Naveed Arshad - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Naveed Arshad

Background : Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, especially those on hemodialysis, are at incr... more Background : Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, especially those on hemodialysis, are at increased risk of developing hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Guidelines suggest that all patients with CKD should be vaccinated against HBV, but these guidelines are usually not followed. We conducted this study to know the status of vaccination against HBV in CKD patients on regular hemodialysis. Methods: This observational descriptive study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Teaching Hospital, Poonch Medical College Rawalakot , and POF Teaching Hospital, Wah Medical College Wah Cantt, from March to July 2019. Patients reporting to the dialysis center of both hospitals on regular dialysis were included in the study. Patient information (HBV vaccination status, age, gender, education, socioeconomic status, duration of CKD and duration of dialysis) were collected on a specially designed questionnaire. The statistical analysis of data was done in SPSS for Windows, version 20. Results: A total 149 patients were included in the study, 63.1% were male and 36.9% were female. Out of these 24.2% were uneducated, 33.6% had 1-10 years school education, 38.2% had 10-14 years education, and 4% had more than 14 years education. About 35% patients were from low socioeconomic class, 54% from middle and 11% from higher class. Only 45.6% (n=68) of patients were vaccinated and 54.4% (n=81) were not vaccinated against HBV. Vaccination status was significantly associated with education (p=0.004) and socioeconomic status (p=0.008). Conclusion: The HBV status of patients on regular hemodialysis is not satisfactory at the two centers observed. It is associated with education and socioeconomic status of the patient.

Objectives: To find out the prevalence of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in pregnant women including both... more Objectives: To find out the prevalence of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in pregnant women including both primagravida and multigravida women of all three trimesters of pregnancy and to find out functional limitation in affected women with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted. Closed ended questionnaire, clinical tests and physical examination were used to collect data from 200 pregnant women by using non-probability convenience sampling technique in different hospitals of Punjab, Pakistan. Primagravida and multigravida women, 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimester pregnant women were included. Fisher's Exact Test was used for associations and Spearman correlation between wrist pain and nature of pain. The duration of study was 3 months from December 2016 to end of February 2017. Results: The result revealed that prevalence of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in pregnant women with classical sign and symptoms of wrist pain with alteration of sensation and functional limitation is 40%. Conclusion: This study concluded that prevalence of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is more common in multigravida pregnant women in third trimester of pregnancy with alteration of sensation and functional limitation occurs due to this syndrome.

The Professional Medical Journal, 2018

Objectives: To improved motor learning in spastic cerebral palsy children andreinforce weak movem... more Objectives: To improved motor learning in spastic cerebral palsy children andreinforce weak movement patterns and to discourage overactive ones. To reduce the spasticitywith different Bobath physical therapy techniques and control body posture as well as bodymovements. Study Design: A case series. Place and Duration of Study: Madina TeachingHospital (The University of Faisalabad) Faisalabad, Pakistan. Period: The duration of the studywas 3 months March 2013 to May 2013. Patients & Methods: A total 13 patients, aged 2-10years of spastic CP were randomly selected. Effects of treatment were measured and datawere collected by using non-probability convenience sampling technique. All children weretested thrice once completion of first month, then end of second month and then completion oftherapy at the end of third month. Results: The result revealed that grading of spasticity from1st to 3rd months of study was measured mean and standard deviations as follow, 1.62±0.87to 0.85±0.80, CV% 5...

Rawal Medical Journal, 2020

Objective: To check the significance of hypertension in causing large infarcts in acute myocardia... more Objective: To check the significance of hypertension in causing large infarcts in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methodology: This cross sectional study included 135 AMI patients of both genders presenting within four hours of chest pain/dyspnea. At presentation, ECG and initial blood samples were taken along detailed history and examination. Blood samples for diagnosis of Non ST-elevation (NSTEMI) were also taken at 8hrs. The patients were categorized into small and large infarct groups. The patients with NSTEMI and STEMI involving ST elevation in single lead group were having small cardiac infarcts while those with ST elevation in multiple leads groups were having large infarcts. A p≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Out of 135 patients, 58(43%) were with small and 77(57%) were with large infarct. Patients with large infarct included 63(81.8%) male and 14(18.2%) female. In large infarct patients, 54 of 63 males (...

Rawal Medical Journal, 2020

Objective: To determine the prevalence of neck pain and neck disability among dental practitioner... more Objective: To determine the prevalence of neck pain and neck disability among dental practitioners. Methodology: This cross sectional study included 345 dental practitioners of both gender, ages above 20 years from six different hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan from April to September 2017. Standardized questionnaires visual analog scale (VAS) and neck disability index (NDI) were used for data collection. Non-probability convenience sampling was done. Correlation coefficient (r) was used for association between neck pain and ages of the practitioners and working hours. Results: Out of 345 subjects, 253(73.3%) were female and 92(26.7%) male. Out of 253 female dentists, 141 (55.73%) had pain and 112 (44.27%) had no pain, whereas out of 92 male dentists, 57(61.95%) had pain and 35(38.05%) did not. Out of 345 subjects, 42.6% with no pain, 17.1% with mild pain, 30.7% with moderate pain and 9.6% with severe pain was found. Whereas, out of 345 subjects, 64.9% with no disability, 26.4% with mi...

Objective: To compared the functional gait among left and right hemisphere lesion patients of str... more Objective: To compared the functional gait among left and right hemisphere lesion patients of stroke. Methods: This cross sectional comparative study included 126 patients with right and left sided hemispheric lesion. The study was conducted from December 2019 to March 2020. Patients were selected consecutively from different hospitals and rehabilitation centers of Lahore, Pakistan on the basis of inclusion & exclusion criteria. Functional gait assessment (FGA) scale was used to measure functional gait performance and disturbance related to balance in stroke patients. Independent sample t-test was used for comparison of functional gait between left and right hemispheric lesions. A p-value ≤ .05 was taken statistically significant. Results: A total of 126 patients of stroke with right and left sided hemisphere lesion were assessed for functional gait assessment. The mean age of patients in group A and B was 54.19±8.54 years and 51.46±8.57 years, respectively. The mean weight of patie...

Rawal Medical Journal, 2019

Objective: To find the prevalence of hamstring tightness among university students in Lahore. Met... more Objective: To find the prevalence of hamstring tightness among university students in Lahore. Methodology: This cross-sectional survey was conducted on 300 university students in Lahore, ages between 17-25 years of both genders. The duration of the study was 3 months from June to August 2017. Both standardized, visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain and self-administered questionnaires, work duration, involved in sports activities or not and so on were used and convenience sampling was used for the data collection from three different universities of Lahore. Active knee extension test (AKET) and passive straight leg raising tests (PSLR) were performed to identify the hamstring tightness. Chi-square test was used for association between back of thigh pain and gender. Results: Out of 300 students, 120(40%) suffered from pain while 180 students (60%) did not have any pain. The ratio of hamstring tightness in male was 23.33% whereas in female 16.6%. The association between back of thigh p...

Rehman Journal of Health Sciences, 2021

Introduction: Stroke is the most common type of cerebrovascular injury caused by sudden decrease ... more Introduction: Stroke is the most common type of cerebrovascular injury caused by sudden decrease in blood supply that can lead to weaknesses and other associated problems. Many treatment options are available for stroke with promising results. This trial was designed to explore the role of mental imagery (visual) in the sub-acute stage, considering the stroke patient, especially in evaluating its effects on the lower extremities. Material & Methods: An experimental randomized controlled trial was performed from July to August 2018 in physiotherapy departments of National Hospital and Aadil Hospital Defence Lahore. A total of 80 patients having sub-acute stroke with strong perceptions having a score of 25 or more in the Mini Mental Score Exam and a 3 +/5 manual muscle testing grade system in the lower extremity were taken using non-probability consecutive sampling procedure. All the patients were divided into 2 groups randomly. Conservative treatment including strengthening and balan...

Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 2021

Objectives: To assess the comparison of harmonic scalpel versus Milligan Morgan technique in pati... more Objectives: To assess the comparison of harmonic scalpel versus Milligan Morgan technique in patients undergoing haemorrhoidectomy. Methodology: This randomized controlled trial study was conducted at General Hospital, Lahore, from March 2019 to September 2019. Informed consent was obtained from eligible 60 patients. Patients were randomly divided into two equal groups. In group-A, haemorrhoidectomy was conducted according to the harmonic scalpel method. In group-B, open haemorrhoidectomy was performed by the Milligan Morgan procedure. Data was assembled through a designed questionnaire and investigated via SPSS version 25. Data were stratified for descriptive statistics, level of haemorrhoids and period of haemorrhoids. Post-stratification, independent sample t-test was used. Results: Mean age of both groups patients were 44.6±7.6 and 43.8±8.2 years, respectively. In group-A, mean operative time was 20.8±2.8 minutes, while 26.5±2.8 minutes in group-B, which was statistically signif...

F1000Research, 2021

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, especially those on hemodialysis, are at incre... more Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, especially those on hemodialysis, are at increased risk of developing hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Guidelines suggest that all patients with CKD should be vaccinated against HBV, but these guidelines are usually not followed. We conducted this study to know the status of vaccination against HBV in CKD patients on regular hemodialysis. Methods: This observational descriptive study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Teaching Hospital, Poonch Medical College Rawalakot , and POF Teaching Hospital, Wah Medical College Wah Cantt, from March to July 2019. Patients reporting to the dialysis center of both hospitals on regular dialysis were included in the study. Patient information (HBV vaccination status, age, gender, education, socioeconomic status, duration of CKD and duration of dialysis) were collected on a specially designed questionnaire. The statistical analysis of data was done in SPSS for W...

The Professional Medical Journal, 2020

Objectives: The objectives of the study are to determine the consistency of the proximal perforat... more Objectives: The objectives of the study are to determine the consistency of the proximal perforator in terms of its presence and location prospectively using preoperative color doppler and per operative confirmation in patients requiring anterolateral thigh flap. Study Design: Descriptive Case Series. Setting: Department of Plastic Surgery at Jinnah Hospital Lahore. Period: From April 2017 to October 2017. Material & Methods: A total of 60 patients requiring anterolateral thigh flap were recruited for the study. Consistency of the proximal anterolateral thigh flap perforator was labeled if AK/AP ≤ 0.45. Findings were confirmed per operatively. Results: Presence of proximal perforator was consistent in 51 (85%) individuals with mode of 0.42 (AK/AP ratio) ± 0.04cm SD. Similarly per operative presence of the proximal perforator was consistent in 54 (90%) individuals with mode of 0.42 (AK/AP ratio) ± 0.04cm SD. Conclusion: Proximal perforator is highly consistent in its presence and pla...

The Professional Medical Journal, 2020

Objectives: To assess the clinical characteristics and diagnosis of ACS for timely, management an... more Objectives: To assess the clinical characteristics and diagnosis of ACS for timely, management and further prevention from coronary events. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Emergency Department (ED) of Punjab Institute of Cardiology (PIC) Lahore. Period: November 2017 to January 2018. Material & Methods: Included 170 diagnosed patients of ACS of both sexes presenting within approximately four hours of symptoms. At presentation ECG and initial blood samples were taken from all patients for base line and Troponin T estimation. All the patients included in the study were properly examined and complete history was taken. Blood samples of patients for diagnosis of NSTEMI were also drawn at 8hrs of arrival. The patients were categorized into STEMI, NSTEMI and UA on the basis of history, ECG and cardiac Troponin T. Results were analyzed statistically. A p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 170 patients with established diagnosis of ACS w...

The Professional Medical Journal, 2020

Objectives: To compare the effects of topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs over oil of e... more Objectives: To compare the effects of topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs over oil of evening primrose in mastalgias in terms of frequency of pain. Study Design: Randomized Controlled Trail. Setting: Department of Surgical at Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi. Period: January 2016 to June 2016. Material & Methods: A total of 160 consecutive female patients, ages 17-45 years with history of breast pain for last 2-3 months (cyclic and noncyclic), were presenting in surgical OPD with symptoms of mastalgias between January 2016 to June 2016 included in the study. Patients allocated in two groups, Group A received topical NSAID in 0.5% Piroxicam gel for local application to affected area twice daily for three months and Group B was given oil of evening primrose (OEP) capsules (Efamol) 500mg twice daily for three months. Patients mastalgia pain was recorded by using VAS scale at baseline (1st day) and at end of treatment (3rd month). Pain calculated by compared in terms of mean, ...

Background : Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, especially those on hemodialysis, are at incr... more Background : Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, especially those on hemodialysis, are at increased risk of developing hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Guidelines suggest that all patients with CKD should be vaccinated against HBV, but these guidelines are usually not followed. We conducted this study to know the status of vaccination against HBV in CKD patients on regular hemodialysis. Methods: This observational descriptive study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Teaching Hospital, Poonch Medical College Rawalakot , and POF Teaching Hospital, Wah Medical College Wah Cantt, from March to July 2019. Patients reporting to the dialysis center of both hospitals on regular dialysis were included in the study. Patient information (HBV vaccination status, age, gender, education, socioeconomic status, duration of CKD and duration of dialysis) were collected on a specially designed questionnaire. The statistical analysis of data was done in SPSS for Windows, version 20. Results: A total 149 patients were included in the study, 63.1% were male and 36.9% were female. Out of these 24.2% were uneducated, 33.6% had 1-10 years school education, 38.2% had 10-14 years education, and 4% had more than 14 years education. About 35% patients were from low socioeconomic class, 54% from middle and 11% from higher class. Only 45.6% (n=68) of patients were vaccinated and 54.4% (n=81) were not vaccinated against HBV. Vaccination status was significantly associated with education (p=0.004) and socioeconomic status (p=0.008). Conclusion: The HBV status of patients on regular hemodialysis is not satisfactory at the two centers observed. It is associated with education and socioeconomic status of the patient.

Objectives: To find out the prevalence of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in pregnant women including both... more Objectives: To find out the prevalence of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in pregnant women including both primagravida and multigravida women of all three trimesters of pregnancy and to find out functional limitation in affected women with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted. Closed ended questionnaire, clinical tests and physical examination were used to collect data from 200 pregnant women by using non-probability convenience sampling technique in different hospitals of Punjab, Pakistan. Primagravida and multigravida women, 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimester pregnant women were included. Fisher's Exact Test was used for associations and Spearman correlation between wrist pain and nature of pain. The duration of study was 3 months from December 2016 to end of February 2017. Results: The result revealed that prevalence of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in pregnant women with classical sign and symptoms of wrist pain with alteration of sensation and functional limitation is 40%. Conclusion: This study concluded that prevalence of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is more common in multigravida pregnant women in third trimester of pregnancy with alteration of sensation and functional limitation occurs due to this syndrome.

The Professional Medical Journal, 2018

Objectives: To improved motor learning in spastic cerebral palsy children andreinforce weak movem... more Objectives: To improved motor learning in spastic cerebral palsy children andreinforce weak movement patterns and to discourage overactive ones. To reduce the spasticitywith different Bobath physical therapy techniques and control body posture as well as bodymovements. Study Design: A case series. Place and Duration of Study: Madina TeachingHospital (The University of Faisalabad) Faisalabad, Pakistan. Period: The duration of the studywas 3 months March 2013 to May 2013. Patients & Methods: A total 13 patients, aged 2-10years of spastic CP were randomly selected. Effects of treatment were measured and datawere collected by using non-probability convenience sampling technique. All children weretested thrice once completion of first month, then end of second month and then completion oftherapy at the end of third month. Results: The result revealed that grading of spasticity from1st to 3rd months of study was measured mean and standard deviations as follow, 1.62±0.87to 0.85±0.80, CV% 5...

Rawal Medical Journal, 2020

Objective: To check the significance of hypertension in causing large infarcts in acute myocardia... more Objective: To check the significance of hypertension in causing large infarcts in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methodology: This cross sectional study included 135 AMI patients of both genders presenting within four hours of chest pain/dyspnea. At presentation, ECG and initial blood samples were taken along detailed history and examination. Blood samples for diagnosis of Non ST-elevation (NSTEMI) were also taken at 8hrs. The patients were categorized into small and large infarct groups. The patients with NSTEMI and STEMI involving ST elevation in single lead group were having small cardiac infarcts while those with ST elevation in multiple leads groups were having large infarcts. A p≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Out of 135 patients, 58(43%) were with small and 77(57%) were with large infarct. Patients with large infarct included 63(81.8%) male and 14(18.2%) female. In large infarct patients, 54 of 63 males (...

Rawal Medical Journal, 2020

Objective: To determine the prevalence of neck pain and neck disability among dental practitioner... more Objective: To determine the prevalence of neck pain and neck disability among dental practitioners. Methodology: This cross sectional study included 345 dental practitioners of both gender, ages above 20 years from six different hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan from April to September 2017. Standardized questionnaires visual analog scale (VAS) and neck disability index (NDI) were used for data collection. Non-probability convenience sampling was done. Correlation coefficient (r) was used for association between neck pain and ages of the practitioners and working hours. Results: Out of 345 subjects, 253(73.3%) were female and 92(26.7%) male. Out of 253 female dentists, 141 (55.73%) had pain and 112 (44.27%) had no pain, whereas out of 92 male dentists, 57(61.95%) had pain and 35(38.05%) did not. Out of 345 subjects, 42.6% with no pain, 17.1% with mild pain, 30.7% with moderate pain and 9.6% with severe pain was found. Whereas, out of 345 subjects, 64.9% with no disability, 26.4% with mi...

Objective: To compared the functional gait among left and right hemisphere lesion patients of str... more Objective: To compared the functional gait among left and right hemisphere lesion patients of stroke. Methods: This cross sectional comparative study included 126 patients with right and left sided hemispheric lesion. The study was conducted from December 2019 to March 2020. Patients were selected consecutively from different hospitals and rehabilitation centers of Lahore, Pakistan on the basis of inclusion & exclusion criteria. Functional gait assessment (FGA) scale was used to measure functional gait performance and disturbance related to balance in stroke patients. Independent sample t-test was used for comparison of functional gait between left and right hemispheric lesions. A p-value ≤ .05 was taken statistically significant. Results: A total of 126 patients of stroke with right and left sided hemisphere lesion were assessed for functional gait assessment. The mean age of patients in group A and B was 54.19±8.54 years and 51.46±8.57 years, respectively. The mean weight of patie...

Rawal Medical Journal, 2019

Objective: To find the prevalence of hamstring tightness among university students in Lahore. Met... more Objective: To find the prevalence of hamstring tightness among university students in Lahore. Methodology: This cross-sectional survey was conducted on 300 university students in Lahore, ages between 17-25 years of both genders. The duration of the study was 3 months from June to August 2017. Both standardized, visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain and self-administered questionnaires, work duration, involved in sports activities or not and so on were used and convenience sampling was used for the data collection from three different universities of Lahore. Active knee extension test (AKET) and passive straight leg raising tests (PSLR) were performed to identify the hamstring tightness. Chi-square test was used for association between back of thigh pain and gender. Results: Out of 300 students, 120(40%) suffered from pain while 180 students (60%) did not have any pain. The ratio of hamstring tightness in male was 23.33% whereas in female 16.6%. The association between back of thigh p...

Rehman Journal of Health Sciences, 2021

Introduction: Stroke is the most common type of cerebrovascular injury caused by sudden decrease ... more Introduction: Stroke is the most common type of cerebrovascular injury caused by sudden decrease in blood supply that can lead to weaknesses and other associated problems. Many treatment options are available for stroke with promising results. This trial was designed to explore the role of mental imagery (visual) in the sub-acute stage, considering the stroke patient, especially in evaluating its effects on the lower extremities. Material & Methods: An experimental randomized controlled trial was performed from July to August 2018 in physiotherapy departments of National Hospital and Aadil Hospital Defence Lahore. A total of 80 patients having sub-acute stroke with strong perceptions having a score of 25 or more in the Mini Mental Score Exam and a 3 +/5 manual muscle testing grade system in the lower extremity were taken using non-probability consecutive sampling procedure. All the patients were divided into 2 groups randomly. Conservative treatment including strengthening and balan...

Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 2021

Objectives: To assess the comparison of harmonic scalpel versus Milligan Morgan technique in pati... more Objectives: To assess the comparison of harmonic scalpel versus Milligan Morgan technique in patients undergoing haemorrhoidectomy. Methodology: This randomized controlled trial study was conducted at General Hospital, Lahore, from March 2019 to September 2019. Informed consent was obtained from eligible 60 patients. Patients were randomly divided into two equal groups. In group-A, haemorrhoidectomy was conducted according to the harmonic scalpel method. In group-B, open haemorrhoidectomy was performed by the Milligan Morgan procedure. Data was assembled through a designed questionnaire and investigated via SPSS version 25. Data were stratified for descriptive statistics, level of haemorrhoids and period of haemorrhoids. Post-stratification, independent sample t-test was used. Results: Mean age of both groups patients were 44.6±7.6 and 43.8±8.2 years, respectively. In group-A, mean operative time was 20.8±2.8 minutes, while 26.5±2.8 minutes in group-B, which was statistically signif...

F1000Research, 2021

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, especially those on hemodialysis, are at incre... more Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, especially those on hemodialysis, are at increased risk of developing hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Guidelines suggest that all patients with CKD should be vaccinated against HBV, but these guidelines are usually not followed. We conducted this study to know the status of vaccination against HBV in CKD patients on regular hemodialysis. Methods: This observational descriptive study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Teaching Hospital, Poonch Medical College Rawalakot , and POF Teaching Hospital, Wah Medical College Wah Cantt, from March to July 2019. Patients reporting to the dialysis center of both hospitals on regular dialysis were included in the study. Patient information (HBV vaccination status, age, gender, education, socioeconomic status, duration of CKD and duration of dialysis) were collected on a specially designed questionnaire. The statistical analysis of data was done in SPSS for W...

The Professional Medical Journal, 2020

Objectives: The objectives of the study are to determine the consistency of the proximal perforat... more Objectives: The objectives of the study are to determine the consistency of the proximal perforator in terms of its presence and location prospectively using preoperative color doppler and per operative confirmation in patients requiring anterolateral thigh flap. Study Design: Descriptive Case Series. Setting: Department of Plastic Surgery at Jinnah Hospital Lahore. Period: From April 2017 to October 2017. Material & Methods: A total of 60 patients requiring anterolateral thigh flap were recruited for the study. Consistency of the proximal anterolateral thigh flap perforator was labeled if AK/AP ≤ 0.45. Findings were confirmed per operatively. Results: Presence of proximal perforator was consistent in 51 (85%) individuals with mode of 0.42 (AK/AP ratio) ± 0.04cm SD. Similarly per operative presence of the proximal perforator was consistent in 54 (90%) individuals with mode of 0.42 (AK/AP ratio) ± 0.04cm SD. Conclusion: Proximal perforator is highly consistent in its presence and pla...

The Professional Medical Journal, 2020

Objectives: To assess the clinical characteristics and diagnosis of ACS for timely, management an... more Objectives: To assess the clinical characteristics and diagnosis of ACS for timely, management and further prevention from coronary events. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Emergency Department (ED) of Punjab Institute of Cardiology (PIC) Lahore. Period: November 2017 to January 2018. Material & Methods: Included 170 diagnosed patients of ACS of both sexes presenting within approximately four hours of symptoms. At presentation ECG and initial blood samples were taken from all patients for base line and Troponin T estimation. All the patients included in the study were properly examined and complete history was taken. Blood samples of patients for diagnosis of NSTEMI were also drawn at 8hrs of arrival. The patients were categorized into STEMI, NSTEMI and UA on the basis of history, ECG and cardiac Troponin T. Results were analyzed statistically. A p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 170 patients with established diagnosis of ACS w...

The Professional Medical Journal, 2020

Objectives: To compare the effects of topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs over oil of e... more Objectives: To compare the effects of topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs over oil of evening primrose in mastalgias in terms of frequency of pain. Study Design: Randomized Controlled Trail. Setting: Department of Surgical at Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi. Period: January 2016 to June 2016. Material & Methods: A total of 160 consecutive female patients, ages 17-45 years with history of breast pain for last 2-3 months (cyclic and noncyclic), were presenting in surgical OPD with symptoms of mastalgias between January 2016 to June 2016 included in the study. Patients allocated in two groups, Group A received topical NSAID in 0.5% Piroxicam gel for local application to affected area twice daily for three months and Group B was given oil of evening primrose (OEP) capsules (Efamol) 500mg twice daily for three months. Patients mastalgia pain was recorded by using VAS scale at baseline (1st day) and at end of treatment (3rd month). Pain calculated by compared in terms of mean, ...