Nadia Fernández - Profile on Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Nadia Fernández

Las bases económicas de la crisis y recuperación del comercio con América (1792-1860): Cuba

En base a las balanzas ineditas de la Habana (1803-1807) y a las balanzas de la isla de Cuba, pub... more En base a las balanzas ineditas de la Habana (1803-1807) y a las balanzas de la isla de Cuba, publicadas desde 1826 a 1864, se ha procedido a analizar el comercio exterior de la isla. Ademas de la documentacion meramente estadistica, hemos manejado otra que completando la primera nos ha posibilitado enmarcar y contextualizar la epoca desde diversos puntos de vista, ya sea a nivel politico, social, cultural, racial, etc ... Dicha informacion se ha podido obtener gracias a los informes consulares britanicos, norteamericanos y franceses hallados en el Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres (Paris), Foreign Office (Londres) y National Archives Trust Fund Board of Unites States (Washington). La riqueza de dichos fondos tanto cuantitativa como cualitativa es primordial si se quiere dar una vision lo mas objetiva y real posible de la situacion reinante a todos los niveles a lo largo del siglo XIX. Asi mismo se pueden ver claramente los distintos intereses de las potencias europeas dominantes en la epoca y sus relaciones exteriores. Completando esta informacion, en la Biblioteca Jose Marti (La Habana) y en la Biblioteca de Linguistica y Literatura (La Habana), se han consultado las memorias de la Sociedad Patriotica de los Amgios del Pais, y los innumerables tratados de epoca sobre las tecnicas azucareras, tabacaleras y cafeteras.

Islas azucareras en el siglo XIX: Cuba, Java y Archipiélago Filipino

Cuba y El Mercado Azucarero en El Siglo XIX

Las Balanzas Inéditas Del Comercio Exterior De La Habana De 1803 a 1807

Este libro ofrece información clasificada por productos, así como su origen y destino. En los año... more Este libro ofrece información clasificada por productos, así como su origen y destino. En los años de paz, con la prohibición de comerciar con el extranjero, se analizan los vínculos mercantiles establecidos en el Imperio español. En los años de guerra, autorizado el comercio con países neutrales, se constatan nuevos nexos mercantiles, que serán los que imperen tras la libertad de comercio. Estas balanzas también permiten precisar el papel de la demanda colonial cubana en el desarrollo de sectores artesanales y agrícolas de la metrópoli, objeto de una rica polémica historiográfica en un reciente pasado.

Del acero al titanio: el caso Guggenheim Bilbao

espanolEn este capitulo se analizan los efectos de la reestructuracion llevada a cabo en Bilbao d... more espanolEn este capitulo se analizan los efectos de la reestructuracion llevada a cabo en Bilbao desde los anos 90 y el papel que ha jugado el museo Guggenheim en esa transformacion. Para ello se profundiza en primer lugar, en los antecedentes del turismo en Bilbao y los planes de ordenacion urbanistica. En segundo lugar, se analiza la construccion del museo en la villa y en tercer lugar, se expone el debate existente entre los autores que consideran indiscutible los efectos positivos del Museo Guggenheim sobre Bilbao y aquellos que matizan dichos resultados. Para ello se evalua el alcance que ha tenido sobre el turismo y el precio del suelo y se finaliza con las principales conclusiones de este trabajo, haciendo hincapie en el papel que tiene los museos en la actualidad. El Museo Guggenheim Bilbao es un instrumento mas dentro de la reestructuracion economica de Bilbao que ha conseguido posicionar a esta ciudad en el ambito internacional. EnglishThis chapter will deal with the effects of the re-structuring that Bilbao underwent in the nineties as well as the role played by the Guggenheim in this transformation. Firstly, we will examine the history of Bilbao's tourism and urban planning. Secondly, the construction of the city's museum will be discussed. Thirdly, we will look into the debate amongst authors that attribute differing importance of the Guggenheim museum to the re-development of Bilbao. To do this, we will evaluate the extent it has had on tourism and the price of land. Finally the main conclusions of this work will stress the important role that museums have today. The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao is a tool in the economic restructuring of Bilbao that has managed to position this city into the international arena.

During the nineteenth century Spain did not import the majority of Cuban tobacco, nor was most of... more During the nineteenth century Spain did not import the majority of Cuban tobacco, nor was most of it consumed in Spain. Spain neither consumed nor re-exported Cuban tobacco. Cuban tobacco, due to its high quality, was too expensive to be able to compete with tobacco of lesser quality which was, therefore, cheaper. The Spanish tax office preferred to take in huge amounts of money by taxing consumption in general rather than promoting Cuban tobacco. For this reason, Spain imported tobacco of mediocre and poor quality and taxed it through the government-licensed tobacconists. However, Cuban tobacco was successful as it could be exported freely in exchange for lower customs duties, thus allowing an increase in production as well as the possibility of reaching, on the international market, prices matching its quality. This paper attempts to discern how Spain grew in its colonies the world's best tobacco but did not consume it nor re-exported it. The analysis of Cuban tobacco exports reveals the most relevant aspects that influenced the consolidation of these circumstances.

La Demande Coloniale De Tissus en Laine: Cuba (1803-1864)

The Economic History Review, 2014

As a direct relationship between individuals, patronage can lubricate social relations and career... more As a direct relationship between individuals, patronage can lubricate social relations and career prospects. Understood differently, it provides support and encouragement to institutions, possibly over a long term. Exercise of patronage in medieval England fits both models, especially in an ecclesiastical context when careers were arranged and posts conferred, or endowments and other gifts demonstrated support and unequal interdependence. The mechanics and mechanisms of patronage and career progression in the medieval church were complicated by the symbiosis of clergy and laity, particularly when lay patrons as owners of advowsons (the right to present to a church benefice) advanced their own interests by providing jobs for their clerical clients and dependents. The patronage of supporting institutions through endowment and string-pulling generally examines links with monasteries and similar religious foundations, but applies elsewhere as well. Gemmill's book addresses both forms of patronage, although the analysis of noble influence on cleric career progression is dominant; the discussions of institutional patronage sometimes have the air of appended afterthoughts. The volume fits well alongside recent work which has also examined patronage relations within the thirteenth-century English church, with a range of distinctive thrusts and foci. The clear strength and value of Gemmill's volume lies in its analysis of noble patronage of clerical careers primarily among the parochial clergy and in lesser collegiate churches, a strand rather neglected in the pre-existing historiography. Beyond the book's thirteenth-century focus, the relative timelessness of the issues covered and the means by which they can be addressed makes the book relevant to wider consideration of the workings of patronage and the exploitation of advowsons throughout the pre-Reformation period. It is a welcome addition to the literature, and timely. Following its introduction, the volume consists of six chapters and a very brief conclusion. After an equally short 'appendix of documents' comes a useful tabulation of presentations to benefices made by the 14 magnates on whose patronage Gemmill chiefly concentrates. (Two of them are earls Edmund of Cornwall and Lancaster; they are easily confused.) Part I offers the main analysis of that activity: chapter 1 is a general discussion of 'Ecclesiastical patronage rights in the thirteenth century'; chapter 2 considers the challenges, opportunities, and complexities arising from 'The exercise and defence of patronage rights'; with chapter 3 looking at the clerical beneficiaries, and patronage as 'Jobs for the boys?'. Part II raises broader considerations: the threat posed to other patrons by the encroachments of 'Acquisitive inquisitive kings' (chapter 4); the ability of the magnates to act together by 'Speaking with one voice' (chapter 5); and the evolutionary potential in the aftermath of the Statute of Mortmain of 1279, 'Looking to the future' (chapter 6). Throughout, the concern with the nobility and their client clerics predominates: the institutional patronage, the support for religious houses, and the incipient transition to chantry foundations after 1279, is a noticeably minor element. Gemmill works with some fairly intractable material. Her main sources for the exercise of patronage are episcopal registers-administrative records erratically introduced and patchily surviving for England's thirteenth-century dioceses, and maintained for bs_bs_banner

Revista de Historia Económica / Journal of Iberian and Latin American Economic History, 2013

ABSTRACTThis article examines the marketing and distribution of foreign fabric, predominantly Eng... more ABSTRACTThis article examines the marketing and distribution of foreign fabric, predominantly English, in the northern sub-plateau of Spain at the beginning of the 18th century using information from a fiscal source. The official tax record used in this study was a specific and special tax levied on cloth imported from countries with which Spain was at war. The details of this tax shed more light on a hotly debated topic with respect to transport and networks in modern Spain and make it possible to analyze and quantify the physical volume as well as the value and the destination of textiles.

Reseñas

Investigaciones de Historia Económica, 2006

As a consequence of the war with Great Britain in December of 1804, the American merchant fleet's... more As a consequence of the war with Great Britain in December of 1804, the American merchant fleet's present was overwhelming, controlling almost all of the Cuban foreign trade. This situation, partly circumstantial, was not fortuitous. The so called Anglo-Americans had been trading with the Antilles and, in particular with Cuba, for many decades. They knew the main routes and had at their disposal a large fleet. The conflicts between the European states that had colonies in the Antilles and the slaves' revolt in the French colonies had a two-fold effect: on one hand, a great part of the West lndies foreign trade was monopolized by the neutral side, and on the other hand the French Caribbean production of colonial goods -especially sugar and coffee-sunk, leaving the world market short of products. Cuba owned many uncultivated lands and a good capacity for production which was enlarged with the immigration of a great number of French colonists that had fled from Santo Domingo, carrying with them capital and technological improvements. Can their side, the United States had vessels, sailors and knowledge about the Atlantic routes. This two fold convergence explains the important changes that affected the Cuban foreign trade between 1803 and 1807. But English and French that had colonies in the Caribbean traded with Cuba legally and illegally, which meant selling manufactured items in exchange for silver. For the United States, towards the end of the XIXth century, Cuba could represent a market for some of its agricultural products, especially flour, as well as a source of colonial products that so far were not available in its land, and considering the balance of trade and that of utilities, it turned out to be positive for them: that is silver 2 . With this item, the North American navigators could enter the Asian trade.

Investigaciones de Historia Económica, 2013

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2010

Cliometrica, 2015

El acceso a la versión del editor puede requerir la suscripción del recurso Access to the publish... more El acceso a la versión del editor puede requerir la suscripción del recurso Access to the published version may require subscription A contribution to the analysis of historical economic fluctuations (1870-2010): filtering, spurious cycles and unobserved component modeling

Procesos económicos, desarrollo tecnológico e instituciones: el papel de la intencionalidad de los agentes*

Crecimiento Agrícola y Comercio Exterior De Cuba Con España, 1790-1810

The interactive implementation of agents’ intentional actions generates new combinations that are... more The interactive implementation of agents’ intentional actions generates new combinations that are at the base of structural change and complexity and produce unexpected consequences. An interesting case of study is provided by the absorption of new technology strategies for development. A common hypothesis is that development requires an institutional arrangement that allows for the exploitation of imported technology. However, historical examples (such as Cuba in the nineteenth century) show how the technological choices of highly innovative entrepreneurial élites may generate a trap of development even though institutions are conveniently adapted to accommodate new technology. To understand the nature of this type of development trap, we introduce a micro-meso-macro analytical approach based on Dopfer & Potts (2008). Institutions and technology are meso rule trajectories that coevolve in an emergence-dissemination-retention process that interacts with both micro units (purposeful ...

If cited or quoted, reference should be made to the full name of the author(s), editor(s), the ti... more If cited or quoted, reference should be made to the full name of the author(s), editor(s), the title, the working paper or other series, the year, and the publisher.

Cuadernos de Economía, 2014

Hegemon; Bienes públicos globales; Economía política Resumen La Historia muestra procesos de conv... more Hegemon; Bienes públicos globales; Economía política Resumen La Historia muestra procesos de convergencia y divergencia en los que los conflictos desempeñan un papel destacado. Si bien el análisis económico de los conflictos ha estado presente siempre en la literatura económica, no ha ocupado un lugar central ni orgánico en el corpus teórico principal. La urgencia y complejidad de los retos globales actuales exige tener en consideración enfoques multidisciplinares en el que se inserten el estudio de los riesgos sistémicos así como la capacidad de respuesta institucional a nivel internacional. Esto supone revisar y superar los planteamientos actuales y dar cabida al conflicto en el análisis. Este breve ensayo plantea y reivindica tales necesidades.

Las bases económicas de la crisis y recuperación del comercio con América (1792-1860): Cuba

En base a las balanzas ineditas de la Habana (1803-1807) y a las balanzas de la isla de Cuba, pub... more En base a las balanzas ineditas de la Habana (1803-1807) y a las balanzas de la isla de Cuba, publicadas desde 1826 a 1864, se ha procedido a analizar el comercio exterior de la isla. Ademas de la documentacion meramente estadistica, hemos manejado otra que completando la primera nos ha posibilitado enmarcar y contextualizar la epoca desde diversos puntos de vista, ya sea a nivel politico, social, cultural, racial, etc ... Dicha informacion se ha podido obtener gracias a los informes consulares britanicos, norteamericanos y franceses hallados en el Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres (Paris), Foreign Office (Londres) y National Archives Trust Fund Board of Unites States (Washington). La riqueza de dichos fondos tanto cuantitativa como cualitativa es primordial si se quiere dar una vision lo mas objetiva y real posible de la situacion reinante a todos los niveles a lo largo del siglo XIX. Asi mismo se pueden ver claramente los distintos intereses de las potencias europeas dominantes en la epoca y sus relaciones exteriores. Completando esta informacion, en la Biblioteca Jose Marti (La Habana) y en la Biblioteca de Linguistica y Literatura (La Habana), se han consultado las memorias de la Sociedad Patriotica de los Amgios del Pais, y los innumerables tratados de epoca sobre las tecnicas azucareras, tabacaleras y cafeteras.

Islas azucareras en el siglo XIX: Cuba, Java y Archipiélago Filipino

Cuba y El Mercado Azucarero en El Siglo XIX

Las Balanzas Inéditas Del Comercio Exterior De La Habana De 1803 a 1807

Este libro ofrece información clasificada por productos, así como su origen y destino. En los año... more Este libro ofrece información clasificada por productos, así como su origen y destino. En los años de paz, con la prohibición de comerciar con el extranjero, se analizan los vínculos mercantiles establecidos en el Imperio español. En los años de guerra, autorizado el comercio con países neutrales, se constatan nuevos nexos mercantiles, que serán los que imperen tras la libertad de comercio. Estas balanzas también permiten precisar el papel de la demanda colonial cubana en el desarrollo de sectores artesanales y agrícolas de la metrópoli, objeto de una rica polémica historiográfica en un reciente pasado.

Del acero al titanio: el caso Guggenheim Bilbao

espanolEn este capitulo se analizan los efectos de la reestructuracion llevada a cabo en Bilbao d... more espanolEn este capitulo se analizan los efectos de la reestructuracion llevada a cabo en Bilbao desde los anos 90 y el papel que ha jugado el museo Guggenheim en esa transformacion. Para ello se profundiza en primer lugar, en los antecedentes del turismo en Bilbao y los planes de ordenacion urbanistica. En segundo lugar, se analiza la construccion del museo en la villa y en tercer lugar, se expone el debate existente entre los autores que consideran indiscutible los efectos positivos del Museo Guggenheim sobre Bilbao y aquellos que matizan dichos resultados. Para ello se evalua el alcance que ha tenido sobre el turismo y el precio del suelo y se finaliza con las principales conclusiones de este trabajo, haciendo hincapie en el papel que tiene los museos en la actualidad. El Museo Guggenheim Bilbao es un instrumento mas dentro de la reestructuracion economica de Bilbao que ha conseguido posicionar a esta ciudad en el ambito internacional. EnglishThis chapter will deal with the effects of the re-structuring that Bilbao underwent in the nineties as well as the role played by the Guggenheim in this transformation. Firstly, we will examine the history of Bilbao's tourism and urban planning. Secondly, the construction of the city's museum will be discussed. Thirdly, we will look into the debate amongst authors that attribute differing importance of the Guggenheim museum to the re-development of Bilbao. To do this, we will evaluate the extent it has had on tourism and the price of land. Finally the main conclusions of this work will stress the important role that museums have today. The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao is a tool in the economic restructuring of Bilbao that has managed to position this city into the international arena.

During the nineteenth century Spain did not import the majority of Cuban tobacco, nor was most of... more During the nineteenth century Spain did not import the majority of Cuban tobacco, nor was most of it consumed in Spain. Spain neither consumed nor re-exported Cuban tobacco. Cuban tobacco, due to its high quality, was too expensive to be able to compete with tobacco of lesser quality which was, therefore, cheaper. The Spanish tax office preferred to take in huge amounts of money by taxing consumption in general rather than promoting Cuban tobacco. For this reason, Spain imported tobacco of mediocre and poor quality and taxed it through the government-licensed tobacconists. However, Cuban tobacco was successful as it could be exported freely in exchange for lower customs duties, thus allowing an increase in production as well as the possibility of reaching, on the international market, prices matching its quality. This paper attempts to discern how Spain grew in its colonies the world's best tobacco but did not consume it nor re-exported it. The analysis of Cuban tobacco exports reveals the most relevant aspects that influenced the consolidation of these circumstances.

La Demande Coloniale De Tissus en Laine: Cuba (1803-1864)

The Economic History Review, 2014

As a direct relationship between individuals, patronage can lubricate social relations and career... more As a direct relationship between individuals, patronage can lubricate social relations and career prospects. Understood differently, it provides support and encouragement to institutions, possibly over a long term. Exercise of patronage in medieval England fits both models, especially in an ecclesiastical context when careers were arranged and posts conferred, or endowments and other gifts demonstrated support and unequal interdependence. The mechanics and mechanisms of patronage and career progression in the medieval church were complicated by the symbiosis of clergy and laity, particularly when lay patrons as owners of advowsons (the right to present to a church benefice) advanced their own interests by providing jobs for their clerical clients and dependents. The patronage of supporting institutions through endowment and string-pulling generally examines links with monasteries and similar religious foundations, but applies elsewhere as well. Gemmill's book addresses both forms of patronage, although the analysis of noble influence on cleric career progression is dominant; the discussions of institutional patronage sometimes have the air of appended afterthoughts. The volume fits well alongside recent work which has also examined patronage relations within the thirteenth-century English church, with a range of distinctive thrusts and foci. The clear strength and value of Gemmill's volume lies in its analysis of noble patronage of clerical careers primarily among the parochial clergy and in lesser collegiate churches, a strand rather neglected in the pre-existing historiography. Beyond the book's thirteenth-century focus, the relative timelessness of the issues covered and the means by which they can be addressed makes the book relevant to wider consideration of the workings of patronage and the exploitation of advowsons throughout the pre-Reformation period. It is a welcome addition to the literature, and timely. Following its introduction, the volume consists of six chapters and a very brief conclusion. After an equally short 'appendix of documents' comes a useful tabulation of presentations to benefices made by the 14 magnates on whose patronage Gemmill chiefly concentrates. (Two of them are earls Edmund of Cornwall and Lancaster; they are easily confused.) Part I offers the main analysis of that activity: chapter 1 is a general discussion of 'Ecclesiastical patronage rights in the thirteenth century'; chapter 2 considers the challenges, opportunities, and complexities arising from 'The exercise and defence of patronage rights'; with chapter 3 looking at the clerical beneficiaries, and patronage as 'Jobs for the boys?'. Part II raises broader considerations: the threat posed to other patrons by the encroachments of 'Acquisitive inquisitive kings' (chapter 4); the ability of the magnates to act together by 'Speaking with one voice' (chapter 5); and the evolutionary potential in the aftermath of the Statute of Mortmain of 1279, 'Looking to the future' (chapter 6). Throughout, the concern with the nobility and their client clerics predominates: the institutional patronage, the support for religious houses, and the incipient transition to chantry foundations after 1279, is a noticeably minor element. Gemmill works with some fairly intractable material. Her main sources for the exercise of patronage are episcopal registers-administrative records erratically introduced and patchily surviving for England's thirteenth-century dioceses, and maintained for bs_bs_banner

Revista de Historia Económica / Journal of Iberian and Latin American Economic History, 2013

ABSTRACTThis article examines the marketing and distribution of foreign fabric, predominantly Eng... more ABSTRACTThis article examines the marketing and distribution of foreign fabric, predominantly English, in the northern sub-plateau of Spain at the beginning of the 18th century using information from a fiscal source. The official tax record used in this study was a specific and special tax levied on cloth imported from countries with which Spain was at war. The details of this tax shed more light on a hotly debated topic with respect to transport and networks in modern Spain and make it possible to analyze and quantify the physical volume as well as the value and the destination of textiles.

Reseñas

Investigaciones de Historia Económica, 2006

As a consequence of the war with Great Britain in December of 1804, the American merchant fleet's... more As a consequence of the war with Great Britain in December of 1804, the American merchant fleet's present was overwhelming, controlling almost all of the Cuban foreign trade. This situation, partly circumstantial, was not fortuitous. The so called Anglo-Americans had been trading with the Antilles and, in particular with Cuba, for many decades. They knew the main routes and had at their disposal a large fleet. The conflicts between the European states that had colonies in the Antilles and the slaves' revolt in the French colonies had a two-fold effect: on one hand, a great part of the West lndies foreign trade was monopolized by the neutral side, and on the other hand the French Caribbean production of colonial goods -especially sugar and coffee-sunk, leaving the world market short of products. Cuba owned many uncultivated lands and a good capacity for production which was enlarged with the immigration of a great number of French colonists that had fled from Santo Domingo, carrying with them capital and technological improvements. Can their side, the United States had vessels, sailors and knowledge about the Atlantic routes. This two fold convergence explains the important changes that affected the Cuban foreign trade between 1803 and 1807. But English and French that had colonies in the Caribbean traded with Cuba legally and illegally, which meant selling manufactured items in exchange for silver. For the United States, towards the end of the XIXth century, Cuba could represent a market for some of its agricultural products, especially flour, as well as a source of colonial products that so far were not available in its land, and considering the balance of trade and that of utilities, it turned out to be positive for them: that is silver 2 . With this item, the North American navigators could enter the Asian trade.

Investigaciones de Historia Económica, 2013

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2010

Cliometrica, 2015

El acceso a la versión del editor puede requerir la suscripción del recurso Access to the publish... more El acceso a la versión del editor puede requerir la suscripción del recurso Access to the published version may require subscription A contribution to the analysis of historical economic fluctuations (1870-2010): filtering, spurious cycles and unobserved component modeling

Procesos económicos, desarrollo tecnológico e instituciones: el papel de la intencionalidad de los agentes*

Crecimiento Agrícola y Comercio Exterior De Cuba Con España, 1790-1810

The interactive implementation of agents’ intentional actions generates new combinations that are... more The interactive implementation of agents’ intentional actions generates new combinations that are at the base of structural change and complexity and produce unexpected consequences. An interesting case of study is provided by the absorption of new technology strategies for development. A common hypothesis is that development requires an institutional arrangement that allows for the exploitation of imported technology. However, historical examples (such as Cuba in the nineteenth century) show how the technological choices of highly innovative entrepreneurial élites may generate a trap of development even though institutions are conveniently adapted to accommodate new technology. To understand the nature of this type of development trap, we introduce a micro-meso-macro analytical approach based on Dopfer & Potts (2008). Institutions and technology are meso rule trajectories that coevolve in an emergence-dissemination-retention process that interacts with both micro units (purposeful ...

If cited or quoted, reference should be made to the full name of the author(s), editor(s), the ti... more If cited or quoted, reference should be made to the full name of the author(s), editor(s), the title, the working paper or other series, the year, and the publisher.

Cuadernos de Economía, 2014

Hegemon; Bienes públicos globales; Economía política Resumen La Historia muestra procesos de conv... more Hegemon; Bienes públicos globales; Economía política Resumen La Historia muestra procesos de convergencia y divergencia en los que los conflictos desempeñan un papel destacado. Si bien el análisis económico de los conflictos ha estado presente siempre en la literatura económica, no ha ocupado un lugar central ni orgánico en el corpus teórico principal. La urgencia y complejidad de los retos globales actuales exige tener en consideración enfoques multidisciplinares en el que se inserten el estudio de los riesgos sistémicos así como la capacidad de respuesta institucional a nivel internacional. Esto supone revisar y superar los planteamientos actuales y dar cabida al conflicto en el análisis. Este breve ensayo plantea y reivindica tales necesidades.