Nikitha Pillai - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Nikitha Pillai
An International Journal Clinical Rhinology
Aim and objective: A rare presentation of intractable massive recurrent epistaxis diagnosed and m... more Aim and objective: A rare presentation of intractable massive recurrent epistaxis diagnosed and managed. Background: Traumatic intracranial pesudoaneurysm is a rare complication of blunt trauma. Intracranial internal carotid artery pseudoaneurysm may rupture leading to delayed onset, massive, recurrent epistaxis, which requires an emergency intervention. Case description: Here, we present a case of recurrent massive intractable epistaxis due to a sphenoidal prolapse of supraclinoid part of right internal carotid artery, presenting as a pseudoaneurysm, secondary to a post-traumatic fracture dehiscence of roof of sphenoid, diagnosed with the help of a computed tomography angiography. The patient was treated successfully with a primary endovascular coiling. Conclusion: Intractable epistaxis due to a post-traumatic pseudoaneurysm is quite rare and can be fatal and hence need to be considered in the differential diagnosis of massive recurrent uncontrollable epistaxis and treated at the earliest. Clinical significance: The reach of presentations of such rare cases should be broadened as these are difficult to be diagnosed and managed. Inadequate and untimely diagnosis and management of such cases can cost the life of the patients.
IP Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Allied Science, Jan 13, 2020
International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 2021
Background: Nasal polyps are associated with chronic inflammation of the nasal cavity and sinus m... more Background: Nasal polyps are associated with chronic inflammation of the nasal cavity and sinus mucosa. Steroids are the main stay of medical treatment. FESS is indicated when medical treatment fails. Bleeding during surgery can impair the surgical field during operation and increase the time duration and risks of complications. Pre-operative corticosteroids help reduce bleeding during surgery. The objectives of the study was to study and compare the effects of pre operative intra nasal steroid spray and oral steroid on intra-operative bleed in FESS for nasal polyposis. Methods: 60 patients diagnosed with nasal polyposis were sequentially divided into 2 groups. Group A received intranasal steroid spray and Group B received oral steroid each for 7 days. Patients of both groups underwent FESS under general anaesthesia. Bleeding volume and quality of surgical field were assessed during the procedure to evaluate the effect of pre operative steroids in bleeding in FESS. Results: Majority...
Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, 2021
International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 2021
Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is characterized by inflammatory changes in the nasal mucosa c... more Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is characterized by inflammatory changes in the nasal mucosa caused by exposure to inhaled allergens. AR clinically having 2 or more symptoms of anterior or posterior rhinorrhea, sneezing, nasal blockage or itching of the nose during two or more consecutive days for more than 1 hour on most days which are caused by allergen exposure leading to an IgE mediated reaction. Nasal steroids and antihistamines are considered as gold standard treatment of choice in moderate to severe AR. This study was taken to evaluate the efficacy of intranasal steroid spray, isotonic saline nasal irrigation, combination therapy and to compare all 3 treatment modalities.Methods: 75 patients of AR who met inclusion criteria were sequentially divided into 3 groups. Group A was intranasal steroid spray, group B was isotonic saline nasal irrigation, group C was combination of both intranasal steroid spray and saline nasal irrigation. Total nasal symptoms score was compared be...
International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 2021
Background: Pseudocyst of pinna is a cystic swelling formed due to collection of fluid between th... more Background: Pseudocyst of pinna is a cystic swelling formed due to collection of fluid between the auricular cartilage and perichondrium. It can occur spontaneously or after surgery or trauma. Successful treatment is challenging despite the availability of various treatment modalities because of high rate of recurrence. This study was taken up to compare the outcomes of window operation and through and through suturing.Methods: 30 patients diagnosed with auricular pseudocyst/seroma were randomized into 2 groups. Group 1 patients underwent window operation and group 2 underwent through and through suturing. Patients were followed up at the end of 10th day, 1 month and 2 months following procedures to assess and compare the outcome of each.Results: The recurrence rate was 20% for group 1 patients. 2 patients of group 1 developed perichondritis and abscess following window operation. The percentage of cosmetic deformity was 13.3% in group 1 patients. Group 2 patients had no complicatio...
Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, 2021
Corona virus also known as 2019 novel corona virus, a single stranded positive sense RNA virus is... more Corona virus also known as 2019 novel corona virus, a single stranded positive sense RNA virus is the causative agent of COVID 19 disease. It mainly spreads via the respiratory route by means of aerosols. The objectives of our study were. To know the prevalence of ENT presentations in COVID 19 patients and to know the relationship between the symptoms and category of the disease as well as to know the relation between the blood group and recovery from the disease. The first 500 patients who were tested positive for COVID 19 and getting treated in our hospital were included in the study after taking written informed consent from the patients who were willing to participate in the study. A detailed history was taken from all the patients and more stress was given on the ENT symptoms with respect to its onset, duration and time taken for the relief of symptoms. The ENT symptoms were compared with the category of the disease as well as the blood group of the patients. Statistical analys...
Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, 2018
To identify patients of vocal cord paresis and palsy and to establish an etiological diagnosis ba... more To identify patients of vocal cord paresis and palsy and to establish an etiological diagnosis based on a study performed in a tertiary centre. Study was done prospectively in the Department of ENT in KIMS Hospital, Bangalore, for 1 year, from June 2016 to June 2017. 100 patients with vocal cord paresis and palsy were identified and examined by using various tests and investigations to establish the etiology. Most of the patients presented with complaints of change in voice (92%). Some of the other common presenting complaints included noisy breathing and difficulty in swallowing, difficulty in voice production and vocal fatigue and cough. Unilateral paralysis (82%) was found to be more common than bilateral paralysis (18%), of which left (52%) was more commonly affected than right (48%) vocal cord. The most common age group affected was 51-60 years (24%) followed by 61-70 years (19%). Males (60%) were affected more than females (40%) in a ratio of 3:2 and among the affected males 73% were known smokers. The most common cause of vocal cord paresis and palsy was found to be idiopathic (38%), followed by primary laryngeal growths (27%). Other causes included carcinomas of lung, thyroid and oesophagus, traumatic, inflammatory, systemic diseases like Rheumatoid arthritis, Hypertension leading to stroke. Identifying the exact etiopathogenesis of vocal cord paresis and palsy in patients has been difficult and is very important in order to establish a proper diagnostic and treatment protocol for these patients.
Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, 2018
A patient with diffuse axonal injury, with compound type 2 fracture of left tibia and fat embolis... more A patient with diffuse axonal injury, with compound type 2 fracture of left tibia and fat embolism, post road traffic accident, was taken up for tracheostomy. He was diagnosed to have developed bilateral pneumothorax following the procedure, which according to literature has been of rare incidence. The causes of the pneumothorax following the procedure could be attributed to a tear or trauma in the posterior tracheal wall while inserting the tube or due to the rupture of alveolar bullae or bleb.
New Frontiers in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 17, 2021
An International Journal Clinical Rhinology
Aim and objective: A rare presentation of intractable massive recurrent epistaxis diagnosed and m... more Aim and objective: A rare presentation of intractable massive recurrent epistaxis diagnosed and managed. Background: Traumatic intracranial pesudoaneurysm is a rare complication of blunt trauma. Intracranial internal carotid artery pseudoaneurysm may rupture leading to delayed onset, massive, recurrent epistaxis, which requires an emergency intervention. Case description: Here, we present a case of recurrent massive intractable epistaxis due to a sphenoidal prolapse of supraclinoid part of right internal carotid artery, presenting as a pseudoaneurysm, secondary to a post-traumatic fracture dehiscence of roof of sphenoid, diagnosed with the help of a computed tomography angiography. The patient was treated successfully with a primary endovascular coiling. Conclusion: Intractable epistaxis due to a post-traumatic pseudoaneurysm is quite rare and can be fatal and hence need to be considered in the differential diagnosis of massive recurrent uncontrollable epistaxis and treated at the earliest. Clinical significance: The reach of presentations of such rare cases should be broadened as these are difficult to be diagnosed and managed. Inadequate and untimely diagnosis and management of such cases can cost the life of the patients.
IP Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Allied Science, Jan 13, 2020
International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 2021
Background: Nasal polyps are associated with chronic inflammation of the nasal cavity and sinus m... more Background: Nasal polyps are associated with chronic inflammation of the nasal cavity and sinus mucosa. Steroids are the main stay of medical treatment. FESS is indicated when medical treatment fails. Bleeding during surgery can impair the surgical field during operation and increase the time duration and risks of complications. Pre-operative corticosteroids help reduce bleeding during surgery. The objectives of the study was to study and compare the effects of pre operative intra nasal steroid spray and oral steroid on intra-operative bleed in FESS for nasal polyposis. Methods: 60 patients diagnosed with nasal polyposis were sequentially divided into 2 groups. Group A received intranasal steroid spray and Group B received oral steroid each for 7 days. Patients of both groups underwent FESS under general anaesthesia. Bleeding volume and quality of surgical field were assessed during the procedure to evaluate the effect of pre operative steroids in bleeding in FESS. Results: Majority...
Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, 2021
International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 2021
Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is characterized by inflammatory changes in the nasal mucosa c... more Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is characterized by inflammatory changes in the nasal mucosa caused by exposure to inhaled allergens. AR clinically having 2 or more symptoms of anterior or posterior rhinorrhea, sneezing, nasal blockage or itching of the nose during two or more consecutive days for more than 1 hour on most days which are caused by allergen exposure leading to an IgE mediated reaction. Nasal steroids and antihistamines are considered as gold standard treatment of choice in moderate to severe AR. This study was taken to evaluate the efficacy of intranasal steroid spray, isotonic saline nasal irrigation, combination therapy and to compare all 3 treatment modalities.Methods: 75 patients of AR who met inclusion criteria were sequentially divided into 3 groups. Group A was intranasal steroid spray, group B was isotonic saline nasal irrigation, group C was combination of both intranasal steroid spray and saline nasal irrigation. Total nasal symptoms score was compared be...
International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 2021
Background: Pseudocyst of pinna is a cystic swelling formed due to collection of fluid between th... more Background: Pseudocyst of pinna is a cystic swelling formed due to collection of fluid between the auricular cartilage and perichondrium. It can occur spontaneously or after surgery or trauma. Successful treatment is challenging despite the availability of various treatment modalities because of high rate of recurrence. This study was taken up to compare the outcomes of window operation and through and through suturing.Methods: 30 patients diagnosed with auricular pseudocyst/seroma were randomized into 2 groups. Group 1 patients underwent window operation and group 2 underwent through and through suturing. Patients were followed up at the end of 10th day, 1 month and 2 months following procedures to assess and compare the outcome of each.Results: The recurrence rate was 20% for group 1 patients. 2 patients of group 1 developed perichondritis and abscess following window operation. The percentage of cosmetic deformity was 13.3% in group 1 patients. Group 2 patients had no complicatio...
Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, 2021
Corona virus also known as 2019 novel corona virus, a single stranded positive sense RNA virus is... more Corona virus also known as 2019 novel corona virus, a single stranded positive sense RNA virus is the causative agent of COVID 19 disease. It mainly spreads via the respiratory route by means of aerosols. The objectives of our study were. To know the prevalence of ENT presentations in COVID 19 patients and to know the relationship between the symptoms and category of the disease as well as to know the relation between the blood group and recovery from the disease. The first 500 patients who were tested positive for COVID 19 and getting treated in our hospital were included in the study after taking written informed consent from the patients who were willing to participate in the study. A detailed history was taken from all the patients and more stress was given on the ENT symptoms with respect to its onset, duration and time taken for the relief of symptoms. The ENT symptoms were compared with the category of the disease as well as the blood group of the patients. Statistical analys...
Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, 2018
To identify patients of vocal cord paresis and palsy and to establish an etiological diagnosis ba... more To identify patients of vocal cord paresis and palsy and to establish an etiological diagnosis based on a study performed in a tertiary centre. Study was done prospectively in the Department of ENT in KIMS Hospital, Bangalore, for 1 year, from June 2016 to June 2017. 100 patients with vocal cord paresis and palsy were identified and examined by using various tests and investigations to establish the etiology. Most of the patients presented with complaints of change in voice (92%). Some of the other common presenting complaints included noisy breathing and difficulty in swallowing, difficulty in voice production and vocal fatigue and cough. Unilateral paralysis (82%) was found to be more common than bilateral paralysis (18%), of which left (52%) was more commonly affected than right (48%) vocal cord. The most common age group affected was 51-60 years (24%) followed by 61-70 years (19%). Males (60%) were affected more than females (40%) in a ratio of 3:2 and among the affected males 73% were known smokers. The most common cause of vocal cord paresis and palsy was found to be idiopathic (38%), followed by primary laryngeal growths (27%). Other causes included carcinomas of lung, thyroid and oesophagus, traumatic, inflammatory, systemic diseases like Rheumatoid arthritis, Hypertension leading to stroke. Identifying the exact etiopathogenesis of vocal cord paresis and palsy in patients has been difficult and is very important in order to establish a proper diagnostic and treatment protocol for these patients.
Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, 2018
A patient with diffuse axonal injury, with compound type 2 fracture of left tibia and fat embolis... more A patient with diffuse axonal injury, with compound type 2 fracture of left tibia and fat embolism, post road traffic accident, was taken up for tracheostomy. He was diagnosed to have developed bilateral pneumothorax following the procedure, which according to literature has been of rare incidence. The causes of the pneumothorax following the procedure could be attributed to a tear or trauma in the posterior tracheal wall while inserting the tube or due to the rupture of alveolar bullae or bleb.
New Frontiers in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 17, 2021