielded linearity generally in the range of 20 to 200 μg/mL for each analyte, with a repeatability precision of RSD < 3% in most cases, and recovery in the range of 90 to 105%. These results compare well with the performance criteria recently detailed in AOAC Standard Method Performance Requirement 2015.007. The method was shown to be rugged with respect to different analysts, equipment, and days of analysis, and the sample solution was shown to be stable for 24 h at room temperature after extraction. The method was revi...

International Journal of Food Microbiology, 2017

Punica granatum L. is widely recognized for its potency against a broad spectrum of bacterial pat... more Punica granatum L. is widely recognized for its potency against a broad spectrum of bacterial pathogens. The purpose of this study was to explore the inhibitory and the bactericidal activities of Punica granatum against Salmonella strains. The effect of extracts obtained from different parts (peels, seeds, juice and flowers) of pomegranate and using different solvents against Salmonella enterica serovars Kentucky and Enteritidis isolated from chicken meat was thus investigated. Salmonella strains were identified with the standard API-20E system and confirmed by real time PCR. The obtained results showed that the highest antibacterial activity against Salmonella strains was observed with the peels ethanolic extract giving MIC values ranging from 10.75 to 12.5mg/mL. The ethanolic extract of P. granatum Nana peels at 0.8 and 1.6mg/g significantly inhibited the growth of Salmonella Kentucky in chicken meat stored at 4°C. The phenolic composition of the ethanolic peel extract was explored by HPLC coupled to both DAD and ESI/TOF-MS detections. The obtained results allowed the detection of 21 phytochemical compounds among which various phenolic compounds have been identified on the basis of their UV and MS spectra as well as with literature data. Among the detected compounds, anthocyanins, ellagitannins, ellagic acid derivatives and flavanols were further characterized through MS-MS analysis. Our results showed thus that the Tunisian variety Nana pomegranate constitutes a good source of bioactive compounds with potent antimicrobial activity on the growth of Salmonella strains suggesting that the studied pomegranate cultivar could be a natural remedy to minimize the emergence of Salmonella enterica strains which is often involved in food borne illness.

Journal of AOAC International, Feb 1, 2016

American Journal of Food Technology, 2007

… Journal of Enology …, 1996

As a part of our chemical investigation on the Moroccan grapevine, the phenolic composition of gr... more As a part of our chemical investigation on the Moroccan grapevine, the phenolic composition of grapevine leaves of four cultivars among the most important in Moroccan viticulture is presented. Ten hydroxy flavonoids were isolated from the leaves of Vitis vinifera including ...

Spectroscopy Letters, 2008

NMR and MS techniques were used for the unambiguous structural elucidation of synthesized modifie... more NMR and MS techniques were used for the unambiguous structural elucidation of synthesized modified monomeric and dimeric flavan‐3‐ols presenting different substituents on the A‐ring C8 position. The full characterization of the synthesized compounds was achieved by concerted use of NMR and ESI‐MS techniques. Assignments of proton and carbon atoms was achieved through analysis of the 1D H and C NMR

Phenolic compounds have a fundamental importance in the nutritional and sensorial characteristi... more Phenolic compounds have a fundamental importance in the nutritional and sensorial characteristics of olive. In this study phenolic compounds extracted from olive fruit stones of three Moroccan registered cultivars were analyzed. The obtained results showed that the total amount of phenolic compounds varied according to the olive variety. The stones of the Moroccan Picholine variety were the richest in total phenolic compounds (11,32 mg of gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g of dry weight (DW)) followed by Haouzia (4,55 mg GAE/g DW) and Menara (3,56 mg GAE/g DW). The qualitative analysis showed that the analyzed extracts were predominated by nuzhenide and its derivatives. Thus nuzhenide was observed among the major compound in the three studied cultivars. Its mono, di and tri 11-methyl oleoside adducts were also detected. Various compounds with the same molecular weight values and corresponding to nuzhenide or its derivatives were detected indicating the presence of various isomers.