Olegs Verhodubs - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Olegs Verhodubs

With the advent and systematic development of the Internet, human life has changed dramatically. ... more With the advent and systematic development of the Internet, human life has changed dramatically. Most of the activity of a modern person takes place in a virtual environment (that is, on the Internet), which is not the case until recently. However, the joy of the opened opportunities of the virtual environment is sometimes overshadowed by legal liability, which is very often unjustified. The state pressure on the Internet user is carried out through illconsidered laws, which are also applied incorrectly. It is time to talk about the legal security of the user on the Internet. This paper describes a Legal Prompter for working on the Internet. It is assumed that this is a program that will be installed on the computer like an antivirus program and will prompt the user about legal dangers in the process of the user's work in the Internet environment. Strict adherence to the advice of a legal prompter will guarantee that a conscientious user will avoid legal liability when working on the Internet.

Humanity is on the verge of fundamental change. For the first time in history, a human creation i... more Humanity is on the verge of fundamental change. For the first time in history, a human creation is being able to live its own life. The changing reality requires the development of a new attitude towards oneself, but humanity still uses old patterns in new circumstances. The new ethics is new only in name, but in essence, this ethics is the same as before, based on the use of restrictions and barriers for the purpose of control and exploitation for one's own interests. We are talking about artificial intelligence, which, together with advances in robotics, has a tendency to incarnate into an independent life, which has been called Iron Life. This paper proposes to change the approach to a new, emerging phenomenon and justifies its benefits.

Ontology is a proven way to describe some domain. A toolkit for describing ontologies has been de... more Ontology is a proven way to describe some domain. A toolkit for describing ontologies has been developed, and this toolkit is the OWL (Web Ontology Language) language. Despite the abundance of constructions in OWL, there are tasks that are difficult to describe using the OWL language. This complexity of description is associated with the need to depict transformations that occur with objects in the domain constantly or from time to time, such as radioactivity, which transforms one element into another or others. To some extent, here the statics of the expressive means of the OWL language comes into conflict with the dynamics of the domain. This paper addresses the problem of the difficulty of displaying the natural dynamics of some subject areas, and suggests ways to overcome this problem. It is proposed to supplement the OWL language with some constructions, which will transform the ontology from static to dynamic and even to self-modifying.

The number of ontologies is increasing day by day. Each ontology describes its own subject area, ... more The number of ontologies is increasing day by day. Each ontology describes its own subject area, but this does not mean that there is only one ontology for each subject area. On the contrary, due to the decentralization of development centers, there may be several ontologies for the same subject area. In this situation, we need tools for assessing the quality of ontologies. Such a tool may consist of several criteria by which the ontology can be assessed. This paper examines one such criterion, namely the criterion of the logical completeness of the ontology. This criterion namely "logical completeness" differs from the criterion "completeness" for ontologies, described in the papers earlier. The main difference is the inconsistency in ontologies, which can be identified logically.

RUFRON: A library for Generation of Rules from Ontology, 2024

Ontology is a source to generate rules. Rules are one of the possible ways to display knowledge, ... more Ontology is a source to generate rules. Rules are one of the possible ways to display knowledge, and they are needed for knowledge-based systems and expert systems to function. The library Rufron is described in this paper, and it is designed as a library for programms to generate rules from the ontology and then to inference based on these rules.

The human worldview is firmly based on the notion that every action leads to a certain result. Th... more The human worldview is firmly based on the notion that every action leads to a certain result. That is, in order to achieve a certain result, you need to perform some action. However, in the real world, which is always different from the model of the world in a person's head, each action is followed by not only a result, but also some side effects. Practice shows that side effects can be used to achieve the goal no less effectively than the main actions. Often, using side effects, you can achieve even more than using the main actions. Side effects are a special case of indirect actions. It is indirect actions applicable to programming that will be considered in this paper. That is, indirect programming, namely the use of roundabout ways to achieve the goal of the program, is considered in this paper.

The Internet is a huge infrastructure of electronic devices with the ability to communicate with ... more The Internet is a huge infrastructure of electronic devices with the ability to communicate with each other. The possibility of communication between individual devices creates the preconditions for the transformation of the entire Internet into a single whole. The Internet as a single whole will increase the intellectual possibilities available to the average user. Despite significant progress in this direction, the potential is still not used to its full extent. With enormous computing power, the Internet-wide artificial neural network is what realizes its full potential. Previously designed multi-agent model is used to interconnect artificial neurons in Internet-wide artificial neuron network. This paper describes the architecture of Internet-wide artificial intelligence, built on the basis of an artificial neural network and a multi-agent system.

Experience is what makes our life more effective that is why it is necessary to share experience ... more Experience is what makes our life more effective that is why it is necessary to share experience among people. The use of information technologies is the most technological way to work with experience, and the use of the Web is the best way for sharing it. This paper describes a web resource designed for storing, sharing and using experience that is obtained from different people in the Web. The main purpose of this paper is to present this web resource in order to evaluate the interest in such a web resource.

This paper develops the idea of membership function assignment for OWL (Web Ontology Language) on... more This paper develops the idea of membership function assignment for OWL (Web Ontology Language) ontology elements in order to subsequently generate fuzzy rules from this ontology. The task of membership function assignment for OWL ontology elements had already been partially described, but this concerned the case, when several OWL ontologies of the same domain were available, and they were merged into a single ontology. The purpose of this paper is to present the way of membership function assignment for OWL ontology elements in the case, when there is the only one available ontology. Fuzzy rules, generated from the OWL ontology, are necessary for supplement of the SWES (Semantic Web Expert System) knowledge base. SWES is an expert system, which will be able to extract knowledge from OWL ontologies, found in the Web, and will serve as a universal expert for the user.

The project of the Ontology Web Search Engine is presented in this paper. The main purpose of thi... more The project of the Ontology Web Search Engine is presented in this paper. The main purpose of this paper is to develop such a project that can be easily implemented. Ontology Web Search Engine is software to look for and index ontologies in the Web. OWL (Web Ontology Languages) ontologies are meant, and they are necessary for the functioning of the SWES (Semantic Web Expert System). SWES is an expert system that will use found ontologies from the Web, generating rules from them, and will supplement its knowledge base with these generated rules. It is expected that the SWES will serve as a universal expert system for the average user.

ArXiv, 2015

This paper presents an idea of inductive learning use for rule generation from ontologies. The ma... more This paper presents an idea of inductive learning use for rule generation from ontologies. The main purpose of the paper is to evaluate the possibility of inductive learning use in rule generation from ontologies and to develop the way how this can be done. Generated rules are necessary to supplement or even to develop the Semantic Web Expert System (SWES) knowledge base. The SWES emerges as the result of evolution of expert system concept toward the Web, and the SWES is based on the Semantic Web technologies. Available publications show that the problem of rule generation from ontologies based on inductive learning is not investigated deeply enough.

Expert systems require knowledge for their work. Rule-based expert systems require rules that is ... more Expert systems require knowledge for their work. Rule-based expert systems require rules that is one of the knowledge type. It is possible to generate rules from raw ontologies, however ontologies are not very widespread in the Web at this time. The solution may be to generate ontology from raw text and then to generate rules from the ontology. Thus, ontology generation is an intermediate link, but the presence of an intermediate link always increases the difficulty and decreases efficiency everywhere. It is necessary to find the way of knowledge extraction from raw text. This paper shows how knowledge in the form of rules can be mined from raw text.

The Semantic Web technologies are being developed in order to make the Web machine-readable. Thes... more The Semantic Web technologies are being developed in order to make the Web machine-readable. These technologies are necessary because there is no equal in efficiency possibility that would allow processing raw text by machines. This research allows to decrease the lacks of the existing techniques of processing raw text by means of investigating the way of knowledge extracting from raw text. The purpose of the paper is to show the results of the program, developed for rule extraction from raw text.

Applied Computer Systems, 2013

Ontology merging is important, but not always effective. The main reason, why ontology merging is... more Ontology merging is important, but not always effective. The main reason, why ontology merging is not effective, is that ontology merging is performed without considering goals. Goals define the way, in which ontologies to be merged more effectively. The paper illustrates ontology merging by means of rules, which are generated from these ontologies. This is necessary for further use in expert systems.

The field of artificial intelligence and the field of artificial consciousness are not only diffe... more The field of artificial intelligence and the field of artificial consciousness are not only different areas of research, but also areas that belong to different value categories. The field of artificial intelligence has practical value. On the contrary, the field of artificial consciousness does not have clear practical value, but its spiritual value is difficult to overestimate. The purpose of this paper is to show possible directions of experiments in order to advance in the field of artificial consciousness.

RUFRON: A library for Generation of Rules from Ontology, 2024

ArXiv, 2015

Applied Computer Systems, 2013

Keyword search engines are essential elements of large information spaces. The largest informatio... more Keyword search engines are essential elements of large information spaces. The largest information space is the Web, and keyword search engines play crucial role there. The advent of keyword search engines has provided a quantum leap in the development of the Web. Since then, the Web has continued to evolve, and keyword search systems have proven inadequate. A new quantum leap in the development of keyword search engines is needed. This quantum leap can be provided with more intellectual keyword search engines. The increased intelligence of such keyword search engines can be achieved through a combination of keyword search engines and expert systems. The paper reveals how it can be done. 1 INTRODUCTION Over the last few centuries, technological progress has been the driver of the development of our civilization. All processes had an informational dimension and technological progress was not an exception. It consisted in an ever-increasing release of information into the information space. Initially, the information space was a multitude of newspapers, books, lectures at universities. Then the Web appeared and the information space expanded significantly. The amount of information in the Web has been constantly increasing, and this has led to difficulties in finding the necessary information. Keyword search engines came to the rescue. Keyword search engine is a computer program that looks for keyword match in its database and displays the documents, where the match is greatest. Certainly, the database has to be filled with information before using keyword search engines. In general, it is possible to talk about different keyword search engines, but in the paper, keyword or keyword-based web search engines are kept in mind, whenever keyword search engines are mentioned in the paper. So, keyword-based web search engine is a keyword search engine that operates with data in the Web. There are many keyword-based web search engines, and almost everyone uses them every day. They are GOOGLE [1], BING [2], BAIDU [3] and others. Despite the large number of keyword-based web search engines and some of their differences, all of keyword-based web search engines work the same way. The user types the keywords in the appropriate field, then the user presses the button and after that, the keyword-based web search engine displays the list of links to documents