Nabil Abdullah - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Nabil Abdullah

Research paper thumbnail of Reduction of Trihalomethane Precursors Using Enhanced Coagulation

Journal of Environmental Science, 2020

Jar tests were conducted to simulate the conventional processes of water treatment. Enhanced coag... more Jar tests were conducted to simulate the conventional processes of water treatment. Enhanced coagulation used the traditional alum that is already applied in water treatment in Egypt, with a comparison with ferric chloride and mixture of alum and ferric chloride, the strategy of enhanced treatment adopted mainly organic matter and THMs beside turbidity, so the doses of coagulant were increased to achieve better removal of THMs which have an health issue. Conventional treatment processes including addition of aluminum sulphate or ferric chloride to the raw water followed by coagulation, sedimentation and rapid sand filtration are important step in water purification. They reduced the organic matter to about 42% and THMs to 37 using the baseline dose (25 mg/l). The enhanced coagulation process by increasing the dose of alum reduced the total organic carbon and THMs to 57 % and 54 % respectively. Using of ferric chloride at a baseline dose reduced TOC and THMs by 40 % and 36% respectively, while enhanced coagulation by increasing the dose of ferric chloride (at a dose of 35 mg/l) raised up the removal of TOC and THMs to 47 % and 44% respectively. The dual coagulant of alum and ferric chloride achieved 47% removal of TOC and 36% for THMs at a dosage of 25 mg/l, while the enhanced coagulation by increasing the dose of duel coagulant of alum and ferric chloride (35 mg/l) raising up the removal of TOC to 61% and THMs to 50%. The advantageous of the dual coagulant is higher reduction of residual aluminum and THMs, this attributed to the enhancement of flocculation which create activated adsorption sites of flocs surfaces.

Research paper thumbnail of Optimization of Thermal Action on Egyptian Kaolinite for Production of Geopolymeric Binder Using Solid Wastes of Aluminum Sulphate Industery in Egypt

Journal of Environmental Science, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of Immobilization of Some Heavy Metals in Geopolymer Based on Water Treatment Sludge and Alum Industry Solid Waste

Alfarama Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences, 2020

This paper investigates the immobilization behaviors of Cd 2+ , Pb 2+ and Hg 2+ ions in a geopoly... more This paper investigates the immobilization behaviors of Cd 2+ , Pb 2+ and Hg 2+ ions in a geopolymer based on water treatment sludge (WTS) and dealuminated metakaolin (DaMK) solid waste from alum industry. For synthesis of WTS/DaMK based geopolymer, five mixes of WTS/DaMK (75/25, 80/20, 85/15, 90/10 and 95/5, respectively) are tested to obtain the optimum synthesis condition based on the compressive strength. Results showed that the geopolymer mortar with 85/15WTS/DaMK has the highest compressive strength (8 MPa). In addition, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) techniques are used to characterize the mineral and chemical compositions of WTS and DaMK. WTS/DaMK based geopolymer mortar have been tested for leaching to study its immobilization behavior under the optimum condition. The Cd 2+ , Pb 2+ and Hg 2+ ions were used and effectively immobilized in this study. The heavy metals with concentrations of 100, 200 and 300 ppm were used in the geopolymer matrix giving about 98% of immobilization efficiency. The study showed that Pb 2+ has the best immobilization efficiency followed by Hg 2+ and Cd 2+ with high concentrations.

Research paper thumbnail of Solidification of Alum Industry Waste for Producing Geopolymer Mortar

The Egyptian Journal of Chemistry, 2020

This paper presents an experimental work, which carried out to test the feasibility of using deal... more This paper presents an experimental work, which carried out to test the feasibility of using dealuminated metakaolin (DaMK) as an additive to metakaolin (MK) in the production of geopolymer concrete. DaMK is produced as a byproduct from the aluminum sulfate industry. The chemical composition and physical properties of DaMK were investigated in this study. Results showed that DaMK is a good pozzolan material, which added to MK by 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, and 70% in producing geopolymer concrete. The compressive strength was measured by testing standard cubes at 7 and 28 days. Satisfactory results are achieved by using 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40% of DaMK. It is recommended to use MK with added proportions of DaMK up to 40% of MK to produce an ecofriendly and economic geopolymer concrete.

Research paper thumbnail of Compressive strength of geopolymeric cubes produced from solid wastes of Alum Industry and Drinking Water Treatment Plants

Egyptian Journal of Chemistry, 2019

I N this work, geopolymer is produced from two by-products waste as an alternative environmentall... more I N this work, geopolymer is produced from two by-products waste as an alternative environmentally green construction and building materials without using Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). Water Treatment Sludge (WTS) from Marg Drinking Water Treatment Plants in Cairo and De-Aluminated Kaolin (DAK) from Egyptian Company for Aluminum Sulfate were used in this study. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution was used as an alkaline activator. The effect of the various influential factors on compressive strengths of WTS/DAK geopolymer was investigated. These factors are mixing ingredient (WTS/DAK) ratios and amounts of NaOH of different normality. The mineralogical and chemical compositions of the WTS/DAK wastes were obtained using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) analyses. Results show that the optimum ingredients providing maximum strength are the Na 2 O/SiO 2 ratio of 0.56 and WTS/DAK ratio of 30:70. The development of compressive strengths over curing time of WTS/ DAK geopolymer samples at optimum ingredients (30:70 WTS/DAK, 60 g NaOH 10 N and 70 oC for 72 hours). The compressive strength of WTS/DAK geopolymer gives 17 MPa after 7 days and increased to maximum strength of 22 MPa at 28 days. The compressive strengths obtained comply with the Egyptian Industrial Standards. Moreover, the WTS that traditionally disposed into landfills or drainage canals can be used sustainably in developing cement-free geopolymers with economical and environmental significance.

Research paper thumbnail of Valorization of siliceous wastes of alum industry as an additive for geopolymer cement

In this study an experimental work has been done to test the feasibility of using siliceous waste... more In this study an experimental work has been done to test the feasibility of using siliceous wastes of de-aluminated metakaolin (DK) with metakaolin (MK) in the production of geopolymer concrete. The chemical composition and physical properties of de-aluminated metakaolin was tested. For this purpose, metakaolin (MK) was partially substituted with de-aluminated metakaolin (DK) at ratios of 0–60% by weight. The compressive strength was measured by testing standard cubes at 7 and 28 days. The effect of DK on specific gravity, porosity and mechanical characteristics were tested. The internal microstructure, and hydration were investigated by using modern instruments such as, thermogravimetric/thermogravimetric derivative (TGA/TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The findings assure the potentiality for the application of DK as a pozzolanic material. The results showed that the de-aluminated meta-kaolin mixture is a good pozzolanic ...

Research paper thumbnail of Reduction of Trihalomethane Precursors Using Enhanced Coagulation

Journal of Environmental Science, 2020

Jar tests were conducted to simulate the conventional processes of water treatment. Enhanced coag... more Jar tests were conducted to simulate the conventional processes of water treatment. Enhanced coagulation used the traditional alum that is already applied in water treatment in Egypt, with a comparison with ferric chloride and mixture of alum and ferric chloride, the strategy of enhanced treatment adopted mainly organic matter and THMs beside turbidity, so the doses of coagulant were increased to achieve better removal of THMs which have an health issue. Conventional treatment processes including addition of aluminum sulphate or ferric chloride to the raw water followed by coagulation, sedimentation and rapid sand filtration are important step in water purification. They reduced the organic matter to about 42% and THMs to 37 using the baseline dose (25 mg/l). The enhanced coagulation process by increasing the dose of alum reduced the total organic carbon and THMs to 57 % and 54 % respectively. Using of ferric chloride at a baseline dose reduced TOC and THMs by 40 % and 36% respectively, while enhanced coagulation by increasing the dose of ferric chloride (at a dose of 35 mg/l) raised up the removal of TOC and THMs to 47 % and 44% respectively. The dual coagulant of alum and ferric chloride achieved 47% removal of TOC and 36% for THMs at a dosage of 25 mg/l, while the enhanced coagulation by increasing the dose of duel coagulant of alum and ferric chloride (35 mg/l) raising up the removal of TOC to 61% and THMs to 50%. The advantageous of the dual coagulant is higher reduction of residual aluminum and THMs, this attributed to the enhancement of flocculation which create activated adsorption sites of flocs surfaces.

Research paper thumbnail of Optimization of Thermal Action on Egyptian Kaolinite for Production of Geopolymeric Binder Using Solid Wastes of Aluminum Sulphate Industery in Egypt

Journal of Environmental Science, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of Immobilization of Some Heavy Metals in Geopolymer Based on Water Treatment Sludge and Alum Industry Solid Waste

Alfarama Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences, 2020

This paper investigates the immobilization behaviors of Cd 2+ , Pb 2+ and Hg 2+ ions in a geopoly... more This paper investigates the immobilization behaviors of Cd 2+ , Pb 2+ and Hg 2+ ions in a geopolymer based on water treatment sludge (WTS) and dealuminated metakaolin (DaMK) solid waste from alum industry. For synthesis of WTS/DaMK based geopolymer, five mixes of WTS/DaMK (75/25, 80/20, 85/15, 90/10 and 95/5, respectively) are tested to obtain the optimum synthesis condition based on the compressive strength. Results showed that the geopolymer mortar with 85/15WTS/DaMK has the highest compressive strength (8 MPa). In addition, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) techniques are used to characterize the mineral and chemical compositions of WTS and DaMK. WTS/DaMK based geopolymer mortar have been tested for leaching to study its immobilization behavior under the optimum condition. The Cd 2+ , Pb 2+ and Hg 2+ ions were used and effectively immobilized in this study. The heavy metals with concentrations of 100, 200 and 300 ppm were used in the geopolymer matrix giving about 98% of immobilization efficiency. The study showed that Pb 2+ has the best immobilization efficiency followed by Hg 2+ and Cd 2+ with high concentrations.

Research paper thumbnail of Solidification of Alum Industry Waste for Producing Geopolymer Mortar

The Egyptian Journal of Chemistry, 2020

This paper presents an experimental work, which carried out to test the feasibility of using deal... more This paper presents an experimental work, which carried out to test the feasibility of using dealuminated metakaolin (DaMK) as an additive to metakaolin (MK) in the production of geopolymer concrete. DaMK is produced as a byproduct from the aluminum sulfate industry. The chemical composition and physical properties of DaMK were investigated in this study. Results showed that DaMK is a good pozzolan material, which added to MK by 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, and 70% in producing geopolymer concrete. The compressive strength was measured by testing standard cubes at 7 and 28 days. Satisfactory results are achieved by using 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40% of DaMK. It is recommended to use MK with added proportions of DaMK up to 40% of MK to produce an ecofriendly and economic geopolymer concrete.

Research paper thumbnail of Compressive strength of geopolymeric cubes produced from solid wastes of Alum Industry and Drinking Water Treatment Plants

Egyptian Journal of Chemistry, 2019

I N this work, geopolymer is produced from two by-products waste as an alternative environmentall... more I N this work, geopolymer is produced from two by-products waste as an alternative environmentally green construction and building materials without using Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). Water Treatment Sludge (WTS) from Marg Drinking Water Treatment Plants in Cairo and De-Aluminated Kaolin (DAK) from Egyptian Company for Aluminum Sulfate were used in this study. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution was used as an alkaline activator. The effect of the various influential factors on compressive strengths of WTS/DAK geopolymer was investigated. These factors are mixing ingredient (WTS/DAK) ratios and amounts of NaOH of different normality. The mineralogical and chemical compositions of the WTS/DAK wastes were obtained using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) analyses. Results show that the optimum ingredients providing maximum strength are the Na 2 O/SiO 2 ratio of 0.56 and WTS/DAK ratio of 30:70. The development of compressive strengths over curing time of WTS/ DAK geopolymer samples at optimum ingredients (30:70 WTS/DAK, 60 g NaOH 10 N and 70 oC for 72 hours). The compressive strength of WTS/DAK geopolymer gives 17 MPa after 7 days and increased to maximum strength of 22 MPa at 28 days. The compressive strengths obtained comply with the Egyptian Industrial Standards. Moreover, the WTS that traditionally disposed into landfills or drainage canals can be used sustainably in developing cement-free geopolymers with economical and environmental significance.

Research paper thumbnail of Valorization of siliceous wastes of alum industry as an additive for geopolymer cement

In this study an experimental work has been done to test the feasibility of using siliceous waste... more In this study an experimental work has been done to test the feasibility of using siliceous wastes of de-aluminated metakaolin (DK) with metakaolin (MK) in the production of geopolymer concrete. The chemical composition and physical properties of de-aluminated metakaolin was tested. For this purpose, metakaolin (MK) was partially substituted with de-aluminated metakaolin (DK) at ratios of 0–60% by weight. The compressive strength was measured by testing standard cubes at 7 and 28 days. The effect of DK on specific gravity, porosity and mechanical characteristics were tested. The internal microstructure, and hydration were investigated by using modern instruments such as, thermogravimetric/thermogravimetric derivative (TGA/TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The findings assure the potentiality for the application of DK as a pozzolanic material. The results showed that the de-aluminated meta-kaolin mixture is a good pozzolanic ...