Olivier Dewit - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Olivier Dewit

Journal of Crohn's and Colitis, Jan 25, 2019

Conclusions: Positive histological margin, as defined by the presence of erosion, ulceration, cho... more Conclusions: Positive histological margin, as defined by the presence of erosion, ulceration, chorion infiltration by neutrophils polynuclears, cryptic abscesses or cryptitis, was associated with an increased risk of clinical and surgical recurrence after ileocaecal resection for Crohn's disease.

Journal of Crohn's and Colitis, 2013

Background: In the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC), less frequent dosing of 5-aminosalicylic... more Background: In the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC), less frequent dosing of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) simplifies treatment and improves compliance. The objective of MOTUS was to show that 4g once-daily (OD) dosing of Pentasa granules is non-inferior to standard 2 g twice-daily (BD) dosing for the induction of remission in active UC. As the majority of patients (pts) with UC experience left-sided disease, the aim of this subanalysis was to compare the efficacy of 5-ASA 4 g OD versus 2 g BD for induction of remission in left-sided UC versus the overall MOTUS study population. Methods: Pts with active mild-to-moderate UC were randomised to receive 5-ASA granules 4 g/day: 2× 2 g OD or 1× 2 g BD. All pts also received 5-ASA enema (1 g/day) for the first 4 weeks. The primary endpoint was clinical and endoscopic remission at week 8 (UC disease activity index [UC-DAI] 1). Secondary endpoints included complete remission at week 8 (clinical and endoscopic remission with UC-DAI = 0) and mucosal healing at week 8 (UC-DAI endoscopic subscore 1). Subgroup analyses of the primary endpoint were carried out by disease location (left-sided disease versus overall study population). Statistical data were based on intent-to-treat analyses. If the lower limit of the 95% confidence interval (CI) was-15-0%, then the OD regimen was declared non-inferior to the BD regimen. Results: 206 pts were enrolled (OD n = 102, BD n = 104). Of the overall population, 83% had left-sided or distal UC and 17% had pancolitis or extensive UC. Pts with left-sided/distal UC comprised 81.4% of the OD arm (n = 82) and 84.6% of the BD arm (n = 86). The primary endpoint of clinical and endoscopic remission at week 8 (UC-DAI 1) was achieved by 52.9% and 41.5% of pts with left-sided/distal UC in the OD arm and the BD arm, respectively (lower 95% CI limit 3.7%). These remission rates are comparable to those of the overall study population (OD 52.1%, BD 41.8%). For pts with left-sided/distal UC, noninferiority was also demonstrated for the secondary endpoints of complete remission (UC-DAI = 0; OD 28.0%, BD 24.4%, lower 95% CI limit 9.9%) and mucosal healing (endoscopic subscore UC-DAI 1; OD 86.6%, BD 68.2%, lower 95% CI limit 5.0%) at week 8. Conclusions: These results show that OD treatment with 5-ASA is at least as effective as BD dosing and has similar efficacy in pts with left-sided UC compared to those in the overall MOTUS trial population with regard to inducing clinical and endoscopic remission.

Journal of Crohn's and Colitis

Background Anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α agents are a therapy of choice in the induction and... more Background Anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α agents are a therapy of choice in the induction and maintenance treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Unfortunately, their efficacy varies. Some IBD patients are primary non-responders and many will experience a secondary loss of response. However, we do not yet have good predictors of their efficacy. Obesity, which prevalence increases worldwide, is also increasingly found in IBD population. Some studies suggest an association between obesity and poorer response to anti-TNFα therapy in IBD patients, although with conflicting results. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of patients’ body mass index (BMI) on the efficacy of anti-TNFα agents in IBD and if there is difference according to the route of administration (intravenous (IV) vs subcutaneous (SC)) or the type of disease (Crohn’s disease (CD) vs ulcerative colitis (UC)). Methods We retrospectively collected data from 188 patients with IBD, aged ≥ 18 years, treated ...

Background: Risankizumab, an anti-interleukin-23 antibody, was superior to placebo in achieving c... more Background: Risankizumab, an anti-interleukin-23 antibody, was superior to placebo in achieving clinical and endoscopic remission at week 12 in a randomised, phase 2 induction study in patients with moderately to severely active Crohn's disease. The efficacy and safety of extended intravenous induction and/or subcutaneous maintenance therapy with risankizumab was assessed. Methods: Following 12-week, double-blind, randomised, induction treatment comparing 200 mg or 600 mg intravenous risankizumab to placebo every 4 weeks, patients without deep remission, defined as clinical (Crohn's Disease Activity Index <150) and endoscopic remission (Crohn's Disease Endoscopic Index of Severity [CDEIS] ≤4 [≤2 for patients with isolated ileitis]), received open-label 600 mg intravenous risankizumab (every 4 weeks) and patients in deep remission underwent washout until week 26 (Period 2). At week 26, patients in clinical remission received maintenance treatment (Period 3) with 180 mg...

Journal of Crohn's and Colitis, 2020

Background and Aim The inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]-disk is a 10-item self-questionnaire that... more Background and Aim The inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]-disk is a 10-item self-questionnaire that is used to assess IBD-related disability. The aim of the present study was to evaluate this tool in the assessment of IBD daily-life burden. Methods A 1-week cross-sectional study was conducted in 42 centres affiliated in France and Belgium. Patients were asked to complete the IBD-disk [best score: 0, worst score: 100] and a visual analogue scale [VAS] of IBD daily-life burden [best score: 0, worst score: 10]. Analyses included internal consistency, correlation analysis, and diagnostic performance assessment. Results Among the 2011 IBD outpatients who responded to the survey [67.8% of the patients had Crohn’s disease], 49.9% were in clinical remission. The IBD-disk completion rate was 73.8%. The final analysis was conducted in this population [n = 1455 patients]. The mean IBD-disk score and IBD daily-life burden VAS were 39.0 ± 23.2 and 5.2 ± 2.9, respectively. The IBD-disk score was we...

Gastroenterology, 2020

manner. Improvements in adapted Mayo score, endoscopic subscore, and stool frequency correlated w... more manner. Improvements in adapted Mayo score, endoscopic subscore, and stool frequency correlated with increases in CX3CL1, DNER and FLt3L (P<0.05 for all). Endoscopic improvements correlated with reductions in OSM, and improvements in fatigue correlated with increases in CCL25 and NT-3. There was a substantial overlap in biomarkers modulated by UPA in pts with UC and Crohn's disease (Figure). Conclusion: UPA modulated expression of serum pro-inflammatory mediators found in pathways associated with the pathogenesis of UC, including immune cell migration, type I/II IFN responses, T cell responses, macrophage and dendritic cell activity, hematopoiesis, neuroprotection, and mucosal repair. Consistent correlations were observed between changes in biomarker expression and improvements in disease activity and symptoms of UC.

Overall, 30% and 3% of the Belgian population suffer from fatty liver and its severe form, non-al... more Overall, 30% and 3% of the Belgian population suffer from fatty liver and its severe form, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), respectively. To date, there is no pharmacological treatment in the NASH field. Nevertheless, encouraging results have been described with obeticholic acid in a Phase 3 study. As a consequence, obeticholic acid is considered a promising therapeutic strategy. In the area of chronic inflammatory bowel disease, tofacitinib (Xeljanz®) is reimbursed since September 2019 in case of first-line treatment failure in ulcerative colitis patients, providing new perspectives to patients affected by this disease. Poorly known 10 years ago, the hepatitis E virus has recently gained interest. In Europe and more particularly in Belgium, genotype 3 is responsible for the majority of cases. Hepatitis E virus infection should be checked for in each acute hepatitis case. The disease can be more severe in two sub-populations, namely patients suffering from chronic liver disease...

Once daily MMX mesalazine for the treatment of mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis: A phase II, d... more Once daily MMX mesalazine for the treatment of mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis: A phase II, dose-ranging study

patients with moderate to severe ileocolonic Crohn’s disease following treatment with certolizuma... more patients with moderate to severe ileocolonic Crohn’s disease following treatment with certolizumab pegol

Acta gastro-enterologica Belgica, 2019

BACKGROUND The natural history of ulcerative colitis (UC) is unpredictable. Factors associated wi... more BACKGROUND The natural history of ulcerative colitis (UC) is unpredictable. Factors associated with the need for different types of step-up therapy in UC patients failing on 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) or corticosteroids are understudied. AIMS Describe step-up therapy in patients with UC the first year after failing on 5-ASA or corticosteroids. METHODS A Belgian, multi-center, prospective, non-interventional observational study comprising adult UC patients failing on 5-ASA or corticosteroids and naïve to immunomodulators/ biologicals. During a 12 months follow-up, patient characteristics, demography, medical therapy, biomarkers, therapy adherence and quality of life (QoL) were assessed. RESULTS After 1 year, 35% of the patients were on biological therapy. Use of anti-TNF differed depending on baseline treatment: corticosteroid-refractory patients (55.8%), 5-ASA refractory (20.0%), and corticosteroid-dependent (16.0%) patients (p<0.001). The decision to start a line of therapy w...

$Research paper thumbnail of Evolution of Endoscopic Lesions in Steroid-Refractory Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis Responding to Infliximab or Cyclosporine$

Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 2021

Injera is an Ethiopian fermented flatbread preferably made from whole grain cereal (tef). Tef it ... more Injera is an Ethiopian fermented flatbread preferably made from whole grain cereal (tef). Tef it is increasingly used to produce gluten-free pasta and bread, but the folate content of teff and products made from it remains unknown. Given that folate deficiencies lead to several health disorders, the aim of this study was to quantify folate in each of the three main steps of traditional processing of tef injera. Total folate contents of tef flour, fermented batter and injera were determined through microbiological assays using Lactobacillus rhamnosus (ATCC 7469). Folate content of tef flour was 8.7 μg/100 g of dry matter content, which is in the same range as the richest cereals like oats. The increase in folate content due to fermentation was highly variable (60-148%). Cooking always led to folate losses, with a maximum of 52.8%. Altogether, injera processing increased folate retention between 38.0 and 121.8%. Folate content of injera was 14.3 μg/100 g on fresh weight-basis. Tef Injera can contribute up to 10% of the recommended nutrient intake of folate for children aged 1-3 and women of reproductive age. Although the folate content of tef is already high, future studies should focus on optimizing the folate content of injera.

American Journal of Gastroenterology, 2019

American Journal of Gastroenterology, 2012

American Journal of Gastroenterology, 2010

Journal de Radiologie, 2005

Objectifs pedagogiques Preciser l’apport et les limites des techniques d’imagerie (echographie, s... more Objectifs pedagogiques Preciser l’apport et les limites des techniques d’imagerie (echographie, scanner, radiologie conventionnelle) et le role de l’endoscopie en cas d’affection aigue du colon chez l’adulte. La semeiologie elementaire des affections infectieuses, inflammatoires, ischemiques et tumorales sont revues a la lumiere de ces differentes techniques.

Gastroenterology, 2017

These clinical studies indicate plecanatide may offer a promising new treatment for patients with... more These clinical studies indicate plecanatide may offer a promising new treatment for patients with IBS-C.

Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition, Aug 29, 2016

The BELCRO cohort is a prospective, multicentre registry for newly diagnosed paediatric Crohn&#39... more The BELCRO cohort is a prospective, multicentre registry for newly diagnosed paediatric Crohn's disease patients (<18yrs) recruited 2008 - 2010 to identify predictive factors for disease activity and growth. Data from the BELCRO database were evaluated at diagnosis, 24 and 36 months follow up. At month 36 (M36), data were available on 84 of the 98 patients included at diagnosis. Disease activity evolved as follows: inactive 5 % to 70%, mild 19% to 24% and moderate to severe 76% to 6%. None of the variables: age, gender, diagnostic delay, type of treatment, disease location, disease activity at diagnosis and growth were associated with disease activity at M36. Paediatricians followed significantly less patients with active disease at M36 compared to adult physicians. Sixty % of patients had biologicals as part of their treatment at M36. Adult gastroenterologists initiated biologicals significantly earlier. They were the only factor determining biologicals 'initiation, not ...

Journal de Radiologie, 2004

$Research paper thumbnail of Ciclosporin versus infliximab in patients with severe ulcerative colitis refractory to intravenous steroids: a parallel, open-label randomised controlled trial$

The Lancet, 2012

Study design and patients Our 98 day randomised, parallel, open-label trial compared ciclosporin ... more Study design and patients Our 98 day randomised, parallel, open-label trial compared ciclosporin with infl iximab in patients admitted to hospital with severe colitis. We did our trial at 27 centres in France, Spain, Belgium, and Finland from June 1, 2007, to Aug 31, 2010. The study was designed by investigators from the Groupe d'Etudes Therapeutiques des Aff ections Infl ammatoires Diges t ives (GETAID).