Omran Alshihabi - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Omran Alshihabi
Precision agriculture ’23
Cette communication comprend quatre parties. La premiere presente brievement le modele utilise et... more Cette communication comprend quatre parties. La premiere presente brievement le modele utilise et ses parametres. La seconde partie presente les essais realises a l'oedometre a succion controlee, qui ont servi a la determination des parametres du model d'Alonso et sa verification. La troisieme partie decrit la determination des parametres du modele. La derniere presente la verification du modele sur des essais oedometriques avec et sans cycles de sechage-humidification. (A). (Voir fiche generale du congres no F100643). (Titre en anglais : Use of the constitutive relation of Alonso for modelling the behaviour of a compacted soil).
Soil Use and Management, 2018
Increased soil erosion, pressure on agricultural land, and climate change highlight the need for ... more Increased soil erosion, pressure on agricultural land, and climate change highlight the need for new management to mitigate soil loss. Management strategies should utilize comparable datasets of long-term soil erosion monitoring across multiple environments. Adaptive soil erosion management in regions with intense precipitation require an understanding of inter-annual variability in sediment yield (SY) at regional scales. Here, a novel approach is proposed for analysing regional SY. We aim to (i) investigate factors controlling inter-and intra-annual SY, (ii) combine seasonality and time compression analyses to explore SY variability and (iii) discuss management implications for different Mediterranean environments. Continuous SY measurements totalling 104 years for eight small catchments were used to describe SY variability, which ranged from 0 to 271 t/ha/year and 0 to 116 t/ha/month. Maximum SY occurs in spring to summer for catchments with oceanic climates, whilst semi-arid or dry summer climates experience SY minimums. We identified three time compression patterns at each time scale. Time compression was most intense for catchments with minimum SY in spring to summer. Low time compression was linked to very high soil loss, low runoff and sediment production thresholds, and high connectivity. Reforestation, grassland and terracing changed SY magnitudes 3/20 and time compression, but failed to reduce SY for large storm events. Periods with high probability for high SY were identified using a combination of intra-annual SY variability, seasonality analysis, and time compression analysis. Focusing management practices on monthly flow events, which account for the majority of SYs will optimise returns in Mediterranean catchments.
Water Resources Management, 2013
This paper describes the development of a Decision Support System (DSS) for groundwater managemen... more This paper describes the development of a Decision Support System (DSS) for groundwater management of the 'Zeuss Koutine' aquifer in southeastern Tunisia using the WEAP-MODFLOW framework. First, a monthly MODFLOW model was developed to simulate the behaviour of the studied aquifer. A conceptual model of the study area was designed and a WEAP schematic representing the real hydraulic system was developed. In addition to the studied aquifer, other water resources available in the region, such as desalination plants and groundwater, were taken into consideration in this DSS. Inputs to the hydrogeological model include natural recharge and inflow from higher neighbouring aquifers. Outputs are mainly agricultural, touristic and urban water consumption. It was shown that the DSS developed was able to evaluate water management scenarios up to 2030, especially future water consumption, transmission link flow and active cell heads of the MODFLOW model for each time step. Results for the Zeuss Koutine aquifer demonstrated that desalination plants already built in the cities of Jerba and Zarzis have contributed to decreasing the continuous drawdown observed before 1999. The use of a sea water desalination plant to supply Jerba and Zarzis in the future is a solution for reducing the Zeuss Koutine aquifer drawdown. Defining its optimal capacity over time poses a new research question.
Sensors, 2020
Portable X-ray fluorescence (PXRF) measurements on 1520 soil samples were used to create national... more Portable X-ray fluorescence (PXRF) measurements on 1520 soil samples were used to create national prediction models for copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and cadmium (Cd) concentrations in agricultural soil. The models were validated at both national and farm scales. Multiple linear regression (MLR), random forest (RF), and multivariate adaptive regression spline (MARS) models were created and compared. National scale cross-validation of the models gave the following R2 values for predictions of Cu (R2 = 0.63), Zn (R2 = 0.92), and Cd (R2 = 0.70) concentrations. Independent validation at the farm scale revealed that Zn predictions were relatively successful regardless of the model used (R2 > 0.90), showing that a simple MLR model can be sufficient for certain predictions. However, predictions at the farm scale revealed that the non-linear models, especially MARS, were more accurate than MLR for Cu (R2 = 0.94) and Cd (R2 = 0.80). These results show that multivariate modelling can compensate ...
Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, 2020
Abstract Soil erosion is one of the major problems that threatens agricultural production and sus... more Abstract Soil erosion is one of the major problems that threatens agricultural production and sustainability of natural resources in Syria. More than 85% of Syrian agricultural land is exposed to soil erosion at different rates. The present study estimated soil erosion in the eastern part of Yarmouk Basin in Al-Swida governorate (Southern Syria), by integrating the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model and Geographic Information System (GIS) approach. The parameters used for the RUSLE model were prepared from climatic data, field data, and satellite imageries. Results showed that average erosivity was 374.19 MJ mm ha−1 h−1 yr−1, while the K-factor ranged from 0.22 to 0.36 ton.ha.MJ−1.mm−1, and LS-factor reached 45% in some places. The estimated potential soil erosion ranged from 1.26 to 350.5 t ha− 1 yr− 1, with an average of 137.4 t ha− 1 yr− 1. Meanwhile, ninety-five percent of the study area experienced acceptable rate of erosion with soil loss, which ranged between 0 to 5 t ha− 1 yr− 1. While, rest of the area experienced unacceptable erosion rate, which ranged from 5 to 350 t ha− 1 yr− 1. Therefore, the areas which are experienced unacceptable erosion rate need immediate conservation plan from soil and water conservation point of view.
Le travail de these porte sur une etude experimentale du comportement d'un sol compacte parti... more Le travail de these porte sur une etude experimentale du comportement d'un sol compacte partiellement sature. Il s'interesse egalement sur l'effet des cycles sechage - humidification sur ce comportement. L'etude a ete realisee a l'aide des œdometres et des cellules triaxiales qui permettent de controler la succion. Ce travail comporte quatre parties. La premiere concerne une etude bibliographique des travaux realises sur les sols compactes et le comportement du sol non sature. On presente aussi les travaux realises sur les sols non satures, l'effet de la succion sur la compressibilite et la courbe de resistance et l'effet des cycles de sechage -humidification sur le potentiel de gonflement. Cette partie s'acheve par une revue des differents modeles developpes pour le sol non sature. La seconde est consacree a la description du sol etudie. Apres la presentation des caracteristiques mecaniques et intrinseques de ce materiau, on presente la methode de pr...
CropSAT is an interactive decision support system (DSS) that provides vegetation index (VI) maps ... more CropSAT is an interactive decision support system (DSS) that provides vegetation index (VI) maps from Sentinel-2 data all across the globe and lets users delineate fields, design variable-rate application of user specified inputs (mainly nitrogen, but also e.g. fungicides or growth regulators) based on the VI maps. The CropSAT DSS was initially developed in a research project at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), and has since its launch in 2015 been continuously developed in a private-public-partnership between SLU, private companies and the Swedish Board of Agriculture. Now it has global coverage, is continuously updated with new satellite images, and is provided free-of-charge in multiple languages (including Arabic and French). The present study aims at describing the CropSAT systems, summarizing research results from the ongoing developmental process and pointing to opportunities for applications in precision agriculture, e.g. in Morocco and other countries ...
Anna Smetanova (1), Yves Le Bissonnais (1), Damien Raclot (2,3), João P. Nunes (4), Feliciana Lic... more Anna Smetanova (1), Yves Le Bissonnais (1), Damien Raclot (2,3), João P. Nunes (4), Feliciana Licciardello (5), Caroline Le Bouteiller (6), Jérôme Latron (7), Emilio Rodríguez Caballero (8), Nicolle Mathys (6), Sébastien Klotz (6), Insaf Mekki (9), Francesc Gallart (7), Albert Solé Benet (10), Nuria Pérez Gallego (7), Patrick Andrieux (11), Roger Moussa (1), Olivier Planchon (2), Juliana Marisa Santos (4), Omran Alshihabi (12), and Mohamed Chikhaoui (13)
Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade, 2016
Changes of soil erosion and rainfall have been simulated by using the Water Erosion Prediction Pr... more Changes of soil erosion and rainfall have been simulated by using the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) model between 2016 and 2039 in Lattakia, Syria. This study was conducted in 6 locations that are characterized by two different ecosystems (agricultural, forest). The results show a linear decrease in rainfall amount of about 7.11 mm per year (170 mm for the whole studying period). For the years 2025, 2026 and 2030, three snowy storm events have been predicted, while the year 2030 will record the highest rainfall amount of 1816.1 mm. According to the WEPP model, the average of estimated soil erosion amount in Alhamara has reached 19 t/ha/y for the agricultural system while it is estimated to be 2.03 t/ha/y for the forest system. The general average of soil erosion in the study area (taking into consideration the variety of slope) within the agricultural system has reached 14.086 t/ha/y, which indicates that there will be a dangerous impact of future erosion on the sustainabi...
Hydrological Sciences Journal, 2014
Water availability is one of the most important factors for economic development in the Middle Ea... more Water availability is one of the most important factors for economic development in the Middle East. The Water Evaluation And Planning (WEAP) model was used to assess present and future water demand and supply in Syria till 2050. Nonconventional water resources, climate change, development, industrial growth, regional cooperation, and implementation of new water saving techniques/devices were considered important factors to include in the analysis using the WEAP model. Six scenarios were evaluated depending on the actual situation, climate change, best available technology, advanced technology, regional cooperation, and regional conflict. The results display a vital need for new water resources to balance the unmet water demands. Climate change will have a major effect on Syrian water resources; possible regional conflict will also to a major extent affect water balance. However, regional cooperation and using the best available technology can help in minimizing the gap between supply and demand.
Formation of gypsiferous crust in agriculture lands deters seedling emergence, which constitutes ... more Formation of gypsiferous crust in agriculture lands deters seedling emergence, which constitutes a major problem around the world. The objective of this study is to investigate the micro-morphology of gypsiferous crust and its influence on unsaturated soil behavior. Samples containing 47 % of gypsum were taken from Granada (North Syria), then left to dry under natural conditions. Undistributed soil samples (8×8 cm) of the crust and underlying soil material were taken in tins and impregnated with polyester resin. Thin sections were prepared, and examined with a petrographic microscope (Olympus) in plane and polarized light. The microstructure of these samples showed the distribution of soil materials and the types of pores. The crust consisted of clay, silt, calcite and gypsum attributed to the mechanical impact of raindrops. The main effect of raindrops on the soil surface layer was clogging the pores by means of the mentioned materials, which was the dominant mechanisms of crust formation. According to the structure of these soils, the infiltration rate reached a very low value and a remarkable increase in stiffness was observed.
Angewandte Chemie-international Edition, 2007
... Table 1. Physical and chemical analysis of Granada soil ... ohn Wiley & Sons, New York Ga... more ... Table 1. Physical and chemical analysis of Granada soil ... ohn Wiley & Sons, New York Gal M, Arcan L, Shainberg I, Keren R (1984) Effect of exchangeable sodium and phosphogypsum on crust structure-scanning electron microscope observations, Soil Sci Soc Am J 48:872–878 ...
Precision agriculture ’23
Cette communication comprend quatre parties. La premiere presente brievement le modele utilise et... more Cette communication comprend quatre parties. La premiere presente brievement le modele utilise et ses parametres. La seconde partie presente les essais realises a l'oedometre a succion controlee, qui ont servi a la determination des parametres du model d'Alonso et sa verification. La troisieme partie decrit la determination des parametres du modele. La derniere presente la verification du modele sur des essais oedometriques avec et sans cycles de sechage-humidification. (A). (Voir fiche generale du congres no F100643). (Titre en anglais : Use of the constitutive relation of Alonso for modelling the behaviour of a compacted soil).
Soil Use and Management, 2018
Increased soil erosion, pressure on agricultural land, and climate change highlight the need for ... more Increased soil erosion, pressure on agricultural land, and climate change highlight the need for new management to mitigate soil loss. Management strategies should utilize comparable datasets of long-term soil erosion monitoring across multiple environments. Adaptive soil erosion management in regions with intense precipitation require an understanding of inter-annual variability in sediment yield (SY) at regional scales. Here, a novel approach is proposed for analysing regional SY. We aim to (i) investigate factors controlling inter-and intra-annual SY, (ii) combine seasonality and time compression analyses to explore SY variability and (iii) discuss management implications for different Mediterranean environments. Continuous SY measurements totalling 104 years for eight small catchments were used to describe SY variability, which ranged from 0 to 271 t/ha/year and 0 to 116 t/ha/month. Maximum SY occurs in spring to summer for catchments with oceanic climates, whilst semi-arid or dry summer climates experience SY minimums. We identified three time compression patterns at each time scale. Time compression was most intense for catchments with minimum SY in spring to summer. Low time compression was linked to very high soil loss, low runoff and sediment production thresholds, and high connectivity. Reforestation, grassland and terracing changed SY magnitudes 3/20 and time compression, but failed to reduce SY for large storm events. Periods with high probability for high SY were identified using a combination of intra-annual SY variability, seasonality analysis, and time compression analysis. Focusing management practices on monthly flow events, which account for the majority of SYs will optimise returns in Mediterranean catchments.
Water Resources Management, 2013
This paper describes the development of a Decision Support System (DSS) for groundwater managemen... more This paper describes the development of a Decision Support System (DSS) for groundwater management of the 'Zeuss Koutine' aquifer in southeastern Tunisia using the WEAP-MODFLOW framework. First, a monthly MODFLOW model was developed to simulate the behaviour of the studied aquifer. A conceptual model of the study area was designed and a WEAP schematic representing the real hydraulic system was developed. In addition to the studied aquifer, other water resources available in the region, such as desalination plants and groundwater, were taken into consideration in this DSS. Inputs to the hydrogeological model include natural recharge and inflow from higher neighbouring aquifers. Outputs are mainly agricultural, touristic and urban water consumption. It was shown that the DSS developed was able to evaluate water management scenarios up to 2030, especially future water consumption, transmission link flow and active cell heads of the MODFLOW model for each time step. Results for the Zeuss Koutine aquifer demonstrated that desalination plants already built in the cities of Jerba and Zarzis have contributed to decreasing the continuous drawdown observed before 1999. The use of a sea water desalination plant to supply Jerba and Zarzis in the future is a solution for reducing the Zeuss Koutine aquifer drawdown. Defining its optimal capacity over time poses a new research question.
Sensors, 2020
Portable X-ray fluorescence (PXRF) measurements on 1520 soil samples were used to create national... more Portable X-ray fluorescence (PXRF) measurements on 1520 soil samples were used to create national prediction models for copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and cadmium (Cd) concentrations in agricultural soil. The models were validated at both national and farm scales. Multiple linear regression (MLR), random forest (RF), and multivariate adaptive regression spline (MARS) models were created and compared. National scale cross-validation of the models gave the following R2 values for predictions of Cu (R2 = 0.63), Zn (R2 = 0.92), and Cd (R2 = 0.70) concentrations. Independent validation at the farm scale revealed that Zn predictions were relatively successful regardless of the model used (R2 > 0.90), showing that a simple MLR model can be sufficient for certain predictions. However, predictions at the farm scale revealed that the non-linear models, especially MARS, were more accurate than MLR for Cu (R2 = 0.94) and Cd (R2 = 0.80). These results show that multivariate modelling can compensate ...
Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, 2020
Abstract Soil erosion is one of the major problems that threatens agricultural production and sus... more Abstract Soil erosion is one of the major problems that threatens agricultural production and sustainability of natural resources in Syria. More than 85% of Syrian agricultural land is exposed to soil erosion at different rates. The present study estimated soil erosion in the eastern part of Yarmouk Basin in Al-Swida governorate (Southern Syria), by integrating the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model and Geographic Information System (GIS) approach. The parameters used for the RUSLE model were prepared from climatic data, field data, and satellite imageries. Results showed that average erosivity was 374.19 MJ mm ha−1 h−1 yr−1, while the K-factor ranged from 0.22 to 0.36 ton.ha.MJ−1.mm−1, and LS-factor reached 45% in some places. The estimated potential soil erosion ranged from 1.26 to 350.5 t ha− 1 yr− 1, with an average of 137.4 t ha− 1 yr− 1. Meanwhile, ninety-five percent of the study area experienced acceptable rate of erosion with soil loss, which ranged between 0 to 5 t ha− 1 yr− 1. While, rest of the area experienced unacceptable erosion rate, which ranged from 5 to 350 t ha− 1 yr− 1. Therefore, the areas which are experienced unacceptable erosion rate need immediate conservation plan from soil and water conservation point of view.
Le travail de these porte sur une etude experimentale du comportement d'un sol compacte parti... more Le travail de these porte sur une etude experimentale du comportement d'un sol compacte partiellement sature. Il s'interesse egalement sur l'effet des cycles sechage - humidification sur ce comportement. L'etude a ete realisee a l'aide des œdometres et des cellules triaxiales qui permettent de controler la succion. Ce travail comporte quatre parties. La premiere concerne une etude bibliographique des travaux realises sur les sols compactes et le comportement du sol non sature. On presente aussi les travaux realises sur les sols non satures, l'effet de la succion sur la compressibilite et la courbe de resistance et l'effet des cycles de sechage -humidification sur le potentiel de gonflement. Cette partie s'acheve par une revue des differents modeles developpes pour le sol non sature. La seconde est consacree a la description du sol etudie. Apres la presentation des caracteristiques mecaniques et intrinseques de ce materiau, on presente la methode de pr...
CropSAT is an interactive decision support system (DSS) that provides vegetation index (VI) maps ... more CropSAT is an interactive decision support system (DSS) that provides vegetation index (VI) maps from Sentinel-2 data all across the globe and lets users delineate fields, design variable-rate application of user specified inputs (mainly nitrogen, but also e.g. fungicides or growth regulators) based on the VI maps. The CropSAT DSS was initially developed in a research project at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), and has since its launch in 2015 been continuously developed in a private-public-partnership between SLU, private companies and the Swedish Board of Agriculture. Now it has global coverage, is continuously updated with new satellite images, and is provided free-of-charge in multiple languages (including Arabic and French). The present study aims at describing the CropSAT systems, summarizing research results from the ongoing developmental process and pointing to opportunities for applications in precision agriculture, e.g. in Morocco and other countries ...
Anna Smetanova (1), Yves Le Bissonnais (1), Damien Raclot (2,3), João P. Nunes (4), Feliciana Lic... more Anna Smetanova (1), Yves Le Bissonnais (1), Damien Raclot (2,3), João P. Nunes (4), Feliciana Licciardello (5), Caroline Le Bouteiller (6), Jérôme Latron (7), Emilio Rodríguez Caballero (8), Nicolle Mathys (6), Sébastien Klotz (6), Insaf Mekki (9), Francesc Gallart (7), Albert Solé Benet (10), Nuria Pérez Gallego (7), Patrick Andrieux (11), Roger Moussa (1), Olivier Planchon (2), Juliana Marisa Santos (4), Omran Alshihabi (12), and Mohamed Chikhaoui (13)
Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade, 2016
Changes of soil erosion and rainfall have been simulated by using the Water Erosion Prediction Pr... more Changes of soil erosion and rainfall have been simulated by using the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) model between 2016 and 2039 in Lattakia, Syria. This study was conducted in 6 locations that are characterized by two different ecosystems (agricultural, forest). The results show a linear decrease in rainfall amount of about 7.11 mm per year (170 mm for the whole studying period). For the years 2025, 2026 and 2030, three snowy storm events have been predicted, while the year 2030 will record the highest rainfall amount of 1816.1 mm. According to the WEPP model, the average of estimated soil erosion amount in Alhamara has reached 19 t/ha/y for the agricultural system while it is estimated to be 2.03 t/ha/y for the forest system. The general average of soil erosion in the study area (taking into consideration the variety of slope) within the agricultural system has reached 14.086 t/ha/y, which indicates that there will be a dangerous impact of future erosion on the sustainabi...
Hydrological Sciences Journal, 2014
Water availability is one of the most important factors for economic development in the Middle Ea... more Water availability is one of the most important factors for economic development in the Middle East. The Water Evaluation And Planning (WEAP) model was used to assess present and future water demand and supply in Syria till 2050. Nonconventional water resources, climate change, development, industrial growth, regional cooperation, and implementation of new water saving techniques/devices were considered important factors to include in the analysis using the WEAP model. Six scenarios were evaluated depending on the actual situation, climate change, best available technology, advanced technology, regional cooperation, and regional conflict. The results display a vital need for new water resources to balance the unmet water demands. Climate change will have a major effect on Syrian water resources; possible regional conflict will also to a major extent affect water balance. However, regional cooperation and using the best available technology can help in minimizing the gap between supply and demand.
Formation of gypsiferous crust in agriculture lands deters seedling emergence, which constitutes ... more Formation of gypsiferous crust in agriculture lands deters seedling emergence, which constitutes a major problem around the world. The objective of this study is to investigate the micro-morphology of gypsiferous crust and its influence on unsaturated soil behavior. Samples containing 47 % of gypsum were taken from Granada (North Syria), then left to dry under natural conditions. Undistributed soil samples (8×8 cm) of the crust and underlying soil material were taken in tins and impregnated with polyester resin. Thin sections were prepared, and examined with a petrographic microscope (Olympus) in plane and polarized light. The microstructure of these samples showed the distribution of soil materials and the types of pores. The crust consisted of clay, silt, calcite and gypsum attributed to the mechanical impact of raindrops. The main effect of raindrops on the soil surface layer was clogging the pores by means of the mentioned materials, which was the dominant mechanisms of crust formation. According to the structure of these soils, the infiltration rate reached a very low value and a remarkable increase in stiffness was observed.
Angewandte Chemie-international Edition, 2007
... Table 1. Physical and chemical analysis of Granada soil ... ohn Wiley & Sons, New York Ga... more ... Table 1. Physical and chemical analysis of Granada soil ... ohn Wiley & Sons, New York Gal M, Arcan L, Shainberg I, Keren R (1984) Effect of exchangeable sodium and phosphogypsum on crust structure-scanning electron microscope observations, Soil Sci Soc Am J 48:872–878 ...