Nisar Dar - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Nisar Dar

International Journal of Orthopaedics Sciences, 2018

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2016

Foreign body aspiration is a common life threatening emergency and easily preventable problem. 1 ... more Foreign body aspiration is a common life threatening emergency and easily preventable problem. 1 Infants and kids are more vulnerable due to immature swallowing coordination, lack of adequate dentition and they are tempted to put objects into their mouth. Foreign body inhalation presents with a variety of clinical pictures ranging from irritability, coughing to acute dramatic acute airway obstruction and subsequent presentation with picture of complications, e.g. bronchiectasis and recurrent pneumonia. 2,3 In elderly the primary reason generally is impaired airway protection mechanism due to various causes. The object aspirated depends on various factors like, age, sex, occupation, geographical area, sociocultural factors and nutritional habits. 4 However, there has been noticed a distinct group of patients who are at risk now a days. These patients include girls wearing headscarves and inappropriately placing the pearl pins in their mouth prior to securing the veils leading to an accidental FB inhalation. In recent years there have been various papers mainly from Islamic ABSTRACT Background: The practice of wearing head scarf pin or pearl pins is very common among young Muslim girls and wrong habit of holding a number of pins in the mouth and utilize them one by one to fix the scarf leading to accidental inhalation has emerged a frequently seen entity in our practice now and managing the tracheobronchial pearl pin foreign body poses a lot more different challenges to surgeon than conventional foreign bodies. The study presented an experience with pearl pin inhalation and discussed the unique clinical characteristics of this problem and challenges in management. Methods: A cross sectional hospital based observational study was conducted in tertiary care hospital (SMHS), department of ENT for period of 2 years August 2013 to July 2015. Results: Total of 36 (34 females and 2 males) patient were considered with mean age of 14.2 years (range 6-32 years). The average duration of reporting to our emergency department was 5 hours with delayed presentation ranging from 24 to 36 hours. In 31 patients the pin was successfully removed with rigid bronchoscope and in 2 cases fibreoptic bronchoscopy was needed, thorocotomy for more distal location was done successfully in two cases and another one gastroenterologist consultation was sought for reverse ingestion in to the abdomen. Conclusions: Pearl pins behave as floating or/are mobile in nature especially in the early phase of inhalation and initial Immediate pre-op x-rays are beneficial. The removal can encounter certain difficulties and the surgeon needs to be vigilant & skilful.

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2016

Background: Neglected tracheobronchial foreign body in adults is quite rare in clinical practice.... more Background: Neglected tracheobronchial foreign body in adults is quite rare in clinical practice. The present paper describes our experience of four adult patients who had chronic chest Symptoms (Cough, Chest Discomfort recurrent pneumonia) caused by foreign body inhalation, undetected for 3 months-15 years. Methods: This was a short retrospective study. Four adult patients with neglected trachaeobronchial foreign bodies which were removed in our medical college in the past 1 year were included in this short study. Case sheets were scrutinized for clinical features, X-ray findings, CT findings and bronchoscopic findings. Results: The diagnosis of foreign body was made by radiology (X-ray + CT) in 3 patients and FOB in one patient. In all 4 patients foreign body was removed by fiber optic bronchospocopy. Endo bronchial electrocautery was used in one patient to cut the web above the FB. Foreign bodies removed were whistle top, end of IV cannula, scarf pin and maize corn. Conclusions: Study concludes that chronic, unexplained respiratory complaints should warrant further investigations to exclude foreign body and despite no history of Foreign Body and normal X-Ray, early diagnosis and intervention would avoid complications.

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 2016

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ethmoid roof on computerized tomography... more Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ethmoid roof on computerized tomography of nose and paranasal sinuses of Kashmiri people and distribute them on basis of KEROS classification. Methods: Cross sectional descriptive study, the randomly selected paranasal sinus computed tomography (PNS CT) scans coronal cuts .Total of One hundred PNS CT scans done at the SMHS Hospital from April 2015 to September 2015 were reviewed, and selected for study. The bilateral heights of the lateral lamellae of the cribriform plate were obtained, independently coded, and classified according to keros. Results: The mean height of the lateral lamella among Kashmir's was seen to be 5.08mm and 29% of patient's CT PNS were classified as Keros I, 61% were classified as Keros II and 10% were classified as Keros III. There was significant difference in the distribution of Keros classification between the right and left lateral lamella. There was no significant difference in the height of the lateral lamella (t-test: p=0.98 on right side & p =0.89 on left side) and the distribution of Keros classification (Fisher's Exact test: p = 0.823) among younger (1-14 year) and older (>14 year) Kashmiri age groups. There is significant difference in the height (t-test: p=0.03 on right side and p=0.03 on left side) and the distribution of Keros classification is statistically insignificant (Fishers Exact Test: p=0.11) between Kashmiri females and males. Conclusions: Preoperative assessment of ethmoid roof anatomy and keros level is mandatory for alerting the surgeon of the potential iatrogenic injury during endoscopic sinus surgeries to minimize the grave complications during ESS.

Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India, 2004

We report a cast of ossifying fibroma of the nose, arising from the bony septum and extending int... more We report a cast of ossifying fibroma of the nose, arising from the bony septum and extending into the nasophaynx in a 2 yrs. old child presenting with features of obstructed nose.

Journal of Bronchology, 2007

Pulmonary aspergillosis may be classified under 3 categories. These are invasive pulmonary asperg... more Pulmonary aspergillosis may be classified under 3 categories. These are invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, and endobronchial aspergilloma. Sometimes, more than 1 form of disease may be present at the same time. We experienced a case of endobronchial aspergilloma in a healthy young male patient. The chest x-ray and computed tomography showed a nonhomogenous opacity. Fiber optic bronchoscopy revealed an aspergilloma in the right upper lobe bronchus. The aspergilloma was removed and patient's symptoms were relieved. We present this unusual case with a review of the literature.

International Journal of Chemical Kinetics, 2012

The present investigation pertains to the kinetic study on bromate-driven and manganese ion catal... more The present investigation pertains to the kinetic study on bromate-driven and manganese ion catalyzed Belousov-Zhabotinsky oscillatory chemical reaction having catechol (1,2-dihydroxybenzene) as the organic substrate in aqueous acid media at 30 ± 0.1 o C under stirred conditions. Although some polyphenols as chemical oscillators are known in the literature but the role of catechol has been marginalized. The reaction system with catechol shows long-time series of periodic as well as aperiodic oscillations, which were monitored potentiometrically in the oxidation reduction potential (ORP) mode under batch conditions. The various oscillatory parameters such as induction time (t in), time period (t p), amplitude (A), and number of oscillations (N) were obtained by drawing a plot between redox potential (mV) versus time (s). It is found that the oscillatory parameters of the system vary with the concentration of the reacting species. The reaction system was also studied in different aqueous acid media, but the detailed studies with respect to experimental parameters have been made in aqueous sulfuric acid medium as it showed a broad oscillatory window and better oscillatory characteristics. Moreover, the oscillatory parameters in general and induction time in particular vary significantly with temperature (15 to 45 ± 0.1 o C). The activation parameters of the system have also been calculated. The oscillatory behavior of the reaction system was also confirmed spectrophotometrically.

International Journal of Chemical Kinetics, 2012

The present investigation pertains to the kinetic study on bromate-driven and manganese ion catal... more The present investigation pertains to the kinetic study on bromate-driven and manganese ion catalyzed Belousov-Zhabotinsky oscillatory chemical reaction having catechol (1,2-dihydroxybenzene) as the organic substrate in aqueous acid media at 30 ± 0.1 o C under stirred conditions. Although some polyphenols as chemical oscillators are known in the literature but the role of catechol has been marginalized. The reaction system with catechol shows long-time series of periodic as well as aperiodic oscillations, which were monitored potentiometrically in the oxidation reduction potential (ORP) mode under batch conditions. The various oscillatory parameters such as induction time (t in), time period (t p), amplitude (A), and number of oscillations (N) were obtained by drawing a plot between redox potential (mV) versus time (s). It is found that the oscillatory parameters of the system vary with the concentration of the reacting species. The reaction system was also studied in different aqueous acid media, but the detailed studies with respect to experimental parameters have been made in aqueous sulfuric acid medium as it showed a broad oscillatory window and better oscillatory characteristics. Moreover, the oscillatory parameters in general and induction time in particular vary significantly with temperature (15 to 45 ± 0.1 o C). The activation parameters of the system have also been calculated. The oscillatory behavior of the reaction system was also confirmed spectrophotometrically.

Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 2013

The present study introduces the use of phloroglucinol (1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene) as organic subst... more The present study introduces the use of phloroglucinol (1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene) as organic substrate in BZ reaction for the first time. This work has been carried out to assess the influence of initial reagent concentrations on the behavior of phloroglucinolbromateferroin-based BZ reaction in a stirred batch reactor. The oscillations are followed by observing the change in redox potential. Different oscillatory parameters like induction time (t in), time period (t p), amplitude (A), frequency (v), and number of oscillations (N) show different changes with respect to changes in the initial concentrations of organic substrate, bromate and sulfuric acid, and these observations have been explained on the basis of FKN mechanism. The behavior of the aforesaid system in different aqueous acid media has been reported and it is found that sulfuric acid is the best medium for studying the system as it shows a wide oscillatory window compared to that of nitric acid. In phosphoric and perchloric acids the system does not show any oscillatory behavior. Activation parameters of the reaction have been derived by studying the reaction over a temperature range of 15 to 40 « 0.1°C. The effect of different catalysts on the oscillatory behavior has been studied and it is found that the system gives good oscillatory behavior with ferroin and Ce(III) whereas a poor response is seen when Mn(II) and Ce(IV) are used as catalysts.

International Surgery Journal, 2019

Background: Observe results of open reduction and internal fixation of fractures of the clavicle ... more Background: Observe results of open reduction and internal fixation of fractures of the clavicle in adults using pre-contoured superior clavicle locking plate.Methods: This study was prospective study carried out in the Govt Medical college Hospital Baramullah Kashmir Department of Orthopaedics from June 2014 to September 2016. A total of 25 patients with fresh fractures were treated with ORIF with a pre-contoured superior clavicle locking plate.Results: The mean age of patient was 30.08 years, males (64%), right clavicle frequently fractured (52%) Robinson type 2B1 configuraion. (44%) sustained their injury due to a road traffic accident. The average 6 month Quick DASH score was 0.82, whereas the mean constant score was 94.8 at final follow-up. The complications were superficial wound infection in (4%), mechanical pull-out of the plate in (8%), numbness below the incision area in (12%), symptomatic hardware in (4%), and non-union in (4%).Conclusions: There has been a resurgence ...

JMS SKIMS, 2018

Background: India accounts for one-fourth of the global tuberculosis (TB) burden. Since the count... more Background: India accounts for one-fourth of the global tuberculosis (TB) burden. Since the countrywide implementation of RNTCP, tuberculosis care has received renewed focus. Directly observed treatment short-term (DOTS) is a cornerstone of RNTCP program. Objective: To evaluate demographic profile, clinical presentation and outcome of TB in district Baramulla of North Kashmir. Methods: A prospective study over a period of seven years in patients diagnosed with TB in district Baramulla of North Kashmir. Results: This study was conducted prospectively over seven years from March 2011 to February 2017. A total of 802 patients were enrolled in the study. Among them, there were a total of 638 adult patients and 164 paediatric patients with a male: female ratio of 1:0.99. Majority of patients belonged to rural areas of north Kashmir and had received no or elementary education. Pulmonary tuberculosis was diagnosed in 530 (66 %) patients and 272 (34%) patients were diagnosed as extrapulmon...

International Journal of Orthopaedics Sciences, 2018

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2016

Foreign body aspiration is a common life threatening emergency and easily preventable problem. 1 ... more Foreign body aspiration is a common life threatening emergency and easily preventable problem. 1 Infants and kids are more vulnerable due to immature swallowing coordination, lack of adequate dentition and they are tempted to put objects into their mouth. Foreign body inhalation presents with a variety of clinical pictures ranging from irritability, coughing to acute dramatic acute airway obstruction and subsequent presentation with picture of complications, e.g. bronchiectasis and recurrent pneumonia. 2,3 In elderly the primary reason generally is impaired airway protection mechanism due to various causes. The object aspirated depends on various factors like, age, sex, occupation, geographical area, sociocultural factors and nutritional habits. 4 However, there has been noticed a distinct group of patients who are at risk now a days. These patients include girls wearing headscarves and inappropriately placing the pearl pins in their mouth prior to securing the veils leading to an accidental FB inhalation. In recent years there have been various papers mainly from Islamic ABSTRACT Background: The practice of wearing head scarf pin or pearl pins is very common among young Muslim girls and wrong habit of holding a number of pins in the mouth and utilize them one by one to fix the scarf leading to accidental inhalation has emerged a frequently seen entity in our practice now and managing the tracheobronchial pearl pin foreign body poses a lot more different challenges to surgeon than conventional foreign bodies. The study presented an experience with pearl pin inhalation and discussed the unique clinical characteristics of this problem and challenges in management. Methods: A cross sectional hospital based observational study was conducted in tertiary care hospital (SMHS), department of ENT for period of 2 years August 2013 to July 2015. Results: Total of 36 (34 females and 2 males) patient were considered with mean age of 14.2 years (range 6-32 years). The average duration of reporting to our emergency department was 5 hours with delayed presentation ranging from 24 to 36 hours. In 31 patients the pin was successfully removed with rigid bronchoscope and in 2 cases fibreoptic bronchoscopy was needed, thorocotomy for more distal location was done successfully in two cases and another one gastroenterologist consultation was sought for reverse ingestion in to the abdomen. Conclusions: Pearl pins behave as floating or/are mobile in nature especially in the early phase of inhalation and initial Immediate pre-op x-rays are beneficial. The removal can encounter certain difficulties and the surgeon needs to be vigilant & skilful.

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2016

Background: Neglected tracheobronchial foreign body in adults is quite rare in clinical practice.... more Background: Neglected tracheobronchial foreign body in adults is quite rare in clinical practice. The present paper describes our experience of four adult patients who had chronic chest Symptoms (Cough, Chest Discomfort recurrent pneumonia) caused by foreign body inhalation, undetected for 3 months-15 years. Methods: This was a short retrospective study. Four adult patients with neglected trachaeobronchial foreign bodies which were removed in our medical college in the past 1 year were included in this short study. Case sheets were scrutinized for clinical features, X-ray findings, CT findings and bronchoscopic findings. Results: The diagnosis of foreign body was made by radiology (X-ray + CT) in 3 patients and FOB in one patient. In all 4 patients foreign body was removed by fiber optic bronchospocopy. Endo bronchial electrocautery was used in one patient to cut the web above the FB. Foreign bodies removed were whistle top, end of IV cannula, scarf pin and maize corn. Conclusions: Study concludes that chronic, unexplained respiratory complaints should warrant further investigations to exclude foreign body and despite no history of Foreign Body and normal X-Ray, early diagnosis and intervention would avoid complications.

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 2016

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ethmoid roof on computerized tomography... more Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ethmoid roof on computerized tomography of nose and paranasal sinuses of Kashmiri people and distribute them on basis of KEROS classification. Methods: Cross sectional descriptive study, the randomly selected paranasal sinus computed tomography (PNS CT) scans coronal cuts .Total of One hundred PNS CT scans done at the SMHS Hospital from April 2015 to September 2015 were reviewed, and selected for study. The bilateral heights of the lateral lamellae of the cribriform plate were obtained, independently coded, and classified according to keros. Results: The mean height of the lateral lamella among Kashmir's was seen to be 5.08mm and 29% of patient's CT PNS were classified as Keros I, 61% were classified as Keros II and 10% were classified as Keros III. There was significant difference in the distribution of Keros classification between the right and left lateral lamella. There was no significant difference in the height of the lateral lamella (t-test: p=0.98 on right side & p =0.89 on left side) and the distribution of Keros classification (Fisher's Exact test: p = 0.823) among younger (1-14 year) and older (>14 year) Kashmiri age groups. There is significant difference in the height (t-test: p=0.03 on right side and p=0.03 on left side) and the distribution of Keros classification is statistically insignificant (Fishers Exact Test: p=0.11) between Kashmiri females and males. Conclusions: Preoperative assessment of ethmoid roof anatomy and keros level is mandatory for alerting the surgeon of the potential iatrogenic injury during endoscopic sinus surgeries to minimize the grave complications during ESS.

Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India, 2004

We report a cast of ossifying fibroma of the nose, arising from the bony septum and extending int... more We report a cast of ossifying fibroma of the nose, arising from the bony septum and extending into the nasophaynx in a 2 yrs. old child presenting with features of obstructed nose.

Journal of Bronchology, 2007

Pulmonary aspergillosis may be classified under 3 categories. These are invasive pulmonary asperg... more Pulmonary aspergillosis may be classified under 3 categories. These are invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, and endobronchial aspergilloma. Sometimes, more than 1 form of disease may be present at the same time. We experienced a case of endobronchial aspergilloma in a healthy young male patient. The chest x-ray and computed tomography showed a nonhomogenous opacity. Fiber optic bronchoscopy revealed an aspergilloma in the right upper lobe bronchus. The aspergilloma was removed and patient's symptoms were relieved. We present this unusual case with a review of the literature.

International Journal of Chemical Kinetics, 2012

The present investigation pertains to the kinetic study on bromate-driven and manganese ion catal... more The present investigation pertains to the kinetic study on bromate-driven and manganese ion catalyzed Belousov-Zhabotinsky oscillatory chemical reaction having catechol (1,2-dihydroxybenzene) as the organic substrate in aqueous acid media at 30 ± 0.1 o C under stirred conditions. Although some polyphenols as chemical oscillators are known in the literature but the role of catechol has been marginalized. The reaction system with catechol shows long-time series of periodic as well as aperiodic oscillations, which were monitored potentiometrically in the oxidation reduction potential (ORP) mode under batch conditions. The various oscillatory parameters such as induction time (t in), time period (t p), amplitude (A), and number of oscillations (N) were obtained by drawing a plot between redox potential (mV) versus time (s). It is found that the oscillatory parameters of the system vary with the concentration of the reacting species. The reaction system was also studied in different aqueous acid media, but the detailed studies with respect to experimental parameters have been made in aqueous sulfuric acid medium as it showed a broad oscillatory window and better oscillatory characteristics. Moreover, the oscillatory parameters in general and induction time in particular vary significantly with temperature (15 to 45 ± 0.1 o C). The activation parameters of the system have also been calculated. The oscillatory behavior of the reaction system was also confirmed spectrophotometrically.

International Journal of Chemical Kinetics, 2012

The present investigation pertains to the kinetic study on bromate-driven and manganese ion catal... more The present investigation pertains to the kinetic study on bromate-driven and manganese ion catalyzed Belousov-Zhabotinsky oscillatory chemical reaction having catechol (1,2-dihydroxybenzene) as the organic substrate in aqueous acid media at 30 ± 0.1 o C under stirred conditions. Although some polyphenols as chemical oscillators are known in the literature but the role of catechol has been marginalized. The reaction system with catechol shows long-time series of periodic as well as aperiodic oscillations, which were monitored potentiometrically in the oxidation reduction potential (ORP) mode under batch conditions. The various oscillatory parameters such as induction time (t in), time period (t p), amplitude (A), and number of oscillations (N) were obtained by drawing a plot between redox potential (mV) versus time (s). It is found that the oscillatory parameters of the system vary with the concentration of the reacting species. The reaction system was also studied in different aqueous acid media, but the detailed studies with respect to experimental parameters have been made in aqueous sulfuric acid medium as it showed a broad oscillatory window and better oscillatory characteristics. Moreover, the oscillatory parameters in general and induction time in particular vary significantly with temperature (15 to 45 ± 0.1 o C). The activation parameters of the system have also been calculated. The oscillatory behavior of the reaction system was also confirmed spectrophotometrically.

Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 2013

The present study introduces the use of phloroglucinol (1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene) as organic subst... more The present study introduces the use of phloroglucinol (1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene) as organic substrate in BZ reaction for the first time. This work has been carried out to assess the influence of initial reagent concentrations on the behavior of phloroglucinolbromateferroin-based BZ reaction in a stirred batch reactor. The oscillations are followed by observing the change in redox potential. Different oscillatory parameters like induction time (t in), time period (t p), amplitude (A), frequency (v), and number of oscillations (N) show different changes with respect to changes in the initial concentrations of organic substrate, bromate and sulfuric acid, and these observations have been explained on the basis of FKN mechanism. The behavior of the aforesaid system in different aqueous acid media has been reported and it is found that sulfuric acid is the best medium for studying the system as it shows a wide oscillatory window compared to that of nitric acid. In phosphoric and perchloric acids the system does not show any oscillatory behavior. Activation parameters of the reaction have been derived by studying the reaction over a temperature range of 15 to 40 « 0.1°C. The effect of different catalysts on the oscillatory behavior has been studied and it is found that the system gives good oscillatory behavior with ferroin and Ce(III) whereas a poor response is seen when Mn(II) and Ce(IV) are used as catalysts.

International Surgery Journal, 2019

Background: Observe results of open reduction and internal fixation of fractures of the clavicle ... more Background: Observe results of open reduction and internal fixation of fractures of the clavicle in adults using pre-contoured superior clavicle locking plate.Methods: This study was prospective study carried out in the Govt Medical college Hospital Baramullah Kashmir Department of Orthopaedics from June 2014 to September 2016. A total of 25 patients with fresh fractures were treated with ORIF with a pre-contoured superior clavicle locking plate.Results: The mean age of patient was 30.08 years, males (64%), right clavicle frequently fractured (52%) Robinson type 2B1 configuraion. (44%) sustained their injury due to a road traffic accident. The average 6 month Quick DASH score was 0.82, whereas the mean constant score was 94.8 at final follow-up. The complications were superficial wound infection in (4%), mechanical pull-out of the plate in (8%), numbness below the incision area in (12%), symptomatic hardware in (4%), and non-union in (4%).Conclusions: There has been a resurgence ...

JMS SKIMS, 2018

Background: India accounts for one-fourth of the global tuberculosis (TB) burden. Since the count... more Background: India accounts for one-fourth of the global tuberculosis (TB) burden. Since the countrywide implementation of RNTCP, tuberculosis care has received renewed focus. Directly observed treatment short-term (DOTS) is a cornerstone of RNTCP program. Objective: To evaluate demographic profile, clinical presentation and outcome of TB in district Baramulla of North Kashmir. Methods: A prospective study over a period of seven years in patients diagnosed with TB in district Baramulla of North Kashmir. Results: This study was conducted prospectively over seven years from March 2011 to February 2017. A total of 802 patients were enrolled in the study. Among them, there were a total of 638 adult patients and 164 paediatric patients with a male: female ratio of 1:0.99. Majority of patients belonged to rural areas of north Kashmir and had received no or elementary education. Pulmonary tuberculosis was diagnosed in 530 (66 %) patients and 272 (34%) patients were diagnosed as extrapulmon...