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Archives of Current Research International

Background: Achieving Universal Health Coverage is one of the prerequisites for improved health o... more Background: Achieving Universal Health Coverage is one of the prerequisites for improved health outcomes, a decline in the rate of Impoverishment due to health expenditure (IHE), and achieving Sustainable Development Goals 1,2, and 3. While some countries (primarily those in Sub-Saharan Africa) are still battling to achieve Health Coverage for their populations, Western countries have achieved this feat using several strategies and models. This study aims to identify Universal Health Coverage implementation strategies adopted by different countries and how the strategies have contributed to achieving the 2030 Sustainable Development Goal targets. Method: A systematic literature review was employed, and a total of 10 studies conducted met our inclusion criteria. The sensitive search strategy was employed. The search was conducted with the use of appropriate keywords (guided by the research objective) in different databases such as MEDLINE (EBSCO), CINAHL (EBSCO), ProQuest, AMED (EBSC...

Nigeria has a maternal mortality rate (MMR) of 512 deaths per 100,000 live births, an estimate wh... more Nigeria has a maternal mortality rate (MMR) of 512 deaths per 100,000 live births, an estimate which indicates that maternal deaths are responsible for about a third of all deaths among women of reproductive age. The regional distribution of neonatal deaths in Nigeria showed that the North East region had the highest neonatal deaths. This study provides insight into identified factors and their influence on maternal and neonatal mortalities. Targeted policy implementation will emerge from the analysis of these factors with the aim of reducing the mortalities which will invariably contribute to the reduction of the global maternal and newborn mortality indexMultiple linear regression analyses using secondary time series data from the district health information system (DHIS2) for the period 2012-2021. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were also used to examine a series of predictor variables to determine those that best predict the outcome variables. Statistical significance...

Background Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa, with a population growth rate of 2.53 ... more Background Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa, with a population growth rate of 2.53 percent, one of the highest contributors to the global maternal and newborn deaths burden. Family planning service utilization has remained low despite efforts by development partners and the government. Hence, the need to examine the utilization of family planning services in order to understand regional preferences, trends, patterns, and utilization associated factors such as accessibility and availability of the services to the populace. Methodology Critical analysis regarding the utilization of family planning in Nigeria was used with source data from NDHS 2003, 2008, 2013, and 2018 and DHIS2. The analysis focused on the utilization of family planning services and most utilized family planning options. Finding Contraceptive use among women of reproductive age is generally higher in the northern region than in the southern region. A five-year trend in the utilization of family plannin...

Journal of Gynecology & Reproductive Medicine, 2022

Background Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa, with a population growth rate of 2.53... more Background

Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa, with a population growth rate of 2.53 percent, one of the highest contributors to the global maternal and newborn deaths burden. Family planning service utilization has remained low despite efforts by development partners and the government. Hence, the need to examine the utilization of family planning services in order to understand regional preferences, trends, patterns, and utilization associated factors such as accessibility and availability of the services to the populace.

Methodology

Critical analysis regarding the utilization of family planning in Nigeria was used with source data from NDHS 2003, 2008, 2013, and 2018 and DHIS2. The analysis focused on the utilization of family planning services and
most utilized family planning options.

Finding

Contraceptive use among women of reproductive age is generally higher in the northern region than in the southern region. A five-year trend in the utilization of family planning services by women of reproductive age is
showed a slightly declining trend in the utilization of family planning services by women of reproductive age in the country. Injectables and implants were married women’s most utilized family planning options. As reported by health facilities, utilization of family planning services in 2021 showed that condoms and implants were the most utilized family planning options.

Conclusion

The findings urge the need to intensify sensitization among the rural populace on the benefits of family planning,
improve female literacy and empowerment, and make easily accessible family planning services and commodities.

International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 2021

Background: Childhood immunization contributes significantly in the reduction of cases of vaccine... more Background: Childhood immunization contributes significantly in the reduction of cases of vaccine preventable diseases in children. DHIS2 data showed that only 60.59% of children under one were fully immunized in 2020. This implies that 39.41% did not receive all recommended vaccinations therefore at risk of contracting vaccine preventable diseases. This study therefore examined the effect of full immunization coverage on incidence of vaccine preventable diseases.Methods: Full childhood immunization coverage and incidence of vaccine preventable disease was examined using simple linear regression model at 5% level of significance and 95% confidence interval. Measles new case for children under five was the dependent variable while children under one fully immunized was the independent variable. Data was retrieved from DHIS2 for the period 2017-2020.Results: The study showed a negative relationship between full immunization coverage and incidence of under-five measles new cases. The s...

International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health, 2020

Background/Aim: The world has witnessed several disease outbreaks both in the past and in recent ... more Background/Aim: The world has witnessed several disease outbreaks both in the past and in recent times. Apart from loss of lives as a result of such outbreaks, there are also disruptions in health care provision and utilization due to certain measures aimed at curtailing the spread of such outbreaks. This study aimed to seek evidence from existing literature on the effects of disease outbreaks on maternal, newborn and child health care in Global South. Methods: A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) was used and 14 literatures met the inclusion criteria. Results: HIV/AIDS pandemic affected the Maternal Newborn and Child Health since increased cases of anaemia, hospital admissions, still births in HIV positive pregnant and cases of foetal anaemia reported in infants born from HIV positive pregnant women were reported. No COVID-19 pandemic related-effects on MNCH observed since no maternal deaths and transmission from infected pregnant women to t...

Immunization is highly effective in preventing vaccine preventable diseases such as polio, measle... more Immunization is highly effective in preventing vaccine preventable diseases such as polio, measles, diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis which are responsible for a significant number of child mortality. Every year, approximately 1.5 million children under the age of five die as a result of these diseases globally. 1 In Nigeria, vaccine preventable diseases accounts for a significant percent of child mortality every year. According to ABSTRACT Background: Childhood immunization contributes significantly in the reduction of cases of vaccine preventable diseases in children. DHIS2 data showed that only 60.59% of children under one were fully immunized in 2020. This implies that 39.41% did not receive all recommended vaccinations therefore at risk of contracting vaccine preventable diseases. This study therefore examined the effect of full immunization coverage on incidence of vaccine preventable diseases. Methods: Full childhood immunization coverage and incidence of vaccine preventable disease was examined using simple linear regression model at 5% level of significance and 95% confidence interval. Measles new case for children under five was the dependent variable while children under one fully immunized was the independent variable. Data was retrieved from DHIS2 for the period 2017-2020. Results: The study showed a negative relationship between full immunization coverage and incidence of under-five measles new cases. The study found that any unit increase in full immunization coverage would lead to decrease in measles cases by 6%. Conclusions: Full immunization coverage is still low (below WHO target of 80%) despite effort by government and partners. This implies that a lot of children are at risk of contracting vaccine preventable diseases. In order to avert this risk, health authorities and partners should devise appropriate means of educating the populace on the importance of childhood immunization.

International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE& Health, 2020

International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health , 2020

Background & Aim: Maternal mortality ratio for sub-Saharan Africa in 2010 was estimated to be abo... more Background & Aim: Maternal mortality ratio for sub-Saharan Africa in 2010 was estimated to be about 600 per 100,000 live births, which is approximately higher than what is obtainable in advanced countries. To this end, several community-based interventions have been put in place by governments and developmental partners in the region to address the situation. This review aimed to seek evidence from existing literature on the level of effectiveness of these interventions in improving maternal health outcomes in the region. The literature search process resulted in retrieval of six full text studies that were written in English, published between 2000 and 2019 and were focused on intervention based at the community level which resulted in the reduction of maternal deaths in some sub-Saharan African countries. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) tool was used to critically review retrieved literature. Findings: Findings from the articles reviewed show that community based interventions with direct reduction on maternal mortality were implemented in Ethiopia and Nigeria and were effective since Review Article Orjingene and Morgan; IJTDH, 41(9): 9-21, 2020; Article no.IJTDH.58685 10 maternal mortality declined by 64% and 43.5% respectively. Other community based interventions did not directly address reduction in maternal mortality but rather addressed leading causes of maternal mortality such as home and unskilled birth attendance, low AnteNatal Care (ANC) & Post-Natal Care (PNC) services utilization, Eclampsia, delay in accessing care and Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH). Such interventions were implemented in Nigeria, Zambia, Tanzania and the Democratic Republic of Congo and were proved to be effective in reducing maternal mortality. Conclusions and Recommendations: Based on the literatures reviewed, it was concluded that community based interventions were effective in reducing maternal mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa. The following recommendations were made based on gaps observed in the implementation of some interventions. Introduction of emergency transport scheme in countries where they do not exist as despite the existence of maternity waiting homes and dedicated maternity ambulances in Zambia, many expectant mothers still had difficulty reaching the health facilities in time to deliver, Engagement and training of more health workers so as to avoid human resources challenges that may be associated with increased demand for health facility deliveries.