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Papers by Olawunmi Fatusi
Annals of Tropical Paediatrics International Child Health
ABSTRACT
Odonto-stomatologie tropicale = Tropical dental journal
Seventy-five Nigerian dentists were interviewed on their approach to the management of impacted t... more Seventy-five Nigerian dentists were interviewed on their approach to the management of impacted third molars. The mean age of the dentists was 34.8 years, with a male/female ratio of 3.4:1. Most of the female dentists were found in the training institutions (p = 0.005). More than half of the dentists (58.7%) practiced in institutions with dental schools (training institutions), majority preferred the buccal approach (92%), and all the dentists (100%) preferred third molar disimpaction under local analgesia. Most dentists (88%) prescribe antibiotics following third molar surgery. Fifty dentists (66.7%) routinely reviewed all patients postoperatively while 12 dentists (16%) were of the opinion that all impacted third molars should be extracted. Only 21 dentists (28%) were aware of any protocol on the management of impacted teeth. More dentists in the training institutions performed third molar surgery less frequently than dentists in other hospitals (p = 0.07) who tend to employ chisels/mallet for bone removal (p = 0.0004). The need for continuing education and the formulation of guidelines in order to assist dentists to make informed decisions is emphasised. This will help conserve scarce resources and enhance the operation of the newly introduced National Health Insurance Scheme.
The journal of contemporary dental practice
Odonto-stomatologie tropicale = Tropical dental journal
The objective of the study was to determine the principal dental radiographic features of impacte... more The objective of the study was to determine the principal dental radiographic features of impacted third molars and to highlight some management implications, 255 periapical radiographs belonging to 197 patients with the clinical records were examined. The age of the subjects, sex, and degree of impaction, inclination, depth, mesiodistal space and associated pathology were documented as well as the number of roots and their relationship to the neurovascular bundle. The mean age was 23.4 years with more female teeth (152, 59.6%) than male (103, 40.4%). Majority were partially erupted (223, 91.4%) with vertical impaction most commonly seen in 80 teeth (31.4%). Over half of the teeth (135, 52.9%) had no obvious relationship with the inferior alveolar neuro-vascular bundle and where this existed, darkening of the root was the most common radiographic indicator (55 teeth, 21.6%). Most of the teeth (54.9%) had no obvious pathologic changes associated. In those with pathologic changes, periodontal bone loss and a wide follicle were most commonly observed (44 teeth or 17.3% in both cases). Older subjects had significantly more periodontal bone loss (p = 0.001). Periapical radiographic examination can reveal vital information for treatment planning of impacted teeth and the monitoring of asymptomatic teeth.
Objective: To assess health-seeking pathway of patients with oral cancer presenting at our oral a... more Objective: To assess health-seeking pathway of patients with oral cancer presenting at our oral and maxillofacial surgical unit in a Nigerian teaching hospital; explore the psychosocial effect of the disease; and assess relationship between psychosocial perspectives and health-seeking behaviour. Method: A prospective, cross-sectional study with serial recruitment of consenting patients on presentation at facility and histological diagnosis. Standardised questionnaire was administered and data analysed using STATA. Result: Sixty patients participated: 31 males (51.7%), 29 females (48.3%)’ age range 2 – 94 years (mean + SD: 39.7 + 18.5 years). Majority (53.0%) had at least secondary school education; 21.6% had no formal education. Three-quarters (76.7%) were in low socio-economic class. The median duration for jaw swelling was 2 years (range: 0.05-18 years; IQR: 2-5 years). Mandible was the most common location of jaw swelling (65.5%). The most common accompanying features were: pain/...
African Journal of Oral Health, 2004
The study was undertaken to document the pattern of maxillofacial emergencies presenting to the a... more The study was undertaken to document the pattern of maxillofacial emergencies presenting to the accident and emergency unit of the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching hospital, Ile-Ife between January 2001 and December 2002. Method: The patients' demographics, the time of presentation, duration of emergency and mode of arrival was documented. Injuries of the oro-facial soft and hard tissues, injuries in other parts of the body, the investigations carried out and the management instituted was also recorded. Results: 106 patients representing 1.3% of all the Accident and Emergency admissions were seen by the maxillofacial unit. Males predominated (90 males against 16 females), mean age was 31.3 years, students (28%) were the most frequently encountered and weekends recorded the highest number of emergencies (50 patients or 47.2%). Trauma was the main reason for presentation (102 patients or 96.2%) and commercial vehicles were the commonest means of transportation to the hospital in 63 patients (59.4%). About a third of the subjects (31 or 36.1%) presented within the first hour, and the soft tissues of the midface were most often involved. The mandible was the most commonly fractured bone (20 patients or 19.6%) and limb injuries were the most commonly observed injury in other parts of the body (43 patients or 42.2%). Sixty-eight out of the 88 patients who required a surgical procedure were treated in the accident and emergency unit and 49 patients (46.2%) were admitted into the wards. The outcome was not significantly affected by the time or mode of presentation. Conclusions: There is a need for an oral and maxillofacial trauma registry at different locations in the country to ensure a long-term data collection for the development and evaluation of preventive measures.
African Journal of Reproductive Health
Interest in addressing the ethical issues related to adolescents' engagement in research, esp... more Interest in addressing the ethical issues related to adolescents' engagement in research, especially sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) research is increasing in view of the need to design and implement research that address peculiar SRHR needs of adolescents. These needs include issues of sexually transmitted infections, HIV, AIDS, adverse pregnancy outcomes, community, family and relationship violence and mental health. Unfortunately, adolescents' voluntary participation in research has been limited due to their perceived potential to be coerced into participation, and concerns that they may not fully comprehend the issues related to research risks. As such, many of the regulations for engaging research participants have been defined by age rather than due consideration of psychological development. This paper examines the various potential ethical issues that may impact on decision making when adolescents are engaged in research. These include the need to mi...
Journal of the National Medical Association, 2007
We present a case of multiple degloving injuries in an elderly man following a fall from a palm t... more We present a case of multiple degloving injuries in an elderly man following a fall from a palm tree. Multiple midface injuries are very rare, although individual types have been reported. Our patient sustained injuries in the lower and middle thirds of the face, including multiple tongue lacerations and a deep jagged laceration at the lower posterior part of the neck with a piece of wood in place. The facial degloving injury in this case posed an immediate danger from disruption of the respiratory system and hemorrhage. Emergency care involved prevention of respiratory embarrassment through a tracheostomy, maintenance of hemostasis and wound contamination. All the bone fractures were immobilized using interosseous wires and the avulsed nasal cartilage was immobilized with polyglactin 910 sutures against the anterior nasal spine. This case was unique because it was possible to manage the various challenges and significant risk to life by emergency tracheostomy and adoption of a mult...
Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association
There is a high potential for the occurrence of burns in Nigeria, yet very little is known about ... more There is a high potential for the occurrence of burns in Nigeria, yet very little is known about factors that are associated with management outcomes (death/survivorship) in burns affecting facial or other body areas among Nigerian populations. This study aimed at determining patterns of occurrences of burn injuries with and without facial involvement and the factors that are associated with mortality. A standardized data-collection instrument was designed and used to extract relevant information about burn patients that were seen at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, between 1998 and 2003. During the study period, fuel-related flames constituted the leading type of agent in both facial (71.1%) and nonfacial involved burns (65.3%). There was no significant difference in the incidence of contracture and inhalation injury between burns with facial involvement and burns without facial involvement, but cases of facial involvement have significan...
Journal of the National Medical Association, 2006
The maxillofacial unit is an uncommon entry point for cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Th... more The maxillofacial unit is an uncommon entry point for cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). This report documents involvement of the maxillofacial unit in the management of NPC in Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-lfe, Nigeria, with the aim of highlighting the challenges associated with recognition and management of the disease. Almost all cases (86.7%) were recorded in the low socioeconomic group, and males constituted 66.7%. The median age of our patients was 38 years, with an earlier cluster in females. Most of our patients (86.7%) presented with late stages of the disease. The challenges posed to surgeons in the management of NPC in the tropics include limited availability of diagnostic and treatment facilities. The inability of patients to afford the cost of relevant healthcare services due to high poverty level and absence of effective social support system also limits their access and utilization of available clinical facilities. These issues need ...
The journal of contemporary dental practice, Jan 15, 2005
To evaluate dentists' prescription writing patterns and their appreciation of the characteris... more To evaluate dentists' prescription writing patterns and their appreciation of the characteristics of antibiotics. Evaluation of drug prescriptions written over a six-month period. Dental Hospital, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Retrospective analysis of 313 prescriptions written by dentists attending to outpatient dental patients. The total number of drugs on one prescription ranged from one to seven with Penicillins being the most commonly prescribed drug. Some prescriptions were found to be incorrect with regards to dose, frequency, and duration. Instructions as to the best time of administering drugs with regards to meals were not stated in any prescription. Improvement through continuing education is desired on the part of prescribers to ensure a good standard of care and avoid practices that may increase antimicrobial resistance. Drug information services including side effects and drug interactions for professionals and consumers a...
International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2011
Introduction: Assessing treatment outcome is an integral part of audit process in surgical practi... more Introduction: Assessing treatment outcome is an integral part of audit process in surgical practise. This goes along way in identifying the strengths and weaknesses of adopted protocols and help to improve on them.
International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2007
International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2009
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a malignant soft tissue neoplasm, with varying degrees of striated musc... more Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a malignant soft tissue neoplasm, with varying degrees of striated muscle cell differentiation and a relative predilection for the head and neck region. The objectives of this study were to determine the clinical and histological patterns of RMS, to assess the sociodemographic profile of reported RMS cases, and to highlight the management challenges and outcomes of these cases in a country lacking resources such as Nigeria. Patients diagnosed with RMS, based on clinical and histological evaluation, and recorded in the cancer registry of two maxillofacial centres in Nigeria were reviewed. 21 patients met the inclusion criteria for this study. Their ages ranged from 24 days to 42 years. In all of them multiple anatomical sites were involved. The primary site of the lesion could not be determined. Embryonal and alveolar subtypes were mainly found in the maxilla. There was no statistically significant association between the site of the lesion and the histological type (p = 0.39). The patients' age was statistically significantly associated with the histological type (p = 0.008). Most patients reported at an advanced stage, contributing to the poor prognosis and management outcome of cases evaluated.
Nigerian Journal of Surgery, 2014
The aim of this study is to evaluate the success rate and complications of mandibular reconstruct... more The aim of this study is to evaluate the success rate and complications of mandibular reconstruction with nonvascularized bone graft in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. A total of 25 patients who underwent reconstruction of mandibular discontinuity defects between January 2003 and February 2012, at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife constituted the study sample. Relevant information was retrieved from the patients' records. This information include patients' demographics (age and sex) as well as the type of mandibular defect, cause of the defect, type of mandibular resection done, source of the bone graft used, and the method of graft immobilization. Morbidity associated with the graft procedures were assessed by retrieving information on graft failures, length of hospital stay following surgery, rehabilitation device used and associated graft donor and recipient site complications. There were 12 males and 13 females with a male:female ratio was 1:1.1. The age of the patients ranged from 13 to 73 years with a mean age for males 32.7 ± standard deviation (SD) 12.9 and for females 35.0 ± SD 17.1. Jaw defect was caused by resection for tumours and other jaw pathologies in 92% of cases. Complete symphyseal involvement defect was the most common defect recorded 11 (44%). Reconstruction with nonvascularized rib graft accounted for 68% of cases while iliac crest graft was used in 32% of the patients. Successful take of the grafts was recorded in 22 patients while three cases failed. Wound dehiscence (two patients) and postoperative wound infection (eight patients) were the most common complications recorded. The use of nonvascularized graft is still relevant in the reconstruction of large mandibular defects caused by surgical ablation of benign conditions in Nigerians. Precise surgical planning and execution, extended antibiotic therapy, and meticulous postoperative care contributed to the good outcome.
West African Journal of Medicine, 2004
Nigerian Journal of Surgical Research, 2003
ABSTRACT Background: Lipoma of the head and neck region are fairly common. Methods: This twelve y... more ABSTRACT Background: Lipoma of the head and neck region are fairly common. Methods: This twelve year retrospective study evaluated thirty-nine cases of head and neck lipomas in Nigerians. Results: They constituted 14.4% of benign tumours of the head and neck region and 17.6% of total body lipomas seen within the study period. There were two peaks in the age distribution with patients in the fifth and seventh decades of life recording the highest number of cases. More males were affected with a male-female ratio of 2:1. Most cases (33.3%) were seen in the neck, followed by the scalp (23.1%). Only one intra oral case presenting on the tongue was recorded. The two patients with multiple lipomas were negative for associated systemic disease. Two histological variants were seen (conventional and fibrolipoma). Conclusion: Tumours of adipose tissue are common head and neck neoplasms. While conventional lipomas are the commonest histological variants, the diagnosis of these lesions may be arrived at from clinical presentations supplemented with histological examinations. Treatment by surgical excision (lipectomy) produces satisfactory results. (Nig J Surg Res 2003; 5; 12 – 17) Key words: Head and neck, lipomas
Developing World Bioethics, 2014
There is increasing interest in the need to address the ethical dilemmas related to the engagemen... more There is increasing interest in the need to address the ethical dilemmas related to the engagement of adolescents in sexual and reproductive health (SRH) research. Research projects, including those that address issues related to STIs and HIV, adverse pregnancy outcomes, violence, and mental health, must be designed and implemented to address the needs of adolescents.
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2010
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a malignant soft tissue neoplasm, with varying degrees of striated musc... more Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a malignant soft tissue neoplasm, with varying degrees of striated muscle cell differentiation and a relative predilection for the head and neck region. The objectives of this study were to determine the clinical and histological patterns of RMS, to assess the sociodemographic profile of reported RMS cases, and to highlight the management challenges and outcomes of these cases in a country lacking resources such as Nigeria. Patients diagnosed with RMS, based on clinical and histological evaluation, and recorded in the cancer registry of two maxillofacial centres in Nigeria were reviewed. 21 patients met the inclusion criteria for this study. Their ages ranged from 24 days to 42 years. In all of them multiple anatomical sites were involved. The primary site of the lesion could not be determined. Embryonal and alveolar subtypes were mainly found in the maxilla. There was no statistically significant association between the site of the lesion and the histological type (p = 0.39). The patients' age was statistically significantly associated with the histological type (p = 0.008). Most patients reported at an advanced stage, contributing to the poor prognosis and management outcome of cases evaluated.
Annals of Tropical Paediatrics International Child Health
ABSTRACT
Odonto-stomatologie tropicale = Tropical dental journal
Seventy-five Nigerian dentists were interviewed on their approach to the management of impacted t... more Seventy-five Nigerian dentists were interviewed on their approach to the management of impacted third molars. The mean age of the dentists was 34.8 years, with a male/female ratio of 3.4:1. Most of the female dentists were found in the training institutions (p = 0.005). More than half of the dentists (58.7%) practiced in institutions with dental schools (training institutions), majority preferred the buccal approach (92%), and all the dentists (100%) preferred third molar disimpaction under local analgesia. Most dentists (88%) prescribe antibiotics following third molar surgery. Fifty dentists (66.7%) routinely reviewed all patients postoperatively while 12 dentists (16%) were of the opinion that all impacted third molars should be extracted. Only 21 dentists (28%) were aware of any protocol on the management of impacted teeth. More dentists in the training institutions performed third molar surgery less frequently than dentists in other hospitals (p = 0.07) who tend to employ chisels/mallet for bone removal (p = 0.0004). The need for continuing education and the formulation of guidelines in order to assist dentists to make informed decisions is emphasised. This will help conserve scarce resources and enhance the operation of the newly introduced National Health Insurance Scheme.
The journal of contemporary dental practice
Odonto-stomatologie tropicale = Tropical dental journal
The objective of the study was to determine the principal dental radiographic features of impacte... more The objective of the study was to determine the principal dental radiographic features of impacted third molars and to highlight some management implications, 255 periapical radiographs belonging to 197 patients with the clinical records were examined. The age of the subjects, sex, and degree of impaction, inclination, depth, mesiodistal space and associated pathology were documented as well as the number of roots and their relationship to the neurovascular bundle. The mean age was 23.4 years with more female teeth (152, 59.6%) than male (103, 40.4%). Majority were partially erupted (223, 91.4%) with vertical impaction most commonly seen in 80 teeth (31.4%). Over half of the teeth (135, 52.9%) had no obvious relationship with the inferior alveolar neuro-vascular bundle and where this existed, darkening of the root was the most common radiographic indicator (55 teeth, 21.6%). Most of the teeth (54.9%) had no obvious pathologic changes associated. In those with pathologic changes, periodontal bone loss and a wide follicle were most commonly observed (44 teeth or 17.3% in both cases). Older subjects had significantly more periodontal bone loss (p = 0.001). Periapical radiographic examination can reveal vital information for treatment planning of impacted teeth and the monitoring of asymptomatic teeth.
Objective: To assess health-seeking pathway of patients with oral cancer presenting at our oral a... more Objective: To assess health-seeking pathway of patients with oral cancer presenting at our oral and maxillofacial surgical unit in a Nigerian teaching hospital; explore the psychosocial effect of the disease; and assess relationship between psychosocial perspectives and health-seeking behaviour. Method: A prospective, cross-sectional study with serial recruitment of consenting patients on presentation at facility and histological diagnosis. Standardised questionnaire was administered and data analysed using STATA. Result: Sixty patients participated: 31 males (51.7%), 29 females (48.3%)’ age range 2 – 94 years (mean + SD: 39.7 + 18.5 years). Majority (53.0%) had at least secondary school education; 21.6% had no formal education. Three-quarters (76.7%) were in low socio-economic class. The median duration for jaw swelling was 2 years (range: 0.05-18 years; IQR: 2-5 years). Mandible was the most common location of jaw swelling (65.5%). The most common accompanying features were: pain/...
African Journal of Oral Health, 2004
The study was undertaken to document the pattern of maxillofacial emergencies presenting to the a... more The study was undertaken to document the pattern of maxillofacial emergencies presenting to the accident and emergency unit of the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching hospital, Ile-Ife between January 2001 and December 2002. Method: The patients' demographics, the time of presentation, duration of emergency and mode of arrival was documented. Injuries of the oro-facial soft and hard tissues, injuries in other parts of the body, the investigations carried out and the management instituted was also recorded. Results: 106 patients representing 1.3% of all the Accident and Emergency admissions were seen by the maxillofacial unit. Males predominated (90 males against 16 females), mean age was 31.3 years, students (28%) were the most frequently encountered and weekends recorded the highest number of emergencies (50 patients or 47.2%). Trauma was the main reason for presentation (102 patients or 96.2%) and commercial vehicles were the commonest means of transportation to the hospital in 63 patients (59.4%). About a third of the subjects (31 or 36.1%) presented within the first hour, and the soft tissues of the midface were most often involved. The mandible was the most commonly fractured bone (20 patients or 19.6%) and limb injuries were the most commonly observed injury in other parts of the body (43 patients or 42.2%). Sixty-eight out of the 88 patients who required a surgical procedure were treated in the accident and emergency unit and 49 patients (46.2%) were admitted into the wards. The outcome was not significantly affected by the time or mode of presentation. Conclusions: There is a need for an oral and maxillofacial trauma registry at different locations in the country to ensure a long-term data collection for the development and evaluation of preventive measures.
African Journal of Reproductive Health
Interest in addressing the ethical issues related to adolescents' engagement in research, esp... more Interest in addressing the ethical issues related to adolescents' engagement in research, especially sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) research is increasing in view of the need to design and implement research that address peculiar SRHR needs of adolescents. These needs include issues of sexually transmitted infections, HIV, AIDS, adverse pregnancy outcomes, community, family and relationship violence and mental health. Unfortunately, adolescents' voluntary participation in research has been limited due to their perceived potential to be coerced into participation, and concerns that they may not fully comprehend the issues related to research risks. As such, many of the regulations for engaging research participants have been defined by age rather than due consideration of psychological development. This paper examines the various potential ethical issues that may impact on decision making when adolescents are engaged in research. These include the need to mi...
Journal of the National Medical Association, 2007
We present a case of multiple degloving injuries in an elderly man following a fall from a palm t... more We present a case of multiple degloving injuries in an elderly man following a fall from a palm tree. Multiple midface injuries are very rare, although individual types have been reported. Our patient sustained injuries in the lower and middle thirds of the face, including multiple tongue lacerations and a deep jagged laceration at the lower posterior part of the neck with a piece of wood in place. The facial degloving injury in this case posed an immediate danger from disruption of the respiratory system and hemorrhage. Emergency care involved prevention of respiratory embarrassment through a tracheostomy, maintenance of hemostasis and wound contamination. All the bone fractures were immobilized using interosseous wires and the avulsed nasal cartilage was immobilized with polyglactin 910 sutures against the anterior nasal spine. This case was unique because it was possible to manage the various challenges and significant risk to life by emergency tracheostomy and adoption of a mult...
Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association
There is a high potential for the occurrence of burns in Nigeria, yet very little is known about ... more There is a high potential for the occurrence of burns in Nigeria, yet very little is known about factors that are associated with management outcomes (death/survivorship) in burns affecting facial or other body areas among Nigerian populations. This study aimed at determining patterns of occurrences of burn injuries with and without facial involvement and the factors that are associated with mortality. A standardized data-collection instrument was designed and used to extract relevant information about burn patients that were seen at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, between 1998 and 2003. During the study period, fuel-related flames constituted the leading type of agent in both facial (71.1%) and nonfacial involved burns (65.3%). There was no significant difference in the incidence of contracture and inhalation injury between burns with facial involvement and burns without facial involvement, but cases of facial involvement have significan...
Journal of the National Medical Association, 2006
The maxillofacial unit is an uncommon entry point for cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Th... more The maxillofacial unit is an uncommon entry point for cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). This report documents involvement of the maxillofacial unit in the management of NPC in Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-lfe, Nigeria, with the aim of highlighting the challenges associated with recognition and management of the disease. Almost all cases (86.7%) were recorded in the low socioeconomic group, and males constituted 66.7%. The median age of our patients was 38 years, with an earlier cluster in females. Most of our patients (86.7%) presented with late stages of the disease. The challenges posed to surgeons in the management of NPC in the tropics include limited availability of diagnostic and treatment facilities. The inability of patients to afford the cost of relevant healthcare services due to high poverty level and absence of effective social support system also limits their access and utilization of available clinical facilities. These issues need ...
The journal of contemporary dental practice, Jan 15, 2005
To evaluate dentists' prescription writing patterns and their appreciation of the characteris... more To evaluate dentists' prescription writing patterns and their appreciation of the characteristics of antibiotics. Evaluation of drug prescriptions written over a six-month period. Dental Hospital, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Retrospective analysis of 313 prescriptions written by dentists attending to outpatient dental patients. The total number of drugs on one prescription ranged from one to seven with Penicillins being the most commonly prescribed drug. Some prescriptions were found to be incorrect with regards to dose, frequency, and duration. Instructions as to the best time of administering drugs with regards to meals were not stated in any prescription. Improvement through continuing education is desired on the part of prescribers to ensure a good standard of care and avoid practices that may increase antimicrobial resistance. Drug information services including side effects and drug interactions for professionals and consumers a...
International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2011
Introduction: Assessing treatment outcome is an integral part of audit process in surgical practi... more Introduction: Assessing treatment outcome is an integral part of audit process in surgical practise. This goes along way in identifying the strengths and weaknesses of adopted protocols and help to improve on them.
International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2007
International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2009
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a malignant soft tissue neoplasm, with varying degrees of striated musc... more Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a malignant soft tissue neoplasm, with varying degrees of striated muscle cell differentiation and a relative predilection for the head and neck region. The objectives of this study were to determine the clinical and histological patterns of RMS, to assess the sociodemographic profile of reported RMS cases, and to highlight the management challenges and outcomes of these cases in a country lacking resources such as Nigeria. Patients diagnosed with RMS, based on clinical and histological evaluation, and recorded in the cancer registry of two maxillofacial centres in Nigeria were reviewed. 21 patients met the inclusion criteria for this study. Their ages ranged from 24 days to 42 years. In all of them multiple anatomical sites were involved. The primary site of the lesion could not be determined. Embryonal and alveolar subtypes were mainly found in the maxilla. There was no statistically significant association between the site of the lesion and the histological type (p = 0.39). The patients' age was statistically significantly associated with the histological type (p = 0.008). Most patients reported at an advanced stage, contributing to the poor prognosis and management outcome of cases evaluated.
Nigerian Journal of Surgery, 2014
The aim of this study is to evaluate the success rate and complications of mandibular reconstruct... more The aim of this study is to evaluate the success rate and complications of mandibular reconstruction with nonvascularized bone graft in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. A total of 25 patients who underwent reconstruction of mandibular discontinuity defects between January 2003 and February 2012, at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife constituted the study sample. Relevant information was retrieved from the patients' records. This information include patients' demographics (age and sex) as well as the type of mandibular defect, cause of the defect, type of mandibular resection done, source of the bone graft used, and the method of graft immobilization. Morbidity associated with the graft procedures were assessed by retrieving information on graft failures, length of hospital stay following surgery, rehabilitation device used and associated graft donor and recipient site complications. There were 12 males and 13 females with a male:female ratio was 1:1.1. The age of the patients ranged from 13 to 73 years with a mean age for males 32.7 ± standard deviation (SD) 12.9 and for females 35.0 ± SD 17.1. Jaw defect was caused by resection for tumours and other jaw pathologies in 92% of cases. Complete symphyseal involvement defect was the most common defect recorded 11 (44%). Reconstruction with nonvascularized rib graft accounted for 68% of cases while iliac crest graft was used in 32% of the patients. Successful take of the grafts was recorded in 22 patients while three cases failed. Wound dehiscence (two patients) and postoperative wound infection (eight patients) were the most common complications recorded. The use of nonvascularized graft is still relevant in the reconstruction of large mandibular defects caused by surgical ablation of benign conditions in Nigerians. Precise surgical planning and execution, extended antibiotic therapy, and meticulous postoperative care contributed to the good outcome.
West African Journal of Medicine, 2004
Nigerian Journal of Surgical Research, 2003
ABSTRACT Background: Lipoma of the head and neck region are fairly common. Methods: This twelve y... more ABSTRACT Background: Lipoma of the head and neck region are fairly common. Methods: This twelve year retrospective study evaluated thirty-nine cases of head and neck lipomas in Nigerians. Results: They constituted 14.4% of benign tumours of the head and neck region and 17.6% of total body lipomas seen within the study period. There were two peaks in the age distribution with patients in the fifth and seventh decades of life recording the highest number of cases. More males were affected with a male-female ratio of 2:1. Most cases (33.3%) were seen in the neck, followed by the scalp (23.1%). Only one intra oral case presenting on the tongue was recorded. The two patients with multiple lipomas were negative for associated systemic disease. Two histological variants were seen (conventional and fibrolipoma). Conclusion: Tumours of adipose tissue are common head and neck neoplasms. While conventional lipomas are the commonest histological variants, the diagnosis of these lesions may be arrived at from clinical presentations supplemented with histological examinations. Treatment by surgical excision (lipectomy) produces satisfactory results. (Nig J Surg Res 2003; 5; 12 – 17) Key words: Head and neck, lipomas
Developing World Bioethics, 2014
There is increasing interest in the need to address the ethical dilemmas related to the engagemen... more There is increasing interest in the need to address the ethical dilemmas related to the engagement of adolescents in sexual and reproductive health (SRH) research. Research projects, including those that address issues related to STIs and HIV, adverse pregnancy outcomes, violence, and mental health, must be designed and implemented to address the needs of adolescents.
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2010
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a malignant soft tissue neoplasm, with varying degrees of striated musc... more Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a malignant soft tissue neoplasm, with varying degrees of striated muscle cell differentiation and a relative predilection for the head and neck region. The objectives of this study were to determine the clinical and histological patterns of RMS, to assess the sociodemographic profile of reported RMS cases, and to highlight the management challenges and outcomes of these cases in a country lacking resources such as Nigeria. Patients diagnosed with RMS, based on clinical and histological evaluation, and recorded in the cancer registry of two maxillofacial centres in Nigeria were reviewed. 21 patients met the inclusion criteria for this study. Their ages ranged from 24 days to 42 years. In all of them multiple anatomical sites were involved. The primary site of the lesion could not be determined. Embryonal and alveolar subtypes were mainly found in the maxilla. There was no statistically significant association between the site of the lesion and the histological type (p = 0.39). The patients' age was statistically significantly associated with the histological type (p = 0.008). Most patients reported at an advanced stage, contributing to the poor prognosis and management outcome of cases evaluated.