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Research paper thumbnail of Temporal effects of human chorionic gonadotropin on expression of the circadian genes and steroidogenesis-related genes in human luteinized granulosa cells

Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology, Jan 5, 2017

It has been shown in animal models that circadian clock exists in corpora luteum which is essenti... more It has been shown in animal models that circadian clock exists in corpora luteum which is essential for maintaining pregnancy. However, it is unknown whether circadian clock exists in corpora luteum and its relation with steroidogenesis in human ovary. Human luteinized granulosa cells from patients who underwent in vitro fertilization treatment were purified and cultured in vitro. Accumulation patterns of circadian gene and steroidogenesis-related gene mRNAs in human luteinized granulosa cells were observed during the 48 hours after treatment with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) by quantitative PCR. We found that the circadian genes CLOCK, PER2, and BMAL1 were expressed in cultured human luteinized granulosa cells. Among these genes, only expression of PER2 displayed oscillating patterns with a 16-h period in these cells after stimulation by hCG. Expression of CLOCK and BMAL1 did not show significant oscillating patterns. Expression of the steroidal acute regulatory protein (STAR...

Research paper thumbnail of Pengembangan Bahan Ajar pada Materi Laju Reaksi Berorientasi Multipel Representasi Kimia

Laju reaksi merupakan konsep abstrak dengan contoh konkrit yang memerlukan penyelesaian level sub... more Laju reaksi merupakan konsep abstrak dengan contoh konkrit yang memerlukan penyelesaian level submikroskopik menggunakan teori tumbukan. Namun bahan ajar seringkali mengabaikan keterhubungan level makroskopik dan simbolik dengan level representasi submikroskopik. Penelitian Research and Development ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar yang memenuhi keterhubungan tiga level representasi pada materi laju reaksi. Penelitian dilakukan melalui tiga tahap: 1) studi pendahuluan 2) desain produk 3) validasi dan uji coba. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan suatu produk bahan ajar yang memiliki karakteristik penyajian materi dengan menghubungkan tiga level representasi kimia. Representasi maksroskopik disajikan melalui suatu fenomena di lingkungan yang dapat terlihat dan disertai dengan langkah-langkah percobaan yang mudah dilakukan. Representasi submikroskopik disajikan dalam bentuk teks, gambar dan video. Representasi simbolik disajikan dalam persamaan reaksi kimia dan perhitungan yan...

Research paper thumbnail of Temporal effects of human chorionic gonadotropin on expression of the circadian genes and steroidogenesis-related genes in human luteinized granulosa cells

Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology, Jan 5, 2017

It has been shown in animal models that circadian clock exists in corpora luteum which is essenti... more It has been shown in animal models that circadian clock exists in corpora luteum which is essential for maintaining pregnancy. However, it is unknown whether circadian clock exists in corpora luteum and its relation with steroidogenesis in human ovary. Human luteinized granulosa cells from patients who underwent in vitro fertilization treatment were purified and cultured in vitro. Accumulation patterns of circadian gene and steroidogenesis-related gene mRNAs in human luteinized granulosa cells were observed during the 48 hours after treatment with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) by quantitative PCR. We found that the circadian genes CLOCK, PER2, and BMAL1 were expressed in cultured human luteinized granulosa cells. Among these genes, only expression of PER2 displayed oscillating patterns with a 16-h period in these cells after stimulation by hCG. Expression of CLOCK and BMAL1 did not show significant oscillating patterns. Expression of the steroidal acute regulatory protein (STAR...

Research paper thumbnail of Pengembangan Bahan Ajar pada Materi Laju Reaksi Berorientasi Multipel Representasi Kimia

Laju reaksi merupakan konsep abstrak dengan contoh konkrit yang memerlukan penyelesaian level sub... more Laju reaksi merupakan konsep abstrak dengan contoh konkrit yang memerlukan penyelesaian level submikroskopik menggunakan teori tumbukan. Namun bahan ajar seringkali mengabaikan keterhubungan level makroskopik dan simbolik dengan level representasi submikroskopik. Penelitian Research and Development ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar yang memenuhi keterhubungan tiga level representasi pada materi laju reaksi. Penelitian dilakukan melalui tiga tahap: 1) studi pendahuluan 2) desain produk 3) validasi dan uji coba. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan suatu produk bahan ajar yang memiliki karakteristik penyajian materi dengan menghubungkan tiga level representasi kimia. Representasi maksroskopik disajikan melalui suatu fenomena di lingkungan yang dapat terlihat dan disertai dengan langkah-langkah percobaan yang mudah dilakukan. Representasi submikroskopik disajikan dalam bentuk teks, gambar dan video. Representasi simbolik disajikan dalam persamaan reaksi kimia dan perhitungan yan...

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