Neeraj S Bhandari - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Neeraj S Bhandari

Molecules

Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors, often known as gliptins, have been used to treat typ... more Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors, often known as gliptins, have been used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). They may be combined with other medications as an additional treatment or used alone as a monotherapy. In addition to insulin, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, and metformin, these molecules appear as possible therapeutic options. Oxadiazole rings have been employed in numerous different ways during drug development efforts. It has been shown that including them in the pharmacophore increases the amount of ligand that may be bound. The exceptional hydrogen bond acceptor properties of oxadiazoles and the distinct hydrocarbon bonding potential of their regioisomers have been established. Beside their anti-diabetic effects, oxadiazoles display a wide range of pharmacological properties. In this study, we made the assumption that molecules containing oxadiazole rings may afford a different approach to the treatment of diabetes, not only for controlling glycemi...

International journal of health sciences

Acne vulgaris is a skin condition characterized by an obstruction or inflammation of the oil glan... more Acne vulgaris is a skin condition characterized by an obstruction or inflammation of the oil glands, present on skin's surface, which are collectively termed as pilosebaceous units. The skin on face, back, and upper chest have a greater number of sebaceous follicles. Topical, systemic, or combination therapy can be used to treat acne, while mild and moderate acne are generally treated with topical therapy. Topical acne therapy has direct access to the target site (skin) prior to reaching the blood stream, thereby reducing the systemic adverse effects of delivery of drug via parenteral or oral routes. Oral antibiotics, on the other hand, are a crucial treatment for acne which have not improved with topical treatment and for inflammatory lesions, such as pustules, nodules, and papules. Due to their capability to improve dermal therapeutics by boosting therapeutic efficacy and lowering adverse effects, nanodelivery technologies, developed to address skin delivery difficulties, have...

Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Apr 16, 2013

Spherical crystallization is a fast developing technique of particle design in which crystallizat... more Spherical crystallization is a fast developing technique of particle design in which crystallization and agglomeration can be achieved simultaneously in one step. It has been successfully utilized for improvement of flow ability and compactability of crystalline drugs. The principle steps involved in the process of spherical crystallization are flocculation zone, zero growth zone, fast growth zone and constant size zone. General methods of spherical crystallization are emulsion solvent diffusion, spherical agglomeration, ammonia diffusion method and neutralization method. Factors controlling the process of agglomeration are solubility profile, mode and intensity of agitation, temperature of the system and residence time. Characterization of spherical crystals can be carried out using Optical Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, X-ray Powder Diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Thin layer Chromatography.

Skin acts as a major target as well as a principal barrier for topical/transdermal drug delivery.... more Skin acts as a major target as well as a principal barrier for topical/transdermal drug delivery. Despite the many advantages of this system, the major obstacle is the low diffusion rate of drugs across the stratum corneum. Several methods have be tried to increase the permeation rate of drugs temporarily. One simple and convenient approach is application of drugs in formulation with elastic vesicles or skin enhancers. Vesicular system is one of the most controversial methods for transdermal delivery of active substances in that ethosome are the ethanolic phospholipids vesicles which are used mainly for transdermal delivery of drugs. Ethosomes have higher penetration rate through skin due to its ethanolic content. In this article reviews various aspect of ethosomes including their mechanism of penetration, preparation, advantages, characterization, composition, preparation, application and marketed product. These carriers open new challenges and opportunities for the development of ...

Nanotechnology revolutionary changes in the field of life sciences including drug delivery, diagn... more Nanotechnology revolutionary changes in the field of life sciences including drug delivery, diagnostics, nutraceuticals and biomedical for implants and prosthesis. The advance in nanotechnology helps in preparing newer formula Controlled release drug products are often formulated to permit the establishment and maintenance of drug concentration at target site for longer interval of time. One such technique of drug targeting is ‘niosome’. In order to minimize the problems physical stability such as aggregation, fusion and leaking and to provide additional convenience in transportation, distribution, storage and dosing etc. a dry product can be prepared from niosome called proniosome. In all compariso than conventional niosome is the preparation of proniosomes solid colloidal particles which may be hydrated immediately before use to yie cumbersome conventional methods. These 'proniosomes' minimize problems of niosome physical stability such as aggregation, fusion and leaking, ...

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021

Background—Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC) is a rare, morbid, fatal cancer with distressing... more Background—Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC) is a rare, morbid, fatal cancer with distressing symptoms. Maintaining a high quality of life while reducing hospital charges and length of stay (LOS) for the end-of-life period remains a major challenge for the healthcare system. Palliative care utilization has been shown to address these challenges; moreover, its use has increased in recent years among cancer patients. However, the utilization of palliative care in rare cancers, such as ECC, has not yet been explored. Objectives—To investigate palliative care utilization among ECC patients admitted to US hospitals between 2007 and 2016 and its association with patient demographics, clinical characteristics, hospital charges, and LOS. Methods—De-identified patient data of each hospitalization were retrieved from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database. Codes V66.7 (ICD-9-CM) or Z51.5 (ICD-10-CM) were used to find palliative care utilization. Multivariate adjusted logistic regres...

Health Services Research and Managerial Epidemiology, 2020

Background: It is unknown whether recent increase in mortality and morbidity linked to mental des... more Background: It is unknown whether recent increase in mortality and morbidity linked to mental despair (eg, suicide, opioid addiction, alcoholism) in midlife non-Hispanic whites (NHWs) was accompanied by declines in mental well-being of NHW children. The author examined aggregate trends in the mental well-being of NHW children between 2003 and 2018. Methods: The author used linear (unadjusted) regression to generate estimates of long period (ie, between 2003-2005 and 2016-2018) and annual change in mental well-being and self-assessed health from the National Health Interview Survey data on 68 057 NHW children (aged 4-17 years). Results: The NHW children showed no significant change in any of the tracked indicators (composite Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire [SDQ] 5-item score: long period: −0.03, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.09 to 0.02, annual: −0.00, 95% CI: −0.01 to 0.00; severe impairment in mental function: long period: 0.01, 95% CI: 0.00 to 0.02; subjective perception...

Medical Care, 2019

Objective: The objective of this study was to measure the dissemination of comparative provider q... more Objective: The objective of this study was to measure the dissemination of comparative provider quality information (CPQI) and evaluate its impact on consumers’ awareness and use of CPQI. Data Sources: Two-period, random-digit-dial panel survey of chronically ill consumers residing in 14 regions of the United States; summaries of CPQI dissemination activities of regional multistakeholder alliances; and the LexisNexis Academic and Access World News databases. Study Design/Methods: Fixed effects regression to isolate the effect of CPQI producers’ dissemination activities and the print media’s CPQI coverage on chronically ill consumers’ self-reported awareness and use of CPQI. Principal Findings: Direct CPQI dissemination had no overall effect on either awareness or use of CPQI. One unit increase in the media coverage of an Aligning Forces for Quality (AF4Q) multistakeholder alliance report increased consumer awareness and use of CPQI by 1.4 percentage points (P=0.049) and 1.1 percenta...

Health services research, Aug 28, 2016

To determine if the release of health care report cards focused on physician practice quality mea... more To determine if the release of health care report cards focused on physician practice quality measures leads to changes in consumers' awareness and use of this information. Data from two rounds of a survey of the chronically ill adult population conducted in 14 regions across the United States, combined with longitudinal information from a public reporting tracking database. Both data were collected as part of the evaluation for Aligning Forces for Quality, a nationwide quality improvement initiative funded by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Using a longitudinal design and an individual-level fixed effects modeling approach, we estimated the impact of community public reporting efforts, measured by the availability and applicability of physician quality reports, on consumers' awareness and use of physician quality information (PQI). The baseline level of awareness was 12.6 percent in our study sample, drawn from the general population of chronically ill adults. Among tho...

Journal of Health Psychology, 2016

Unexpected health-endangering events that lead to an emergency department visit may be perceived ... more Unexpected health-endangering events that lead to an emergency department visit may be perceived as “wake-up calls” and induce significant changes in health-related behavior (“health shock” effect). This study uses two waves of a survey of 826 adults with depression and finds that having an emergency department visit(s) increased medication adherence by 7.6 percentage points ( p

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA

Consumers facing barriers to healthcare access may use online health information seeking and onli... more Consumers facing barriers to healthcare access may use online health information seeking and online communication with physicians, but the empirical relationship has not been sufficiently analyzed. Our study examines the association of barriers to healthcare access with consumers' health-related information searching on the internet, use of health chat groups, and email communication with physicians, using data from 27,210 adults from the 2009 National Health Interview Survey. Individuals with financial barriers to healthcare access, difficulty getting timely appointments with doctors, and conflicts in scheduling during clinic hours are more likely to search for general health information online than those without these access barriers. Those unable to get timely appointments with physicians are more likely to participate in health chat groups and email physicians. The internet may offer a low-cost source of health information and could help meet the heightened demand for health...

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021

The resilience of the healthcare industry, often considered recession-proof, is being tested by t... more The resilience of the healthcare industry, often considered recession-proof, is being tested by the COVID-19 induced reductions in physical mobility and restrictions on elective and non-emergent medical procedures. We assess early COVID-19 effects on the dynamics of decline and recovery in healthcare labor markets in the United States. Descriptive analyses with monthly cross-sectional data on unemployment rates, employment, labor market entry/exit, and weekly work hours among healthcare workers in each healthcare industry and occupation, using the Current Population Survey from July 2019−2020 were performed. We found that unemployment rates increased dramatically for all healthcare industries, with the strongest early impacts on dentists’ offices (41.3%), outpatient centers (10.5%), physician offices (9.5%), and home health (7.8%). Lower paid workers such as technologists/technicians (10.5%) and healthcare aides (12.6%) were hit hardest and faced persistently high unemployment, whil...

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2020

Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is a postnatal withdrawal syndrome among neonates born to moth... more Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is a postnatal withdrawal syndrome among neonates born to mothers with drug dependence disorders. NAS poses a significant public health challenge nationally, with a six-fold increase in incidence (1.2 to 6.7 per 1000 hospital births/year) from 2000–2016. Besides national data, it is critical to quantify NAS at the state-level to identify target areas for prevention. The objectives of this study were to ascertain statewide burden, including county and regional distribution of NAS in Nevada during 2016–2018, and to investigate potential factors associated with NAS. This study utilized hospital administrative data, and a total of 100,845 inpatient pediatric discharges were examined to identify NAS cases. Statistical analyses included estimation of crude incidence rates per 1000 hospital births and multilevel logistic regression modeling. NAS incidence in Nevada decreased slightly from 8.6 to 7.7 per 1000 hospital births between 2016 and 2018, but the ...

Nanotechnology is an advancing technology expected to bring revolutionary changes in the field of... more Nanotechnology is an advancing technology expected to bring revolutionary changes in the field of life sciences including drug delivery, diagnostics, nutraceuticals and biomedical for implants and prosthesis. The advance in nanotechnology helps in preparing newer formula Controlled release drug products are often formulated to permit the establishment and maintenance of drug concentration at target site for longer interval of time. One such technique of drug targeting is 'niosome'. In order to minimize the problems physical stability such as aggregation, fusion and leaking and to provide additional convenience in transportation, distribution, storage and dosing etc. a dry product can be prepared from niosome called proniosome. In all compariso ns, proniosomes are as good as or better than conventional niosome . One of the advancement in nanotechnology is the preparation of proniosomes - derived niosomes. Proniosomes are solid colloidal particles which may be hydrated immedia...

Molecules

Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors, often known as gliptins, have been used to treat typ... more Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors, often known as gliptins, have been used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). They may be combined with other medications as an additional treatment or used alone as a monotherapy. In addition to insulin, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, and metformin, these molecules appear as possible therapeutic options. Oxadiazole rings have been employed in numerous different ways during drug development efforts. It has been shown that including them in the pharmacophore increases the amount of ligand that may be bound. The exceptional hydrogen bond acceptor properties of oxadiazoles and the distinct hydrocarbon bonding potential of their regioisomers have been established. Beside their anti-diabetic effects, oxadiazoles display a wide range of pharmacological properties. In this study, we made the assumption that molecules containing oxadiazole rings may afford a different approach to the treatment of diabetes, not only for controlling glycemi...

International journal of health sciences

Acne vulgaris is a skin condition characterized by an obstruction or inflammation of the oil glan... more Acne vulgaris is a skin condition characterized by an obstruction or inflammation of the oil glands, present on skin's surface, which are collectively termed as pilosebaceous units. The skin on face, back, and upper chest have a greater number of sebaceous follicles. Topical, systemic, or combination therapy can be used to treat acne, while mild and moderate acne are generally treated with topical therapy. Topical acne therapy has direct access to the target site (skin) prior to reaching the blood stream, thereby reducing the systemic adverse effects of delivery of drug via parenteral or oral routes. Oral antibiotics, on the other hand, are a crucial treatment for acne which have not improved with topical treatment and for inflammatory lesions, such as pustules, nodules, and papules. Due to their capability to improve dermal therapeutics by boosting therapeutic efficacy and lowering adverse effects, nanodelivery technologies, developed to address skin delivery difficulties, have...

Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Apr 16, 2013

Spherical crystallization is a fast developing technique of particle design in which crystallizat... more Spherical crystallization is a fast developing technique of particle design in which crystallization and agglomeration can be achieved simultaneously in one step. It has been successfully utilized for improvement of flow ability and compactability of crystalline drugs. The principle steps involved in the process of spherical crystallization are flocculation zone, zero growth zone, fast growth zone and constant size zone. General methods of spherical crystallization are emulsion solvent diffusion, spherical agglomeration, ammonia diffusion method and neutralization method. Factors controlling the process of agglomeration are solubility profile, mode and intensity of agitation, temperature of the system and residence time. Characterization of spherical crystals can be carried out using Optical Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, X-ray Powder Diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Thin layer Chromatography.

Skin acts as a major target as well as a principal barrier for topical/transdermal drug delivery.... more Skin acts as a major target as well as a principal barrier for topical/transdermal drug delivery. Despite the many advantages of this system, the major obstacle is the low diffusion rate of drugs across the stratum corneum. Several methods have be tried to increase the permeation rate of drugs temporarily. One simple and convenient approach is application of drugs in formulation with elastic vesicles or skin enhancers. Vesicular system is one of the most controversial methods for transdermal delivery of active substances in that ethosome are the ethanolic phospholipids vesicles which are used mainly for transdermal delivery of drugs. Ethosomes have higher penetration rate through skin due to its ethanolic content. In this article reviews various aspect of ethosomes including their mechanism of penetration, preparation, advantages, characterization, composition, preparation, application and marketed product. These carriers open new challenges and opportunities for the development of ...

Nanotechnology revolutionary changes in the field of life sciences including drug delivery, diagn... more Nanotechnology revolutionary changes in the field of life sciences including drug delivery, diagnostics, nutraceuticals and biomedical for implants and prosthesis. The advance in nanotechnology helps in preparing newer formula Controlled release drug products are often formulated to permit the establishment and maintenance of drug concentration at target site for longer interval of time. One such technique of drug targeting is ‘niosome’. In order to minimize the problems physical stability such as aggregation, fusion and leaking and to provide additional convenience in transportation, distribution, storage and dosing etc. a dry product can be prepared from niosome called proniosome. In all compariso than conventional niosome is the preparation of proniosomes solid colloidal particles which may be hydrated immediately before use to yie cumbersome conventional methods. These 'proniosomes' minimize problems of niosome physical stability such as aggregation, fusion and leaking, ...

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021

Background—Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC) is a rare, morbid, fatal cancer with distressing... more Background—Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC) is a rare, morbid, fatal cancer with distressing symptoms. Maintaining a high quality of life while reducing hospital charges and length of stay (LOS) for the end-of-life period remains a major challenge for the healthcare system. Palliative care utilization has been shown to address these challenges; moreover, its use has increased in recent years among cancer patients. However, the utilization of palliative care in rare cancers, such as ECC, has not yet been explored. Objectives—To investigate palliative care utilization among ECC patients admitted to US hospitals between 2007 and 2016 and its association with patient demographics, clinical characteristics, hospital charges, and LOS. Methods—De-identified patient data of each hospitalization were retrieved from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database. Codes V66.7 (ICD-9-CM) or Z51.5 (ICD-10-CM) were used to find palliative care utilization. Multivariate adjusted logistic regres...

Health Services Research and Managerial Epidemiology, 2020

Background: It is unknown whether recent increase in mortality and morbidity linked to mental des... more Background: It is unknown whether recent increase in mortality and morbidity linked to mental despair (eg, suicide, opioid addiction, alcoholism) in midlife non-Hispanic whites (NHWs) was accompanied by declines in mental well-being of NHW children. The author examined aggregate trends in the mental well-being of NHW children between 2003 and 2018. Methods: The author used linear (unadjusted) regression to generate estimates of long period (ie, between 2003-2005 and 2016-2018) and annual change in mental well-being and self-assessed health from the National Health Interview Survey data on 68 057 NHW children (aged 4-17 years). Results: The NHW children showed no significant change in any of the tracked indicators (composite Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire [SDQ] 5-item score: long period: −0.03, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.09 to 0.02, annual: −0.00, 95% CI: −0.01 to 0.00; severe impairment in mental function: long period: 0.01, 95% CI: 0.00 to 0.02; subjective perception...

Medical Care, 2019

Objective: The objective of this study was to measure the dissemination of comparative provider q... more Objective: The objective of this study was to measure the dissemination of comparative provider quality information (CPQI) and evaluate its impact on consumers’ awareness and use of CPQI. Data Sources: Two-period, random-digit-dial panel survey of chronically ill consumers residing in 14 regions of the United States; summaries of CPQI dissemination activities of regional multistakeholder alliances; and the LexisNexis Academic and Access World News databases. Study Design/Methods: Fixed effects regression to isolate the effect of CPQI producers’ dissemination activities and the print media’s CPQI coverage on chronically ill consumers’ self-reported awareness and use of CPQI. Principal Findings: Direct CPQI dissemination had no overall effect on either awareness or use of CPQI. One unit increase in the media coverage of an Aligning Forces for Quality (AF4Q) multistakeholder alliance report increased consumer awareness and use of CPQI by 1.4 percentage points (P=0.049) and 1.1 percenta...

Health services research, Aug 28, 2016

To determine if the release of health care report cards focused on physician practice quality mea... more To determine if the release of health care report cards focused on physician practice quality measures leads to changes in consumers' awareness and use of this information. Data from two rounds of a survey of the chronically ill adult population conducted in 14 regions across the United States, combined with longitudinal information from a public reporting tracking database. Both data were collected as part of the evaluation for Aligning Forces for Quality, a nationwide quality improvement initiative funded by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Using a longitudinal design and an individual-level fixed effects modeling approach, we estimated the impact of community public reporting efforts, measured by the availability and applicability of physician quality reports, on consumers' awareness and use of physician quality information (PQI). The baseline level of awareness was 12.6 percent in our study sample, drawn from the general population of chronically ill adults. Among tho...

Journal of Health Psychology, 2016

Unexpected health-endangering events that lead to an emergency department visit may be perceived ... more Unexpected health-endangering events that lead to an emergency department visit may be perceived as “wake-up calls” and induce significant changes in health-related behavior (“health shock” effect). This study uses two waves of a survey of 826 adults with depression and finds that having an emergency department visit(s) increased medication adherence by 7.6 percentage points ( p

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA

Consumers facing barriers to healthcare access may use online health information seeking and onli... more Consumers facing barriers to healthcare access may use online health information seeking and online communication with physicians, but the empirical relationship has not been sufficiently analyzed. Our study examines the association of barriers to healthcare access with consumers' health-related information searching on the internet, use of health chat groups, and email communication with physicians, using data from 27,210 adults from the 2009 National Health Interview Survey. Individuals with financial barriers to healthcare access, difficulty getting timely appointments with doctors, and conflicts in scheduling during clinic hours are more likely to search for general health information online than those without these access barriers. Those unable to get timely appointments with physicians are more likely to participate in health chat groups and email physicians. The internet may offer a low-cost source of health information and could help meet the heightened demand for health...

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021

The resilience of the healthcare industry, often considered recession-proof, is being tested by t... more The resilience of the healthcare industry, often considered recession-proof, is being tested by the COVID-19 induced reductions in physical mobility and restrictions on elective and non-emergent medical procedures. We assess early COVID-19 effects on the dynamics of decline and recovery in healthcare labor markets in the United States. Descriptive analyses with monthly cross-sectional data on unemployment rates, employment, labor market entry/exit, and weekly work hours among healthcare workers in each healthcare industry and occupation, using the Current Population Survey from July 2019−2020 were performed. We found that unemployment rates increased dramatically for all healthcare industries, with the strongest early impacts on dentists’ offices (41.3%), outpatient centers (10.5%), physician offices (9.5%), and home health (7.8%). Lower paid workers such as technologists/technicians (10.5%) and healthcare aides (12.6%) were hit hardest and faced persistently high unemployment, whil...

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2020

Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is a postnatal withdrawal syndrome among neonates born to moth... more Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is a postnatal withdrawal syndrome among neonates born to mothers with drug dependence disorders. NAS poses a significant public health challenge nationally, with a six-fold increase in incidence (1.2 to 6.7 per 1000 hospital births/year) from 2000–2016. Besides national data, it is critical to quantify NAS at the state-level to identify target areas for prevention. The objectives of this study were to ascertain statewide burden, including county and regional distribution of NAS in Nevada during 2016–2018, and to investigate potential factors associated with NAS. This study utilized hospital administrative data, and a total of 100,845 inpatient pediatric discharges were examined to identify NAS cases. Statistical analyses included estimation of crude incidence rates per 1000 hospital births and multilevel logistic regression modeling. NAS incidence in Nevada decreased slightly from 8.6 to 7.7 per 1000 hospital births between 2016 and 2018, but the ...

Nanotechnology is an advancing technology expected to bring revolutionary changes in the field of... more Nanotechnology is an advancing technology expected to bring revolutionary changes in the field of life sciences including drug delivery, diagnostics, nutraceuticals and biomedical for implants and prosthesis. The advance in nanotechnology helps in preparing newer formula Controlled release drug products are often formulated to permit the establishment and maintenance of drug concentration at target site for longer interval of time. One such technique of drug targeting is 'niosome'. In order to minimize the problems physical stability such as aggregation, fusion and leaking and to provide additional convenience in transportation, distribution, storage and dosing etc. a dry product can be prepared from niosome called proniosome. In all compariso ns, proniosomes are as good as or better than conventional niosome . One of the advancement in nanotechnology is the preparation of proniosomes - derived niosomes. Proniosomes are solid colloidal particles which may be hydrated immedia...