Nawab J Dar - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Nawab J Dar

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2020

This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

Molecular neurobiology, Jan 26, 2017

Glutamate-induced excitotoxicity is one of the major underlying mechanisms for neurodegenerative ... more Glutamate-induced excitotoxicity is one of the major underlying mechanisms for neurodegenerative diseases. Efforts are being made to treat such conditions with an array of natural compounds that can modulate the release of glutamate or the underlying mechanisms associated with it. Withania somnifera extract has potent pharmacologic activity similar to that of Korean Ginseng tea and is used to treat several neuronal disorders. However, to date, little efforts have been made to evaluate individual constituents of this plant for neurodegenerative disorders. Present study was carried out to investigate withanolide-A, one of the active constituents of Withania somnifera against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in retinoic acid differentiated Neuro2a neuroblastoma cells. The results indicated that glutamate treatment for 2 h induced death in cells that was significantly attenuated by pre-treatment with MK-801 (specific NMDA receptor antagonist) and different concentrations of withanolide-...

ACS Chemical Neuroscience, 2016

Retinoic acid induces differentiation in various types of cells including skeletal myoblasts and ... more Retinoic acid induces differentiation in various types of cells including skeletal myoblasts and neuroblasts and maintains differentiation of epithelial cells. The present study demonstrates synthesis and screening of a library of retinoic acid-triazolyl derivatives for their differentiation potential on neuroblastoma cells. Click chemistry approach using copper-(I)-catalyzed azide−alkyne cycloaddition was adopted for the preparation of these derivatives. The neurite outgrowth promoting potential of retinoic acid-triazolyl derivatives was studied on neuroblastoma cells. Morphological examination revealed that compounds 8a, 8e, 8f, and 8k, among the various derivatives screened, exhibited promising neurite-outgrowth inducing activity at a concentration of 10 μM compared to undifferentiated and retinoic acid treated cells. Further on, to confirm this differentiation potential of these compounds, neuroblastoma cells were probed for expression of neuronal markers such as NF-H and NeuN. The results revealed a marked increase in the NF-H and NeuN protein expression when treated with 8a, 8e, 8f, and 8k compared to undifferentiated and retinoic acid treated cells. Thus, these compounds could act as potential leads in inducing neuronal differentiation for future studies.

CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets, 2016

Neurodegeneration is progressive loss of functional and structural integrity of the central nervo... more Neurodegeneration is progressive loss of functional and structural integrity of the central nervous system. Neurodegenerative disorders are yet without any reliable therapy because the neurons of the central nervous system have limited ability to regenerate. Current therapeutic approaches rely mainly on abrogation of symptoms and leave the dying neurons to their fate. Protective and/or rescuing treatments need to be explored fully to suppress neuronal death that will automatically alleviate the symptoms. Adequate precedent exists in literature regarding the neuroprotective activity of endophytes. Endophytes are a class of microorganisms which colonize healthy plant tissues without causing any apparent harm to the host. Chemical moieties from known endophytes have been used against many disease models including neurodegenerative diseases. There is great hope that novel bioactive molecules from newer endophytes can impede pathogenic mechanisms and progression of many diseases. In this review, we will discuss promising pharmacological or clinical relevance of endophytes against various neurodegenerative diseases.

Cells

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia affecting millions of people around... more Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia affecting millions of people around the globe. Impaired neurogenesis is reported in AD as well as in AD animal models, although the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Elevated lipid peroxidation products are well-documented in AD. In current study, the role of lipid peroxidation on neural stem cell (NSCs) function is tested. Neural stem cells (NSCs) from 5×FAD mice, a widely used AD model with impaired neurogenesis, were observed to have increased levels of lipid reactive oxygen species compared to NSCs from control WT mice. 5×FAD NSCs exhibited altered differentiation potential as revealed by their propensity to differentiate into astrocytic lineage instead of neuronal lineage compared to WT NSCs. In addition, 5×FAD NSCs showed a reduced level of Gpx4, a key enzyme in reducing hydroperoxides in membrane lipids, and this reduction appeared to be caused by enhanced autophagy-lysosomal degradation of Gpx4 protein. To tes...

Frontiers in Pharmacology

Chronic Lung Diseases

Asthma is a chronic disorder of the airways characterized by variable and recurring airway inflam... more Asthma is a chronic disorder of the airways characterized by variable and recurring airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, bronchoconstriction, vasodilatation, airway edema, and activation of sensory nerve endings. It is a serious health problem globally affecting 334 million people across all the age groups imposing a substantial burden on patient’s quality of life, family, and community. Patients with asthma are often at the risk of acute exacerbations, if the symptoms are not managed properly, and it needs to be customized based on the level of symptom control, phenotypic characteristics, effectiveness of available medications, safety, cost-effectiveness, etc. Since the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and symptoms of the disease are complicated, there is a dire need to understand the pathology of the disease for better management of symptoms and development of novel therapeutic approaches. Here, we have presented a comprehensive review of the disease, its causes, epidemiology, pathophysiology, current drug treatments, and latest recommendations from Global Initiative for Asthma for the management of asthma.

CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets, 2014

Nature Precedings, 2011

The distribution of ABO blood groups and Rh(D) factor has been studied among the Brahmin and Kush... more The distribution of ABO blood groups and Rh(D) factor has been studied among the Brahmin and Kushwaha populations of Jhansi Uttar Pradesh. The A,B,O and AB blood group percentage in Brahmins was recorded as 20.88%, 36.64%, 37.02% and 10.44% .The Rh(D) positive percentage was 96.20% and Rh(d) negative 3.79%. In Kushwaha population the percentage of A,B,O and AB was recorded as 25.65%, 30.26%, 31.25% and 12.82% respectively. The Rh (D) positive was recorded as 97.36% and Rh(d) negative as 2.63%. The allele frequency of ABO among Brahmins was 0.198, 0.266, 0.536 and in Kushwaha the allele frequency of ABO was recorded as 0.251, 0.278, and 0.471 respectively. So the prevalence of the ABO from the area under study can be shown with a general formula as O>B>A>AB.

Sustained Energy for Enhanced Human Functions and Activity

Abstract Withania somnifera , also known as ashwagandha, is one of the prominent medicinal plants... more Abstract Withania somnifera , also known as ashwagandha, is one of the prominent medicinal plants in Indian systems of medicine. Since antiquity, it is used against myriad of clinical conditions and, in fact, its history of use as a medicine dates back to AD 6000. The plant contains a range of different classes of chemical constituents such as alkaloids, steroidal lactones, and flavonoids. These chemical moieties are responsible for various biological activities of the plant. Laboratory studies demonstrated the plant to be antiinflammatory, antitumor, neuroprotective, antimicrobial, antistress, antidiabetic, and cardioprotective. These pharmacologic activities are in part due to the capability of W. somnifera to reduce reactive oxygen species, modulate mitochondrial function, regulate apoptosis, reduce inflammation, and enhance endothelial function. Additionally, it has been used singly or in combination against various diseases of humans. Here, we recapitulate ethnobotanical and pharmacologic characteristics and therapeutic applications of the plant and its active constituents.