Okky Dharmaputra - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Okky Dharmaputra
A survey on postharvest handling and technology processing of coffee beans at farmer, trader and ... more A survey on postharvest handling and technology processing of coffee beans at farmer, trader and exporter levels was conducted in West Lampung and Tanggamus regencies of Lampung province during harvest time (July 1998). Interviews and sampling of coffee beans were carried out during the survey. The number of respondents at farmer, trader and exporter levels was 22, 20 and 4, respectively, while the number of samples collected from each level was 20. All samples were analyzed for moisture content, physical quality, insect and fungal infestation, reducing sugar content, and coffee cupping. The results of the interviews indicated that postharvest handling and technology processing became better from farmers to exporters. Moisture contents of coffee beans collected from farmers and traders were higher than the tolerable limit recommended by SNI (13%). Physical quality of coffee beans collected from exporters was higher than that collected from farmers and traders. Insects were found on ...
Biotropia: The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology, 1997
The effects of milling degree and type of bag on fungal infection of stored milled rice were inve... more The effects of milling degree and type of bag on fungal infection of stored milled rice were investigated together with some chemical contents (glucose, amylose, protein and total lipid contents), and changes in moisture content. Rice var. IR 64 with different milling degrees (85, 90, 95 and 100%) packed in jute and polypropylene bags (1 kg of milled rice/bag) were stored under laboratory conditions with temperature between 24.3-27.3 C and relative humidity 52.6-81.9% for 3 months. The initial moisture content (m.c.) of milled rice was ± 14%. Three replications (3 bags) were used for each treatment. Each bag was put individually and was arranged randomly on a wooden pallet. The results showed that in general, the increase of milling degree and duration of storage decreased the m.c. Type of bag did not give significant differences on the m.c. Twenty eight fungal species were isolated from rice with different milling degree and bag type during storage. The predominant species was Aspe...
Biotropia: The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology, 2002
Aflatoxin is a human carcinogen that could contaminate food- and feedstuffs, and hence is a major... more Aflatoxin is a human carcinogen that could contaminate food- and feedstuffs, and hence is a major food qua lity problem throughout the world. Afiatoxi n is produced by certain strains of AspergillusJlavus and //. parasiticus. A number of studies have been carried out in Indonesia on atlatoxin contamination in Indonesian food- and feedstuffs and their products from 1990 up to present. They were maize, maize product, peanuts, soybean and soybean meal, black and white pepper, feed ingredients; chicken and duck feeds. Samples were collected from farmers, traders (middlemen), retailers (markets), supermarkets, exporters; poultry and duck community-based farms; and feed mi ll industries. High levels of aflatoxins were often found in maize, peanuts, chicken feed derived from markets, and duck feed. Low levels of aflatoxins were found in soybean meal and chicken feedstuff. Aflatoxins were not detected in soybean, black and white pepper. Other studies have also been carried out on the effect...
Biotropia: The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology, 1990
Four fungal isolates from soils obtained from three sites of the oil palm plantations in North Su... more Four fungal isolates from soils obtained from three sites of the oil palm plantations in North Sumatra were found antagonistic to Ganoderma boninense, the causal agent of basal stem rot of oil palm. Penicillium citrinum inhibited the growth of the pathogen and formed a zone of inhibition on the agar media. Trichoderma harzianum BIO - 1 as well as BIO - 2 and T. viride not only repressed the growth of the pathogen but also caused lysis of the hyphae, and the colony was totally overgrown by the antagonists.
Biotropia: The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology, 1999
The study on the integrated use of the chevroned water hyacinth weevil (Neochetina bruchi Mustach... more The study on the integrated use of the chevroned water hyacinth weevil (Neochetina bruchi Mustache) and the water hyacinth blight disease (Alternaria eichhorniae Nag Raj & Ponnappa) in s uppressing water hyacinth growth was carried out under field conditions at Situ Bagendit lake, Garut, West Java. The objectives of this study were (I) to inve stigate whether the combined use of the two control agents produced a better effect in suppressing water hyacinth growth, (ii) to evaluate whether there is a change in oviposition and feeding habit of the chevroned water hyacinth weevil if the water hyacinth is seriously infected by A. eichhorniae, and (iii) to evaluate the progress of weevil establishment in the field. The following results were obtained: (1) The concentration of Tween 80 which did not interfere with spore germination was 3%. (2) There was no difference between distilled water and 1% Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) as a medium for fungal spores production. (3) The combined use of...
Biotropia: The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology, 1999
Surveys on postharvest handling and technology processing of cocoa beans at farmer, trader and ex... more Surveys on postharvest handling and technology processing of cocoa beans at farmer, trader and exporter levels in South Sulawesi were conducted together with investigations on moisture content, pest infestation (insect and mould) and quality characteris tics in terms of reducing sugar, free amino acid and free fatty acid content. Surveys were conducted during dry (July 1997) and wet seasons (February 1998) in three regencies (Pinrang, Polewali-Mamasa and Luwu) and Ujung Pandang, South Sulawesi province. Interviews were carried out during surveys in the dry season. Number of respondents from farmers, trailers and exporters was 38, 15 and 5, respectively. In each season, number of samples taken from farmers, traders and exporters was 9, 21 and 15, respectively. In general, farmers, traders and exporters did not carry out postharvest handling and technology processing properly. Moisture content of cocoa beans collected from farmers, traders and exporters were higher than the tolerabl e...
Biotropia: The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology, 1994
The possibility of controlling S. rolfsii on soybean (Glycine max) var. Rinjani using T. aureovir... more The possibility of controlling S. rolfsii on soybean (Glycine max) var. Rinjani using T. aureoviride and Tebuconazole under field conditions was studied. The experiment was conducted at the experimental plot of SEAMEO BIOTROP. The pathogen was mixed with the soil (2 kg/plot) 4 days before the inoculation of the antagonist (2.25 kg/plot). The measurement of each plot was 2.5 x 6 m2. N, P and K (120 kg/ha) were applied at the same day with the inoculation of the pathogen. Soybean seeds were planted 7 days after the inoculation of the antagonist. The distance between plants and between plots were 20 and 40 cm, respectively. The fungicide at concentration of 100 g/ha (in vitro concentration) and 210 g/ha (field or recommended concentration) were applied using 2 methods, i.e. 1) spraying on the planting hole at the same day as the planting of soybean seeds, and 2) spraying on the soil surrounding the plants 7 days after planting. Soils that were neither inoculated with the antagonist nor...
Among the various raw and processed peanuts collected from different points of the delivery chain... more Among the various raw and processed peanuts collected from different points of the delivery chain (farmer, penebas, collector, processor and retailer) in Pati Regency, Central Java, the highest Aspergillus flavus infection and aflatoxin contamination were found in raw kernels of peanuts collected from retailers in traditional markets. Postharvest handling methods prior to peanuts being delivered to retailers and especially at the retailer level in traditional markets severely impact on the level of aflatoxin contamination in the Indonesian food chain. Some potential initiatives to minimise aflatoxin contamination, both at the pre and postharvest stages, are discussed in this paper. Critical to the further development of this work is a concentrated effort to monitor postharvest handling methods carried out by farmers, collectors and retailers in traditional markets and identify the critical control points for potential changes needed in their procedures. Aflatoxin is a human carcinog...
Agritech
The aim of this investigation was to determine the effect of various water activities (aw) on fun... more The aim of this investigation was to determine the effect of various water activities (aw) on fungal population in nutmeg kernels during storage. The seed nutmegs were obtained from ripe fruits one week after they fell on the ground in North Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The kernels (moisture content ± 10%) were stored 0, 15, and 30 days in various aw (0.75, 0.80, 0.83, 0.90, 0.97) using saturated salt solutions at 29 °C in sorption containers. Serial dilution method followed by a pour-plate method in Dichloran 18% Glycerol Agar (DG18) was used to isolate and quantify the fungal population. Results revealed that kernels stored at aw = 0.75 was not significantly (p < 0.05) different from at aw = 0.80-0.83. Fungal population of kernels determined aw and significantly (p < 0.05) influenced by duration of storage. Range of aw 0.80-0.83 has a smaller total fungal population than aw ≥ 0.90. Thirteen different genera/species were isolated and identified inclu...
Maize vanety CPI-2 with mitral moisture content (rn, c. ) of ± 14% was stored in two types of bag... more Maize vanety CPI-2 with mitral moisture content (rn, c. ) of ± 14% was stored in two types of bags (40 kglbag) , namely, Jute bag (JB) and polypropylene bag (PB) and then laid on the wooden pallet for 130 days Phosphme fumigation was carried out for 5 days at the begmnmg of storage and 95 days after storage Samples (treated WIth phosphme and untreated one) were taken Just before and Immediately after fumigation, and thereafter every 30 days for a penod of 130 days. Insects were separated from the maize usmg graded sieves Asper[ftllus flavus was Isolated using dilution method on Asper[ftllus flavus and Parasiticus Agar (AFPA ). The aflatoxm and moisture contents were determmed using Thm Layer Chromatography (TLC) and oven methods respectively. The results showed that m. c. and population of A flavus were fluctuated during storage and almost SImilaramongst all of the treatments. Number of damaged kernels and total aflatoxm B1 content mcreased during storage. Five species of msects wer...
... Okky S. ~ harma ~ utra &quot; ~ &#x27; dan Asrnarina SR Putri&#x27;) ... more ... Okky S. ~ harma ~ utra &quot; ~ &#x27; dan Asrnarina SR Putri&#x27;) &quot; SEAMEO BIOTROP, PO Box 1 16, Bogor, Indonesia &quot; Jurusan Biologi, FMIPA-IPB ... the highest percentage of inhibition was observed on A. niger followed by A. flavtds, A. candidus, E. chevalieri, A. tamarii and P. citrinum. ...
... OKKY SETYAWAT1 DHARMAPUTRA Jurusan Biologi FMIPA IPB, Jalan Raya Pajajaran, Bogor 16144 dun S... more ... OKKY SETYAWAT1 DHARMAPUTRA Jurusan Biologi FMIPA IPB, Jalan Raya Pajajaran, Bogor 16144 dun SEAMEO Bwtrop, Kotak ... Cladosporium cladosporioides, Endomyces Jibuliger, Eumiium chevalieri, E. mpens, Mucor circinelloides, Penicillium citrinum and P. herquei. ...
Eleven dominant mesophilie fungal species Aspergi//usflavus, .4. furnigatus, Coprinus cinereus, C... more Eleven dominant mesophilie fungal species Aspergi//usflavus, .4. furnigatus, Coprinus cinereus, C paoulardii, Fusarium chiansydosporuni, K semiteclunr, Fusariunt sp., Gliocladiuni penicilloides, Mekinopsamn.a pom4forntis, Penkilliurn citrinuni and Triciwdennaaureoviridewhich contaminated the beds of rice straw mushroom Vos'variella volvacea have been isolated using dilution method on Potato Dextrose Agar FDA medium. Interaction studies among the mesophilie fungi and the rice straw mushroom were carried out using the direct opposition method on FDA medium. The resultsshowed that the mesophilic fungi were antagonistic to the rice straw mushroom. Visual examination under the microscopeshowed that the hyphae of the straw rice mushroom were winded around, lvsed and swelled. Keyword: antagonist, mesophylic fungi, Volvariellavolvacea Jamur merang Volvarie/la volvacea Bull. cx Fr. Sing. dapat tumbuh pada berbagai linibah pertanian, di antaranya limbab kapas. Walaupun pada budi daya jamu...
The objective of this study was to investigate the physical quality, Aspergillus flavus populatio... more The objective of this study was to investigate the physical quality, Aspergillus flavus population and aflatoxin B 1 content of raw peanut kernels collected from retailers in two traditional markets (pasar Anyar and pasar Bogor) in the city of Bogor in August 2009. The number of samples collected from pasar Anyar and pasar Bogor was 14 and 12, respectively. Physical quality of kernels was determined based on the percentage of intact, shriveled and damaged kernels. Damaged kernels consisted of broken and damaged kernels caused by insect or fungal attack. Aspergillus flavus population was determined using serial dilution method followed by pour plating method on aspergillus flavus and parasiticus agar. Aflatoxin B 1 content was determined using thin layer chromatography method. The results showed, that the mean of percentage of intact, shriveled and damaged kernels of peanuts collected from pasar Anyar was 70.6, 12.3 and 17.1%, respectively; while that of collected from pasar Bogor wa...
Tribolium castaneum is an important insect pest of stored milled rice in Indonesia. The effect of... more Tribolium castaneum is an important insect pest of stored milled rice in Indonesia. The effect of T. castaneum on fungal infection of stored milled rice was investigated together with moisture content and weight loss. Milled rice were placed in glass jars (250 g/jar) and infested with 5, 10, and 20 pairs of T. castaneum . As control, the jars contained only milled rice. Three replications were made for each treatment (including the control). The jars were stored in storage room for 1, 2, and 3 months. Moisture contents (based on wet weight) of milled rice were determined using the oven method. Fungi were isolated and enumerated using dilution plating, followed by pour plate method on Dichloran 18% Glycerol Agar (DG18). Weight loss (based on dry weight) was determined after 3 months of storage.The results showed, that the population of adult T. castaneum increased with the increase in the number of pairs of infested T. castaneum and storage duration. The moisture contents of milled r...
Atom Indonesia
A study on the effectiveness of gamma irradiation at doses of 5 and 10 kGy on fungal population, ... more A study on the effectiveness of gamma irradiation at doses of 5 and 10 kGy on fungal population, Aspergillus flavus strains, and aflatoxin B1 contamination on stored nutmeg kernels was conducted. The kernels were collected from seeds in a period of one week from the ground at North Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. Dried shelled kernels with ± 10 % moisture content, packed in polyethylene bags at 2.1 kg/bag, were irradiated at 5 and 10 kGy and stored at ambient temperature (28 °C) for 2 and 4 months. Kernel moisture content, fungal population, and aflatoxin B1 were determined before and after irradiation, and after 2 and 4 months of storage. Results showed that fungal population was reduced with the increasing irradiation dose. Five species of fungi were isolated, i.e., Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Eurotium chevalieri, and Penicillium citrinum. A total of twelve A. flavus strains were isolated, five strains from unirradiated kernels and five and two strains from irradiated kernels at doses 5 and 10 kGy, respectively. Among these strains, 58 % were capable of producing L sclerotia and 25 % were identified as toxigenic. Kernel moisture during storage was 7.3 % and no aflatoxin B1 was detected before and after irradiation, and after 2 and 4 months of storage duration.
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia
Diversity of Postharvest Fungi on Shallot Bulbs Variety Bima BrebesIn Indonesia, shallot (Allium ... more Diversity of Postharvest Fungi on Shallot Bulbs Variety Bima BrebesIn Indonesia, shallot (Allium ascalonicum) is horticultural main commodity after hot pepper. Significant yield losses can be caused by postharvest fungi infection. Research on the diversity of postharvest fungi on shallot bulbs has been conducted in some countries, unfortunately little is done in Indonesia. The study was aimed to obtain information on the diversity of postharvest fungi infecting shallot bulbs variety Bima Brebes from several traditional markets in Bogor City. Shallot bulbs were collected in January and February 2016. The study consisted of fungal isolation from shallot bulbs, fungal pathogenicity test, and identification of pathogenic fungi based on morphological and molecular characteristics. Morphology identification was based on the color of fungal colony, growth pattern, as well as somatic and reproduction structures. Several species of pathogenic fungi were successfully identified from shallot b...
A survey on postharvest handling and technology processing of coffee beans at farmer, trader and ... more A survey on postharvest handling and technology processing of coffee beans at farmer, trader and exporter levels was conducted in West Lampung and Tanggamus regencies of Lampung province during harvest time (July 1998). Interviews and sampling of coffee beans were carried out during the survey. The number of respondents at farmer, trader and exporter levels was 22, 20 and 4, respectively, while the number of samples collected from each level was 20. All samples were analyzed for moisture content, physical quality, insect and fungal infestation, reducing sugar content, and coffee cupping. The results of the interviews indicated that postharvest handling and technology processing became better from farmers to exporters. Moisture contents of coffee beans collected from farmers and traders were higher than the tolerable limit recommended by SNI (13%). Physical quality of coffee beans collected from exporters was higher than that collected from farmers and traders. Insects were found on ...
Biotropia: The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology, 1997
The effects of milling degree and type of bag on fungal infection of stored milled rice were inve... more The effects of milling degree and type of bag on fungal infection of stored milled rice were investigated together with some chemical contents (glucose, amylose, protein and total lipid contents), and changes in moisture content. Rice var. IR 64 with different milling degrees (85, 90, 95 and 100%) packed in jute and polypropylene bags (1 kg of milled rice/bag) were stored under laboratory conditions with temperature between 24.3-27.3 C and relative humidity 52.6-81.9% for 3 months. The initial moisture content (m.c.) of milled rice was ± 14%. Three replications (3 bags) were used for each treatment. Each bag was put individually and was arranged randomly on a wooden pallet. The results showed that in general, the increase of milling degree and duration of storage decreased the m.c. Type of bag did not give significant differences on the m.c. Twenty eight fungal species were isolated from rice with different milling degree and bag type during storage. The predominant species was Aspe...
Biotropia: The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology, 2002
Aflatoxin is a human carcinogen that could contaminate food- and feedstuffs, and hence is a major... more Aflatoxin is a human carcinogen that could contaminate food- and feedstuffs, and hence is a major food qua lity problem throughout the world. Afiatoxi n is produced by certain strains of AspergillusJlavus and //. parasiticus. A number of studies have been carried out in Indonesia on atlatoxin contamination in Indonesian food- and feedstuffs and their products from 1990 up to present. They were maize, maize product, peanuts, soybean and soybean meal, black and white pepper, feed ingredients; chicken and duck feeds. Samples were collected from farmers, traders (middlemen), retailers (markets), supermarkets, exporters; poultry and duck community-based farms; and feed mi ll industries. High levels of aflatoxins were often found in maize, peanuts, chicken feed derived from markets, and duck feed. Low levels of aflatoxins were found in soybean meal and chicken feedstuff. Aflatoxins were not detected in soybean, black and white pepper. Other studies have also been carried out on the effect...
Biotropia: The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology, 1990
Four fungal isolates from soils obtained from three sites of the oil palm plantations in North Su... more Four fungal isolates from soils obtained from three sites of the oil palm plantations in North Sumatra were found antagonistic to Ganoderma boninense, the causal agent of basal stem rot of oil palm. Penicillium citrinum inhibited the growth of the pathogen and formed a zone of inhibition on the agar media. Trichoderma harzianum BIO - 1 as well as BIO - 2 and T. viride not only repressed the growth of the pathogen but also caused lysis of the hyphae, and the colony was totally overgrown by the antagonists.
Biotropia: The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology, 1999
The study on the integrated use of the chevroned water hyacinth weevil (Neochetina bruchi Mustach... more The study on the integrated use of the chevroned water hyacinth weevil (Neochetina bruchi Mustache) and the water hyacinth blight disease (Alternaria eichhorniae Nag Raj & Ponnappa) in s uppressing water hyacinth growth was carried out under field conditions at Situ Bagendit lake, Garut, West Java. The objectives of this study were (I) to inve stigate whether the combined use of the two control agents produced a better effect in suppressing water hyacinth growth, (ii) to evaluate whether there is a change in oviposition and feeding habit of the chevroned water hyacinth weevil if the water hyacinth is seriously infected by A. eichhorniae, and (iii) to evaluate the progress of weevil establishment in the field. The following results were obtained: (1) The concentration of Tween 80 which did not interfere with spore germination was 3%. (2) There was no difference between distilled water and 1% Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) as a medium for fungal spores production. (3) The combined use of...
Biotropia: The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology, 1999
Surveys on postharvest handling and technology processing of cocoa beans at farmer, trader and ex... more Surveys on postharvest handling and technology processing of cocoa beans at farmer, trader and exporter levels in South Sulawesi were conducted together with investigations on moisture content, pest infestation (insect and mould) and quality characteris tics in terms of reducing sugar, free amino acid and free fatty acid content. Surveys were conducted during dry (July 1997) and wet seasons (February 1998) in three regencies (Pinrang, Polewali-Mamasa and Luwu) and Ujung Pandang, South Sulawesi province. Interviews were carried out during surveys in the dry season. Number of respondents from farmers, trailers and exporters was 38, 15 and 5, respectively. In each season, number of samples taken from farmers, traders and exporters was 9, 21 and 15, respectively. In general, farmers, traders and exporters did not carry out postharvest handling and technology processing properly. Moisture content of cocoa beans collected from farmers, traders and exporters were higher than the tolerabl e...
Biotropia: The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology, 1994
The possibility of controlling S. rolfsii on soybean (Glycine max) var. Rinjani using T. aureovir... more The possibility of controlling S. rolfsii on soybean (Glycine max) var. Rinjani using T. aureoviride and Tebuconazole under field conditions was studied. The experiment was conducted at the experimental plot of SEAMEO BIOTROP. The pathogen was mixed with the soil (2 kg/plot) 4 days before the inoculation of the antagonist (2.25 kg/plot). The measurement of each plot was 2.5 x 6 m2. N, P and K (120 kg/ha) were applied at the same day with the inoculation of the pathogen. Soybean seeds were planted 7 days after the inoculation of the antagonist. The distance between plants and between plots were 20 and 40 cm, respectively. The fungicide at concentration of 100 g/ha (in vitro concentration) and 210 g/ha (field or recommended concentration) were applied using 2 methods, i.e. 1) spraying on the planting hole at the same day as the planting of soybean seeds, and 2) spraying on the soil surrounding the plants 7 days after planting. Soils that were neither inoculated with the antagonist nor...
Among the various raw and processed peanuts collected from different points of the delivery chain... more Among the various raw and processed peanuts collected from different points of the delivery chain (farmer, penebas, collector, processor and retailer) in Pati Regency, Central Java, the highest Aspergillus flavus infection and aflatoxin contamination were found in raw kernels of peanuts collected from retailers in traditional markets. Postharvest handling methods prior to peanuts being delivered to retailers and especially at the retailer level in traditional markets severely impact on the level of aflatoxin contamination in the Indonesian food chain. Some potential initiatives to minimise aflatoxin contamination, both at the pre and postharvest stages, are discussed in this paper. Critical to the further development of this work is a concentrated effort to monitor postharvest handling methods carried out by farmers, collectors and retailers in traditional markets and identify the critical control points for potential changes needed in their procedures. Aflatoxin is a human carcinog...
Agritech
The aim of this investigation was to determine the effect of various water activities (aw) on fun... more The aim of this investigation was to determine the effect of various water activities (aw) on fungal population in nutmeg kernels during storage. The seed nutmegs were obtained from ripe fruits one week after they fell on the ground in North Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The kernels (moisture content ± 10%) were stored 0, 15, and 30 days in various aw (0.75, 0.80, 0.83, 0.90, 0.97) using saturated salt solutions at 29 °C in sorption containers. Serial dilution method followed by a pour-plate method in Dichloran 18% Glycerol Agar (DG18) was used to isolate and quantify the fungal population. Results revealed that kernels stored at aw = 0.75 was not significantly (p < 0.05) different from at aw = 0.80-0.83. Fungal population of kernels determined aw and significantly (p < 0.05) influenced by duration of storage. Range of aw 0.80-0.83 has a smaller total fungal population than aw ≥ 0.90. Thirteen different genera/species were isolated and identified inclu...
Maize vanety CPI-2 with mitral moisture content (rn, c. ) of ± 14% was stored in two types of bag... more Maize vanety CPI-2 with mitral moisture content (rn, c. ) of ± 14% was stored in two types of bags (40 kglbag) , namely, Jute bag (JB) and polypropylene bag (PB) and then laid on the wooden pallet for 130 days Phosphme fumigation was carried out for 5 days at the begmnmg of storage and 95 days after storage Samples (treated WIth phosphme and untreated one) were taken Just before and Immediately after fumigation, and thereafter every 30 days for a penod of 130 days. Insects were separated from the maize usmg graded sieves Asper[ftllus flavus was Isolated using dilution method on Asper[ftllus flavus and Parasiticus Agar (AFPA ). The aflatoxm and moisture contents were determmed using Thm Layer Chromatography (TLC) and oven methods respectively. The results showed that m. c. and population of A flavus were fluctuated during storage and almost SImilaramongst all of the treatments. Number of damaged kernels and total aflatoxm B1 content mcreased during storage. Five species of msects wer...
... Okky S. ~ harma ~ utra &quot; ~ &#x27; dan Asrnarina SR Putri&#x27;) ... more ... Okky S. ~ harma ~ utra &quot; ~ &#x27; dan Asrnarina SR Putri&#x27;) &quot; SEAMEO BIOTROP, PO Box 1 16, Bogor, Indonesia &quot; Jurusan Biologi, FMIPA-IPB ... the highest percentage of inhibition was observed on A. niger followed by A. flavtds, A. candidus, E. chevalieri, A. tamarii and P. citrinum. ...
... OKKY SETYAWAT1 DHARMAPUTRA Jurusan Biologi FMIPA IPB, Jalan Raya Pajajaran, Bogor 16144 dun S... more ... OKKY SETYAWAT1 DHARMAPUTRA Jurusan Biologi FMIPA IPB, Jalan Raya Pajajaran, Bogor 16144 dun SEAMEO Bwtrop, Kotak ... Cladosporium cladosporioides, Endomyces Jibuliger, Eumiium chevalieri, E. mpens, Mucor circinelloides, Penicillium citrinum and P. herquei. ...
Eleven dominant mesophilie fungal species Aspergi//usflavus, .4. furnigatus, Coprinus cinereus, C... more Eleven dominant mesophilie fungal species Aspergi//usflavus, .4. furnigatus, Coprinus cinereus, C paoulardii, Fusarium chiansydosporuni, K semiteclunr, Fusariunt sp., Gliocladiuni penicilloides, Mekinopsamn.a pom4forntis, Penkilliurn citrinuni and Triciwdennaaureoviridewhich contaminated the beds of rice straw mushroom Vos'variella volvacea have been isolated using dilution method on Potato Dextrose Agar FDA medium. Interaction studies among the mesophilie fungi and the rice straw mushroom were carried out using the direct opposition method on FDA medium. The resultsshowed that the mesophilic fungi were antagonistic to the rice straw mushroom. Visual examination under the microscopeshowed that the hyphae of the straw rice mushroom were winded around, lvsed and swelled. Keyword: antagonist, mesophylic fungi, Volvariellavolvacea Jamur merang Volvarie/la volvacea Bull. cx Fr. Sing. dapat tumbuh pada berbagai linibah pertanian, di antaranya limbab kapas. Walaupun pada budi daya jamu...
The objective of this study was to investigate the physical quality, Aspergillus flavus populatio... more The objective of this study was to investigate the physical quality, Aspergillus flavus population and aflatoxin B 1 content of raw peanut kernels collected from retailers in two traditional markets (pasar Anyar and pasar Bogor) in the city of Bogor in August 2009. The number of samples collected from pasar Anyar and pasar Bogor was 14 and 12, respectively. Physical quality of kernels was determined based on the percentage of intact, shriveled and damaged kernels. Damaged kernels consisted of broken and damaged kernels caused by insect or fungal attack. Aspergillus flavus population was determined using serial dilution method followed by pour plating method on aspergillus flavus and parasiticus agar. Aflatoxin B 1 content was determined using thin layer chromatography method. The results showed, that the mean of percentage of intact, shriveled and damaged kernels of peanuts collected from pasar Anyar was 70.6, 12.3 and 17.1%, respectively; while that of collected from pasar Bogor wa...
Tribolium castaneum is an important insect pest of stored milled rice in Indonesia. The effect of... more Tribolium castaneum is an important insect pest of stored milled rice in Indonesia. The effect of T. castaneum on fungal infection of stored milled rice was investigated together with moisture content and weight loss. Milled rice were placed in glass jars (250 g/jar) and infested with 5, 10, and 20 pairs of T. castaneum . As control, the jars contained only milled rice. Three replications were made for each treatment (including the control). The jars were stored in storage room for 1, 2, and 3 months. Moisture contents (based on wet weight) of milled rice were determined using the oven method. Fungi were isolated and enumerated using dilution plating, followed by pour plate method on Dichloran 18% Glycerol Agar (DG18). Weight loss (based on dry weight) was determined after 3 months of storage.The results showed, that the population of adult T. castaneum increased with the increase in the number of pairs of infested T. castaneum and storage duration. The moisture contents of milled r...
Atom Indonesia
A study on the effectiveness of gamma irradiation at doses of 5 and 10 kGy on fungal population, ... more A study on the effectiveness of gamma irradiation at doses of 5 and 10 kGy on fungal population, Aspergillus flavus strains, and aflatoxin B1 contamination on stored nutmeg kernels was conducted. The kernels were collected from seeds in a period of one week from the ground at North Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. Dried shelled kernels with ± 10 % moisture content, packed in polyethylene bags at 2.1 kg/bag, were irradiated at 5 and 10 kGy and stored at ambient temperature (28 °C) for 2 and 4 months. Kernel moisture content, fungal population, and aflatoxin B1 were determined before and after irradiation, and after 2 and 4 months of storage. Results showed that fungal population was reduced with the increasing irradiation dose. Five species of fungi were isolated, i.e., Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Eurotium chevalieri, and Penicillium citrinum. A total of twelve A. flavus strains were isolated, five strains from unirradiated kernels and five and two strains from irradiated kernels at doses 5 and 10 kGy, respectively. Among these strains, 58 % were capable of producing L sclerotia and 25 % were identified as toxigenic. Kernel moisture during storage was 7.3 % and no aflatoxin B1 was detected before and after irradiation, and after 2 and 4 months of storage duration.
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia
Diversity of Postharvest Fungi on Shallot Bulbs Variety Bima BrebesIn Indonesia, shallot (Allium ... more Diversity of Postharvest Fungi on Shallot Bulbs Variety Bima BrebesIn Indonesia, shallot (Allium ascalonicum) is horticultural main commodity after hot pepper. Significant yield losses can be caused by postharvest fungi infection. Research on the diversity of postharvest fungi on shallot bulbs has been conducted in some countries, unfortunately little is done in Indonesia. The study was aimed to obtain information on the diversity of postharvest fungi infecting shallot bulbs variety Bima Brebes from several traditional markets in Bogor City. Shallot bulbs were collected in January and February 2016. The study consisted of fungal isolation from shallot bulbs, fungal pathogenicity test, and identification of pathogenic fungi based on morphological and molecular characteristics. Morphology identification was based on the color of fungal colony, growth pattern, as well as somatic and reproduction structures. Several species of pathogenic fungi were successfully identified from shallot b...