Nandini Basumallick - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Uploads

Papers by Nandini Basumallick

IEEE Sensors Journal, Apr 1, 2023

The sensitivity of a specific dispersed clad mode and a normal clad mode of a Long Period Grating... more The sensitivity of a specific dispersed clad mode and a normal clad mode of a Long Period Grating (LPG) near Turn Around Point (TAP) to surrounding refractive index in the range of 1.3332-1.3348 has been studied experimentally. We could attain a sensitivity of ~2413 nm/RIU using LP 0, 11 dispersed clad mode of a TAP-LPG with ~3dB attenuation at resonance. I.

Biosensors

A methodology to enhance the sensitivity of long-period fiber gratings (LPFGs) based on the combi... more A methodology to enhance the sensitivity of long-period fiber gratings (LPFGs) based on the combination of three different enhancement approaches is presented; the methods here adopted are the working near mode transition (MT) of a cladding mode (CM), working near the turn-around point of a CM and the enhancement of the evanescent field of CMs by reducing the cladding diameter or by increasing the order number of CMs. In order to combine these enhancement methodologies, an electrostatic self-assembly (ESA) process was used to deposit a polymeric overlay, with a chosen thickness, onto the etched fiber. The add-layer sensitivity of the sensor was theoretically calculated, and the demonstration of the real applicability of the developed LPFG as a biosensor was performed by means of an IgG/anti-IgG immunoassay in human serum in a thermostated microfluidic system. The limits of detection (LODs) calculated by following different procedures (three times the standard deviation of the blank ...

Asia Communications and Photonics Conference/International Conference on Information Photonics and Optical Communications 2020 (ACP/IPOC), 2020

Bio-chemical sensing applications are usually performed in water or buffer solution where a conve... more Bio-chemical sensing applications are usually performed in water or buffer solution where a conventional long period fiber grating (LPFG) has low sensitivity. For this purpose, it is necessary to enhance the sensitivity of LPFGs within this refractive index (RI) region. Different optimization methodologies are here described and three experimental approaches that exhibit the evolution in term of sensitivity are reported.

IEEE Sensors Journal, 2021

We report our experimental study on the add-layer sensitivity of LP_0,11 cl... more We report our experimental study on the add-layer sensitivity of LP_0,11 cladding mode (CM) of Long Period Fiber Grating (LPFG) near turn around point (TAP). The CM response was tuned by controlled modification of the cladding diameter and deposition of overlay layers of polymer material. In this process an add-layer sensitivity of 2.308 nm<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_{WL}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>/nm<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_{TH}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> has been achieved. It is interesting to observe that add-layer sensitivity obtained in this process is close to the sensitivity of the same CM operated near the mode transition (MT). The advantage is that, the sensor designed as per the proposed methodology will not be plagued by the basic limitations of operating a CM near MT, i.e. loss of contrast of the resonant band and limited dynamic range. In our experiment, the dynamic range has found to be ~100 nm where the contrast remains greater than −10 dB throughout the range of measurement which is practically impossible to get for any CM operating at MT. The experimental result was supported by theoretical calculations. Also the SRI sensitivity of the sensor was found out to be 6400 nm/ SRIU.

25th International Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors, 2017

Long period fiber grating (LPFG) has been actively researched in bio-sensing applications owing t... more Long period fiber grating (LPFG) has been actively researched in bio-sensing applications owing to its ability to sense refractive index (RI) of the surrounding medium. We investigate on the adequacy of the present state of the art to quantify adsorption of bio-molecules on the surface of the fiber confined within few tens of nanometers and possible improvements in the design of sensors suitable for bio-sensing applications.

Lecture notes in electrical engineering, Jun 29, 2022

Sensors

A new methodology to enhance the sensitivity of a long period fiber grating sensor (LPFG) at the ... more A new methodology to enhance the sensitivity of a long period fiber grating sensor (LPFG) at the Turn Around Point (TAP) is here presented. The LPFG sensor has been fabricated by etching the fiber up to 20.4 µm, until the sidelobes of dispersed LP0,2 cladding mode appeared near TAP in aqueous medium. The dual peak sensitivity of the sidelobes was found to be 16,044 nm/SRIU (surrounding refractive index units) in the RI range from 1.333 to 1.3335.

Lecture notes in electrical engineering, Jun 29, 2022

2016 IEEE Conference on Recent Advances in Lightwave Technology (CRALT), 2016

In this paper we report significant enhancement of the bulk refractometric sensitivity of long pe... more In this paper we report significant enhancement of the bulk refractometric sensitivity of long period fiber grating (LPFG) based sensors with deposition of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) over the surface of the LPFG. Anomalous change in refractive index (RI) of GNPs with change in surrounding RI (SRI) has been used to enhance the sensitivity of the sensor. It has been shown both experimentally and theoretically that the GNPs acts like a sensitivity amplification layer for LPFG based sensors. These high sensitive sensors will be very useful in case of chemical or bio-chemical sensing.

Lecture notes in electrical engineering, Jun 29, 2022

Sensors

A new methodology to enhance the sensitivity of a long period fiber grating sensor (LPFG) at the ... more A new methodology to enhance the sensitivity of a long period fiber grating sensor (LPFG) at the Turn Around Point (TAP) is here presented. The LPFG sensor has been fabricated by etching the fiber up to 20.4 µm, until the sidelobes of dispersed LP0,2 cladding mode appeared near TAP in aqueous medium. The dual peak sensitivity of the sidelobes was found to be 16,044 nm/SRIU (surrounding refractive index units) in the RI range from 1.333 to 1.3335.

Optics and Laser Technology, 2021

A long period fiber grating has been fabricated by combining two sensitivity enhancement techniqu... more A long period fiber grating has been fabricated by combining two sensitivity enhancement techniques, the turn around point (TAP) and the maximum enhancement of the evanescent field by obtaining the lowest order cladding mode (LP0,2 cladding mode). A label-free immunoglobulin G/anti immunoglobulin G (IgG/anti-IgG) immunoassay in serum has been performed with the sensor inside a thermostated closed flow cell. Real time kinetics of the IgG and anti-IgG binding has been monitored and evaluated. By measuring the dual peak resonance of the LP0,2 cladding mode, a limit of detection of 0.16 ng/ml (1.06 pM) for anti-IgG has been achieved.

Sensors

A new methodology to enhance the sensitivity of a long period fiber grating sensor (LPFG) at the ... more A new methodology to enhance the sensitivity of a long period fiber grating sensor (LPFG) at the Turn Around Point (TAP) is here presented. The LPFG sensor has been fabricated by etching the fiber up to 20.4 µm, until the sidelobes of dispersed LP0,2 cladding mode appeared near TAP in aqueous medium. The dual peak sensitivity of the sidelobes was found to be 16,044 nm/SRIU (surrounding refractive index units) in the RI range from 1.333 to 1.3335.

Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2021

In the world today, civil infrastructure plays a major role in the advancement of the modern age.... more In the world today, civil infrastructure plays a major role in the advancement of the modern age. They are huge in scale, complex in their behaviour and create great impact in everyday life. To ensure safety of these structures, assessment of their structural integrity is an important and challenging task. The sole purpose of structural health monitoring is to detect damage in the structures and suggest suitable rehabilitation measures. Various sensors are employed to achieve the task of damage detection and establish a warning system to avoid failure of the structures. For large structures, long-gauge Fibre Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors which are sensitive to the global behaviour, can be suitably used for this purpose. However, health monitoring of a structure with large number of sensors is expensive and hence there is a need to optimize the number of sensors deployed to minimize the cost of the exercise without compromising on performance assessment. For this purpose, several optim...

2016 IEEE Conference on Recent Advances in Lightwave Technology (CRALT), 2016

In this paper we report significant enhancement of the bulk refractometric sensitivity of long pe... more In this paper we report significant enhancement of the bulk refractometric sensitivity of long period fiber grating (LPFG) based sensors with deposition of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) over the surface of the LPFG. Anomalous change in refractive index (RI) of GNPs with change in surrounding RI (SRI) has been used to enhance the sensitivity of the sensor. It has been shown both experimentally and theoretically that the GNPs acts like a sensitivity amplification layer for LPFG based sensors. These high sensitive sensors will be very useful in case of chemical or bio-chemical sensing.

IEEE Sensors Journal, Apr 1, 2023

The sensitivity of a specific dispersed clad mode and a normal clad mode of a Long Period Grating... more The sensitivity of a specific dispersed clad mode and a normal clad mode of a Long Period Grating (LPG) near Turn Around Point (TAP) to surrounding refractive index in the range of 1.3332-1.3348 has been studied experimentally. We could attain a sensitivity of ~2413 nm/RIU using LP 0, 11 dispersed clad mode of a TAP-LPG with ~3dB attenuation at resonance. I.

Biosensors

A methodology to enhance the sensitivity of long-period fiber gratings (LPFGs) based on the combi... more A methodology to enhance the sensitivity of long-period fiber gratings (LPFGs) based on the combination of three different enhancement approaches is presented; the methods here adopted are the working near mode transition (MT) of a cladding mode (CM), working near the turn-around point of a CM and the enhancement of the evanescent field of CMs by reducing the cladding diameter or by increasing the order number of CMs. In order to combine these enhancement methodologies, an electrostatic self-assembly (ESA) process was used to deposit a polymeric overlay, with a chosen thickness, onto the etched fiber. The add-layer sensitivity of the sensor was theoretically calculated, and the demonstration of the real applicability of the developed LPFG as a biosensor was performed by means of an IgG/anti-IgG immunoassay in human serum in a thermostated microfluidic system. The limits of detection (LODs) calculated by following different procedures (three times the standard deviation of the blank ...

Asia Communications and Photonics Conference/International Conference on Information Photonics and Optical Communications 2020 (ACP/IPOC), 2020

Bio-chemical sensing applications are usually performed in water or buffer solution where a conve... more Bio-chemical sensing applications are usually performed in water or buffer solution where a conventional long period fiber grating (LPFG) has low sensitivity. For this purpose, it is necessary to enhance the sensitivity of LPFGs within this refractive index (RI) region. Different optimization methodologies are here described and three experimental approaches that exhibit the evolution in term of sensitivity are reported.

IEEE Sensors Journal, 2021

We report our experimental study on the add-layer sensitivity of LP_0,11 cl... more We report our experimental study on the add-layer sensitivity of LP_0,11 cladding mode (CM) of Long Period Fiber Grating (LPFG) near turn around point (TAP). The CM response was tuned by controlled modification of the cladding diameter and deposition of overlay layers of polymer material. In this process an add-layer sensitivity of 2.308 nm<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_{WL}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>/nm<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_{TH}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> has been achieved. It is interesting to observe that add-layer sensitivity obtained in this process is close to the sensitivity of the same CM operated near the mode transition (MT). The advantage is that, the sensor designed as per the proposed methodology will not be plagued by the basic limitations of operating a CM near MT, i.e. loss of contrast of the resonant band and limited dynamic range. In our experiment, the dynamic range has found to be ~100 nm where the contrast remains greater than −10 dB throughout the range of measurement which is practically impossible to get for any CM operating at MT. The experimental result was supported by theoretical calculations. Also the SRI sensitivity of the sensor was found out to be 6400 nm/ SRIU.

25th International Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors, 2017

Long period fiber grating (LPFG) has been actively researched in bio-sensing applications owing t... more Long period fiber grating (LPFG) has been actively researched in bio-sensing applications owing to its ability to sense refractive index (RI) of the surrounding medium. We investigate on the adequacy of the present state of the art to quantify adsorption of bio-molecules on the surface of the fiber confined within few tens of nanometers and possible improvements in the design of sensors suitable for bio-sensing applications.

Lecture notes in electrical engineering, Jun 29, 2022

Sensors

A new methodology to enhance the sensitivity of a long period fiber grating sensor (LPFG) at the ... more A new methodology to enhance the sensitivity of a long period fiber grating sensor (LPFG) at the Turn Around Point (TAP) is here presented. The LPFG sensor has been fabricated by etching the fiber up to 20.4 µm, until the sidelobes of dispersed LP0,2 cladding mode appeared near TAP in aqueous medium. The dual peak sensitivity of the sidelobes was found to be 16,044 nm/SRIU (surrounding refractive index units) in the RI range from 1.333 to 1.3335.

Lecture notes in electrical engineering, Jun 29, 2022

2016 IEEE Conference on Recent Advances in Lightwave Technology (CRALT), 2016

In this paper we report significant enhancement of the bulk refractometric sensitivity of long pe... more In this paper we report significant enhancement of the bulk refractometric sensitivity of long period fiber grating (LPFG) based sensors with deposition of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) over the surface of the LPFG. Anomalous change in refractive index (RI) of GNPs with change in surrounding RI (SRI) has been used to enhance the sensitivity of the sensor. It has been shown both experimentally and theoretically that the GNPs acts like a sensitivity amplification layer for LPFG based sensors. These high sensitive sensors will be very useful in case of chemical or bio-chemical sensing.

Lecture notes in electrical engineering, Jun 29, 2022

Sensors

A new methodology to enhance the sensitivity of a long period fiber grating sensor (LPFG) at the ... more A new methodology to enhance the sensitivity of a long period fiber grating sensor (LPFG) at the Turn Around Point (TAP) is here presented. The LPFG sensor has been fabricated by etching the fiber up to 20.4 µm, until the sidelobes of dispersed LP0,2 cladding mode appeared near TAP in aqueous medium. The dual peak sensitivity of the sidelobes was found to be 16,044 nm/SRIU (surrounding refractive index units) in the RI range from 1.333 to 1.3335.

Optics and Laser Technology, 2021

A long period fiber grating has been fabricated by combining two sensitivity enhancement techniqu... more A long period fiber grating has been fabricated by combining two sensitivity enhancement techniques, the turn around point (TAP) and the maximum enhancement of the evanescent field by obtaining the lowest order cladding mode (LP0,2 cladding mode). A label-free immunoglobulin G/anti immunoglobulin G (IgG/anti-IgG) immunoassay in serum has been performed with the sensor inside a thermostated closed flow cell. Real time kinetics of the IgG and anti-IgG binding has been monitored and evaluated. By measuring the dual peak resonance of the LP0,2 cladding mode, a limit of detection of 0.16 ng/ml (1.06 pM) for anti-IgG has been achieved.

Sensors

A new methodology to enhance the sensitivity of a long period fiber grating sensor (LPFG) at the ... more A new methodology to enhance the sensitivity of a long period fiber grating sensor (LPFG) at the Turn Around Point (TAP) is here presented. The LPFG sensor has been fabricated by etching the fiber up to 20.4 µm, until the sidelobes of dispersed LP0,2 cladding mode appeared near TAP in aqueous medium. The dual peak sensitivity of the sidelobes was found to be 16,044 nm/SRIU (surrounding refractive index units) in the RI range from 1.333 to 1.3335.

Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2021

In the world today, civil infrastructure plays a major role in the advancement of the modern age.... more In the world today, civil infrastructure plays a major role in the advancement of the modern age. They are huge in scale, complex in their behaviour and create great impact in everyday life. To ensure safety of these structures, assessment of their structural integrity is an important and challenging task. The sole purpose of structural health monitoring is to detect damage in the structures and suggest suitable rehabilitation measures. Various sensors are employed to achieve the task of damage detection and establish a warning system to avoid failure of the structures. For large structures, long-gauge Fibre Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors which are sensitive to the global behaviour, can be suitably used for this purpose. However, health monitoring of a structure with large number of sensors is expensive and hence there is a need to optimize the number of sensors deployed to minimize the cost of the exercise without compromising on performance assessment. For this purpose, several optim...

2016 IEEE Conference on Recent Advances in Lightwave Technology (CRALT), 2016

In this paper we report significant enhancement of the bulk refractometric sensitivity of long pe... more In this paper we report significant enhancement of the bulk refractometric sensitivity of long period fiber grating (LPFG) based sensors with deposition of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) over the surface of the LPFG. Anomalous change in refractive index (RI) of GNPs with change in surrounding RI (SRI) has been used to enhance the sensitivity of the sensor. It has been shown both experimentally and theoretically that the GNPs acts like a sensitivity amplification layer for LPFG based sensors. These high sensitive sensors will be very useful in case of chemical or bio-chemical sensing.