OSMAN ZİHNİ ZAİM - Profile on Academia.edu (original) (raw)

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Papers by OSMAN ZİHNİ ZAİM

Development strategy and bias in technological change

Global economy quarterly, 2000

Türkiye Eğilimleri 2019

25 Kasım – 13 Aralık 2019 tarihleri arasında 26 ilde 1000 kişi ile yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi ile g... more 25 Kasım – 13 Aralık 2019 tarihleri arasında 26 ilde 1000 kişi ile yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi ile gerçekleştirilen araştırmanın sonuçları.

Turkey Trends 2019

Quantitative research results with 1000 face to face interviews in 26 cities across Turkey.

Social and Political Trends in Turkey - 2018

Türkiye Sosyal Siyasal Eğilimler Araştırması-2018

Turkey and Central and Eastern European Countries in Transition, 2001

This chapter presents a comparative study of public finance issues in the Central and Eastern Eur... more This chapter presents a comparative study of public finance issues in the Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries, the Baltic countries and Turkey. Section 4.1 considers fiscal policy and economic restructuring. Section 4.2 looks at tax reform and Section 4.3 analyses expenditure reform. Privatisation is discussed in Section 4.4, and problems related to social safety nets and social security are discussed in Section 4.5. The last section presents some conclusions. In socialist economies resource allocation was regulated by a central plan. The planners' task was to determine optimal resource allocation by balancing supply and demand at both the microeconomic and the macroeconomic level. The counterpart of the plan consisted of the state budget, the credit plan, the cash plan and the foreign exchange plan. Given the administratively set prices and quantities, the financial plan was essentially an accounting exercise. In socialist countries public finance was entirely passive and subordinate to economic plans. In those economies government actions, as emphasised by , were aimed at implementing a development strategy focused on rapid industrialisation and rapid economic growth, the generous provision of public goods and achieving social equity through a comprehensive system of social security and welfare provision. Since all pricing and production decisions were made by the state, taxes had a neutral effect on the allocation of resources. The budget was under the control of the government and fiscal balance could be ensured by changing taxes. Public finance in market economies can be summarised under the following headings: (1) allocation, (2) distribution and (3) stabilisation. The first involves the allocation of resources between private and public goods, as well as choosing the desired mix of public goods. The second is related to attaining a more fair income distribution than is the case when market forces are unconstrained. Finally, stabilisation requires the government to help the economy to promote growth and employment and control inflation.

JUSTIFICACIÓN DE LOS BADS EN LA MEDICIÓN DEL CRECIMIENTO EN LA PRODUCTIVIDAD: La Medición de los Costos de Productividad Malmquist y sus Aplicaciones en a la Agricultura de los Estados Unidos

A Framework for Incorporating Environmental Indicators in the Measurement of Human Well-Being

Inequality, Poverty and Well-being, 2006

Accounting for Bads in the Measurement of Productivity Growth: A Cost Indirect Malmquist Productivity Measure and it Application to U.S. Agriculture

This paper starts with the basic premise that the conventional measures of productivity growth, w... more This paper starts with the basic premise that the conventional measures of productivity growth, which ignore joint production of good and bad outputs, are biased. We then construct an alternative productivity growth measure using activity analysis. An application to U.S. agriculture demonstrates its usefulness. More specifically, we show that the Tornqvist index of productivity is biased upward when production of undesirable outputs or "bads" is increasing. Conversely, this same measure of productivity is biased downward when externalities in production are decreasing.

The sources of productivity growth in the agricultural sector of Pakistan

Journal of quantitative economics, 2000

Energy Efficiency, 2017

In multilateral comparisons of environmental performance over time, energy intensity measures, es... more In multilateral comparisons of environmental performance over time, energy intensity measures, especially Breal^energy intensity computed either by index decomposition approach or structural decomposition approach, are the most commonly used measures. Recently, researchers also resort to productiontheoretical approach, which relies on data envelopment analysis techniques, to decompose energy intensity changes over time into their subcomponents. While their intuitiveness and computational ease make these indices attractive, their time series properties create considerable challenges in performing informative and fair comparisons among the energy efficiency levels of units considered. Furthermore, the resultant measure of energy intensity in these studies is still the inverse of a partial factor productivity (PFP) measure, i.e., energy productivity, that does not take into consideration compositional differences between inputs of the units being compared (which are also subject to change over time) and that ignores the type of substitution among inputs and, hence, makes it a measure that disguises rather than illuminates. The theoretical part of this paper shows how one can overcome the shortcomings of the energy intensity measure by constructing a new energy index using directional technology distance functions. The new index constructed in this study not only overcomes the shortcomings of the energy intensity measures but also satisfies the axiomatic properties of index numbers that are laid down by Fisher. An empirical application on U.S state-level agricultural sectors further complements existing studies.

European Journal of Operational Research, 2017

Mali Liberalizasyon ve Bankacilik Sekt�r�nde Etkinlik

Iktisat Islet Finans, 1993

A Framework for Incorporating Envirionmental Indicators to the Measurement of Human Well-Being

The Public Enterprise Sectorin Turkey : It's Relative Performance and Productivity Growth, 1974-1991

Studies in Productivity and Efficiency, 2005

This study proposes a useful alternative to the "aggregate deprivation index" which is used to me... more This study proposes a useful alternative to the "aggregate deprivation index" which is used to measure the well-beings of individuals in different countries or geographic locations. Furthermore, we also propose an improvement index which alleviates well known difficulties associated with overtime comparisons of "aggregate deprivation index". While deriving our indexes, we pursued an economic approach to index numbers theory and relied on the assumptions of optimizing behavior. The proposed achievement index has its roots in the theory of quantity indexes whose axiomatic properties are well established. The roots of our improvement index on the other hand, is well grounded in the productivity growth literature. The study also provides a numerical example.

Mali Liberalizasyon ve Bankacılık Sektöründe Etkinlik

İktisat İşletme ve Finans, 1993

Environmental & Resource Economics - ENVIRON RESOUR ECON, 2000

The role of the environment is an important issue in policy making andthe accurate assessment of ... more The role of the environment is an important issue in policy making andthe accurate assessment of the environmental conditions is vital. Inthis paper, using nonparametric techniques, an environmental efficiencyindex is developed for each of the OECD countries. These indexes allowone both to do cross section comparisons on the state of each country'sproduction process in its treatment of undesirable outputs and also totrace each country's modification of their production processesovertime. Furthermore in this study we investigate the factorsunderlying societies' environmental concerns that eventually lead tochanges in the environmental efficiency. The results provide furtherempirical evidence for the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis.