Nurhan Sahin - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Nurhan Sahin

Research paper thumbnail of Mesozeaxanthin protects the liver and reduces cardio-metabolic risk factors in an insulin resistant rodent model

Food & nutrition research, 2017

Background: Mesozeaxanthin (MZ) is a macular carotenoid which has been reported to have a number ... more Background: Mesozeaxanthin (MZ) is a macular carotenoid which has been reported to have a number of pharmacological properties, including the antioxidant, and anticarcinogenic property, and has been stated to decrease the hepatocyte lipid content. Objective: In this study, we investigated the effect of MZ on cardio-metabolic health risk (CMHR) and its probable mechanisms of action in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Design: Rats were randomly divided into four groups consisting of (i) Control, (ii) MZ, (iii) HFD, and (iv) HFD+MZ. Results: MZ treatment increased the antioxidant enzyme activities and helped improve the liver function. The treatment alleviated CMHR and decreased the level of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB p65) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). The levels of hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate 1 (p-IRS-1), β,β-carotene 9',10'-oxygenase 2 (BCO2) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related fa...

Research paper thumbnail of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation Modulates NFκB and Nrf2 Pathways in Exercise Training

Journal of sports science & medicine, 2016

This study reports the effects of Q10, coenzyme Q10 or ubiquinone, a component of the electron tr... more This study reports the effects of Q10, coenzyme Q10 or ubiquinone, a component of the electron transport chain in mitochondria, on nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB), inhibitors of kappa B (IκB), nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) and hemeoxygenase 1 (HO-1) in rats after chronic exercise training for 6 weeks. 8-week old male Wistar rats were assigned randomly to one of four treatments planned in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of two condition (sedentary vs. exercise training), and two coenzyme Q10 levels (0 and 300 mg/kg per day for 6 weeks). The expression levels of the target proteins were determined in the heart, liver and muscle, and biochemical parameters including creatinine, urea, glucose and lipid profile were investigated in plasma. When compared with sedentary group, significant decreases in heart, liver and muscle NFκB levels by 45%, 26% and 44% were observed in Q10 supplemented rats after exercise training, respectively, ...

Research paper thumbnail of Influence of dietary genistein and polyunsaturated fatty acids on lipid peroxidation and fatty acid composition of meat in quail exposed to heat stress

Tropical Animal Health and Production

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) an... more This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and genistein on performance and meat fatty acid profiles in quail exposed to heat stress. A total of 360 Japanese quail were divided into 12 groups in a 2 × 2 × 3 factorial design; each group comprised 30 quail with five replicates and were kept either at 22 ± 2 °C for 24 h/day (Thermoneutral, TN) or 34 ± 2 °C for 8 h/day (08:00 to 17:00 h) followed by 22 °C for 16 h (heat stress, HS) conditions. The diet contained either two levels of PUFA at 15 or 45% of total fat or three levels of genistein at 0, 400, or 800 mg/kg. Bodyweight gain, feed intake, and feed efficiency were lower (p ≥ 0.01) for quail reared under heat stress and fed low PUFA. Increasing dietary genistein in a linear manner improved the productive performance (p < 0.001). Heat stress caused increases in serum and thigh meat malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations and decreases in genistein and vitamin E and A concentrations in serum and thigh meat (p < 0.001). High PUFA (PUFA45) in the diet of quail caused greater 18:2, 18:3 ALA, EPA, DHA, n-6, and n-3 PUFA as well as total PUFA and total USFA percentages (p < 0.001) in the thigh muscle, some of which decreased with heat stress (p ≥ 0.006) with no regard to genistein supplementation. This study revealed that genistein with greater doses along with greater PUFA inclusion to the diet of quail reared under heat stress is recommended for alleviating adverse effects of heat stress and for yielding healthier meat for human consumption.

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of Exercise Combined with Undenatured Type II Collagen on Endurance Capacity, Antioxidant Status, Muscle Lipogenic Genes and E3 Ubiquitin Ligases in Rats

Animals

The current study aimed to investigate the effect of exercise combined with undenatured type II c... more The current study aimed to investigate the effect of exercise combined with undenatured type II collagen (UCII) administration on endurance capacity, lipid metabolism, inflammation, and antioxidant status in rats. Twenty-one male Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups as follows: (1) Sedentary control, (2) Exercise (E), (3) Exercise + UCII (4 mg/kg BW/day; E + UCII). The findings showed that the exhaustive running time in the UCII group was significantly prolonged compared to that of the non-supplemented group (p < 0.001). When compared to the control group, total serum cholesterol (TC, p < 0.05) and triglyceride (TG, p < 0.05) levels decreased, while creatinine kinase (CK) levels increased in the E group (p < 0.001). Serum creatinine kinase levels were reduced in the E + UCII group compared to the E group (p < 0.01). Serum lactate, myoglobin (p < 0.01), and osteocalcin levels (p < 0.01) increased significantly in exercised rats compared to sedentary ...

Research paper thumbnail of Lycopene supplementation does not change productive performance but lowers egg yolk cholesterol and gene expression of some cholesterol-related proteins in laying hens

British Poultry Science

ABSTRACT 1. This work examined the effects of purified lycopene (LYC) supplementation or a source... more ABSTRACT 1. This work examined the effects of purified lycopene (LYC) supplementation or a source of LYC as tomato powder (TP) on productive performance, egg yolk cholesterol levels as well as gene expression related to mechanism and regulation of cholesterol. 2. One hundred and fifty laying hens (Lohman LSL, hybrid) were randomly divided into one of three treatments, with 10 replicates of five hens per cage, totalling 50 hens per treatment. The hens were fed either a standard diet (control) or a standard diet supplemented with 20 mg purified lycopene/kg diet (LYC) or an equal amount of lycopene-containing tomato powder (TP) for 12 weeks. 3. Feed consumption, egg production, and feed efficiency remained similar among treatments (P ≥ 0.27). Supplementing lycopene, either as a purified form or in TP, increased the levels of serum and egg yolk lycopene and reduced serum and egg yolk cholesterol concentrations (P < 0.001). Supplementation in either form decreased gene expression for intestinal NPC1L1, MTP, ACAT2, hepatic SREBP1c, ACLY, and LXRα but increased hepatic ABCG5 and ABCG8 (P < 0.001). 4. The results of the present work revealed that egg yolk cholesterol metabolism is regulated by the modulation of a group of genes, particularly with LYC supplementation.

Research paper thumbnail of Lycopene Supplementation Either Purified or as in Tomato Powder to the Diet of Laying Hens Lowers Egg Yolk Cholesterol by Modulation of Sterol Transporters

Current Developments in Nutrition

Objectives The objective of this work was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation o... more Objectives The objective of this work was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of purified lycopene (LYC) or a source of LYC as in tomato powder (TP) on live hen performance, egg yolk cholesterol concentrations as well as the gene expressions related to mechanism and regulation of cholesterol, namely Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 protein (NPC1L1), acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase 2 (ACAT2), microsomal triacylglycerol transport protein (MTP), ATP binding cassette transporters sub-family G member 5 and 8 (ABCG5/8), ATP citrate lyase (ACLY), liver X receptor alpha (LXRα) and sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBP1c). Methods A total of 150 20-week-old white laying hens were divided into one of 3 treatments, with 10 replicates of 5 hens per cage, totaling 50 hens per treatment. The birds were fed either a basal diet (Control) or basal diet supplemented with 20 mg purified lycopene/kg diet (LYC) or an equal amount of lycopene-containing tomato powder (TP) for 12...

Research paper thumbnail of Lutein and zeaxanthin isomers modulates lipid metabolism and the inflammatory state of retina in obesity-induced high-fat diet rodent model

BMC Ophthalmology

Background: Several studies associated high-fat intakes with a high incidence of age-related macu... more Background: Several studies associated high-fat intakes with a high incidence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Lutein and Zeaxanthin isomers (L/Zi) may counteract reactive oxygen species produced by oxidative stress. The present study was conducted to determine the possible effects of L/Zi administration on lipid profile, protein genes associated with oxidative stress and inflammation pathways in the obesity induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) in rodents. Methods: Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were allocated into four groups as follows: (i) Control, (ii) Control + L/Zi, (iii) High Fat Diet (HFD), and (iv) HFD+ L/Z. L/Zi was administrated for 8 weeks at a daily dose of 100 mg/kg BW. Results: L/Zi administration significantly reduced insulin and free fatty acid (FFA) levels (P < 0.001) and ameliorated the oxidative damage by reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and increasing antioxidant enzymes activities of retina induced by HFD. In addition, supplementation decreased the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM) (P < 0.001, respectively) and improved nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) gene proteins in retinal tissues (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Rats fed with HFD exhibited increased oxidative stress and upregulation of inflammatory indicators. However, L/Zi supplementation modulates genes involved oxidative stress and inflammation including NF-κB and Nrf2 signaling pathways in the retina which may contribute to ameliorating retinal damage induced by HFD.

Research paper thumbnail of β-Cryptoxanthin ameliorates metabolic risk factors by regulating NF-κB and Nrf2 pathways in insulin resistance induced by high-fat diet in rodents

Food and Chemical Toxicology

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of dietary supplementation of arginine and lysine on performance and egg quality characteristics of laying quails

Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 2015

The aim of the present research was to determine the effects of arginine and lysine supplementati... more The aim of the present research was to determine the effects of arginine and lysine supplementation in laying quail diets on performance and egg quality characteristics. A total of 420 Japanese quails (280 females and 140 males; Coturnix coturnix japonica) aged 10 weeks old were divided into seven equal groups, each consisting of 60 quails. The control group was fed a basal diet without the addition of arginine or lysine (with an arginine:lysine ratio at the required level). Experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with: 0.1% arginine; 0.2% arginine; 0.1% lysine; 0.2% lysine; 0.1% arginine + 0.1% lysine; or 0.2% arginine + 0.2% lysine. Feed intake decreased in the 0.1% lysine, 0.2% lysine, and 0.1% arginine + 0.1% lysine groups compared with the control and arginine groups (P<0.01). At the end of the experiment, body weight increased for females in all experimental groups (P<0.05); eggshell thickness decreased in the 0.2% arginine group (P<0.01); and the albumen index increased in the 0.2% arginine + 0.2% lysine group compared with the 0.1% arginine, 0.2% lysine, and 0.1% arginine + 0.1% lysine groups (P<0.05). There were no differences between the experimental groups in terms of egg production, egg weight, feed conversion ratio, shape index, Haugh unit, yolk index, albumen index and yolk color index. In conclusion, lysine supplementation in the quail diets did not appear to have any significant negative effect; excessive arginine supplementation might impair the quality of the eggshell; and combined arginine and lysine supplementation did not improve performance.

Research paper thumbnail of Supplementation with Organic or Inorganic Selenium in Heat-distressed Quail

Biological Trace Element Research, 2008

The present study was carried out to determine the effects of different sources of selenium (Se; ... more The present study was carried out to determine the effects of different sources of selenium (Se; sodium selenite [Na 2 SeO 3 ] or selenomethionine [Se-Met]) supplementation on egg production, egg quality, levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), and Se in serum and egg yolk in heat-stressed Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). The birds (n=360; 55 days old) were randomly assigned to 12 treatment groups consisting of six replicates of five birds each in a 2×2×3 factorial arrangement of treatments (temperatures, selenium sources, selenium levels). Birds were kept in wire cages in a temperature-controlled room at either 22 (thermoneutral) or 34°C (heat stress) for 8 h/day (09:00-17:00; till the end of study) and fed a basal (control) diet or the basal diet supplemented with either 0.15 or 0.30 mg of Na 2 SeO 3 or selenomethionine/kg of diet. Heat exposure decreased live weight, feed intake, feed efficiency, egg production, and egg quality when basal diet was fed (P< 0.0001). A linear increase in feed intake (P=0.001) and body weight (P=0.001), egg production (P=0.001), and improvement in feed efficiency (P=0.001) and egg quality (P= 0.001) were found in Se-supplemented quail reared under heat stress conditions. Serum, egg white, and egg yolk Se (P≤0.001) concentrations increased linearly, whereas serum, liver, and egg yolk MDA concentrations decreased linearly (P=0.001) as dietary Na 2 SeO 3 or Se-Met supplementation increased. An interaction between dietary Se sources, temperature, and levels of supplementation (P≤0.05) for these parameters was detected. Supplementation with Se improved egg production, egg quality, and antioxidant status of birds, and the effects of Se-Met were relatively greater than Na 2 SeO 3 in heat-stressed quail. Results of the present study suggest that supplementation with Se-Met can be considered to be more protective than Na 2 SeO 3 by reducing the negative effects of oxidative stress induced by heat stress in quail.

Research paper thumbnail of Supplemental Zinc and Vitamin A Can Alleviate Negative Effects of Heat Stress in Broiler Chickens

Biological Trace Element Research, 2003

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of zinc (ZnSO 4 • H 2 O) and vitamin A (ret... more This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of zinc (ZnSO 4 • H 2 O) and vitamin A (retinol) supplementation on performance, carcass characteristics, and serum concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, total protein, and malondialdehyde (MDA) as an indicator of lipid peroxidation in broiler chickens (Ross) reared at a high temperature (34°C). One hundred twenty 10-d-old male broilers were randomly assigned to 4 treatment groups, 3 replicates of 10 birds each. The birds were fed either a basal diet or the basal diet supplemented with either 30 mg Zn/kg diet, 4.5 mg (15,000 IU) retinol/kg diet, or 30 mg Zn + 4.5 mg retinol/kg diet. Supplemental zinc and vitamin A significantly increased live weight gain and improved feed efficiency (p < 0.05). However, a combination of zinc and vitamin A, rather than each separately, provided a greater performance. Hot and chilled carcass weights and yields and the weights of internal organs with the exception of abdominal fat were greater for each supplement (p < 0.05) compared to the control group. Abdominal fat decreased (p < 0.05) upon dietary zinc and vitamin A supplementation. Supplemental treatments resulted in an increased total serum protein but decreased glucose, cholesterol, and MDA concentrations. The results of the study show that, separately or as a combination, zinc and vitamin A supplementation resulted in an improved live weight gain, feed efficiency, and carcass traits, as well as a decrease in serum MDA concentrations. The results of the present study also suggest that zinc and vitamin A have similar effects and that a combination of zinc and vitamin A may offer a potential protective management practice in preventing heat-stress-related depression in performance of broiler chickens.

Research paper thumbnail of The Effects of Chromium Picolinate and Chromium Histidinate Administration on NF-κB and Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway in the Brain of Diabetic Rats

Biological Trace Element Research, 2012

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of supplemental chromium picolina... more The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of supplemental chromium picolinate (CrPic) and chromium histidinate (CrHis) on nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB p65) and nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway in diabetic rat brain. Nondiabetic (n = 45) and diabetic (n = 45) male Wistar rats were either not supplemented or supplemented with CrPic or CrHis via drinking water to consume 8 μg elemental chromium (Cr) per day for 12 weeks. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin injection (40 mg/kg i.p., for 2 weeks) and maintained by high-fat feeding (40 %). Diabetes was associated with increases in cerebral NF-κB and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) protein adducts and decreased in cerebral nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells inhibitor, alpha (IκBα) and Nrf2 levels. Both Cr chelates were effective to decrease levels of NF-κB and 4-HNE protein adducts and to increase levels of IκBα and Nrf2 in the brain of diabetic rats. However, responses of these increases and decreases were more notable when Cr was supplemented as CrHis than as CrPic. In conclusion, Cr may play a protective role in cerebral antioxidant defense system in diabetic subjects via the Nrf2 pathway by reducing inflammation through NF-κB p65 inhibition. Histidinate form of Cr was superior to picolinate form of Cr in reducing NF-κB expression and increasing Nrf2 expression in the brain of diabetic rats.

Research paper thumbnail of Supplementation of zinc from organic or inorganic source improves performance and antioxidant status of heat-distressed quail

Poultry Science, 2005

Two sources of zinc [ZnSO4.H2O or ZnPicolinate (ZnPic)] supplementation were evaluated for their ... more Two sources of zinc [ZnSO4.H2O or ZnPicolinate (ZnPic)] supplementation were evaluated for their effects on performance, carcass weight, levels of malondialdehyde, and vitamins C, E, A in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix Japonica) exposed to high ambient temperature of 34 degrees C. The birds (n = 360; 10-d-old) were randomly assigned to 12 treatment groups consisting of 3 replicates of 10 birds each in a 2 x 2 x 3 factorial arrangement of treatments (temperatures, zinc sources, zinc levels). Birds were kept in wire cages in a temperature-controlled room at either 22 degrees C (thermoneutral) or 34 degrees C (heat stress) for 8 h/d (0900 to 1700 h) until the end of study, and fed a basal (control) diet or the basal diet supplemented with either 30 or 60 mg of Zn as ZnSO4 H2O or ZnPic/kg of diet. Heat exposure decreased (P = 0.001) live weight gain, feed intake, feed efficiency, and carcass weight when the basal diet was fed. A linear increase in feed intake (P = 0.01) and BW (P = 0.01), and improvement in feed efficiency (P = 0.01) and carcass weight (P &amp;amp;lt; or = 0.05) were found in zinc-supplemented quail reared under heat-stress conditions. Serum vitamin C (P = 0.04), E (P = 0.05), and cholesterol (P = 0.01) concentrations increased linearly, whereas malondialdehyde concentrations decreased linearly (P = 0.02) as dietary zinc sulfate and ZnPic supplementation increased. An interaction between dietary zinc sources, temperature, and levels of supplementation (P &amp;amp;lt; or = 0.05) for these parameters was detected. Serum vitamins C, E, and A concentrations were not different in supplemented birds reared at thermoneutral temperature. Supplementation with zinc improved carcass weight and antioxidant status of birds, and the effects of ZnPic were relatively greater than those of ZnSO4.H2O in heat-stressed quail. Results of the present study suggest that supplementation with ZnPic could be considered to be more protective than ZnSO4.H2O by reducing the negative effects of oxidative stress induced by heat stress in quail.

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of dietary resveratrol supplementation on egg production and antioxidant status

Research paper thumbnail of Dietary arginine silicate inositol complex improves bone mineralization in quail

Poultry Science, 2006

Skeletal abnormalities, low bone mass, bone deformities, and bone fractures increase the risk of ... more Skeletal abnormalities, low bone mass, bone deformities, and bone fractures increase the risk of osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, which are of concern from both a public standpoint and a cost-of-care burden standpoint. Arginine silicate inositol complex (ASI; Arg = 49.47%, silicone = 8.2%, inositol = 25%) is a novel, bioavailable source of Si and Arg and one that offers potential benefits for vascular and bone health. Skeletal abnormalities and architectural deterioration of bone tissue are common under hot climate conditions in the poultry industry. In this study, we evaluated the effects of ASI supplementation on performance and bone mineral density (BMD) in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) exposed to the high ambient temperature of 34°C. The birds (n = 180; 10 d old) were randomly assigned to 6 treatment groups consisting of 10 replicates of 3 birds. Birds were kept in wire cages in a temperature-controlled room at either 22°C (thermoneutral; TN) or 34°C (heat stress; HS) for 8 h/d (0900 to 1700 h until the end of study) and were fed a basal (control) diet or the basal diet supplemented with

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of vitamins E and A supplementation on lipid peroxidation and concentration of some mineral in broilers reared under heat stress (32°C)

Nutrition Research, 2002

A study utilizing Cobb-500 male broilers was conducted to evaluate the effects of vitamin E (dl-␣... more A study utilizing Cobb-500 male broilers was conducted to evaluate the effects of vitamin E (dl-␣-tocopheryl-acetate), vitamin A (retinol), and their combination on their serum and liver concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) (an indicator of lipid peroxidation), iron (Fe) zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and chromium (Cr) in broilers reared under heat stress (32°C). One day-old 120 broilers were randomly assigned to 4 treatment groups, 3 replicates of 10 birds each. The birds were fed either a control diet or a control diet supplemented with either vitamin A (15.000 IU retinol/kg diet), vitamin E (250 mg dl-␣-tocopheryl-acetate/kg diet), or a combination of vitamins A and E (15.000 IU retinol plus 250 mg dl-␣-tocopheryl-acetate/kg diet). Serum MDA levels were decreased in E, A and EϩA groups (1.3, 1.5, and 0.95 nmol/ml, respectively) compared with control (2.1 nmol/ml) (P Ͻ 0.05). Similarly, liver MDA levels were decreased in treatment groups (3.6, 3.9 and 2.9 nmol/g, respectively) compared with control group (5.4 nmol/g) (P Ͻ 0.05). Supplemental vitamins E and A increased serum and liver concentrations of Fe, Zn and Cr (P Ͻ 0.01). Serum and liver copper concentrations, however, decreased (P Ͻ 0.05) upon vitamins E and A supplementation. In general, when a significant effect was found for a parameter, the magnitude of the responses to vitamin supplements was greatest with the combination of the vitamin A and vitamin E, rather than that of each vitamin supplement separately. Results of the present study conclude that supplementing with a combination of dietary vitamins E and A offers a good management practice for alleviating metabolic changes caused by heat stress.

Research paper thumbnail of Orally Administered Lycopene Attenuates Diethylnitrosamine-Induced Hepatocarcinogenesis in Rats by Modulating Nrf-2/HO-1 and Akt/mTOR Pathways

Nutrition and Cancer, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of The Effects of Selenium Supplementation on the Spontaneously Occurring Fibroid Tumors of Oviduct, 8-Hydroxy-2′-Deoxyguanosine Levels, and Heat Shock Protein 70 Response in Japanese Quail

Nutrition and Cancer, 2010

Oxidative stress is known to be an important contributing factor in many chronic diseases. Sponta... more Oxidative stress is known to be an important contributing factor in many chronic diseases. Spontaneously occurring benign oviduct leiomyomas are common tumors of the Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica), which makes it a good animal model for screening potential agents for testing in the prevention and treatment of human myoma uteri. Since dietary intake of selenium has been associated with a reduced risk of a variety of human cancers, we investigated the effects of selenium supplementation on the development of leiomyomas in the Japanese quail. Potential mechanisms of action of selenium include its antioxidant properties and modulation of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70); therefore, we measured levels of 8-hydroxy-2&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), 8-isoprostane levels, and Hsp70 expression in tissue specimens obtained from the quails. One hundred and eighty quails (8 mo old) were assigned to 3 treatment groups consisting of 60 birds in each group. Birds were fed either a basal diet containing 0.048 mg Se per kg or the basal diet supplemented with 0.2 mg or 0.4 mg of selenium (Selenomax, yeast-bound l-selenomethionine, 60%) per kg of diet. The animals were sacrificed after 250 days, and the tumors were identified. Selenium supplementation did not affect the number of leiomyomas as compared to control subjects (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; 0.05). However, the tumors in selenium fed birds were smaller than those found in control birds (P = 0.01). Serum Se increased (P = 0.01), whereas MDA and 8-isoprostane, 8-OHdG concentrations decreased (P = 0.01) with selenium supplementation (P = 0.01). Selenium supplementation decreased Hsp70 in the tissue of birds. The results indicate that dietary supplementation with selenium reduces the size of spontaneously occurring leiomyoma of the oviduct in the Japanese quail.

Research paper thumbnail of A Tomato Lycopene Complex Protects the Kidney From Cisplatin-Induced Injury via Affecting Oxidative Stress as Well as Bax, Bcl-2, and HSPs Expression

Nutrition and Cancer, 2011

Research paper thumbnail of Chromium modulates expressions of neuronal plasticity markers and glial fibrillary acidic proteins in hypoglycemia-induced brain injury

Life Sciences, 2013

This experiment investigated if chromium (Cr) as Cr-histidinate (CrHis) and Cr29 picolinate (CrPi... more This experiment investigated if chromium (Cr) as Cr-histidinate (CrHis) and Cr29 picolinate (CrPic) have a protective role in rats with hypoglycemia-induced brain injury, assessed by neuronal plasticity and regeneration potential. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were prospectively divided into 2 groups: control and hypoglycemic (induced by insulin administration, 15U/kg, i.p., n=56). Hypoglycemic rats were then received randomly 1) none, 2) dextrose (on the day of sampling), 3) CrHis, or 4) CrPic. Cr-chelates were delivered via drinking water (providing 8μg elemental Cr per day) for one week prior to the hypoglycemia induction. The expressions of neuroplasticity markers [neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)], glucose transporters (GLUT), and nuclear transcription proteins [nuclear factor-kappa (NF-κB), nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), and 4-hydroxyl nonenal (HNE)] were determined using Western blot. Hypoglycemia caused increases in the expressions of GLUT-1, GLUT-3, GFAP, NF-κB and HNE and decreases in the expression of NCAM&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s, GAP-43 and Nrf2 in the hippocampus, cerebellum, and cortex. Cr-chelates suppressed expressions of GLUTs, GFAP, NF-κB and HNE expressions and enhanced expressions of NCAM, GAP-43 and Nrf2, which were more notable for CrHis than for CrPic. In conclusion, hypoglycemia leads to cerebral injury and Cr-chelates, particularly CrHis have protective and regeneration potential in cerebral tissues through modulating neuroplasticity markers and nuclear transcription proteins as well as facilitating glucose transporters.

Research paper thumbnail of Mesozeaxanthin protects the liver and reduces cardio-metabolic risk factors in an insulin resistant rodent model

Food & nutrition research, 2017

Background: Mesozeaxanthin (MZ) is a macular carotenoid which has been reported to have a number ... more Background: Mesozeaxanthin (MZ) is a macular carotenoid which has been reported to have a number of pharmacological properties, including the antioxidant, and anticarcinogenic property, and has been stated to decrease the hepatocyte lipid content. Objective: In this study, we investigated the effect of MZ on cardio-metabolic health risk (CMHR) and its probable mechanisms of action in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Design: Rats were randomly divided into four groups consisting of (i) Control, (ii) MZ, (iii) HFD, and (iv) HFD+MZ. Results: MZ treatment increased the antioxidant enzyme activities and helped improve the liver function. The treatment alleviated CMHR and decreased the level of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB p65) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). The levels of hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate 1 (p-IRS-1), β,β-carotene 9',10'-oxygenase 2 (BCO2) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related fa...

Research paper thumbnail of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation Modulates NFκB and Nrf2 Pathways in Exercise Training

Journal of sports science & medicine, 2016

This study reports the effects of Q10, coenzyme Q10 or ubiquinone, a component of the electron tr... more This study reports the effects of Q10, coenzyme Q10 or ubiquinone, a component of the electron transport chain in mitochondria, on nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB), inhibitors of kappa B (IκB), nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) and hemeoxygenase 1 (HO-1) in rats after chronic exercise training for 6 weeks. 8-week old male Wistar rats were assigned randomly to one of four treatments planned in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of two condition (sedentary vs. exercise training), and two coenzyme Q10 levels (0 and 300 mg/kg per day for 6 weeks). The expression levels of the target proteins were determined in the heart, liver and muscle, and biochemical parameters including creatinine, urea, glucose and lipid profile were investigated in plasma. When compared with sedentary group, significant decreases in heart, liver and muscle NFκB levels by 45%, 26% and 44% were observed in Q10 supplemented rats after exercise training, respectively, ...

Research paper thumbnail of Influence of dietary genistein and polyunsaturated fatty acids on lipid peroxidation and fatty acid composition of meat in quail exposed to heat stress

Tropical Animal Health and Production

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) an... more This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and genistein on performance and meat fatty acid profiles in quail exposed to heat stress. A total of 360 Japanese quail were divided into 12 groups in a 2 × 2 × 3 factorial design; each group comprised 30 quail with five replicates and were kept either at 22 ± 2 °C for 24 h/day (Thermoneutral, TN) or 34 ± 2 °C for 8 h/day (08:00 to 17:00 h) followed by 22 °C for 16 h (heat stress, HS) conditions. The diet contained either two levels of PUFA at 15 or 45% of total fat or three levels of genistein at 0, 400, or 800 mg/kg. Bodyweight gain, feed intake, and feed efficiency were lower (p ≥ 0.01) for quail reared under heat stress and fed low PUFA. Increasing dietary genistein in a linear manner improved the productive performance (p < 0.001). Heat stress caused increases in serum and thigh meat malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations and decreases in genistein and vitamin E and A concentrations in serum and thigh meat (p < 0.001). High PUFA (PUFA45) in the diet of quail caused greater 18:2, 18:3 ALA, EPA, DHA, n-6, and n-3 PUFA as well as total PUFA and total USFA percentages (p < 0.001) in the thigh muscle, some of which decreased with heat stress (p ≥ 0.006) with no regard to genistein supplementation. This study revealed that genistein with greater doses along with greater PUFA inclusion to the diet of quail reared under heat stress is recommended for alleviating adverse effects of heat stress and for yielding healthier meat for human consumption.

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of Exercise Combined with Undenatured Type II Collagen on Endurance Capacity, Antioxidant Status, Muscle Lipogenic Genes and E3 Ubiquitin Ligases in Rats

Animals

The current study aimed to investigate the effect of exercise combined with undenatured type II c... more The current study aimed to investigate the effect of exercise combined with undenatured type II collagen (UCII) administration on endurance capacity, lipid metabolism, inflammation, and antioxidant status in rats. Twenty-one male Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups as follows: (1) Sedentary control, (2) Exercise (E), (3) Exercise + UCII (4 mg/kg BW/day; E + UCII). The findings showed that the exhaustive running time in the UCII group was significantly prolonged compared to that of the non-supplemented group (p < 0.001). When compared to the control group, total serum cholesterol (TC, p < 0.05) and triglyceride (TG, p < 0.05) levels decreased, while creatinine kinase (CK) levels increased in the E group (p < 0.001). Serum creatinine kinase levels were reduced in the E + UCII group compared to the E group (p < 0.01). Serum lactate, myoglobin (p < 0.01), and osteocalcin levels (p < 0.01) increased significantly in exercised rats compared to sedentary ...

Research paper thumbnail of Lycopene supplementation does not change productive performance but lowers egg yolk cholesterol and gene expression of some cholesterol-related proteins in laying hens

British Poultry Science

ABSTRACT 1. This work examined the effects of purified lycopene (LYC) supplementation or a source... more ABSTRACT 1. This work examined the effects of purified lycopene (LYC) supplementation or a source of LYC as tomato powder (TP) on productive performance, egg yolk cholesterol levels as well as gene expression related to mechanism and regulation of cholesterol. 2. One hundred and fifty laying hens (Lohman LSL, hybrid) were randomly divided into one of three treatments, with 10 replicates of five hens per cage, totalling 50 hens per treatment. The hens were fed either a standard diet (control) or a standard diet supplemented with 20 mg purified lycopene/kg diet (LYC) or an equal amount of lycopene-containing tomato powder (TP) for 12 weeks. 3. Feed consumption, egg production, and feed efficiency remained similar among treatments (P ≥ 0.27). Supplementing lycopene, either as a purified form or in TP, increased the levels of serum and egg yolk lycopene and reduced serum and egg yolk cholesterol concentrations (P < 0.001). Supplementation in either form decreased gene expression for intestinal NPC1L1, MTP, ACAT2, hepatic SREBP1c, ACLY, and LXRα but increased hepatic ABCG5 and ABCG8 (P < 0.001). 4. The results of the present work revealed that egg yolk cholesterol metabolism is regulated by the modulation of a group of genes, particularly with LYC supplementation.

Research paper thumbnail of Lycopene Supplementation Either Purified or as in Tomato Powder to the Diet of Laying Hens Lowers Egg Yolk Cholesterol by Modulation of Sterol Transporters

Current Developments in Nutrition

Objectives The objective of this work was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation o... more Objectives The objective of this work was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of purified lycopene (LYC) or a source of LYC as in tomato powder (TP) on live hen performance, egg yolk cholesterol concentrations as well as the gene expressions related to mechanism and regulation of cholesterol, namely Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 protein (NPC1L1), acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase 2 (ACAT2), microsomal triacylglycerol transport protein (MTP), ATP binding cassette transporters sub-family G member 5 and 8 (ABCG5/8), ATP citrate lyase (ACLY), liver X receptor alpha (LXRα) and sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBP1c). Methods A total of 150 20-week-old white laying hens were divided into one of 3 treatments, with 10 replicates of 5 hens per cage, totaling 50 hens per treatment. The birds were fed either a basal diet (Control) or basal diet supplemented with 20 mg purified lycopene/kg diet (LYC) or an equal amount of lycopene-containing tomato powder (TP) for 12...

Research paper thumbnail of Lutein and zeaxanthin isomers modulates lipid metabolism and the inflammatory state of retina in obesity-induced high-fat diet rodent model

BMC Ophthalmology

Background: Several studies associated high-fat intakes with a high incidence of age-related macu... more Background: Several studies associated high-fat intakes with a high incidence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Lutein and Zeaxanthin isomers (L/Zi) may counteract reactive oxygen species produced by oxidative stress. The present study was conducted to determine the possible effects of L/Zi administration on lipid profile, protein genes associated with oxidative stress and inflammation pathways in the obesity induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) in rodents. Methods: Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were allocated into four groups as follows: (i) Control, (ii) Control + L/Zi, (iii) High Fat Diet (HFD), and (iv) HFD+ L/Z. L/Zi was administrated for 8 weeks at a daily dose of 100 mg/kg BW. Results: L/Zi administration significantly reduced insulin and free fatty acid (FFA) levels (P < 0.001) and ameliorated the oxidative damage by reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and increasing antioxidant enzymes activities of retina induced by HFD. In addition, supplementation decreased the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM) (P < 0.001, respectively) and improved nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) gene proteins in retinal tissues (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Rats fed with HFD exhibited increased oxidative stress and upregulation of inflammatory indicators. However, L/Zi supplementation modulates genes involved oxidative stress and inflammation including NF-κB and Nrf2 signaling pathways in the retina which may contribute to ameliorating retinal damage induced by HFD.

Research paper thumbnail of β-Cryptoxanthin ameliorates metabolic risk factors by regulating NF-κB and Nrf2 pathways in insulin resistance induced by high-fat diet in rodents

Food and Chemical Toxicology

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of dietary supplementation of arginine and lysine on performance and egg quality characteristics of laying quails

Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 2015

The aim of the present research was to determine the effects of arginine and lysine supplementati... more The aim of the present research was to determine the effects of arginine and lysine supplementation in laying quail diets on performance and egg quality characteristics. A total of 420 Japanese quails (280 females and 140 males; Coturnix coturnix japonica) aged 10 weeks old were divided into seven equal groups, each consisting of 60 quails. The control group was fed a basal diet without the addition of arginine or lysine (with an arginine:lysine ratio at the required level). Experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with: 0.1% arginine; 0.2% arginine; 0.1% lysine; 0.2% lysine; 0.1% arginine + 0.1% lysine; or 0.2% arginine + 0.2% lysine. Feed intake decreased in the 0.1% lysine, 0.2% lysine, and 0.1% arginine + 0.1% lysine groups compared with the control and arginine groups (P<0.01). At the end of the experiment, body weight increased for females in all experimental groups (P<0.05); eggshell thickness decreased in the 0.2% arginine group (P<0.01); and the albumen index increased in the 0.2% arginine + 0.2% lysine group compared with the 0.1% arginine, 0.2% lysine, and 0.1% arginine + 0.1% lysine groups (P<0.05). There were no differences between the experimental groups in terms of egg production, egg weight, feed conversion ratio, shape index, Haugh unit, yolk index, albumen index and yolk color index. In conclusion, lysine supplementation in the quail diets did not appear to have any significant negative effect; excessive arginine supplementation might impair the quality of the eggshell; and combined arginine and lysine supplementation did not improve performance.

Research paper thumbnail of Supplementation with Organic or Inorganic Selenium in Heat-distressed Quail

Biological Trace Element Research, 2008

The present study was carried out to determine the effects of different sources of selenium (Se; ... more The present study was carried out to determine the effects of different sources of selenium (Se; sodium selenite [Na 2 SeO 3 ] or selenomethionine [Se-Met]) supplementation on egg production, egg quality, levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), and Se in serum and egg yolk in heat-stressed Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). The birds (n=360; 55 days old) were randomly assigned to 12 treatment groups consisting of six replicates of five birds each in a 2×2×3 factorial arrangement of treatments (temperatures, selenium sources, selenium levels). Birds were kept in wire cages in a temperature-controlled room at either 22 (thermoneutral) or 34°C (heat stress) for 8 h/day (09:00-17:00; till the end of study) and fed a basal (control) diet or the basal diet supplemented with either 0.15 or 0.30 mg of Na 2 SeO 3 or selenomethionine/kg of diet. Heat exposure decreased live weight, feed intake, feed efficiency, egg production, and egg quality when basal diet was fed (P< 0.0001). A linear increase in feed intake (P=0.001) and body weight (P=0.001), egg production (P=0.001), and improvement in feed efficiency (P=0.001) and egg quality (P= 0.001) were found in Se-supplemented quail reared under heat stress conditions. Serum, egg white, and egg yolk Se (P≤0.001) concentrations increased linearly, whereas serum, liver, and egg yolk MDA concentrations decreased linearly (P=0.001) as dietary Na 2 SeO 3 or Se-Met supplementation increased. An interaction between dietary Se sources, temperature, and levels of supplementation (P≤0.05) for these parameters was detected. Supplementation with Se improved egg production, egg quality, and antioxidant status of birds, and the effects of Se-Met were relatively greater than Na 2 SeO 3 in heat-stressed quail. Results of the present study suggest that supplementation with Se-Met can be considered to be more protective than Na 2 SeO 3 by reducing the negative effects of oxidative stress induced by heat stress in quail.

Research paper thumbnail of Supplemental Zinc and Vitamin A Can Alleviate Negative Effects of Heat Stress in Broiler Chickens

Biological Trace Element Research, 2003

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of zinc (ZnSO 4 • H 2 O) and vitamin A (ret... more This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of zinc (ZnSO 4 • H 2 O) and vitamin A (retinol) supplementation on performance, carcass characteristics, and serum concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, total protein, and malondialdehyde (MDA) as an indicator of lipid peroxidation in broiler chickens (Ross) reared at a high temperature (34°C). One hundred twenty 10-d-old male broilers were randomly assigned to 4 treatment groups, 3 replicates of 10 birds each. The birds were fed either a basal diet or the basal diet supplemented with either 30 mg Zn/kg diet, 4.5 mg (15,000 IU) retinol/kg diet, or 30 mg Zn + 4.5 mg retinol/kg diet. Supplemental zinc and vitamin A significantly increased live weight gain and improved feed efficiency (p < 0.05). However, a combination of zinc and vitamin A, rather than each separately, provided a greater performance. Hot and chilled carcass weights and yields and the weights of internal organs with the exception of abdominal fat were greater for each supplement (p < 0.05) compared to the control group. Abdominal fat decreased (p < 0.05) upon dietary zinc and vitamin A supplementation. Supplemental treatments resulted in an increased total serum protein but decreased glucose, cholesterol, and MDA concentrations. The results of the study show that, separately or as a combination, zinc and vitamin A supplementation resulted in an improved live weight gain, feed efficiency, and carcass traits, as well as a decrease in serum MDA concentrations. The results of the present study also suggest that zinc and vitamin A have similar effects and that a combination of zinc and vitamin A may offer a potential protective management practice in preventing heat-stress-related depression in performance of broiler chickens.

Research paper thumbnail of The Effects of Chromium Picolinate and Chromium Histidinate Administration on NF-κB and Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway in the Brain of Diabetic Rats

Biological Trace Element Research, 2012

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of supplemental chromium picolina... more The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of supplemental chromium picolinate (CrPic) and chromium histidinate (CrHis) on nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB p65) and nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway in diabetic rat brain. Nondiabetic (n = 45) and diabetic (n = 45) male Wistar rats were either not supplemented or supplemented with CrPic or CrHis via drinking water to consume 8 μg elemental chromium (Cr) per day for 12 weeks. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin injection (40 mg/kg i.p., for 2 weeks) and maintained by high-fat feeding (40 %). Diabetes was associated with increases in cerebral NF-κB and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) protein adducts and decreased in cerebral nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells inhibitor, alpha (IκBα) and Nrf2 levels. Both Cr chelates were effective to decrease levels of NF-κB and 4-HNE protein adducts and to increase levels of IκBα and Nrf2 in the brain of diabetic rats. However, responses of these increases and decreases were more notable when Cr was supplemented as CrHis than as CrPic. In conclusion, Cr may play a protective role in cerebral antioxidant defense system in diabetic subjects via the Nrf2 pathway by reducing inflammation through NF-κB p65 inhibition. Histidinate form of Cr was superior to picolinate form of Cr in reducing NF-κB expression and increasing Nrf2 expression in the brain of diabetic rats.

Research paper thumbnail of Supplementation of zinc from organic or inorganic source improves performance and antioxidant status of heat-distressed quail

Poultry Science, 2005

Two sources of zinc [ZnSO4.H2O or ZnPicolinate (ZnPic)] supplementation were evaluated for their ... more Two sources of zinc [ZnSO4.H2O or ZnPicolinate (ZnPic)] supplementation were evaluated for their effects on performance, carcass weight, levels of malondialdehyde, and vitamins C, E, A in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix Japonica) exposed to high ambient temperature of 34 degrees C. The birds (n = 360; 10-d-old) were randomly assigned to 12 treatment groups consisting of 3 replicates of 10 birds each in a 2 x 2 x 3 factorial arrangement of treatments (temperatures, zinc sources, zinc levels). Birds were kept in wire cages in a temperature-controlled room at either 22 degrees C (thermoneutral) or 34 degrees C (heat stress) for 8 h/d (0900 to 1700 h) until the end of study, and fed a basal (control) diet or the basal diet supplemented with either 30 or 60 mg of Zn as ZnSO4 H2O or ZnPic/kg of diet. Heat exposure decreased (P = 0.001) live weight gain, feed intake, feed efficiency, and carcass weight when the basal diet was fed. A linear increase in feed intake (P = 0.01) and BW (P = 0.01), and improvement in feed efficiency (P = 0.01) and carcass weight (P &amp;amp;lt; or = 0.05) were found in zinc-supplemented quail reared under heat-stress conditions. Serum vitamin C (P = 0.04), E (P = 0.05), and cholesterol (P = 0.01) concentrations increased linearly, whereas malondialdehyde concentrations decreased linearly (P = 0.02) as dietary zinc sulfate and ZnPic supplementation increased. An interaction between dietary zinc sources, temperature, and levels of supplementation (P &amp;amp;lt; or = 0.05) for these parameters was detected. Serum vitamins C, E, and A concentrations were not different in supplemented birds reared at thermoneutral temperature. Supplementation with zinc improved carcass weight and antioxidant status of birds, and the effects of ZnPic were relatively greater than those of ZnSO4.H2O in heat-stressed quail. Results of the present study suggest that supplementation with ZnPic could be considered to be more protective than ZnSO4.H2O by reducing the negative effects of oxidative stress induced by heat stress in quail.

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of dietary resveratrol supplementation on egg production and antioxidant status

Research paper thumbnail of Dietary arginine silicate inositol complex improves bone mineralization in quail

Poultry Science, 2006

Skeletal abnormalities, low bone mass, bone deformities, and bone fractures increase the risk of ... more Skeletal abnormalities, low bone mass, bone deformities, and bone fractures increase the risk of osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, which are of concern from both a public standpoint and a cost-of-care burden standpoint. Arginine silicate inositol complex (ASI; Arg = 49.47%, silicone = 8.2%, inositol = 25%) is a novel, bioavailable source of Si and Arg and one that offers potential benefits for vascular and bone health. Skeletal abnormalities and architectural deterioration of bone tissue are common under hot climate conditions in the poultry industry. In this study, we evaluated the effects of ASI supplementation on performance and bone mineral density (BMD) in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) exposed to the high ambient temperature of 34°C. The birds (n = 180; 10 d old) were randomly assigned to 6 treatment groups consisting of 10 replicates of 3 birds. Birds were kept in wire cages in a temperature-controlled room at either 22°C (thermoneutral; TN) or 34°C (heat stress; HS) for 8 h/d (0900 to 1700 h until the end of study) and were fed a basal (control) diet or the basal diet supplemented with

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of vitamins E and A supplementation on lipid peroxidation and concentration of some mineral in broilers reared under heat stress (32°C)

Nutrition Research, 2002

A study utilizing Cobb-500 male broilers was conducted to evaluate the effects of vitamin E (dl-␣... more A study utilizing Cobb-500 male broilers was conducted to evaluate the effects of vitamin E (dl-␣-tocopheryl-acetate), vitamin A (retinol), and their combination on their serum and liver concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) (an indicator of lipid peroxidation), iron (Fe) zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and chromium (Cr) in broilers reared under heat stress (32°C). One day-old 120 broilers were randomly assigned to 4 treatment groups, 3 replicates of 10 birds each. The birds were fed either a control diet or a control diet supplemented with either vitamin A (15.000 IU retinol/kg diet), vitamin E (250 mg dl-␣-tocopheryl-acetate/kg diet), or a combination of vitamins A and E (15.000 IU retinol plus 250 mg dl-␣-tocopheryl-acetate/kg diet). Serum MDA levels were decreased in E, A and EϩA groups (1.3, 1.5, and 0.95 nmol/ml, respectively) compared with control (2.1 nmol/ml) (P Ͻ 0.05). Similarly, liver MDA levels were decreased in treatment groups (3.6, 3.9 and 2.9 nmol/g, respectively) compared with control group (5.4 nmol/g) (P Ͻ 0.05). Supplemental vitamins E and A increased serum and liver concentrations of Fe, Zn and Cr (P Ͻ 0.01). Serum and liver copper concentrations, however, decreased (P Ͻ 0.05) upon vitamins E and A supplementation. In general, when a significant effect was found for a parameter, the magnitude of the responses to vitamin supplements was greatest with the combination of the vitamin A and vitamin E, rather than that of each vitamin supplement separately. Results of the present study conclude that supplementing with a combination of dietary vitamins E and A offers a good management practice for alleviating metabolic changes caused by heat stress.

Research paper thumbnail of Orally Administered Lycopene Attenuates Diethylnitrosamine-Induced Hepatocarcinogenesis in Rats by Modulating Nrf-2/HO-1 and Akt/mTOR Pathways

Nutrition and Cancer, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of The Effects of Selenium Supplementation on the Spontaneously Occurring Fibroid Tumors of Oviduct, 8-Hydroxy-2′-Deoxyguanosine Levels, and Heat Shock Protein 70 Response in Japanese Quail

Nutrition and Cancer, 2010

Oxidative stress is known to be an important contributing factor in many chronic diseases. Sponta... more Oxidative stress is known to be an important contributing factor in many chronic diseases. Spontaneously occurring benign oviduct leiomyomas are common tumors of the Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica), which makes it a good animal model for screening potential agents for testing in the prevention and treatment of human myoma uteri. Since dietary intake of selenium has been associated with a reduced risk of a variety of human cancers, we investigated the effects of selenium supplementation on the development of leiomyomas in the Japanese quail. Potential mechanisms of action of selenium include its antioxidant properties and modulation of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70); therefore, we measured levels of 8-hydroxy-2&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), 8-isoprostane levels, and Hsp70 expression in tissue specimens obtained from the quails. One hundred and eighty quails (8 mo old) were assigned to 3 treatment groups consisting of 60 birds in each group. Birds were fed either a basal diet containing 0.048 mg Se per kg or the basal diet supplemented with 0.2 mg or 0.4 mg of selenium (Selenomax, yeast-bound l-selenomethionine, 60%) per kg of diet. The animals were sacrificed after 250 days, and the tumors were identified. Selenium supplementation did not affect the number of leiomyomas as compared to control subjects (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; 0.05). However, the tumors in selenium fed birds were smaller than those found in control birds (P = 0.01). Serum Se increased (P = 0.01), whereas MDA and 8-isoprostane, 8-OHdG concentrations decreased (P = 0.01) with selenium supplementation (P = 0.01). Selenium supplementation decreased Hsp70 in the tissue of birds. The results indicate that dietary supplementation with selenium reduces the size of spontaneously occurring leiomyoma of the oviduct in the Japanese quail.

Research paper thumbnail of A Tomato Lycopene Complex Protects the Kidney From Cisplatin-Induced Injury via Affecting Oxidative Stress as Well as Bax, Bcl-2, and HSPs Expression

Nutrition and Cancer, 2011

Research paper thumbnail of Chromium modulates expressions of neuronal plasticity markers and glial fibrillary acidic proteins in hypoglycemia-induced brain injury

Life Sciences, 2013

This experiment investigated if chromium (Cr) as Cr-histidinate (CrHis) and Cr29 picolinate (CrPi... more This experiment investigated if chromium (Cr) as Cr-histidinate (CrHis) and Cr29 picolinate (CrPic) have a protective role in rats with hypoglycemia-induced brain injury, assessed by neuronal plasticity and regeneration potential. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were prospectively divided into 2 groups: control and hypoglycemic (induced by insulin administration, 15U/kg, i.p., n=56). Hypoglycemic rats were then received randomly 1) none, 2) dextrose (on the day of sampling), 3) CrHis, or 4) CrPic. Cr-chelates were delivered via drinking water (providing 8μg elemental Cr per day) for one week prior to the hypoglycemia induction. The expressions of neuroplasticity markers [neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)], glucose transporters (GLUT), and nuclear transcription proteins [nuclear factor-kappa (NF-κB), nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), and 4-hydroxyl nonenal (HNE)] were determined using Western blot. Hypoglycemia caused increases in the expressions of GLUT-1, GLUT-3, GFAP, NF-κB and HNE and decreases in the expression of NCAM&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s, GAP-43 and Nrf2 in the hippocampus, cerebellum, and cortex. Cr-chelates suppressed expressions of GLUTs, GFAP, NF-κB and HNE expressions and enhanced expressions of NCAM, GAP-43 and Nrf2, which were more notable for CrHis than for CrPic. In conclusion, hypoglycemia leads to cerebral injury and Cr-chelates, particularly CrHis have protective and regeneration potential in cerebral tissues through modulating neuroplasticity markers and nuclear transcription proteins as well as facilitating glucose transporters.