Norman Caulfield - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Norman Caulfield
Hahr-hispanic American Historical Review, Feb 1, 2008
... while dem-onstrating how a lack of pensions for the wounded and families of deceased ... flaw... more ... while dem-onstrating how a lack of pensions for the wounded and families of deceased ... flaws of a Eurocentric or North American perspective that has too often slighted the revolutionary ... Theracial bitterness between blacks and mulattos marred the democratic tra-dition of the ...
American Journal of Sociology, 1998
Kathleen Bruhn’s study of the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) makes significant contribu... more Kathleen Bruhn’s study of the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) makes significant contributions to our understanding of democratization in Mexico and the challenges of party building in contemporary Latin America. She provides an exhaustive account of the PRD’s origins and early evolution, showing how a major schism within the hegemonic Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) in 1986–87 led to unexpectedly broad popular mobilization behind Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas’s presidential candidacy in 1988 and the PRD’s formation as a new left-of-center party in 1989. By detailing the PRD’s struggle to survive in an authoritarian regime capable of deploying immense institutional resources (including significant repression) against political challengers, Bruhn provides valuable insight into a crucial period in Mexico’s political development. Her book makes an especially important contribution to research on the Mexican Left. Bruhn’s conceptual framework distinguishes between the conditions surrounding party emergence and the requirements for successful party consolidation. Although emergent political movements or parties can mobilize substantial electoral support by surprising their opponents and by highlighting the charismatic appeal of their founders, party consolidation depends upon “the construction of stable norms and expectations for mutual cooperation, decision making, and conflict resolution in five key relationships: (1) among activists; (2) with allies; (3) with civil society organizations; (4) with other parties; and (5) with the state” (p. 13). In the first instance, the success of a new party depends upon its ability to detach supporters from established parties, capitalizing on such matters as changes in existing parties’ social bases, popular discontent with political incumbents’ economic policies, or public concern about corruption. Over the longer term, however, Bruhn argues that a new party’s greatest challenge is to “reattach” the loyalties of potential voters and activists. This is a particularly daunting task in an authoritarian context in which the new party, at least initially, can offer few material or policy rewards to supporters. In the case of the PRD, Bruhn shows how some initial advantages, including Cárdenas’s charismatic authority and the breadth of the cardenista coalition, later became serious obstacles to PRD consolidation. These problems—coupled with national economic recovery in the early 1990s, the Salinas de Gortari administration’s (1988–94) use of high-profile antipoverty programs to restore popular support for the regime and undermine PRD strength, and the PRD’s own tactical
Hispanic American Historical Review, 2004
... Luis Fernando Restrepo offers a more focused and nuanced interpretation of several historical... more ... Luis Fernando Restrepo offers a more focused and nuanced interpretation of several historical and literary narratives about the life of the mestizo Diego de Torres, cacique from Turmequé in Nueva Granada. There are a few salient contributions. ... By josé luis roca. ...
The American Historical Review, 1999
The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with p... more The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with primary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses, actions, claims, proceedings, demands, costs, expenses, damages, and other liabilities whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with, in relation to or arising out of the use of the Content. This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution, reselling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply, or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden.
The American Historical Review, 2001
... Porter, Mauricio Tenorio, and John Womack read the dissertation on which this book is based a... more ... Porter, Mauricio Tenorio, and John Womack read the dissertation on which this book is based and gave comments that guided me through its several transformations. Richard Warren and Ann Blum offered valuable suggestions on a nearly final manuscript. Adrian Bantjes and ...
Hispanic American Historical Review, Nov 1, 1999
Choice Reviews Online
Acknowledgments Introduction 1. Labor and Global Capitalism in North America, 1850-1970 2. The Po... more Acknowledgments Introduction 1. Labor and Global Capitalism in North America, 1850-1970 2. The Politics of Mexican Labor and Economic Development in Crisis 3. Mexican Labor and Workers' Rights under NAFTA and NAALC 4. Labor Mobility and Workers' Rights in North America 5. The Crisis of Union-Management Relations in the United States and Canada 6. The North American Auto Industry: The Apex of Concessionary Bargaining 7. VEBA Las Vegas! Unions Play Casino Capitalism: Autoworkers Lose Conclusion Notes Index
The Americas, 2014
Children of the Days consists of a mosaic of short vignettes, laid out one per day on the (Roman)... more Children of the Days consists of a mosaic of short vignettes, laid out one per day on the (Roman) calendar of a year. It takes its title from a Maya poem, presumably the Popol Vuh, although the citation is not clear. The surprising, intriguing brief stories are somehow connected to their day of the year but not to each other, resulting in a panorama of the paradoxes of human history—terrible oppression and cruelty mixed with heroic resistance, defiance, and humor—a triumph of mosaic art. Children contains tidbits to surprise anyone. From the entry on June 5, World Environment Day, I learned that Ecuador's new constitution was the world's first to recognize nature as a subject with rights. I also learned that Galeano thinks that if nature were a bank, the U.S. would by now have rescued it (p. 173). From the entry of April 18, the anniversary of Albert Einstein's death, I learned that the FBI kept a file on him for 22 years as a likely Communist. (He was a socialist and defender of civil rights leaders.)
Labour / Le Travail, 2000
Almost eighty years before the implementation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA),... more Almost eighty years before the implementation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), Ricardo Flores Magonrevolutionary, anarchist, labor organizer and expatriate nationalist - challenged the prevailing social order of both Mexico and the United States. Magon predicted that if Mexican workers failed to organize and shake off the yoke of capitalism, the nation would soon be dominated by foreign interests. Magon's message: "Mexico for Mexicans." Historian Norman Caulfield demonstrates the fragmentation of "Mexico for Mexicans" along class lines as he traces the evolution of organized labor from its anarchosyndicalist roots during the Mexican Revolution to more recent developments after the implementation of NAFTA.
Labor History, 2004
As economic liberalization sweeps North America and the globe, increasing pressure is placed on w... more As economic liberalization sweeps North America and the globe, increasing pressure is placed on workers and their organizations to accept more ̄exibility in terms and conditions of employment. A major consequence of this trend has been a notable shift in the balance of power between labor and capital. In this new environment, where capital appears to have gained the upper hand, unions have retreated into a defensive mode, which principally has been characterized by concessionary bargaining and a notable decline in strike activity. Many scholars identify this general trend as a consequence of globalization, a term used to describe a process of increased and intensi®ed business expansion on a global scale. Rooted in the accelerated economic integration of national and regional economies, globalization implies and entails the freer ̄ow of capital and commodities, business deregulation, and greater labor mobility. Perhaps its most important contemporary feature, however, is that what were once geographically uni®ed production processes, can now be located in different parts of the world. The increasing economic integration of North America has accentuated the importance of this particular element of globalization, especially in Mexico, as the nation places low-wage manufacturing comparative advantage at the core of economic development policy. While a strong link exists between this factor and the beginning of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in 1994, the roots of this economic strategy for Mexico can be traced to the 1962 Automotive Integration Decree, the Border Industrialization Program (BIP) begun in 1965, and the nation's 1986 entrance into the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). All of these events constituted components of a long-term trend toward economic liberalization. At the same time, Mexico's manufacturing sector grew exponentially, which served to reinforce the nation's historical reliance on low-wage labor and make it the centerpiece of national economic development policy.
International Review of Social History, 1997
SummaryThe Mexican state's drive toward industrialization during World War II and the post-wa... more SummaryThe Mexican state's drive toward industrialization during World War II and the post-war years required the cooperation of organized labor. Central to this policy was the role played by American trade unions, which cooperated with US government agencies in providing financial and logistical support for Mexican trade unionists who complied with state development policy. The interests of American labor leaders, US policymakers and Mexican modernizing elites converged in an attempt to eradicate radical unionism and promote US hegemony in the western hemisphere. This study builds upon works that treat the earlier activities of US labor in Mexico.
International Review of Social History, 1997
![Research paper thumbnail of Tanalís Padilla. Rural Resistance in the Land of Zapata. The Jaramillista Movement and the Myth of the Pax-Priísta, 1940–1962. Duke University Press, Durham [etc.] 2008. x, 285 pp. Ill. £55.00 (Paper: £12.99.)](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/81057342/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](International Review of Social History, 2009
their constituencies; and a desire for natural and human resources to be utilised for the improve... more their constituencies; and a desire for natural and human resources to be utilised for the improvement of society as a whole'' (p. 197). This is a clear and detailed history that does justice to the trade unionists with whom it so clearly empathizes. One minor point, which in no way detracts from Larmer's work: the map provided is unclear and not up to the standard of the rest of the volume.
Hispanic American Historical Review, 2008
... while dem-onstrating how a lack of pensions for the wounded and families of deceased ... flaw... more ... while dem-onstrating how a lack of pensions for the wounded and families of deceased ... flaws of a Eurocentric or North American perspective that has too often slighted the revolutionary ... Theracial bitterness between blacks and mulattos marred the democratic tra-dition of the ...
International Review of Social History, 1995
SummaryThe Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), or “Wobblies”, represented a transitional stage... more SummaryThe Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), or “Wobblies”, represented a transitional stage in Mexican labor movement history. The Wobblies enjoyed support from workers because their philosophy corresponded to the Mexican labor movement's deeply-rooted anarchosyndicalist traditions. While cooperating with Mexican radical labor organizations, the IWW advocated…
Hahr-hispanic American Historical Review, Feb 1, 2008
... while dem-onstrating how a lack of pensions for the wounded and families of deceased ... flaw... more ... while dem-onstrating how a lack of pensions for the wounded and families of deceased ... flaws of a Eurocentric or North American perspective that has too often slighted the revolutionary ... Theracial bitterness between blacks and mulattos marred the democratic tra-dition of the ...
American Journal of Sociology, 1998
Kathleen Bruhn’s study of the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) makes significant contribu... more Kathleen Bruhn’s study of the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) makes significant contributions to our understanding of democratization in Mexico and the challenges of party building in contemporary Latin America. She provides an exhaustive account of the PRD’s origins and early evolution, showing how a major schism within the hegemonic Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) in 1986–87 led to unexpectedly broad popular mobilization behind Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas’s presidential candidacy in 1988 and the PRD’s formation as a new left-of-center party in 1989. By detailing the PRD’s struggle to survive in an authoritarian regime capable of deploying immense institutional resources (including significant repression) against political challengers, Bruhn provides valuable insight into a crucial period in Mexico’s political development. Her book makes an especially important contribution to research on the Mexican Left. Bruhn’s conceptual framework distinguishes between the conditions surrounding party emergence and the requirements for successful party consolidation. Although emergent political movements or parties can mobilize substantial electoral support by surprising their opponents and by highlighting the charismatic appeal of their founders, party consolidation depends upon “the construction of stable norms and expectations for mutual cooperation, decision making, and conflict resolution in five key relationships: (1) among activists; (2) with allies; (3) with civil society organizations; (4) with other parties; and (5) with the state” (p. 13). In the first instance, the success of a new party depends upon its ability to detach supporters from established parties, capitalizing on such matters as changes in existing parties’ social bases, popular discontent with political incumbents’ economic policies, or public concern about corruption. Over the longer term, however, Bruhn argues that a new party’s greatest challenge is to “reattach” the loyalties of potential voters and activists. This is a particularly daunting task in an authoritarian context in which the new party, at least initially, can offer few material or policy rewards to supporters. In the case of the PRD, Bruhn shows how some initial advantages, including Cárdenas’s charismatic authority and the breadth of the cardenista coalition, later became serious obstacles to PRD consolidation. These problems—coupled with national economic recovery in the early 1990s, the Salinas de Gortari administration’s (1988–94) use of high-profile antipoverty programs to restore popular support for the regime and undermine PRD strength, and the PRD’s own tactical
Hispanic American Historical Review, 2004
... Luis Fernando Restrepo offers a more focused and nuanced interpretation of several historical... more ... Luis Fernando Restrepo offers a more focused and nuanced interpretation of several historical and literary narratives about the life of the mestizo Diego de Torres, cacique from Turmequé in Nueva Granada. There are a few salient contributions. ... By josé luis roca. ...
The American Historical Review, 1999
The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with p... more The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with primary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses, actions, claims, proceedings, demands, costs, expenses, damages, and other liabilities whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with, in relation to or arising out of the use of the Content. This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution, reselling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply, or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden.
The American Historical Review, 2001
... Porter, Mauricio Tenorio, and John Womack read the dissertation on which this book is based a... more ... Porter, Mauricio Tenorio, and John Womack read the dissertation on which this book is based and gave comments that guided me through its several transformations. Richard Warren and Ann Blum offered valuable suggestions on a nearly final manuscript. Adrian Bantjes and ...
Hispanic American Historical Review, Nov 1, 1999
Choice Reviews Online
Acknowledgments Introduction 1. Labor and Global Capitalism in North America, 1850-1970 2. The Po... more Acknowledgments Introduction 1. Labor and Global Capitalism in North America, 1850-1970 2. The Politics of Mexican Labor and Economic Development in Crisis 3. Mexican Labor and Workers' Rights under NAFTA and NAALC 4. Labor Mobility and Workers' Rights in North America 5. The Crisis of Union-Management Relations in the United States and Canada 6. The North American Auto Industry: The Apex of Concessionary Bargaining 7. VEBA Las Vegas! Unions Play Casino Capitalism: Autoworkers Lose Conclusion Notes Index
The Americas, 2014
Children of the Days consists of a mosaic of short vignettes, laid out one per day on the (Roman)... more Children of the Days consists of a mosaic of short vignettes, laid out one per day on the (Roman) calendar of a year. It takes its title from a Maya poem, presumably the Popol Vuh, although the citation is not clear. The surprising, intriguing brief stories are somehow connected to their day of the year but not to each other, resulting in a panorama of the paradoxes of human history—terrible oppression and cruelty mixed with heroic resistance, defiance, and humor—a triumph of mosaic art. Children contains tidbits to surprise anyone. From the entry on June 5, World Environment Day, I learned that Ecuador's new constitution was the world's first to recognize nature as a subject with rights. I also learned that Galeano thinks that if nature were a bank, the U.S. would by now have rescued it (p. 173). From the entry of April 18, the anniversary of Albert Einstein's death, I learned that the FBI kept a file on him for 22 years as a likely Communist. (He was a socialist and defender of civil rights leaders.)
Labour / Le Travail, 2000
Almost eighty years before the implementation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA),... more Almost eighty years before the implementation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), Ricardo Flores Magonrevolutionary, anarchist, labor organizer and expatriate nationalist - challenged the prevailing social order of both Mexico and the United States. Magon predicted that if Mexican workers failed to organize and shake off the yoke of capitalism, the nation would soon be dominated by foreign interests. Magon's message: "Mexico for Mexicans." Historian Norman Caulfield demonstrates the fragmentation of "Mexico for Mexicans" along class lines as he traces the evolution of organized labor from its anarchosyndicalist roots during the Mexican Revolution to more recent developments after the implementation of NAFTA.
Labor History, 2004
As economic liberalization sweeps North America and the globe, increasing pressure is placed on w... more As economic liberalization sweeps North America and the globe, increasing pressure is placed on workers and their organizations to accept more ̄exibility in terms and conditions of employment. A major consequence of this trend has been a notable shift in the balance of power between labor and capital. In this new environment, where capital appears to have gained the upper hand, unions have retreated into a defensive mode, which principally has been characterized by concessionary bargaining and a notable decline in strike activity. Many scholars identify this general trend as a consequence of globalization, a term used to describe a process of increased and intensi®ed business expansion on a global scale. Rooted in the accelerated economic integration of national and regional economies, globalization implies and entails the freer ̄ow of capital and commodities, business deregulation, and greater labor mobility. Perhaps its most important contemporary feature, however, is that what were once geographically uni®ed production processes, can now be located in different parts of the world. The increasing economic integration of North America has accentuated the importance of this particular element of globalization, especially in Mexico, as the nation places low-wage manufacturing comparative advantage at the core of economic development policy. While a strong link exists between this factor and the beginning of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in 1994, the roots of this economic strategy for Mexico can be traced to the 1962 Automotive Integration Decree, the Border Industrialization Program (BIP) begun in 1965, and the nation's 1986 entrance into the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). All of these events constituted components of a long-term trend toward economic liberalization. At the same time, Mexico's manufacturing sector grew exponentially, which served to reinforce the nation's historical reliance on low-wage labor and make it the centerpiece of national economic development policy.
International Review of Social History, 1997
SummaryThe Mexican state's drive toward industrialization during World War II and the post-wa... more SummaryThe Mexican state's drive toward industrialization during World War II and the post-war years required the cooperation of organized labor. Central to this policy was the role played by American trade unions, which cooperated with US government agencies in providing financial and logistical support for Mexican trade unionists who complied with state development policy. The interests of American labor leaders, US policymakers and Mexican modernizing elites converged in an attempt to eradicate radical unionism and promote US hegemony in the western hemisphere. This study builds upon works that treat the earlier activities of US labor in Mexico.
International Review of Social History, 1997
International Review of Social History, 2009
their constituencies; and a desire for natural and human resources to be utilised for the improve... more their constituencies; and a desire for natural and human resources to be utilised for the improvement of society as a whole'' (p. 197). This is a clear and detailed history that does justice to the trade unionists with whom it so clearly empathizes. One minor point, which in no way detracts from Larmer's work: the map provided is unclear and not up to the standard of the rest of the volume.
Hispanic American Historical Review, 2008
... while dem-onstrating how a lack of pensions for the wounded and families of deceased ... flaw... more ... while dem-onstrating how a lack of pensions for the wounded and families of deceased ... flaws of a Eurocentric or North American perspective that has too often slighted the revolutionary ... Theracial bitterness between blacks and mulattos marred the democratic tra-dition of the ...
International Review of Social History, 1995
SummaryThe Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), or “Wobblies”, represented a transitional stage... more SummaryThe Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), or “Wobblies”, represented a transitional stage in Mexican labor movement history. The Wobblies enjoyed support from workers because their philosophy corresponded to the Mexican labor movement's deeply-rooted anarchosyndicalist traditions. While cooperating with Mexican radical labor organizations, the IWW advocated…