Nur Afiqah - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Nur Afiqah
This research work aims at exploring various new materials for saturable absorber (SA) applicatio... more This research work aims at exploring various new materials for saturable absorber (SA) application in generating Q-switching pulses train operating at 1.5 µm region. These nanomaterials are graphene oxide (GO) and zinc oxide (ZnO). The fibre lasers employ Erbium-doped fibre (EDF) as an amplification medium. Firstly, passive Q-switched Erbium Doped Fibre Lasers (EDFLs) have been successfully demonstrated using the newly developed GO film based SAs based on two different host polymers; Poly (Vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and Poly (Methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). The GO material was obtained through chemical oxidation of graphite. By incorporating GO PMMA SA into an EDFL set up, sturdy Q-switched pulses train were generated to operate in a wavelength of 1531.6 nm as the pump power being tuned within vary of 11.8 to 83.0 mW. The repetition rate was tunable within 21.5 kHz to 68.7 kHz. The maximum pulse energy of 145 nJ and the minimum pulse duration of 6.12 µs were obtained at the pump power of 83.0 mW. The research proceeds with the GO PVA SA, where the Q-switched was realized with the repetition rate tunable from 32.45 kHz to 81.7 kHz. At the maximum pump, the highest single pulse energy and repetition rate of 109.30 nJ and 81.7 kHz were achieved. These results show that GO PMMA film operate excellent than PVA film in terms of operating pump power range and pulse energy. Later, two Q-switched EDFLs were also proposed and demonstrated using a ZnO based SA. It is worthy to note that the EDFL produces a stable Q-switched pulses train with a higher pulses energy when the polymer material was replaced from PMMA to PVA. The ZnO PVA film-based Q-switched laser operated at 1560.4 nm within the 980nm pump power range from 11.8 mW to 77.9 mW. At 77.9 mW pump power, the laser showed the repetition rate, pulse energy, and pulse duration of 61.43 kHz, 154.6 nJ, and 7.00 μs, respectively. These results show that both GO and ZnO materials have new potential for application in pulsed laser generation. vii
Introduction: Schroeder-phase masking test has been found to be highly useful in providing inform... more Introduction: Schroeder-phase masking test has been found to be highly useful in providing information on the cochlea phase response that was not previously discovered. Conventional Three Alternative Forced Choice (3AFC) method of conducting Schroeder phase masking takes a long testing time (around 45 minutes) and could possibly limit the valuable information that may be gathered from this test. A faster Schroeder-phase masking method which is able to cut down almost 80% of the testing time has been developed, and has been proven reliable for normal hearing population. This study aims to extend the reliability measures to hearing impaired population. Methods: This is an observational study involving 10 normal hearing and 6 sensorineural hearing loss subjects. Schroeder phase masking functions were measured at 500 Hz, 1 kHz and 2 kHz (75 dB A) using the conventional and fast methods to find the agreement between two methods. The fast method was measured in two sessions to find the te...
Social History of Medicine, 2019
In the nineteenth century, epilepsy was established as a curable and treatable condition at the N... more In the nineteenth century, epilepsy was established as a curable and treatable condition at the National Hospital for the Paralysed and Epileptic, in London, England. Since its inception, the National Hospital (NH) hosted the work of many physicians who tried to characterise and define epilepsy as a nosological entity. During the first decade of this Institution, different medical traditions, clinical practices, staff, physicians (among them, John Hughlings Jackson, Charles-Édouard Brown-Séquard, Jabez Spence Ramskill, and Charles Bland Radcliffe), patients, remedies, devices and publications, began to grant the National Hospital a place in London society as a special medical community. The delimitation of epilepsy at the National Hospital would have an impact on the study and description of the human nervous system at the end of the nineteenth century.
Cyanobacteria which also known as blue-green algae are ubiquitous, as they can be found in almost... more Cyanobacteria which also known as blue-green algae are ubiquitous, as they can be found in almost all aquatic environments such as marine, freshwater, brackish water and even hot spring. A study was conducted at Panchor Hot Spring, Serian in December 2013, January 2014 and March 2014 for documentation of its species composition of cyanobacteria. Samples of cyanobacteria were qualitatively collected for microscopic observation and identification from the pools of Panchor Hot Spring in the form of microbial mats on the water surface, samples in the water column and samples that attached on the wall of the pools and other substrates present. Live samples were collected for better identification. Results showed 16 species of cyanobacteria were found belonging to eight genera which were Aphanocapsa, Chroococcus, Lyngbya, Oscillatoria, Phormidium, Planktothrix, Pseudanabaena and Tychonema. Systematic accounts for classification, brief description and general environment for each species w...
The full abstract for this thesis is available in the body of the thesis, and will be available w... more The full abstract for this thesis is available in the body of the thesis, and will be available when the embargo expires.
Kinta valley possesses many geological and landscape features with heritage value of national and... more Kinta valley possesses many geological and landscape features with heritage value of national and regional significant. Conserving some of these geological and landscape features as protected geoheritage sites and establishing others as nature geotourism sites will help the proposed Kinta Valley Geopark to protect its natural environment from further damages due to any large scale unsustainable utilization of its natural resources. Metamorphism grade/pattern occurred in the rocks nearby granitic intrusion is unclear. Hence, the aim of this study is to map out the metamorphism grade of North Ulu Chemor area. This area has well-preserved outcrop compared to other area near to foothill of the granitic intrusion, it may give chances to us to study this topic in detail. Petrographic and geochemical analysis were used to derived the mineralogy contain in the rocks and classified them based on their grade of metamorphism accordingly. These findings show that the metamorphic rock had gone t...
Gold is often regarded as a good hedge against currency depreciation and other economic and polit... more Gold is often regarded as a good hedge against currency depreciation and other economic and political events (Leung & Ward, 2015). Besides, gold is a good value keeper where it can be kept for future use (Nik Muhammad, 2011). Nowadays, gold has been as an instrument for investment in Malaysia. The issue related to gold investment is the status of investment regarding to shariah compliant or not. The objective for this research is to identify public knowledgeability towards gold investment. The independent variables involve in this research are knowledge of public towards gold investment, gold investment is a stable and secure investment and as another option in diversifying investment risk. The sample for this research is public respondents by using simple random sampling. This research will be conducted by using primary data in order to get the information and achieved the objective. The data will be collected from distribution of questionnaires. The data will be run by using SPSS
Recently the numbers of damage and injuries due to wind disaster in the past few years had increa... more Recently the numbers of damage and injuries due to wind disaster in the past few years had increased in Malaysia. However, many people do not concert about the effect or impact that would happen if the wind disaster occurs. This is because when a situation arises, the Malaysian people are not aware of the dangers of wind. Most of possibility risk of the wind disaster potentially damaging physical event, phenomenon or human activity that may cause the loss of life or injury, property damage, social and economic disruption or environmental degradation in Malaysia is due to a thunderstorm or windstorm. The losses caused by a typical damage value. This paper propose about the wind disaster effect among people in Malaysia and the awareness level of the wind disaster between two categories which is a public and government sector. Furthermore, public awareness and understanding about the wind disaster is very important as a precautionary measure from wind disaster occur. Demographic data c...
Captive farming of deer (Cervus timorensis and Axis axis) in University Malaysia Kelantan (UMK) B... more Captive farming of deer (Cervus timorensis and Axis axis) in University Malaysia Kelantan (UMK) Bachok campus has been used for recreation since the 2012. It is located in the Bachok district, near the tourist area of the Tok Bali beach, Kelantan. With this short history, management practices and captive breeding have been low due to lack of behavioral and ecological information about this vulnerable species in UMK. Understanding behavioral patterns plays a vital part in determining appropriate management systems. Hence the aim of this study was to determine the behavioral patterns of Javan rusa or Cervus Timorensis and Chital deer or Axis axis with to differentiate them by comparing their behavior as well as for determining a suitable management system relating to the deer behaviour. From July 2014 to September 2014, the behavioral patterns of 21 Javan and 17 Chital deer were observed and recorded at University Malaysia Kelantan (UMK) Bachok campus deer farm. The farm is located ne...
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2021
Successful highway projects could help contribute to a country’s economic development and growth.... more Successful highway projects could help contribute to a country’s economic development and growth. One of the factors that cause delays in highway projects is starting too early (i.e., premature start), and assessing the readiness of the project before construction could prevent it from happening. However, different types of highway projects can have various causes of delay. Therefore, having inappropriate readiness parameters can impair the process of assessing construction readiness. This study aims to compare the construction readiness parameters (CRPs) between different types of highway projects. To achieve that objective, questionnaire survey data from 105 industry practitioners with highway construction working experiences is analyzed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA), descriptive statistics, and mean score ranking technique. The results reveal 32 CRPs that are critical for both highway and expressway projects. Also, there are 6 CRPs that are only critical for highway proj...
Ceiling fan is considered the most effective for most types of fans, as they effectively distribu... more Ceiling fan is considered the most effective for most types of fans, as they effectively distribute air in the room to make drafts throughout the room. Most of South East Asia especially in Malaysia, ceiling fans will be installed even though some houses use air conditioning as their cooling system. Ceiling type fans are extensively used in dwellings, offices and many other types of buildings to circulate air and thereby reduce the cost of heating during cold weather and air-conditioning during hot weather. Thus, the suitable cleaning tools are needed to clean the ceiling fan blades efficiently. There are three problems faced when cleaning the ceiling fan which are position issues which the consumers need to use ladder to clean the ceiling fan blade especially on the upper part of the blade. Furthermore, consumers faced problems in time consuming and inappropriate design of cleaning tool which most of the dust will falling down to the floor during cleaning activities and due to that...
The objective of this work is to evaluate both physical and mechanical properties of particleboar... more The objective of this work is to evaluate both physical and mechanical properties of particleboard panels manufactured from oil palm (Elais guineensis) trunks. Besides that, this work also to determine the effect of the different resin content (8%, 10% and 12%) and additional wax (0% and 1%) on the physical and mechanical properties of the board. Modulus of Rupture (MOR), Modulus of Elasticity (MOE), Internal Bonding Strength (IB), Thickness Swelling (TS), Water Absorption (WA) and density of the samples were tested based on Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS A: 5908-2003). Oil palm trunk particleboard made with highest adhesive content give the highest modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elastic (MOE) and internal bonding (IB) strength values of 5.80 MPa, 894.73 MPa and 0.07 MPa respectively. Whereas, thickness swelling and water absorption result increase due to the higher urea formaldehyde (UF) adhesive content and additional wax (1%). Additional of wax on the particleboard decr...
Jurnal Komunikasi, Malaysian Journal of Communication, 2016
Kajian ini merupakan kajian semantik dan akal budi Melayu yang menyelidik mengenai deria rasa mas... more Kajian ini merupakan kajian semantik dan akal budi Melayu yang menyelidik mengenai deria rasa masam, masin, manis dan pahit dalam kiasan Melayu. Kajian ini menghuraikan makna implisit dan makna implisit kompleks bahasa kiasan khususnya peribahasa dan kaitannya dengan akal budi Melayu. Data kiasan Melayu dikumpul daripada tiga buah kamus iaitu Kamus Istimewa Peribahasa Melayu, Kamus Simpulan Bahasa, Kamus Peribahasa Melayu dan dikukuhkan dengan data korpus yang diperoleh daripada Pangkalan Korpus Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (DBP) dan Malay Concordance Project (MCP). Kajian berbentuk kualitatif ini mengaplikasikan teori semantik dengan kaedah inkuisitif yang menggabungkan data, teori, kognitif dan falsafah sehingga membawa kepada tafsiran akal budi Melayu. Analisis pendekatan Rangka Rujuk Silang (RRS) dilakukan terhadap data korpus deria rasa dalam kiasan Melayu. Seterusnya kaedah inkuisitif dilakukan bagi mencungkil makna sebenar yang ingin disampaikan. Hasil kajian mendapati kiasan Melayu mempunyai kaitan yang rapat dengan budaya dan akal budi Melayu. Ketersiratan makna masam, manis, masin dan pahit serta makna yang berasosiasi dengan rasa juga dapat dicungkil dan dikaitkan dengan akal budi penuturnya. Pengkategorian mengikut medan makna juga membuktikan bahawa kiasan berunsurkan deria rasa tidak hanya memperlihatkan makna teras rasa malah juga mendukung makna pinggiran lain. Berdasarkan pendekatan yang digunakan, kajian kiasan juga dapat membuktikan hubungan bahasa, masyarakat dan pemikiran.
Polymers and Polymer Composites, 2012
In this work, recycled polypropylene (PP) and regenerated styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) from use... more In this work, recycled polypropylene (PP) and regenerated styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) from used tyres rubber crumbs were combined to produce polymeric blends. The compounds were prepared via twin-screw extrusion to measure their mechanical behaviour for different SBR compositions (0 to 40%). Also, the addition of birch flour (0 to 40%) and coupling agent (0 to 5 phr) content were studied. The results showed that tensile strength and modulus of the blends were substantially improved after incorporation of wood flour. The torsion modulus also increased with birch content. However, the tensile strain at break of PP/birch wood composites decreased with both wood and coupling agent contents, showing a decrease in ductility of the composites. Adding the elastomer phase did not improve the properties. The results showed that adding a coupling agent was found to be effective in improving the wood flour-PP interface, while less improvement was observed for the rubber-PP surface adhesion. ...
Vocabulary plays an essential role in language learning. The lack of vocabulary might cause incom... more Vocabulary plays an essential role in language learning. The lack of vocabulary might cause incompetency to language users. Therefore, it is very important for language instructors to find suitable ways of teaching vocabulary since learning vocabulary consists of learning various aspects of word knowledge. These aspects include orthography, meaning and form, collocation, association and grammatical functions. There are various methods that could be used in gaining these aspects of word knowledge. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of word pairs in learning word knowledge. The researcher is interested to find out which aspects of word knowledge are gained by learning from Malay Translation, English Translation, Malay Definition and English Definition word pairs. One hundred twenty secondary school students were divided into four groups of 30 students and each group was given a set of word pair to learn. After they have learned the word pairs, they were asked to answer word knowledge tests. Data was analysed using SPSS software and the results for each word pair were compared. The results show that all word pairs promote large gains in learning aspects of word knowledge. The scores between the groups were also compared and it was found that the Malay Definition word pair scored the highest mean percentage, 90.4 percent, followed by the Malay Translation word pair, 84.9 percent, the English Translation word pair, 83.1 percent, and English Definition word pair, 69.8 percent
Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences
The world is changing everyday in a fast pace that makes majority of the urbanized areas becoming... more The world is changing everyday in a fast pace that makes majority of the urbanized areas becoming more congested and polluted by the development. The planning of the urban world has brought about a great impact towards the environment and health. With the large number of human population, urban areas will have various kinds of activities that contributed to the higher rate of pollutants compared to areas with less development. In a car oriented urban development pattern, majority of the population will choose automobiles as their transportation modes rather than walking or cycling. Due to that, the air emission in urban areas will increase rapidly, and reduce the physical activity. Air pollutants contribute to various health problems, especially respiratory infection. Besides, lacking of physical activities also increase the health risk. However, there is limited study on the relationship between urban land use setting and health in developing country. Thus, a study had been carried out to establish the relationship between urban setting and human health. It involved air quality data collection, observation on land use setting, and questionnaire survey on human health and the lifestyle. Findings from the relationship analysis had been discussed with suitable recommendation and conclusion.
SHS Web of Conferences, 2015
Vocabulary plays an essential role in language learning. The lack of vocabulary might cause incom... more Vocabulary plays an essential role in language learning. The lack of vocabulary might cause incompetency to language users. It is therefore very important for language instructors to find suitable ways of teaching vocabulary since learning vocabulary consists of learning various aspects of word knowledge. These aspects include orthography, meaning and form, collocation, association and grammatical functions. There are various methods that could be used in gaining aspects of word knowledge. The purpose of this study is to investigate to what extent are aspects of word knowledge gained by learning from word pairs. 120 secondary school students were divided into four groups of thirty students. The first group was given a set of Malay Translation, the second, English Translation, the third, Malay Definition and the fourth, English Definition word pair to learn followed by word knowledge tests. The results show that all word pairs promote large gains in learning aspects of word knowledge. The scores between the groups were also compared and it was found that the mean score of the Malay Definition word pair group is the highest, followed by the Malay Translation word pair group, the English Translation word pair group, and English Definition word pair group.
This research work aims at exploring various new materials for saturable absorber (SA) applicatio... more This research work aims at exploring various new materials for saturable absorber (SA) application in generating Q-switching pulses train operating at 1.5 µm region. These nanomaterials are graphene oxide (GO) and zinc oxide (ZnO). The fibre lasers employ Erbium-doped fibre (EDF) as an amplification medium. Firstly, passive Q-switched Erbium Doped Fibre Lasers (EDFLs) have been successfully demonstrated using the newly developed GO film based SAs based on two different host polymers; Poly (Vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and Poly (Methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). The GO material was obtained through chemical oxidation of graphite. By incorporating GO PMMA SA into an EDFL set up, sturdy Q-switched pulses train were generated to operate in a wavelength of 1531.6 nm as the pump power being tuned within vary of 11.8 to 83.0 mW. The repetition rate was tunable within 21.5 kHz to 68.7 kHz. The maximum pulse energy of 145 nJ and the minimum pulse duration of 6.12 µs were obtained at the pump power of 83.0 mW. The research proceeds with the GO PVA SA, where the Q-switched was realized with the repetition rate tunable from 32.45 kHz to 81.7 kHz. At the maximum pump, the highest single pulse energy and repetition rate of 109.30 nJ and 81.7 kHz were achieved. These results show that GO PMMA film operate excellent than PVA film in terms of operating pump power range and pulse energy. Later, two Q-switched EDFLs were also proposed and demonstrated using a ZnO based SA. It is worthy to note that the EDFL produces a stable Q-switched pulses train with a higher pulses energy when the polymer material was replaced from PMMA to PVA. The ZnO PVA film-based Q-switched laser operated at 1560.4 nm within the 980nm pump power range from 11.8 mW to 77.9 mW. At 77.9 mW pump power, the laser showed the repetition rate, pulse energy, and pulse duration of 61.43 kHz, 154.6 nJ, and 7.00 μs, respectively. These results show that both GO and ZnO materials have new potential for application in pulsed laser generation. vii
Introduction: Schroeder-phase masking test has been found to be highly useful in providing inform... more Introduction: Schroeder-phase masking test has been found to be highly useful in providing information on the cochlea phase response that was not previously discovered. Conventional Three Alternative Forced Choice (3AFC) method of conducting Schroeder phase masking takes a long testing time (around 45 minutes) and could possibly limit the valuable information that may be gathered from this test. A faster Schroeder-phase masking method which is able to cut down almost 80% of the testing time has been developed, and has been proven reliable for normal hearing population. This study aims to extend the reliability measures to hearing impaired population. Methods: This is an observational study involving 10 normal hearing and 6 sensorineural hearing loss subjects. Schroeder phase masking functions were measured at 500 Hz, 1 kHz and 2 kHz (75 dB A) using the conventional and fast methods to find the agreement between two methods. The fast method was measured in two sessions to find the te...
Social History of Medicine, 2019
In the nineteenth century, epilepsy was established as a curable and treatable condition at the N... more In the nineteenth century, epilepsy was established as a curable and treatable condition at the National Hospital for the Paralysed and Epileptic, in London, England. Since its inception, the National Hospital (NH) hosted the work of many physicians who tried to characterise and define epilepsy as a nosological entity. During the first decade of this Institution, different medical traditions, clinical practices, staff, physicians (among them, John Hughlings Jackson, Charles-Édouard Brown-Séquard, Jabez Spence Ramskill, and Charles Bland Radcliffe), patients, remedies, devices and publications, began to grant the National Hospital a place in London society as a special medical community. The delimitation of epilepsy at the National Hospital would have an impact on the study and description of the human nervous system at the end of the nineteenth century.
Cyanobacteria which also known as blue-green algae are ubiquitous, as they can be found in almost... more Cyanobacteria which also known as blue-green algae are ubiquitous, as they can be found in almost all aquatic environments such as marine, freshwater, brackish water and even hot spring. A study was conducted at Panchor Hot Spring, Serian in December 2013, January 2014 and March 2014 for documentation of its species composition of cyanobacteria. Samples of cyanobacteria were qualitatively collected for microscopic observation and identification from the pools of Panchor Hot Spring in the form of microbial mats on the water surface, samples in the water column and samples that attached on the wall of the pools and other substrates present. Live samples were collected for better identification. Results showed 16 species of cyanobacteria were found belonging to eight genera which were Aphanocapsa, Chroococcus, Lyngbya, Oscillatoria, Phormidium, Planktothrix, Pseudanabaena and Tychonema. Systematic accounts for classification, brief description and general environment for each species w...
The full abstract for this thesis is available in the body of the thesis, and will be available w... more The full abstract for this thesis is available in the body of the thesis, and will be available when the embargo expires.
Kinta valley possesses many geological and landscape features with heritage value of national and... more Kinta valley possesses many geological and landscape features with heritage value of national and regional significant. Conserving some of these geological and landscape features as protected geoheritage sites and establishing others as nature geotourism sites will help the proposed Kinta Valley Geopark to protect its natural environment from further damages due to any large scale unsustainable utilization of its natural resources. Metamorphism grade/pattern occurred in the rocks nearby granitic intrusion is unclear. Hence, the aim of this study is to map out the metamorphism grade of North Ulu Chemor area. This area has well-preserved outcrop compared to other area near to foothill of the granitic intrusion, it may give chances to us to study this topic in detail. Petrographic and geochemical analysis were used to derived the mineralogy contain in the rocks and classified them based on their grade of metamorphism accordingly. These findings show that the metamorphic rock had gone t...
Gold is often regarded as a good hedge against currency depreciation and other economic and polit... more Gold is often regarded as a good hedge against currency depreciation and other economic and political events (Leung & Ward, 2015). Besides, gold is a good value keeper where it can be kept for future use (Nik Muhammad, 2011). Nowadays, gold has been as an instrument for investment in Malaysia. The issue related to gold investment is the status of investment regarding to shariah compliant or not. The objective for this research is to identify public knowledgeability towards gold investment. The independent variables involve in this research are knowledge of public towards gold investment, gold investment is a stable and secure investment and as another option in diversifying investment risk. The sample for this research is public respondents by using simple random sampling. This research will be conducted by using primary data in order to get the information and achieved the objective. The data will be collected from distribution of questionnaires. The data will be run by using SPSS
Recently the numbers of damage and injuries due to wind disaster in the past few years had increa... more Recently the numbers of damage and injuries due to wind disaster in the past few years had increased in Malaysia. However, many people do not concert about the effect or impact that would happen if the wind disaster occurs. This is because when a situation arises, the Malaysian people are not aware of the dangers of wind. Most of possibility risk of the wind disaster potentially damaging physical event, phenomenon or human activity that may cause the loss of life or injury, property damage, social and economic disruption or environmental degradation in Malaysia is due to a thunderstorm or windstorm. The losses caused by a typical damage value. This paper propose about the wind disaster effect among people in Malaysia and the awareness level of the wind disaster between two categories which is a public and government sector. Furthermore, public awareness and understanding about the wind disaster is very important as a precautionary measure from wind disaster occur. Demographic data c...
Captive farming of deer (Cervus timorensis and Axis axis) in University Malaysia Kelantan (UMK) B... more Captive farming of deer (Cervus timorensis and Axis axis) in University Malaysia Kelantan (UMK) Bachok campus has been used for recreation since the 2012. It is located in the Bachok district, near the tourist area of the Tok Bali beach, Kelantan. With this short history, management practices and captive breeding have been low due to lack of behavioral and ecological information about this vulnerable species in UMK. Understanding behavioral patterns plays a vital part in determining appropriate management systems. Hence the aim of this study was to determine the behavioral patterns of Javan rusa or Cervus Timorensis and Chital deer or Axis axis with to differentiate them by comparing their behavior as well as for determining a suitable management system relating to the deer behaviour. From July 2014 to September 2014, the behavioral patterns of 21 Javan and 17 Chital deer were observed and recorded at University Malaysia Kelantan (UMK) Bachok campus deer farm. The farm is located ne...
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2021
Successful highway projects could help contribute to a country’s economic development and growth.... more Successful highway projects could help contribute to a country’s economic development and growth. One of the factors that cause delays in highway projects is starting too early (i.e., premature start), and assessing the readiness of the project before construction could prevent it from happening. However, different types of highway projects can have various causes of delay. Therefore, having inappropriate readiness parameters can impair the process of assessing construction readiness. This study aims to compare the construction readiness parameters (CRPs) between different types of highway projects. To achieve that objective, questionnaire survey data from 105 industry practitioners with highway construction working experiences is analyzed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA), descriptive statistics, and mean score ranking technique. The results reveal 32 CRPs that are critical for both highway and expressway projects. Also, there are 6 CRPs that are only critical for highway proj...
Ceiling fan is considered the most effective for most types of fans, as they effectively distribu... more Ceiling fan is considered the most effective for most types of fans, as they effectively distribute air in the room to make drafts throughout the room. Most of South East Asia especially in Malaysia, ceiling fans will be installed even though some houses use air conditioning as their cooling system. Ceiling type fans are extensively used in dwellings, offices and many other types of buildings to circulate air and thereby reduce the cost of heating during cold weather and air-conditioning during hot weather. Thus, the suitable cleaning tools are needed to clean the ceiling fan blades efficiently. There are three problems faced when cleaning the ceiling fan which are position issues which the consumers need to use ladder to clean the ceiling fan blade especially on the upper part of the blade. Furthermore, consumers faced problems in time consuming and inappropriate design of cleaning tool which most of the dust will falling down to the floor during cleaning activities and due to that...
The objective of this work is to evaluate both physical and mechanical properties of particleboar... more The objective of this work is to evaluate both physical and mechanical properties of particleboard panels manufactured from oil palm (Elais guineensis) trunks. Besides that, this work also to determine the effect of the different resin content (8%, 10% and 12%) and additional wax (0% and 1%) on the physical and mechanical properties of the board. Modulus of Rupture (MOR), Modulus of Elasticity (MOE), Internal Bonding Strength (IB), Thickness Swelling (TS), Water Absorption (WA) and density of the samples were tested based on Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS A: 5908-2003). Oil palm trunk particleboard made with highest adhesive content give the highest modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elastic (MOE) and internal bonding (IB) strength values of 5.80 MPa, 894.73 MPa and 0.07 MPa respectively. Whereas, thickness swelling and water absorption result increase due to the higher urea formaldehyde (UF) adhesive content and additional wax (1%). Additional of wax on the particleboard decr...
Jurnal Komunikasi, Malaysian Journal of Communication, 2016
Kajian ini merupakan kajian semantik dan akal budi Melayu yang menyelidik mengenai deria rasa mas... more Kajian ini merupakan kajian semantik dan akal budi Melayu yang menyelidik mengenai deria rasa masam, masin, manis dan pahit dalam kiasan Melayu. Kajian ini menghuraikan makna implisit dan makna implisit kompleks bahasa kiasan khususnya peribahasa dan kaitannya dengan akal budi Melayu. Data kiasan Melayu dikumpul daripada tiga buah kamus iaitu Kamus Istimewa Peribahasa Melayu, Kamus Simpulan Bahasa, Kamus Peribahasa Melayu dan dikukuhkan dengan data korpus yang diperoleh daripada Pangkalan Korpus Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (DBP) dan Malay Concordance Project (MCP). Kajian berbentuk kualitatif ini mengaplikasikan teori semantik dengan kaedah inkuisitif yang menggabungkan data, teori, kognitif dan falsafah sehingga membawa kepada tafsiran akal budi Melayu. Analisis pendekatan Rangka Rujuk Silang (RRS) dilakukan terhadap data korpus deria rasa dalam kiasan Melayu. Seterusnya kaedah inkuisitif dilakukan bagi mencungkil makna sebenar yang ingin disampaikan. Hasil kajian mendapati kiasan Melayu mempunyai kaitan yang rapat dengan budaya dan akal budi Melayu. Ketersiratan makna masam, manis, masin dan pahit serta makna yang berasosiasi dengan rasa juga dapat dicungkil dan dikaitkan dengan akal budi penuturnya. Pengkategorian mengikut medan makna juga membuktikan bahawa kiasan berunsurkan deria rasa tidak hanya memperlihatkan makna teras rasa malah juga mendukung makna pinggiran lain. Berdasarkan pendekatan yang digunakan, kajian kiasan juga dapat membuktikan hubungan bahasa, masyarakat dan pemikiran.
Polymers and Polymer Composites, 2012
In this work, recycled polypropylene (PP) and regenerated styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) from use... more In this work, recycled polypropylene (PP) and regenerated styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) from used tyres rubber crumbs were combined to produce polymeric blends. The compounds were prepared via twin-screw extrusion to measure their mechanical behaviour for different SBR compositions (0 to 40%). Also, the addition of birch flour (0 to 40%) and coupling agent (0 to 5 phr) content were studied. The results showed that tensile strength and modulus of the blends were substantially improved after incorporation of wood flour. The torsion modulus also increased with birch content. However, the tensile strain at break of PP/birch wood composites decreased with both wood and coupling agent contents, showing a decrease in ductility of the composites. Adding the elastomer phase did not improve the properties. The results showed that adding a coupling agent was found to be effective in improving the wood flour-PP interface, while less improvement was observed for the rubber-PP surface adhesion. ...
Vocabulary plays an essential role in language learning. The lack of vocabulary might cause incom... more Vocabulary plays an essential role in language learning. The lack of vocabulary might cause incompetency to language users. Therefore, it is very important for language instructors to find suitable ways of teaching vocabulary since learning vocabulary consists of learning various aspects of word knowledge. These aspects include orthography, meaning and form, collocation, association and grammatical functions. There are various methods that could be used in gaining these aspects of word knowledge. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of word pairs in learning word knowledge. The researcher is interested to find out which aspects of word knowledge are gained by learning from Malay Translation, English Translation, Malay Definition and English Definition word pairs. One hundred twenty secondary school students were divided into four groups of 30 students and each group was given a set of word pair to learn. After they have learned the word pairs, they were asked to answer word knowledge tests. Data was analysed using SPSS software and the results for each word pair were compared. The results show that all word pairs promote large gains in learning aspects of word knowledge. The scores between the groups were also compared and it was found that the Malay Definition word pair scored the highest mean percentage, 90.4 percent, followed by the Malay Translation word pair, 84.9 percent, the English Translation word pair, 83.1 percent, and English Definition word pair, 69.8 percent
Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences
The world is changing everyday in a fast pace that makes majority of the urbanized areas becoming... more The world is changing everyday in a fast pace that makes majority of the urbanized areas becoming more congested and polluted by the development. The planning of the urban world has brought about a great impact towards the environment and health. With the large number of human population, urban areas will have various kinds of activities that contributed to the higher rate of pollutants compared to areas with less development. In a car oriented urban development pattern, majority of the population will choose automobiles as their transportation modes rather than walking or cycling. Due to that, the air emission in urban areas will increase rapidly, and reduce the physical activity. Air pollutants contribute to various health problems, especially respiratory infection. Besides, lacking of physical activities also increase the health risk. However, there is limited study on the relationship between urban land use setting and health in developing country. Thus, a study had been carried out to establish the relationship between urban setting and human health. It involved air quality data collection, observation on land use setting, and questionnaire survey on human health and the lifestyle. Findings from the relationship analysis had been discussed with suitable recommendation and conclusion.
SHS Web of Conferences, 2015
Vocabulary plays an essential role in language learning. The lack of vocabulary might cause incom... more Vocabulary plays an essential role in language learning. The lack of vocabulary might cause incompetency to language users. It is therefore very important for language instructors to find suitable ways of teaching vocabulary since learning vocabulary consists of learning various aspects of word knowledge. These aspects include orthography, meaning and form, collocation, association and grammatical functions. There are various methods that could be used in gaining aspects of word knowledge. The purpose of this study is to investigate to what extent are aspects of word knowledge gained by learning from word pairs. 120 secondary school students were divided into four groups of thirty students. The first group was given a set of Malay Translation, the second, English Translation, the third, Malay Definition and the fourth, English Definition word pair to learn followed by word knowledge tests. The results show that all word pairs promote large gains in learning aspects of word knowledge. The scores between the groups were also compared and it was found that the mean score of the Malay Definition word pair group is the highest, followed by the Malay Translation word pair group, the English Translation word pair group, and English Definition word pair group.