Nayla Haroun - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Nayla Haroun

Research paper thumbnail of Anew host of dodder (Cuscuta spp.) Parasitizing Damas ( Conocarpus erectus) in Khartoum and Gezira states-Sudan

International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP), 2019

The study was carried out at the field dodder during season 2017-2018 in Khartoum and Gezira stat... more The study was carried out at the field dodder during season 2017-2018 in Khartoum and Gezira states to determine its all host of Cuscuta spp distributed in the two states using Global Positioning System (GPS) in the survey. The survey covered several areas in two states. The results showed that dodder species founded parasitizing in the North, East and West Khartoum state. The results revealed that the dodder have different host plants and new host (Damas Conocarpus erectus). It was founded parasitizing 12 plants species belonging to 12 families. Among the most affected host plants, were 6 grasses, 2 vegtables Crops (Onion, Allium cepa) and Molokhia (Corchorus oletorus), lime trees (Citrus aurantiifolia), forge Crops (Alfalfa, Medicago sativa), forest trees (Ghoubish, Guiera seneglensis, Damas) and Orumentals (Euphorbia Catharanthu svinca).High percentage incidence (100%) were recorded in Damas, Alfalfa, Molokhia,-Ramtook (Xanthium baraslicum). Lowest percentage incidence was recorded in Lime 1%. Results of Gezira state indicated that the dodder was found Parasitizing on North, East and West of the state. The host of it was Onion, Lokh Dicanthium annulatum and Dahaser Indigofera oblongifolia. Lowest percentage incidence 6.2%, were observed in onion.

Research paper thumbnail of Leaf Blight: A new Disease of Xanthium strumarium L. caused by Curvularia lunata and Drechslera spicifera in Sudan

Ramtouk (Xanthium strumarium L.) is a very common weed of many row crops in the temperate and sub... more Ramtouk (Xanthium strumarium L.) is a very common weed of many row crops in the temperate and subtropical regions in the world and it can invade cultivated fields, along beaches, coastal dunes, watercourses, railway embankments, roadsides, field edges and waste places. The weed prefers open communities with expectation of the mountains region (Kaul, 1971). The geographical distribution of X. strumarium extends from latitude 53°N to 33°S (Holm et al., 1977). According to Love and Dansereau (1959) it’s of Central and South America origin. In Sudan Xanthium International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 4 Number 1 (2015) pp. 511-515 http://www.ijcmas.com

Research paper thumbnail of Bioherbicidal Activity of Curvularia lunata on Common Cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.)

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2015

Common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.) is a biotype which has different morphology and higher ... more Common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.) is a biotype which has different morphology and higher seedling production ability. Greenhouse studies were conducted to investigate the bioherbicidal activity of Curvularia lunata on common cocklebur. Xanthium strumarium L. is an exotic plant responsible for several agricultural, environmental and health problems in Sudan. Due to non -acceptability of conventional methods of control, the possibilities of its management through an indigenous strain of Curvularia lunata had been explored. . The present study experimentally emphasizes on the development of Curvularia lunata as a mycoherbicide in the management of the weed, Xanthium strumarium L., so C. lunata showed a good potential as a biocontrol agent for X. strumarium. Virulence and toxin production of C. lunata was of special interest. Spores of C. lunata easily germinated on X. strumarium leaves and invaded them through the stomata causing discrete leaf spots, which later coalesce causin...

Research paper thumbnail of In vitro antagonism of Trichoderma spp. against F. oxysporum f. sp. Ciceris

American academic & scholarly research journal, 2017

Trichoderma spp. have been developed into several commercial biological control products used in ... more Trichoderma spp. have been developed into several commercial biological control products used in field crop and greenhouse systems and are known to control numerous soil-borne diseases, such as those caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Ciceris . The present study was carried out to assess the efficacy of microbial antagonist for Fusarium wilt of chickpea . Biological control agents for plant diseases are currently being examined as alternatives to synthetic pesticides due to their perceived increased level of safety and minimal environmental impacts. Fungal biological control agents have several mechanisms of action that allow them to control pathogens, Trichoderma spp. has been widely used as antagonistic fungal agents against several pests. Among the three Trichoderma spp. tested in vitro ( T. harzianum, T. viride and T. koningii ), for antagonistic potentials against the fungus T. harzianum showed the best performance (89.8% inhibition) followed by T. viride (85.7...

Research paper thumbnail of Impact of herbicides Imazethpayr (Pursuit) and Oxyfluorfen (Goal) on weed control and yield of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Trials were initiated in 2007 to evaluate systems of weed management in peanut using herbicides. ... more Trials were initiated in 2007 to evaluate systems of weed management in peanut using herbicides. Two trials were conducted at Sudan University of Science and Technology, College of Agricultural Studies and Research Farm of University of Khartoum, Faculty of Agriculture, Shambat, to evaluate the efficacy of imazethapyr and oxyfluorfen herbicides for weed control at different rates, tolerance, and yield of the crop.The imazethapyr was used at rates of 0.175, 0.25, and 0.5 L/fed, for and oxyfluorfen at rates of 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 L/fed. Moreover, the two products were also combined at low, medium and high rates. The results showed significant differences at medium and high rates of the two herbicides combination and at hand weeding as compared to the unweeded control in the variety Medani and Sodari for growth and yield components. The highest reduction in yield was found in unweeded control, it was 49.89% in season 2007/2008 and 45.31% in season 2008/2009. Significant differences were...

Research paper thumbnail of Genetic Diversity of Dodder (Cuscuta Spp.) Collected from Khartoum and Gezira States

International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP), 2018

The study was carried out at the field dodder (Cuscuta spp.) in Khartoum and Gezira states, to st... more The study was carried out at the field dodder (Cuscuta spp.) in Khartoum and Gezira states, to study variation between 28 samples of it in two States using DNA Markers (RAPD). Four primers were used (OPAL15, OPAL18, OPB17 and OPAL20) to amplify the genomic DNA of 28 samples of Cuscuta spp. Two primers (OPB17, OP AL20) showed high percentage (100%) to amplify the genomic DNA polymorphism bands, while the other two primers (OPAL15, OPAL18) were produced (91.7%) polymorphism bands. UPGA analysis showed RAPD Distance Matrix range (0.10-0.98) which reflected high genetic diversity. The RAPD UPGA Tree Diagram showed high Molecular Variation within States. The resulting of four RAPD Markers analyses were Observed that tree diagram showed two groups A and B. Group A Consists of two sub group. As subgroup A1, and subgroup A2. Subgroup A1 have two sisters (Jebal-Ramtook and Jebal-Molokha) ,(Toti-Remet and Jebal-Amoyogha) and subgroup A2 have five sisters (Alkabash Alfalfa and Alfaki-hashim-Alfalfa) ,(Wad-Alkawahala-Onion and wada-Almajzoub Onion),(Shambat-Lime and Shambat Balloon plant),(Alalaphon Alfalfa and Omdurman-lime) and (Gezira Slang Alfalfa-and Shambat-Alfalfa).A group A and B correlated Consists variables. group B Have one sisters (Hantoob-Onion and Madina-Arab, Dahaser), (Helat-kok-Ghobash) As Subgroup A1, (Algeli-Alfalfa, Toti-Alfalfa, Khartoum-Dames, wad-Alkawahala-Onion and Algeli-Ramtook) has subgroup A2, (Shambat-Euphorbia) correlate with sub-A1, And A2 was showed sample (Alalaphon Dahaser) as out group and genetically close to each other's (sisters).

Research paper thumbnail of Survey for pink Root Rot of Onion (Pyrenochaeta terrestris) and its identification In Gezira State

International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP), 2018

This survey was conducted in Gezira State to detect the pink root rot disease of onion, caused by... more This survey was conducted in Gezira State to detect the pink root rot disease of onion, caused by Pyrenochaeta terrestris in Gezira State. The study evolved the isolation, identification of the causal agent of determination of the level of the disease incidence. Three locations within Gezira State were selected namely the vicinity of Almusallamih Tayiba, Wad Al ataya and Hamdalnil and located at North, central and south of the State respectively. The results showed that the local variety was found to be highly susceptible to the disease than the exported of the hybrid ones. The highest disease incidence was recorded in Hamdalnil (16.8%) while the lowest disease incidence was recorded at Wad Al ataya(9.23%). Koch's postulates were performed to prove that the fungus isolated Pyrenochaeta terrestris was the causal agent of the pink root rot on onion plants. The successful isolation of the fungus and the verification of its Pathogenicity test revealed the way for further epidemiological studies of the said disease.

Research paper thumbnail of Control of Chickpea Wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. Sp. Ciceris with Botanical Extracts and Fungicides

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2016

Wilt disease of chickpea caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris (Foc) is a complex and destr... more Wilt disease of chickpea caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris (Foc) is a complex and destructive disease all over the world. The genus Fusarium had many soil borne species which were distributed worldwide and known as plant pathogens

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of the Introduction Time of Trichoderma harzianum into Soil on its Biocontrol Potential against Meloidogyne javanica on Tomato Plants under Greenhouse Conditions

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Isolation of Seed borne Pathogens associated with Some Cereal grains in Khartoum State (Sudan)

International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP)

Seed borne fungi present on or inside the seed or as contaminant with the seed debris adversely a... more Seed borne fungi present on or inside the seed or as contaminant with the seed debris adversely affect seed viability, germination, emergence, plant growth vigour and eventually production and productivity. In the present study, seed borne fungi of 4 imported cereal seeds (Maize and Wheat) were examined and recovered from the seeds. The seeds were highly contaminated with Four fungal species (Aspergillus, Penicillum, Alternaia and Rhizopus) were detected in (Maize and Wheat) In maize Aspergillus recorded the highest fungi percent in Filter paper (28.67%) and Agar method (28.33%) Followed by Penicillium, Alternaria and Rhizopus (26.67,17.33 and5.33) respectively. The genus Aspergillus and Penicillum were the most prevalent genera followed by Alternaria and Rhizopus. Therefore, there is urgent need for development of proper Standard laboratory seed testing methods, fungal eradication measures, and adopting strong legislations and quarantine regulations. The use of certified and high grade seeds is a priority.

Research paper thumbnail of Anew host of dodder (Cuscuta spp.) Parasitizing Damas ( Conocarpus erectus) in Khartoum and Gezira states-Sudan

International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP), 2019

The study was carried out at the field dodder during season 2017-2018 in Khartoum and Gezira stat... more The study was carried out at the field dodder during season 2017-2018 in Khartoum and Gezira states to determine its all host of Cuscuta spp distributed in the two states using Global Positioning System (GPS) in the survey. The survey covered several areas in two states. The results showed that dodder species founded parasitizing in the North, East and West Khartoum state. The results revealed that the dodder have different host plants and new host (Damas Conocarpus erectus). It was founded parasitizing 12 plants species belonging to 12 families. Among the most affected host plants, were 6 grasses, 2 vegtables Crops (Onion, Allium cepa) and Molokhia (Corchorus oletorus), lime trees (Citrus aurantiifolia), forge Crops (Alfalfa, Medicago sativa), forest trees (Ghoubish, Guiera seneglensis, Damas) and Orumentals (Euphorbia Catharanthu svinca).High percentage incidence (100%) were recorded in Damas, Alfalfa, Molokhia,-Ramtook (Xanthium baraslicum). Lowest percentage incidence was recorded in Lime 1%. Results of Gezira state indicated that the dodder was found Parasitizing on North, East and West of the state. The host of it was Onion, Lokh Dicanthium annulatum and Dahaser Indigofera oblongifolia. Lowest percentage incidence 6.2%, were observed in onion.

Research paper thumbnail of Leaf Blight: A new Disease of Xanthium strumarium L. caused by Curvularia lunata and Drechslera spicifera in Sudan

Ramtouk (Xanthium strumarium L.) is a very common weed of many row crops in the temperate and sub... more Ramtouk (Xanthium strumarium L.) is a very common weed of many row crops in the temperate and subtropical regions in the world and it can invade cultivated fields, along beaches, coastal dunes, watercourses, railway embankments, roadsides, field edges and waste places. The weed prefers open communities with expectation of the mountains region (Kaul, 1971). The geographical distribution of X. strumarium extends from latitude 53°N to 33°S (Holm et al., 1977). According to Love and Dansereau (1959) it’s of Central and South America origin. In Sudan Xanthium International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 4 Number 1 (2015) pp. 511-515 http://www.ijcmas.com

Research paper thumbnail of Bioherbicidal Activity of Curvularia lunata on Common Cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.)

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2015

Common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.) is a biotype which has different morphology and higher ... more Common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.) is a biotype which has different morphology and higher seedling production ability. Greenhouse studies were conducted to investigate the bioherbicidal activity of Curvularia lunata on common cocklebur. Xanthium strumarium L. is an exotic plant responsible for several agricultural, environmental and health problems in Sudan. Due to non -acceptability of conventional methods of control, the possibilities of its management through an indigenous strain of Curvularia lunata had been explored. . The present study experimentally emphasizes on the development of Curvularia lunata as a mycoherbicide in the management of the weed, Xanthium strumarium L., so C. lunata showed a good potential as a biocontrol agent for X. strumarium. Virulence and toxin production of C. lunata was of special interest. Spores of C. lunata easily germinated on X. strumarium leaves and invaded them through the stomata causing discrete leaf spots, which later coalesce causin...

Research paper thumbnail of In vitro antagonism of Trichoderma spp. against F. oxysporum f. sp. Ciceris

American academic & scholarly research journal, 2017

Trichoderma spp. have been developed into several commercial biological control products used in ... more Trichoderma spp. have been developed into several commercial biological control products used in field crop and greenhouse systems and are known to control numerous soil-borne diseases, such as those caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Ciceris . The present study was carried out to assess the efficacy of microbial antagonist for Fusarium wilt of chickpea . Biological control agents for plant diseases are currently being examined as alternatives to synthetic pesticides due to their perceived increased level of safety and minimal environmental impacts. Fungal biological control agents have several mechanisms of action that allow them to control pathogens, Trichoderma spp. has been widely used as antagonistic fungal agents against several pests. Among the three Trichoderma spp. tested in vitro ( T. harzianum, T. viride and T. koningii ), for antagonistic potentials against the fungus T. harzianum showed the best performance (89.8% inhibition) followed by T. viride (85.7...

Research paper thumbnail of Impact of herbicides Imazethpayr (Pursuit) and Oxyfluorfen (Goal) on weed control and yield of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Trials were initiated in 2007 to evaluate systems of weed management in peanut using herbicides. ... more Trials were initiated in 2007 to evaluate systems of weed management in peanut using herbicides. Two trials were conducted at Sudan University of Science and Technology, College of Agricultural Studies and Research Farm of University of Khartoum, Faculty of Agriculture, Shambat, to evaluate the efficacy of imazethapyr and oxyfluorfen herbicides for weed control at different rates, tolerance, and yield of the crop.The imazethapyr was used at rates of 0.175, 0.25, and 0.5 L/fed, for and oxyfluorfen at rates of 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 L/fed. Moreover, the two products were also combined at low, medium and high rates. The results showed significant differences at medium and high rates of the two herbicides combination and at hand weeding as compared to the unweeded control in the variety Medani and Sodari for growth and yield components. The highest reduction in yield was found in unweeded control, it was 49.89% in season 2007/2008 and 45.31% in season 2008/2009. Significant differences were...

Research paper thumbnail of Genetic Diversity of Dodder (Cuscuta Spp.) Collected from Khartoum and Gezira States

International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP), 2018

The study was carried out at the field dodder (Cuscuta spp.) in Khartoum and Gezira states, to st... more The study was carried out at the field dodder (Cuscuta spp.) in Khartoum and Gezira states, to study variation between 28 samples of it in two States using DNA Markers (RAPD). Four primers were used (OPAL15, OPAL18, OPB17 and OPAL20) to amplify the genomic DNA of 28 samples of Cuscuta spp. Two primers (OPB17, OP AL20) showed high percentage (100%) to amplify the genomic DNA polymorphism bands, while the other two primers (OPAL15, OPAL18) were produced (91.7%) polymorphism bands. UPGA analysis showed RAPD Distance Matrix range (0.10-0.98) which reflected high genetic diversity. The RAPD UPGA Tree Diagram showed high Molecular Variation within States. The resulting of four RAPD Markers analyses were Observed that tree diagram showed two groups A and B. Group A Consists of two sub group. As subgroup A1, and subgroup A2. Subgroup A1 have two sisters (Jebal-Ramtook and Jebal-Molokha) ,(Toti-Remet and Jebal-Amoyogha) and subgroup A2 have five sisters (Alkabash Alfalfa and Alfaki-hashim-Alfalfa) ,(Wad-Alkawahala-Onion and wada-Almajzoub Onion),(Shambat-Lime and Shambat Balloon plant),(Alalaphon Alfalfa and Omdurman-lime) and (Gezira Slang Alfalfa-and Shambat-Alfalfa).A group A and B correlated Consists variables. group B Have one sisters (Hantoob-Onion and Madina-Arab, Dahaser), (Helat-kok-Ghobash) As Subgroup A1, (Algeli-Alfalfa, Toti-Alfalfa, Khartoum-Dames, wad-Alkawahala-Onion and Algeli-Ramtook) has subgroup A2, (Shambat-Euphorbia) correlate with sub-A1, And A2 was showed sample (Alalaphon Dahaser) as out group and genetically close to each other's (sisters).

Research paper thumbnail of Survey for pink Root Rot of Onion (Pyrenochaeta terrestris) and its identification In Gezira State

International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP), 2018

This survey was conducted in Gezira State to detect the pink root rot disease of onion, caused by... more This survey was conducted in Gezira State to detect the pink root rot disease of onion, caused by Pyrenochaeta terrestris in Gezira State. The study evolved the isolation, identification of the causal agent of determination of the level of the disease incidence. Three locations within Gezira State were selected namely the vicinity of Almusallamih Tayiba, Wad Al ataya and Hamdalnil and located at North, central and south of the State respectively. The results showed that the local variety was found to be highly susceptible to the disease than the exported of the hybrid ones. The highest disease incidence was recorded in Hamdalnil (16.8%) while the lowest disease incidence was recorded at Wad Al ataya(9.23%). Koch's postulates were performed to prove that the fungus isolated Pyrenochaeta terrestris was the causal agent of the pink root rot on onion plants. The successful isolation of the fungus and the verification of its Pathogenicity test revealed the way for further epidemiological studies of the said disease.

Research paper thumbnail of Control of Chickpea Wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. Sp. Ciceris with Botanical Extracts and Fungicides

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2016

Wilt disease of chickpea caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris (Foc) is a complex and destr... more Wilt disease of chickpea caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris (Foc) is a complex and destructive disease all over the world. The genus Fusarium had many soil borne species which were distributed worldwide and known as plant pathogens

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of the Introduction Time of Trichoderma harzianum into Soil on its Biocontrol Potential against Meloidogyne javanica on Tomato Plants under Greenhouse Conditions

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Isolation of Seed borne Pathogens associated with Some Cereal grains in Khartoum State (Sudan)

International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP)

Seed borne fungi present on or inside the seed or as contaminant with the seed debris adversely a... more Seed borne fungi present on or inside the seed or as contaminant with the seed debris adversely affect seed viability, germination, emergence, plant growth vigour and eventually production and productivity. In the present study, seed borne fungi of 4 imported cereal seeds (Maize and Wheat) were examined and recovered from the seeds. The seeds were highly contaminated with Four fungal species (Aspergillus, Penicillum, Alternaia and Rhizopus) were detected in (Maize and Wheat) In maize Aspergillus recorded the highest fungi percent in Filter paper (28.67%) and Agar method (28.33%) Followed by Penicillium, Alternaria and Rhizopus (26.67,17.33 and5.33) respectively. The genus Aspergillus and Penicillum were the most prevalent genera followed by Alternaria and Rhizopus. Therefore, there is urgent need for development of proper Standard laboratory seed testing methods, fungal eradication measures, and adopting strong legislations and quarantine regulations. The use of certified and high grade seeds is a priority.