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Papers by Nasreen Jahan

Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research

Withania somnifera Dunal. is a well known Indian medicinal plant widely used in the treatment of ... more Withania somnifera Dunal. is a well known Indian medicinal plant widely used in the treatment of many clinical conditions in India. It is an important drug commonly known as Asgand which has been used either single or in combination with other drugs in Unani as well as Ayurvedic system of medicine for centuries. Withania somnifera holds a place in Ayurveda similar to that of ginseng has in Chinese medicine. Asgand is commonly known as Indian ginseng or Indian winter cherry. It has been described by Dioscorides (78 AD) in his book “Kitab-ul-Hashaish”. The objective of this paper is to review the literature regarding Withania somnifera Dunal. The search was carried out through Unani classical books via library, ethno botanical literature, journals and electronic search. Asgand consists of the roots of Withania somnifera which has various therapeutic actions such as female disorders, cough, rheumatism and dropsy and as a sedative in case of senile debility. Chemical analysis of Asgand ...

Biskhapra (Trianthema portulacastrum Linn.) belongs to the family Aizoacae. It is an annual herb ... more Biskhapra (Trianthema portulacastrum Linn.) belongs to the family Aizoacae. It is an annual herb found in tropical and sub tropical region and almost throughout the India as a weed in cultivated and wastelands. Biskhapra is a well notorious drug in Unani system of medicine for its extensive use in urinary system as diuretic (Mudirre Baul), in ascites, anasarca, cystitis in case of dribbling of urine, in dropsy, edema and ascites. Decoction of herb is used as an antidote in alcohol poisoning, also used in rheumatism and as a vermifuge. It has action like aantipyretic, antidote, expectorant, detergent, carminative, resolvent, diuretic, appetizer and astringent. Major chemical constituents are alkaloids, trianthemine, punarnavin, ecdysterone, tetraterpenoid, 3, 4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid, β- cynin and saponins. It exhibits marked dose dependent protection against hepatotoxicity in mice and rat. It also reported nephroprotective, diuretic, anti-cancerous, antihelmintic, antipyretic, analg...

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, 2021

Background: Though a number of studies has been carried out in terms of safety of Kushta but co... more Background: Though a number of studies has been carried out in terms of safety of Kushta but concerns have been raised about the presence of heavy metals in Unani formulations. Classical method of preparation of KKH and other Kushta preparation in Unani system of medicine has been found to eliminate all such issues from the end product. Hence; the present study was designed to evaluate the acute and sub-acute toxicity study of KKH prepared by Classical and Muffle furnace methods. Objective: To ascertain the safety profile of Kushta Khabasul Hadeed (KKH) prepared by classical and muffle furnace methods. Materials and methods: Both of the samples of KKH i.e. Kushta Khabasul Hadeed (KKHCM) and Kushta Khabasul Hadeed (KKHMFM) prepared by Classical and Muffle Furnace Methods respectively were evaluated for acute and sub-acute toxicity by OECD guidelines 423 and 407 respectively. The starting dose in the acute test was 50 mg/kg and in sub-acute test, it was 134mg, 200 mg and 400 mg/kg b...

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oct 1, 2022

The objective of present review was to provide comprehensive information on Cinnamomum camphora L... more The objective of present review was to provide comprehensive information on Cinnamomum camphora L. on its ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemical, and pharmacological activities and provide insights into potential opportunities for future research. A thorough literature search was done to gather all the available updates on Kafūr for its mizāj (temperament), medicinal properties, and traditional uses. Classical Unani books and books on ethnomedicine and ethnobotany in English were referred for literature review. The information on phytochemical and pharmacological activities of C. camphora was collected from PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Research Gate using keywords C. camphora, Kafūr, kapur, and camphor. The species name was checked with www. theplantlist. org. The material published in Urdu, Persian, Arabic, and English was included in the review. C. camphora is used as an analgesic and antiseptic in Unani and other traditional systems of medicine for a long. It possesses various bioactive compounds viz. terpenoids, flavonoids, glycosides, coumarins, fatty acids, lignans, alkaloids, etc. Out of all these, camphor is one of the volatile compounds which has many pharmacological activities including anti-nociceptive, anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, antimicrobial, wound healing, and hepatoprotective.

Discovery Phytomedicine, 2015

Oxalis corniculata is commonly known as Indian wood Sorrel. In Unani it is called as Hummaz and d... more Oxalis corniculata is commonly known as Indian wood Sorrel. In Unani it is called as Hummaz and distributed in the whole northern temperate zone, United State of America, Arizona and throughout India. Oxalis corniculata is used in Unani medicine in the management of liver disorders, jaundice, skin diseases, urinary diseases etc. The plant been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like liver tonic, appetizer, diuretic, anthelmintic, emmenagogue, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-pyretic, blood purifier etc. Here we summarize the therapeutic potential of Oxalis corniculata.

Journal of the American Dietetic Association

Natural Product …, 2008

Gum acacia is a potent drug having diverse pharmacological effects and wide therapeutic potential... more Gum acacia is a potent drug having diverse pharmacological effects and wide therapeutic potential. It is used in diarrhoea and dysentery, irritations and ulcers of the stomach and intestine. It is also used in haemoptysis, bleeding piles, menorrhagia, leucorrhoea and spermatorrhoea. Keeping in view the high medicinal importance physico-chemical studies of the drug obtained from Dawakhana Tibbiya College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh has been done. The parameters applied for the present study include extractive value, ash value, moisture content, TLC, pH value, qualitative phytochemical studies and fluorescent analysis.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2021

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ammi majus L. (Aatrilal) a member of the family Apiaceae, is nativ... more ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ammi majus L. (Aatrilal) a member of the family Apiaceae, is native to Egypt and widely distributed in Europe, the Mediterranean, and West Asia. It has been used for the treatment of various dermatological disorders particularly vitiligo in the Unani system of Medicine for ages. In traditional medicine, fruits are used as an emmenagogue as well as a diuretic, blood purifier and to treat leprosy, urinary and digestive disorders. AIM OF THE REVIEW This paper aims to highlight the medicinal properties of Aatrilal in view of its temperament and phytoconstituents; to signify its potential in the treatment of vitiligo and other ailments as mentioned in Unani system of medicine and also to explore its phytochemistry, pharmacological and clinical studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Aatrilal was explored in classical Unani literature for its temperament (mizaj), medicinal properties and therapeutic uses. Published works available on PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were referred to collect all the available information regarding its phytochemicals and pharmacological studies. All relevant articles up to 2020 were referred including 15 classical Unani books, 15 English books, 72 research, and 3 review papers. The plant's scientific names were validated using 'The Plant List' (www.theplantlist.org). Standard Unani Medical Terminology published by Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine in collaboration with the World Health Organization was used to describe the appropriate Unani terminologies. Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants and different indexed journals were consulted for botanical and English names. RESULTS Aatrilal has been used in traditional medicine for ages. Due to controversies in its identity, it was adulterated and substituted with many drugs. The real identity of Aatrilal is now established as the fruit of A. majus L. Despite having numerous pharmacological activities, it is considered the first-line drug for the treatment of vitiligo. It is a rich source of furanocoumarins (xanthotoxin, also known as 8-methoxypsoralen, bergapten, imperatorin, isopimpinellin) with other compounds viz. flavonoids, terpenoids, proteins, essential oil constituents, etc. It has been reported for anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antibacterial, antiviral, cytotoxic, and many other activities. Clinical trials have shown the therapeutic potential in vitiligo and other skin disorders. CONCLUSION Based on the available literature, it can be concluded that Aatrilal is a drug that has been effectively used in Unani system of medicine for centuries to treat the cases of vitiligo and other dermatological disorders. It has been studied extensively for its phytopharmacological properties. Raw extracts of A. majus form the crux of the main research. Many potentially bioactive compounds are included in the essential oil, but to our knowledge, no detailed studies of its biological activity are yet available. Therefore, our suggestion is to focus future research on essential oil and its ingredients.

International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Mar 27, 2015

The anti-ulcer activity of hydro alcoholic extract of Rhus coriaria Linn (HAERC) was investigated... more The anti-ulcer activity of hydro alcoholic extract of Rhus coriaria Linn (HAERC) was investigated in indomethacin and water immersion-induced restraint gastric ulcer in wistar rats. The assessment was carried out by using ulcer index, ulcer score and histopathological studies of the specimens. HAERC at doses of 145 and 248 mg/kg given orally produced significant inhibition of the gastric lesions induced by indomethacin and water immersion restraint method, and the results were comparable to the standard treatment regime. We observed that R. coriaria Linn extract exhibits significant anti ulcer activity and thus supports the Unani claims about the drug.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2021

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ammi majus L. (Aatrilal) a member of the family Apiaceae, is nativ... more ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ammi majus L. (Aatrilal) a member of the family Apiaceae, is native to Egypt and widely distributed in Europe, the Mediterranean, and West Asia. It has been used for the treatment of various dermatological disorders particularly vitiligo in the Unani system of Medicine for ages. In traditional medicine, fruits are used as an emmenagogue as well as a diuretic, blood purifier and to treat leprosy, urinary and digestive disorders. AIM OF THE REVIEW This paper aims to highlight the medicinal properties of Aatrilal in view of its temperament and phytoconstituents; to signify its potential in the treatment of vitiligo and other ailments as mentioned in Unani system of medicine and also to explore its phytochemistry, pharmacological and clinical studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Aatrilal was explored in classical Unani literature for its temperament (mizaj), medicinal properties and therapeutic uses. Published works available on PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were referred to collect all the available information regarding its phytochemicals and pharmacological studies. All relevant articles up to 2020 were referred including 15 classical Unani books, 15 English books, 72 research, and 3 review papers. The plant's scientific names were validated using 'The Plant List' (www.theplantlist.org). Standard Unani Medical Terminology published by Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine in collaboration with the World Health Organization was used to describe the appropriate Unani terminologies. Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants and different indexed journals were consulted for botanical and English names. RESULTS Aatrilal has been used in traditional medicine for ages. Due to controversies in its identity, it was adulterated and substituted with many drugs. The real identity of Aatrilal is now established as the fruit of A. majus L. Despite having numerous pharmacological activities, it is considered the first-line drug for the treatment of vitiligo. It is a rich source of furanocoumarins (xanthotoxin, also known as 8-methoxypsoralen, bergapten, imperatorin, isopimpinellin) with other compounds viz. flavonoids, terpenoids, proteins, essential oil constituents, etc. It has been reported for anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antibacterial, antiviral, cytotoxic, and many other activities. Clinical trials have shown the therapeutic potential in vitiligo and other skin disorders. CONCLUSION Based on the available literature, it can be concluded that Aatrilal is a drug that has been effectively used in Unani system of medicine for centuries to treat the cases of vitiligo and other dermatological disorders. It has been studied extensively for its phytopharmacological properties. Raw extracts of A. majus form the crux of the main research. Many potentially bioactive compounds are included in the essential oil, but to our knowledge, no detailed studies of its biological activity are yet available. Therefore, our suggestion is to focus future research on essential oil and its ingredients.

Apium graveolens Linn commonly known as salad and Karafs in Unani literature, belongs to the fami... more Apium graveolens Linn commonly known as salad and Karafs in Unani literature, belongs to the family Apiaceae. Karafs is used in many diseases and is considered as one of the best diuretic and lithotriptic according to Unani literature.

Plants are one of the most important sources of medicines. Basil (Ocimum basilicum Linn.) is one ... more Plants are one of the most important sources of medicines. Basil (Ocimum basilicum Linn.) is one such plant which symbolizes all that is wondrous in nature because, the whole plant has been used as traditional medicine for household remedy against various human ailments from antiquity. The objective of this paper is to review the literature regarding Ocimum basilicum, specifically for its chemical properties, therapeutic benefits and scientific studies. This review consists of all publications relevant to Ocimum basilicum that were identified by the authors through a systemic search of major computerized medical database. Studies indicate Ocimum basilicum to possess analgesic, anti inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti ulcerogenic, cardiac stimulant, chemomodulatory, CNS depressant, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, immunomodulator and larvicidal activities. The drug was also searched for its folkloric claims. It is used in traditional medicine as a tonic and v...

Unani and Arab (700-1200 AD) physicians wrote about the medicinal properties of Lac in their book... more Unani and Arab (700-1200 AD) physicians wrote about the medicinal properties of Lac in their books. Basically Lac is Indian origin drug, so they were confused earlier about the exact source and wrongly described it as plant origin drug, but were well versed with its medicinal properties and uses. All the great Unani physicians like Zakaria Razi, Majoosi, Ibn Sina, Rabban Tabri, Ibn Rushd, Ibn Bitar, Ibrahim Al Maghrabi, Hakeem Abdul Hakeem, Najmul Ghani, Jurjani and Kabeeruddin indicate extensively the medicinal use of Lac for various diseases in their respective books and treatises. Abu Hanifa also recommends its use as a medicine. 71 various methods are described for the processing of crude drugs in unani literature. Crude lac which is purchased from market or collected from any other source contains contamination like dirt, dust, insect’s remains, bird droppings, tree parts, branches, twinges and leaves etc. Before use these impurities have to be removed. Processing is done eithe...

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine

Background Habbe Gule Aakh is extensively used in Unani medicine for anti-inflammatory and analge... more Background Habbe Gule Aakh is extensively used in Unani medicine for anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity. Objective To evaluate anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Habbe Gule Aakh on Wistar rats and Swiss mice of either sex. Materials and methods The study was carried out in Wistar rats for anti-inflammatory activity while Swiss mice were used for analgesic activity. In both the tests animals were divided into five groups of six animals each which served as control, standard and test groups A, B and C. For anti-inflammatory activity, method reported by Amman was followed. For analgesic activity, Koster's protocol was adapted. Results Significant (P < 0.01) reduction in the paw volume was noted in all the test groups but less than the standard drug. Mean writhes of group B and C reduced significantly (P < 0.01) demonstrating analgesic effect. Conclusion The study validated the claim of Unani medicine of use of Habbe Gule Aakh in inflammation and pain. Further, phytochemical studies are needed to know the exact mechanism of action of this formulation.

Journal of Herbal Medicine, 2017

Abstract Unani Medicine, an age old system of medicine which is widely practiced in south Asia, d... more Abstract Unani Medicine, an age old system of medicine which is widely practiced in south Asia, draws on the ancient traditional systems of medicine in China, Egypt, India, Iraq, Persia and Syria. It uses remedies of plant, animal and mineral origin which can treat a number of diseases successfully. These remedies, whose efficacy is evident mainly from observation, have been prized for centuries. Although some of the medicines have been examined to investigate their efficacy and possible mechanism of action, many have not yet been documented. It is therefore timely to look at these unexplored remedies in order to understand and make best use of their acknowledged effects. Urolithiasis (the development of kidney calculi or stones) is a complex process resulting as a consequence of an imbalance between promoters and inhibitors in the kidney. The etiology is multifactorial, but strongly related to dietary habits and lifestyle. Calculi in the urinary tract have been mentioned in the literature of Unani medicine under the headings Hasate Kulliyah (kidney stone), Hasate Masana (bladder stone) and Hasate Kulliya wa Masana (kidney and bladder stone). The calculi are treated mainly by Mufattite Hasat (lithotriptic) and Mudir (diuretic) drugs effectively. The etiology, pathogenesis, clinical features and the properties of medications used in the treatment of urolithiasis have been discussed by Unani physicians in a comprehensive manner. A number of remedies used for urolithiasis and studied scientifically in different in vitro and in vivo models have shown activity against urolithiasis. In this paper, we have attempted to collect and analyze information available on urolithiasis, the medications used in Unani Medicine for treating this disorder, and possible correlation between Unani and modern concepts of urolithiasis, if any.

International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Science Archive

The main aim of the study was to determine the phytoconstituents present in Leaves of Leucas aspe... more The main aim of the study was to determine the phytoconstituents present in Leaves of Leucas aspera. The present study was therefore carried out to evaluate the anti-ulcer activity of Hydroalcoholic (70% methanol) leaf extract of Leucas aspera in rats. The effect of Leucas aspera extract on gastric ulcer in rats in indomethacin induced gastric ulcers model and ethanol-induced models was studied using single dosing (100, 200 mg/kg) and repeated dosing (200 mg/kg for 5 days) approaches. Ranitidine (50 mg/kg) and cimetidine (100 mg/kg) were used as the standard drugs. Depending on the model, outcome measures were volume ulcer index. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Leucas aspera significantly (P<0.001) reduced gastric ulcer, respectively, in indomethacin induced gastric ulcers model and ethanol-induced models at the 200 mg/kg dose, which is comparable to the standard drugs. 5 days pre-treatment with Leuc...

Urological Science

Background: Cyperus rotundus L. is used in various dosage forms by Unani physicians in the treatm... more Background: Cyperus rotundus L. is used in various dosage forms by Unani physicians in the treatment of urolithiasis. Aims and Objectives: The present study aims to evaluate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Cyperus rotundus in nephrolithiatic male Sprague Dawley rats. Materials and Methods: The animals were divided into 6 groups of 6 each. Group I received regular rat food and drinking water ad libitum. Group II to VI were treated with Ethylene glycol (0.75%, V/V) and Ammonium chloride (1%, W/V) in drinking water for 7 days to induce urolithiasis. Group II was sacrificed after 7 days administration of lithogenic agents however, from 8th day, group IV was treated with Cystone (750 mg/kg) and group V and VI with hydroalcoholic extract of Cyperus rotundus (100 mg/kg and 170 mg/kg, respectively) for further 14 days. Group III left untreated after 7 days administration of lithogenic agent till 14 days and sacrificed on 22nd day. Urine, biochemical parameters, kidney homogenate analysis and histopathology were carried out. Crystalluria analysed by light microscopy. Results: The test drug at both the doses showed significant reduction (P < 0.001) in number of urinary crystals. Test groups showed significant reduction in urine sodium (P < 0.05) and calcium (P < 0.001) while increased in urine magnesium. Serum creatinine (P < 0.01) and urea (P < 0.05) level significantly reduced in test groups. Histopathology of kidney showed almost normal kidney architecture. Kidney homogenate analysis showed significant reduction (P < 0.05) of calcium in group VI. Conclusion: The results showed that test extract has significant antilithiatic effect in terms of solute balance, reduction in crystal numbers and improvement in renal cell derangement.

International journal of current research and review, 2012

The aim of the present paper is to provide information regarding the therapeutic uses and scienti... more The aim of the present paper is to provide information regarding the therapeutic uses and scientific studies carried out on Adiantum capillus-veneris Linn. The key words used for the literature search were Adiantum capillus-veneris, Parsioshan, physico chemical, phytochemical and pharmacological study. The search was carried out through Unani classical books, ethno botanical literature and Google scholar. The drug is popularly known as “Parsiaoshan” in Unani and used to treat a number of diseases. It is traditionally used as a diuretic, resolvent, antipyretic, demulcent, emmenagogue, expectorant and deobstruent. It is also useful in the treatment of hair fall and skin diseases. Chemical analysis of Parsioshan shows that it contains triterpenoids, flavonoids and various other constituents. Research studies have shown that it possesses anti fungal, anti inflammatory, anti bacterial, hypoglycemic and lithotriptic activities. An extensive review of ancient literature of Unani medicine r...

Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research

Withania somnifera Dunal. is a well known Indian medicinal plant widely used in the treatment of ... more Withania somnifera Dunal. is a well known Indian medicinal plant widely used in the treatment of many clinical conditions in India. It is an important drug commonly known as Asgand which has been used either single or in combination with other drugs in Unani as well as Ayurvedic system of medicine for centuries. Withania somnifera holds a place in Ayurveda similar to that of ginseng has in Chinese medicine. Asgand is commonly known as Indian ginseng or Indian winter cherry. It has been described by Dioscorides (78 AD) in his book “Kitab-ul-Hashaish”. The objective of this paper is to review the literature regarding Withania somnifera Dunal. The search was carried out through Unani classical books via library, ethno botanical literature, journals and electronic search. Asgand consists of the roots of Withania somnifera which has various therapeutic actions such as female disorders, cough, rheumatism and dropsy and as a sedative in case of senile debility. Chemical analysis of Asgand ...

Biskhapra (Trianthema portulacastrum Linn.) belongs to the family Aizoacae. It is an annual herb ... more Biskhapra (Trianthema portulacastrum Linn.) belongs to the family Aizoacae. It is an annual herb found in tropical and sub tropical region and almost throughout the India as a weed in cultivated and wastelands. Biskhapra is a well notorious drug in Unani system of medicine for its extensive use in urinary system as diuretic (Mudirre Baul), in ascites, anasarca, cystitis in case of dribbling of urine, in dropsy, edema and ascites. Decoction of herb is used as an antidote in alcohol poisoning, also used in rheumatism and as a vermifuge. It has action like aantipyretic, antidote, expectorant, detergent, carminative, resolvent, diuretic, appetizer and astringent. Major chemical constituents are alkaloids, trianthemine, punarnavin, ecdysterone, tetraterpenoid, 3, 4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid, β- cynin and saponins. It exhibits marked dose dependent protection against hepatotoxicity in mice and rat. It also reported nephroprotective, diuretic, anti-cancerous, antihelmintic, antipyretic, analg...

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, 2021

Background: Though a number of studies has been carried out in terms of safety of Kushta but co... more Background: Though a number of studies has been carried out in terms of safety of Kushta but concerns have been raised about the presence of heavy metals in Unani formulations. Classical method of preparation of KKH and other Kushta preparation in Unani system of medicine has been found to eliminate all such issues from the end product. Hence; the present study was designed to evaluate the acute and sub-acute toxicity study of KKH prepared by Classical and Muffle furnace methods. Objective: To ascertain the safety profile of Kushta Khabasul Hadeed (KKH) prepared by classical and muffle furnace methods. Materials and methods: Both of the samples of KKH i.e. Kushta Khabasul Hadeed (KKHCM) and Kushta Khabasul Hadeed (KKHMFM) prepared by Classical and Muffle Furnace Methods respectively were evaluated for acute and sub-acute toxicity by OECD guidelines 423 and 407 respectively. The starting dose in the acute test was 50 mg/kg and in sub-acute test, it was 134mg, 200 mg and 400 mg/kg b...

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oct 1, 2022

The objective of present review was to provide comprehensive information on Cinnamomum camphora L... more The objective of present review was to provide comprehensive information on Cinnamomum camphora L. on its ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemical, and pharmacological activities and provide insights into potential opportunities for future research. A thorough literature search was done to gather all the available updates on Kafūr for its mizāj (temperament), medicinal properties, and traditional uses. Classical Unani books and books on ethnomedicine and ethnobotany in English were referred for literature review. The information on phytochemical and pharmacological activities of C. camphora was collected from PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Research Gate using keywords C. camphora, Kafūr, kapur, and camphor. The species name was checked with www. theplantlist. org. The material published in Urdu, Persian, Arabic, and English was included in the review. C. camphora is used as an analgesic and antiseptic in Unani and other traditional systems of medicine for a long. It possesses various bioactive compounds viz. terpenoids, flavonoids, glycosides, coumarins, fatty acids, lignans, alkaloids, etc. Out of all these, camphor is one of the volatile compounds which has many pharmacological activities including anti-nociceptive, anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, antimicrobial, wound healing, and hepatoprotective.

Discovery Phytomedicine, 2015

Oxalis corniculata is commonly known as Indian wood Sorrel. In Unani it is called as Hummaz and d... more Oxalis corniculata is commonly known as Indian wood Sorrel. In Unani it is called as Hummaz and distributed in the whole northern temperate zone, United State of America, Arizona and throughout India. Oxalis corniculata is used in Unani medicine in the management of liver disorders, jaundice, skin diseases, urinary diseases etc. The plant been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like liver tonic, appetizer, diuretic, anthelmintic, emmenagogue, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-pyretic, blood purifier etc. Here we summarize the therapeutic potential of Oxalis corniculata.

Journal of the American Dietetic Association

Natural Product …, 2008

Gum acacia is a potent drug having diverse pharmacological effects and wide therapeutic potential... more Gum acacia is a potent drug having diverse pharmacological effects and wide therapeutic potential. It is used in diarrhoea and dysentery, irritations and ulcers of the stomach and intestine. It is also used in haemoptysis, bleeding piles, menorrhagia, leucorrhoea and spermatorrhoea. Keeping in view the high medicinal importance physico-chemical studies of the drug obtained from Dawakhana Tibbiya College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh has been done. The parameters applied for the present study include extractive value, ash value, moisture content, TLC, pH value, qualitative phytochemical studies and fluorescent analysis.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2021

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ammi majus L. (Aatrilal) a member of the family Apiaceae, is nativ... more ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ammi majus L. (Aatrilal) a member of the family Apiaceae, is native to Egypt and widely distributed in Europe, the Mediterranean, and West Asia. It has been used for the treatment of various dermatological disorders particularly vitiligo in the Unani system of Medicine for ages. In traditional medicine, fruits are used as an emmenagogue as well as a diuretic, blood purifier and to treat leprosy, urinary and digestive disorders. AIM OF THE REVIEW This paper aims to highlight the medicinal properties of Aatrilal in view of its temperament and phytoconstituents; to signify its potential in the treatment of vitiligo and other ailments as mentioned in Unani system of medicine and also to explore its phytochemistry, pharmacological and clinical studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Aatrilal was explored in classical Unani literature for its temperament (mizaj), medicinal properties and therapeutic uses. Published works available on PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were referred to collect all the available information regarding its phytochemicals and pharmacological studies. All relevant articles up to 2020 were referred including 15 classical Unani books, 15 English books, 72 research, and 3 review papers. The plant's scientific names were validated using 'The Plant List' (www.theplantlist.org). Standard Unani Medical Terminology published by Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine in collaboration with the World Health Organization was used to describe the appropriate Unani terminologies. Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants and different indexed journals were consulted for botanical and English names. RESULTS Aatrilal has been used in traditional medicine for ages. Due to controversies in its identity, it was adulterated and substituted with many drugs. The real identity of Aatrilal is now established as the fruit of A. majus L. Despite having numerous pharmacological activities, it is considered the first-line drug for the treatment of vitiligo. It is a rich source of furanocoumarins (xanthotoxin, also known as 8-methoxypsoralen, bergapten, imperatorin, isopimpinellin) with other compounds viz. flavonoids, terpenoids, proteins, essential oil constituents, etc. It has been reported for anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antibacterial, antiviral, cytotoxic, and many other activities. Clinical trials have shown the therapeutic potential in vitiligo and other skin disorders. CONCLUSION Based on the available literature, it can be concluded that Aatrilal is a drug that has been effectively used in Unani system of medicine for centuries to treat the cases of vitiligo and other dermatological disorders. It has been studied extensively for its phytopharmacological properties. Raw extracts of A. majus form the crux of the main research. Many potentially bioactive compounds are included in the essential oil, but to our knowledge, no detailed studies of its biological activity are yet available. Therefore, our suggestion is to focus future research on essential oil and its ingredients.

International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Mar 27, 2015

The anti-ulcer activity of hydro alcoholic extract of Rhus coriaria Linn (HAERC) was investigated... more The anti-ulcer activity of hydro alcoholic extract of Rhus coriaria Linn (HAERC) was investigated in indomethacin and water immersion-induced restraint gastric ulcer in wistar rats. The assessment was carried out by using ulcer index, ulcer score and histopathological studies of the specimens. HAERC at doses of 145 and 248 mg/kg given orally produced significant inhibition of the gastric lesions induced by indomethacin and water immersion restraint method, and the results were comparable to the standard treatment regime. We observed that R. coriaria Linn extract exhibits significant anti ulcer activity and thus supports the Unani claims about the drug.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2021

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ammi majus L. (Aatrilal) a member of the family Apiaceae, is nativ... more ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ammi majus L. (Aatrilal) a member of the family Apiaceae, is native to Egypt and widely distributed in Europe, the Mediterranean, and West Asia. It has been used for the treatment of various dermatological disorders particularly vitiligo in the Unani system of Medicine for ages. In traditional medicine, fruits are used as an emmenagogue as well as a diuretic, blood purifier and to treat leprosy, urinary and digestive disorders. AIM OF THE REVIEW This paper aims to highlight the medicinal properties of Aatrilal in view of its temperament and phytoconstituents; to signify its potential in the treatment of vitiligo and other ailments as mentioned in Unani system of medicine and also to explore its phytochemistry, pharmacological and clinical studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Aatrilal was explored in classical Unani literature for its temperament (mizaj), medicinal properties and therapeutic uses. Published works available on PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were referred to collect all the available information regarding its phytochemicals and pharmacological studies. All relevant articles up to 2020 were referred including 15 classical Unani books, 15 English books, 72 research, and 3 review papers. The plant's scientific names were validated using 'The Plant List' (www.theplantlist.org). Standard Unani Medical Terminology published by Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine in collaboration with the World Health Organization was used to describe the appropriate Unani terminologies. Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants and different indexed journals were consulted for botanical and English names. RESULTS Aatrilal has been used in traditional medicine for ages. Due to controversies in its identity, it was adulterated and substituted with many drugs. The real identity of Aatrilal is now established as the fruit of A. majus L. Despite having numerous pharmacological activities, it is considered the first-line drug for the treatment of vitiligo. It is a rich source of furanocoumarins (xanthotoxin, also known as 8-methoxypsoralen, bergapten, imperatorin, isopimpinellin) with other compounds viz. flavonoids, terpenoids, proteins, essential oil constituents, etc. It has been reported for anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antibacterial, antiviral, cytotoxic, and many other activities. Clinical trials have shown the therapeutic potential in vitiligo and other skin disorders. CONCLUSION Based on the available literature, it can be concluded that Aatrilal is a drug that has been effectively used in Unani system of medicine for centuries to treat the cases of vitiligo and other dermatological disorders. It has been studied extensively for its phytopharmacological properties. Raw extracts of A. majus form the crux of the main research. Many potentially bioactive compounds are included in the essential oil, but to our knowledge, no detailed studies of its biological activity are yet available. Therefore, our suggestion is to focus future research on essential oil and its ingredients.

Apium graveolens Linn commonly known as salad and Karafs in Unani literature, belongs to the fami... more Apium graveolens Linn commonly known as salad and Karafs in Unani literature, belongs to the family Apiaceae. Karafs is used in many diseases and is considered as one of the best diuretic and lithotriptic according to Unani literature.

Plants are one of the most important sources of medicines. Basil (Ocimum basilicum Linn.) is one ... more Plants are one of the most important sources of medicines. Basil (Ocimum basilicum Linn.) is one such plant which symbolizes all that is wondrous in nature because, the whole plant has been used as traditional medicine for household remedy against various human ailments from antiquity. The objective of this paper is to review the literature regarding Ocimum basilicum, specifically for its chemical properties, therapeutic benefits and scientific studies. This review consists of all publications relevant to Ocimum basilicum that were identified by the authors through a systemic search of major computerized medical database. Studies indicate Ocimum basilicum to possess analgesic, anti inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti ulcerogenic, cardiac stimulant, chemomodulatory, CNS depressant, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, immunomodulator and larvicidal activities. The drug was also searched for its folkloric claims. It is used in traditional medicine as a tonic and v...

Unani and Arab (700-1200 AD) physicians wrote about the medicinal properties of Lac in their book... more Unani and Arab (700-1200 AD) physicians wrote about the medicinal properties of Lac in their books. Basically Lac is Indian origin drug, so they were confused earlier about the exact source and wrongly described it as plant origin drug, but were well versed with its medicinal properties and uses. All the great Unani physicians like Zakaria Razi, Majoosi, Ibn Sina, Rabban Tabri, Ibn Rushd, Ibn Bitar, Ibrahim Al Maghrabi, Hakeem Abdul Hakeem, Najmul Ghani, Jurjani and Kabeeruddin indicate extensively the medicinal use of Lac for various diseases in their respective books and treatises. Abu Hanifa also recommends its use as a medicine. 71 various methods are described for the processing of crude drugs in unani literature. Crude lac which is purchased from market or collected from any other source contains contamination like dirt, dust, insect’s remains, bird droppings, tree parts, branches, twinges and leaves etc. Before use these impurities have to be removed. Processing is done eithe...

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine

Background Habbe Gule Aakh is extensively used in Unani medicine for anti-inflammatory and analge... more Background Habbe Gule Aakh is extensively used in Unani medicine for anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity. Objective To evaluate anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Habbe Gule Aakh on Wistar rats and Swiss mice of either sex. Materials and methods The study was carried out in Wistar rats for anti-inflammatory activity while Swiss mice were used for analgesic activity. In both the tests animals were divided into five groups of six animals each which served as control, standard and test groups A, B and C. For anti-inflammatory activity, method reported by Amman was followed. For analgesic activity, Koster's protocol was adapted. Results Significant (P < 0.01) reduction in the paw volume was noted in all the test groups but less than the standard drug. Mean writhes of group B and C reduced significantly (P < 0.01) demonstrating analgesic effect. Conclusion The study validated the claim of Unani medicine of use of Habbe Gule Aakh in inflammation and pain. Further, phytochemical studies are needed to know the exact mechanism of action of this formulation.

Journal of Herbal Medicine, 2017

Abstract Unani Medicine, an age old system of medicine which is widely practiced in south Asia, d... more Abstract Unani Medicine, an age old system of medicine which is widely practiced in south Asia, draws on the ancient traditional systems of medicine in China, Egypt, India, Iraq, Persia and Syria. It uses remedies of plant, animal and mineral origin which can treat a number of diseases successfully. These remedies, whose efficacy is evident mainly from observation, have been prized for centuries. Although some of the medicines have been examined to investigate their efficacy and possible mechanism of action, many have not yet been documented. It is therefore timely to look at these unexplored remedies in order to understand and make best use of their acknowledged effects. Urolithiasis (the development of kidney calculi or stones) is a complex process resulting as a consequence of an imbalance between promoters and inhibitors in the kidney. The etiology is multifactorial, but strongly related to dietary habits and lifestyle. Calculi in the urinary tract have been mentioned in the literature of Unani medicine under the headings Hasate Kulliyah (kidney stone), Hasate Masana (bladder stone) and Hasate Kulliya wa Masana (kidney and bladder stone). The calculi are treated mainly by Mufattite Hasat (lithotriptic) and Mudir (diuretic) drugs effectively. The etiology, pathogenesis, clinical features and the properties of medications used in the treatment of urolithiasis have been discussed by Unani physicians in a comprehensive manner. A number of remedies used for urolithiasis and studied scientifically in different in vitro and in vivo models have shown activity against urolithiasis. In this paper, we have attempted to collect and analyze information available on urolithiasis, the medications used in Unani Medicine for treating this disorder, and possible correlation between Unani and modern concepts of urolithiasis, if any.

International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Science Archive

The main aim of the study was to determine the phytoconstituents present in Leaves of Leucas aspe... more The main aim of the study was to determine the phytoconstituents present in Leaves of Leucas aspera. The present study was therefore carried out to evaluate the anti-ulcer activity of Hydroalcoholic (70% methanol) leaf extract of Leucas aspera in rats. The effect of Leucas aspera extract on gastric ulcer in rats in indomethacin induced gastric ulcers model and ethanol-induced models was studied using single dosing (100, 200 mg/kg) and repeated dosing (200 mg/kg for 5 days) approaches. Ranitidine (50 mg/kg) and cimetidine (100 mg/kg) were used as the standard drugs. Depending on the model, outcome measures were volume ulcer index. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Leucas aspera significantly (P<0.001) reduced gastric ulcer, respectively, in indomethacin induced gastric ulcers model and ethanol-induced models at the 200 mg/kg dose, which is comparable to the standard drugs. 5 days pre-treatment with Leuc...

Urological Science

Background: Cyperus rotundus L. is used in various dosage forms by Unani physicians in the treatm... more Background: Cyperus rotundus L. is used in various dosage forms by Unani physicians in the treatment of urolithiasis. Aims and Objectives: The present study aims to evaluate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Cyperus rotundus in nephrolithiatic male Sprague Dawley rats. Materials and Methods: The animals were divided into 6 groups of 6 each. Group I received regular rat food and drinking water ad libitum. Group II to VI were treated with Ethylene glycol (0.75%, V/V) and Ammonium chloride (1%, W/V) in drinking water for 7 days to induce urolithiasis. Group II was sacrificed after 7 days administration of lithogenic agents however, from 8th day, group IV was treated with Cystone (750 mg/kg) and group V and VI with hydroalcoholic extract of Cyperus rotundus (100 mg/kg and 170 mg/kg, respectively) for further 14 days. Group III left untreated after 7 days administration of lithogenic agent till 14 days and sacrificed on 22nd day. Urine, biochemical parameters, kidney homogenate analysis and histopathology were carried out. Crystalluria analysed by light microscopy. Results: The test drug at both the doses showed significant reduction (P < 0.001) in number of urinary crystals. Test groups showed significant reduction in urine sodium (P < 0.05) and calcium (P < 0.001) while increased in urine magnesium. Serum creatinine (P < 0.01) and urea (P < 0.05) level significantly reduced in test groups. Histopathology of kidney showed almost normal kidney architecture. Kidney homogenate analysis showed significant reduction (P < 0.05) of calcium in group VI. Conclusion: The results showed that test extract has significant antilithiatic effect in terms of solute balance, reduction in crystal numbers and improvement in renal cell derangement.

International journal of current research and review, 2012

The aim of the present paper is to provide information regarding the therapeutic uses and scienti... more The aim of the present paper is to provide information regarding the therapeutic uses and scientific studies carried out on Adiantum capillus-veneris Linn. The key words used for the literature search were Adiantum capillus-veneris, Parsioshan, physico chemical, phytochemical and pharmacological study. The search was carried out through Unani classical books, ethno botanical literature and Google scholar. The drug is popularly known as “Parsiaoshan” in Unani and used to treat a number of diseases. It is traditionally used as a diuretic, resolvent, antipyretic, demulcent, emmenagogue, expectorant and deobstruent. It is also useful in the treatment of hair fall and skin diseases. Chemical analysis of Parsioshan shows that it contains triterpenoids, flavonoids and various other constituents. Research studies have shown that it possesses anti fungal, anti inflammatory, anti bacterial, hypoglycemic and lithotriptic activities. An extensive review of ancient literature of Unani medicine r...