Onemayin Jimoh - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Onemayin Jimoh
Asian Research Journal of Agriculture
The study assessed the farmers’ training needs on drought management strategies for improved crop... more The study assessed the farmers’ training needs on drought management strategies for improved crops and livestock production in Northern Nigeria Six Nigerian northern states were sampled based on the intensity of drought. 792 farmers were randomly selected for the study. Primary and secondary data were collected using questionnaire with trained enumerators. Validation of questionnaire for data collection and reliability test were carried out. The results revealed 38.5 years as the farmers’ mean age with household size of 9 persons. 84.5% of the farmers had formal education and average of 5.27ha of cultivated farm land. 80% of the farmers experienced reduction in crops’ yields and livestock production with higher income loss in livestock production. This is based on Adopter Perception Theory which argues that the adoption process starts with the perception that there is need to innovate. Researches had established that drought affect almost all agricultural activities. Finding reveale...
Fluvial erosion is the detachment of soil particles from the riverbank or bed by the action of nu... more Fluvial erosion is the detachment of soil particles from the riverbank or bed by the action of numerous factors including land use, vegetation geomorphology, soil properties and climate change. There are various techniques currently available for measuring riverbank erosion at broad range spatial and temporal scales. Riverbank erosion measurements are vital in the documentation of riverbank erosion and deposition. Measurement of riverbank erosion could provide several important information that could be used for various functions, especially in river corridor management. Various measuring techniques have been implemented with varying degrees of success. This paper highlights and discusses different methods, emphasising on their operating principle, merits, and demerits as well as their field application. The measuring techniques include erosion pin, survey, erosion painting, photo electronic erosion pin (PEEP), photogrammetry, and lidar technology. The selected methods discussed in ...
Open Journal of Modern Hydrology, 2020
Hydrological drought is usually characterised by water loss over time from both underground and s... more Hydrological drought is usually characterised by water loss over time from both underground and surface supplies. Thus for this study, the assessment of hydrological drought was carried out by employing Cumulative Rainfall/Streamflow Anomaly as preliminary tools for the presence of drought signatures while detailed characterisation was via Streamflow Drought Index (SDI). The results revealed that hydrological drought was observed in all the stations; however, though in general, the stations could be classified as experiencing near normal drought conditions with mild drought signatures. The findings also revealed that the average streamflow deficit volume and durations of the hydrological drought severity were 1.780 Mm 3 and 192 months, 1.444 Mm 3 and 252 months, 3.148 Mm 3 and 252 months, and 0.159 Mm 3 and 372 months for Bakolori, Goronyo (pre dam construction era), Goronyo (post dam construction era) and Zobe stations, respectively. The results also revealed the relevance of flow duration curve and analysis of frequency of drought state transition for the development of scenario-based basin water resources management protocol. The coefficient of determination (R 2) statistic of the developed regression models indicate that 73.3% and 86.5% variation in streamflow dynamics across the Basin can be explained by climate change variables. However, for sustainable management of water resources in the Basin, it is imperative that characterisation of hydrological drought and monitoring should employ robust indices which use improved monthly precipitation estimates under global warming scenario in addition to ensuring that there is a shift from reactive to proactive approach in order to combat
Journal of Water Resource and Protection, 2020
In a world where excessive use and degradation of water resources are threatening the sustainabil... more In a world where excessive use and degradation of water resources are threatening the sustainability of livelihoods dependent on water and agriculture, increased food production will have to be done in the face of a changing climate and climate variability. There is a need to make optimal use of the available water resource to maximize productivity. Climate-smart irrigation is aimed at increasing per unit production and income from irrigated cropping systems without having negative impacts on the environment or other water users and uses. This paper developed a water allocation model using Genetic Algorithm to equitably allocation available water to the various sectors in Kano River Irrigation Scheme yielding an optimal as well as equitable water release with a 96.44% demand met. An average relative supply of 0.94 was obtained indicating the there was even supply of water to all the sectors. The model is robust and relatively easy to apply and can be employed by farm managers to achieve equity and optimal use of the available water resource.
Nigerian Journal of Technology, 2016
The critical situation of unwelcome frustration experienced by urban trip makers and roadside dwe... more The critical situation of unwelcome frustration experienced by urban trip makers and roadside dwellers alike, calls for a very strong push by all stakeholders in the transportation sector to enhance the service performance of transportation facilities using Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). Needed strategies for successful ITS implementation in both developed and developing nations, include but not limited to policy formulation and planning, funding of ITS projects, development and deployment of research products, system performance measurement, optimization of the performance of existing infrastructure, capacity building, etc. which could be much promoted with research efforts. Advanced Public Transportation System (APTS) and Advanced Traveller Information System (ATIS) categories as products of research on ITS were developed with data derived from urban trip makers on captive corridors, both in Ilorin, Kwara State and Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. The fundamental basis and status of the research activities targeted at developing and deploying the ITS in Nigeria are highlighted in the paper.
… University Journal of …, 2007
Environmental Impact Auditing of Food Processing Industry in ... Nigeria: The Case of Climate and... more Environmental Impact Auditing of Food Processing Industry in ... Nigeria: The Case of Climate and Air Quality ... Ogbonnaya Chukwu, Emmanuel Sunday Akin Ajisegiri, Kolawole Rasheed Onifade and Onemayin David Jimoh ... School of Engineering and Engineering ...
GCEC 2017
Sedimentation is a concern to water resources project globally; water flows along with certain de... more Sedimentation is a concern to water resources project globally; water flows along with certain degree of sediment naturally, and when the natural flow regime of a river is altered by a dam, the reservoir stores both water and sediment which settles in the reservoir and reduces the storage capacity. Reduction in storage capacity of a reservoir beyond a limit hampers the purpose for which it was designed. River Dagga is proposed to be dammed for water supply purpose, but there is no consistent monitoring of sediment inflow into the rivers in Nigeria. This research aims to study the suspended sediment-laden water carried by River Dagga, Niger State Nigeria. Though most methods of estimating the rates of sedimentation are quite cumbersome, time-consuming and expensive but the availability of some data, (the sediment and flow rating curves) ease these difficulties. In this study, the direct method of sediment sampling data approach has been used to estimate the rate of sediments carried by river Dagga. The result shows that River Dagga sediment inflow is low as water flows only during the raining season, the bed material soil transported along the river bed is classified. The suspended sediment estimates are expected to increase if the upstream of the catchment area is subjected to further urbanization, farming, and animal grazing activities.
IAHS-AISH publication, 2003
The Kaduna River is impounded at Shiroro for the sole purpose of generating electricity. There is... more The Kaduna River is impounded at Shiroro for the sole purpose of generating electricity. There is, however, a persistently low reservoir level between November and June due to seasonal fluctuations in the river inflows to the Shiroro Reservoir. A proposed scheme to increase Shiroro Reservoir storage is to transfer 1500 Mm 3 of water (which is about 10% of the mean annual inflow to Shiroro Reservoir) from the Gurara River to the Shiroro Reservoir between December and May. The interbasin water transfer is intended to stabilize the Shiroro Reservoir level. This paper examines the effect of the water transfer on the storage level of this reservoir. Fourteen years of daily inflow record were used to study the real-time operation of the reservoir. The results indicate that with the water transfer, the reservoir attains its maximum operating level in July and maintains it until September or October, whereas the maximum operating level would have been attained in August without the transfer...
River Niger traverses two humid catchment areas that are separated by a wide expanse of semi-arid... more River Niger traverses two humid catchment areas that are separated by a wide expanse of semi-arid environment. Within its lower course, the river has been impounded at two points (Kainji and Jebba) for the sole purpose of generating electricity. This paper discusses the hydrological regime of the river at Lokoja before and after the first dam (Kainji) was commissioned. It was observed that the annual flow during the post-dam period was lower than that of pre-dam period by 10%. This reduction occurred mainly in September, October and November. The seven-day average low flow increased from 520 m 3 /s during pre-dam to 800 m 3 /s during the post-dam periods, while the fifteen-day average low flow increased from 500 to 850 m 3 /s during the respective period. The flood level (Q10) during the post-dam period was lower than the level during pre-dam. This observation shows that one of the effects of river regulation on low flow at Lokoja is to mitigate the severity of low flows, as well as to reduce maximum daily peak flow. It was also discovered that there were variations in the baseflow (Q90) from the pre-dam to post-dam period. The increase in Q90 value during the post-dam period could be attributed to changes in land use and agricultural practices.
River Niger traverses two humid catchment areas that are separated by a wide expanse of semi-arid... more River Niger traverses two humid catchment areas that are separated by a wide expanse of semi-arid environment. Within its lower course, the river has been impounded at two points (Kainji and Jebba) for the sole purpose of generating electricity. This paper discusses the hydrological regime of the river at Lokoja before and after the first dam (Kainji) was commissioned. It was observed that the annual flow during the post-dam period was lower than that of pre-dam period by 10%. This reduction occurred mainly in September, October and November. The seven-day average low flow increased from 520 m 3 /s during pre-dam to 800 m 3 /s during the post-dam periods, while the fifteen-day average low flow increased from 500 to 850 m 3 /s during the respective period. The flood level (Q10) during the post-dam period was lower than the level during pre-dam. This observation shows that one of the effects of river regulation on low flow at Lokoja is to mitigate the severity of low flows, as well as...
Minna is a developing city that lies between the Sahel and Guinea Savanna regions of Nigeria, and... more Minna is a developing city that lies between the Sahel and Guinea Savanna regions of Nigeria, and occupies a land area of 490 ha. Its population has increased from 70,000 in 1979 to over 300,000 in 2000. This increase has been attributed to a number of reasons such as nearness to the federal capital city of Nigeria and economic growth. During the period, the number of motor vehicles in the city increased by 400%. Although an increase in the motor vehicles eases the movement of people and goods, it could lead to an increase in traffic emission, which would constitute environmental and health hazards. A micro-scale analysis of the pollutants on a busy road in the city was studied during the dry season. A piston hand gas pump with detector tubes was used to sample CO, NO2, SO2, and CO2. Only traces of NO2 and SO2 were detected. The concentration of CO detected was as high as 15 ppm, which is a little lower than the Federal Environmental Protection Agency limit of 20 ppm, and was attrib...
International Journal of Environmental Research, 2015
Waste is a by-product of our daily activities, which poses a serious threat to societies all over... more Waste is a by-product of our daily activities, which poses a serious threat to societies all over the world. In this study, life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology was used to determine municipal solid waste (MSW) management strategy for Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. Three scenarios were modelled as alternatives to the current waste management system in Minna. The baseline scenario was the existing open dumping waste management strategy operating in Minna presently and this was used as the reference and chosen as the benchmark in which all the three modeled scenarios were measured and compared. One tone of municipal solid waste of Minna was selected as the functional unit. The life cycle inventory analysis was carried out with the aid of SimaPro 7.2 educational software. The environmental impact parameters dealt with were: carcinogen, ecotoxicity, acidification, eutrophication and global warming. This research work showed that modeled scenario 1 had a greatest reduction in global war...
Open Journal of Modern Hydrology
Hydrological drought is usually characterised by water loss over time from both underground and s... more Hydrological drought is usually characterised by water loss over time from both underground and surface supplies. Thus for this study, the assessment of hydrological drought was carried out by employing Cumulative Rainfall/Streamflow Anomaly as preliminary tools for the presence of drought signatures while detailed characterisation was via Streamflow Drought Index (SDI). The results revealed that hydrological drought was observed in all the stations; however, though in general, the stations could be classified as experiencing near normal drought conditions with mild drought signatures. The findings also revealed that the average streamflow deficit volume and durations of the hydrological drought severity were 1.780 Mm3 and 192 months, 1.444 Mm3 and 252 months, 3.148 Mm3 and 252 months, and 0.159 Mm3 and 372 months for Bakolori, Goronyo (pre dam construction era), Goronyo (post dam construction era) and Zobe stations, respectively. The results also revealed the relevance of flow duration curve and analysis of frequency of drought state transition for the development of scenario-based basin water resources management protocol. The coefficient of determination (R2) statistic of the developed regression models indicate that 73.3% and 86.5% variation in streamflow dynamics across the Basin can be explained by climate change variables. However, for sustainable management of water resources in the Basin, it is imperative that characterisation of hydrological drought and monitoring should employ robust indices which use improved monthly precipitation estimates under global warming scenario in addition to ensuring that there is a shift from reactive to proactive approach in order to combat hydrological risk. Hence, a robust framework that finds application both for planning mitigation actions which embody strategic, tactical and emergency components should be designed; to this end, analysis of persistence and recurrence of drought in time and determination of possible recurrent patterns are necessary.
IEEE Access
A vehicle tracking system assists public transportation users in their movements by providing rea... more A vehicle tracking system assists public transportation users in their movements by providing real-time information on the locations of vehicles in transit. Public transportation in parts of developing nations, especially Nigeria is ineffective. The system is chaotic and frustrating, especially at peak traffic periods. In a bid to address the problem, a vehicle tracking system was developed as a component of an Advanced Public Transportation System to improve commuting in an urban arterial. The developed system is based on wireless technologies of the Global Positioning System (GPS) and Global System for Mobile Communication module. It records and displays real-time vehicle location using a GPS-based greedy forwarding algorithm, computes route distance information using distance-time based algorithm and radar range sensor (RRS). A pseudo-range mathematical model using the Haversine formula was adopted in determining the accurate position of an object during signal transmission from GPS satellites to the receiver message module. The minimum inversion matrix method was used for the GPS-based geometric dilution of precision (GDoP) selection of satellite approximation and distance. Atmega328P controller chip was used as the logical control unit for processing activities in the tracking system and programming in Arduino IDE using C-language. The system was deployed to a university transportation system in Nigeria: a journey to and from the Bosso and Gidan Kwano Campuses route in the Federal University of Technology, Minna. The vehicle tracking system was tested with 11 tracked satellite and minor dilution error (PDoP error = 1.9, HDoP=0.9, and VDOP=1.7) was recorded. The system is efficient and accurate in distance and time information display with a minor delay. The system would enhance fleet management schemes for urban arterial and can be adopted universally.
Journal of Water Resource and Protection
In a world where excessive use and degradation of water resources are threatening the sustainabil... more In a world where excessive use and degradation of water resources are threatening the sustainability of livelihoods dependent on water and agriculture, increased food production will have to be done in the face of a changing climate and climate variability. There is a need to make optimal use of the available water resource to maximize productivity. Climate-smart irrigation is aimed at increasing per unit production and income from irrigated cropping systems without having negative impacts on the environment or other water users and uses. This paper developed a water allocation model using Genetic Algorithm to equitably allocation available water to the various sectors in Kano River Irrigation Scheme yielding an optimal as well as equitable water release with a 96.44% demand met. An average relative supply of 0.94 was obtained indicating the there was even supply of water to all the sectors. The model is robust and relatively easy to apply and can be employed by farm managers to achieve equity and optimal use of the available water resource.
Climatic Change, Oct 4, 2018
This paper examines changes in rainfall effectiveness indices of the Awun basin in Nigeria during... more This paper examines changes in rainfall effectiveness indices of the Awun basin in Nigeria during the late twenty-first century for agricultural applications with outputs from highresolution regional climate model (RCM) simulations. The RCM simulations are driven by two global climate models for a reference period (1985-2004) and a future period (2080-2099) and for RCP4.5 (a scenario with some mitigation) and RCP8.5 (a business as usual scenario) forcings. Simulations are provided for the control (1985-2004) and scenario (2080-2099) periods. Observations from synoptic station are used for bias-correction. Three indices being local onset date, seasonality index (SI), and hydrologic ratio (HR) are analyzed. Onset and HR are tested with two evapotranspiration (ET p) models. Farmers' perceptions are also collected to validate trends of rainfall indices for the present-day climate. We found that onset dates do not depend much on the ET p models used, and farmers' perceptions are consistent with predicted rainfall patterns. Present-day climate trend shows an early onset. However, onset is projected to be late in future and the delay will be magnified under the business as usual scenario. Indeed, average onset date is found on the 5th May for present-day while in the future, a delay about 4 and 8 weeks is projected under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios respectively. SI is between 0.80 and 0.99, and HR is less than 0.75 for all scenarios, meaning respectively that (i) the rainy season will get shorter and (ii) the area will get drier in the future compared to the present-day. Local stakeholders are forewarned to prepare for potential response strategies. A continuous provision of forecast-based rainfall indices to support farmer's decision making is also recommended.
… University Journal of …, 2007
Environmental Impact Auditing of Food Processing Industry in ... Nigeria: The Case of Climate and... more Environmental Impact Auditing of Food Processing Industry in ... Nigeria: The Case of Climate and Air Quality ... Ogbonnaya Chukwu, Emmanuel Sunday Akin Ajisegiri, Kolawole Rasheed Onifade and Onemayin David Jimoh ... School of Engineering and Engineering ...
Water and Environment Journal, 2009
ABSTRACT
Asian Research Journal of Agriculture
The study assessed the farmers’ training needs on drought management strategies for improved crop... more The study assessed the farmers’ training needs on drought management strategies for improved crops and livestock production in Northern Nigeria Six Nigerian northern states were sampled based on the intensity of drought. 792 farmers were randomly selected for the study. Primary and secondary data were collected using questionnaire with trained enumerators. Validation of questionnaire for data collection and reliability test were carried out. The results revealed 38.5 years as the farmers’ mean age with household size of 9 persons. 84.5% of the farmers had formal education and average of 5.27ha of cultivated farm land. 80% of the farmers experienced reduction in crops’ yields and livestock production with higher income loss in livestock production. This is based on Adopter Perception Theory which argues that the adoption process starts with the perception that there is need to innovate. Researches had established that drought affect almost all agricultural activities. Finding reveale...
Fluvial erosion is the detachment of soil particles from the riverbank or bed by the action of nu... more Fluvial erosion is the detachment of soil particles from the riverbank or bed by the action of numerous factors including land use, vegetation geomorphology, soil properties and climate change. There are various techniques currently available for measuring riverbank erosion at broad range spatial and temporal scales. Riverbank erosion measurements are vital in the documentation of riverbank erosion and deposition. Measurement of riverbank erosion could provide several important information that could be used for various functions, especially in river corridor management. Various measuring techniques have been implemented with varying degrees of success. This paper highlights and discusses different methods, emphasising on their operating principle, merits, and demerits as well as their field application. The measuring techniques include erosion pin, survey, erosion painting, photo electronic erosion pin (PEEP), photogrammetry, and lidar technology. The selected methods discussed in ...
Open Journal of Modern Hydrology, 2020
Hydrological drought is usually characterised by water loss over time from both underground and s... more Hydrological drought is usually characterised by water loss over time from both underground and surface supplies. Thus for this study, the assessment of hydrological drought was carried out by employing Cumulative Rainfall/Streamflow Anomaly as preliminary tools for the presence of drought signatures while detailed characterisation was via Streamflow Drought Index (SDI). The results revealed that hydrological drought was observed in all the stations; however, though in general, the stations could be classified as experiencing near normal drought conditions with mild drought signatures. The findings also revealed that the average streamflow deficit volume and durations of the hydrological drought severity were 1.780 Mm 3 and 192 months, 1.444 Mm 3 and 252 months, 3.148 Mm 3 and 252 months, and 0.159 Mm 3 and 372 months for Bakolori, Goronyo (pre dam construction era), Goronyo (post dam construction era) and Zobe stations, respectively. The results also revealed the relevance of flow duration curve and analysis of frequency of drought state transition for the development of scenario-based basin water resources management protocol. The coefficient of determination (R 2) statistic of the developed regression models indicate that 73.3% and 86.5% variation in streamflow dynamics across the Basin can be explained by climate change variables. However, for sustainable management of water resources in the Basin, it is imperative that characterisation of hydrological drought and monitoring should employ robust indices which use improved monthly precipitation estimates under global warming scenario in addition to ensuring that there is a shift from reactive to proactive approach in order to combat
Journal of Water Resource and Protection, 2020
In a world where excessive use and degradation of water resources are threatening the sustainabil... more In a world where excessive use and degradation of water resources are threatening the sustainability of livelihoods dependent on water and agriculture, increased food production will have to be done in the face of a changing climate and climate variability. There is a need to make optimal use of the available water resource to maximize productivity. Climate-smart irrigation is aimed at increasing per unit production and income from irrigated cropping systems without having negative impacts on the environment or other water users and uses. This paper developed a water allocation model using Genetic Algorithm to equitably allocation available water to the various sectors in Kano River Irrigation Scheme yielding an optimal as well as equitable water release with a 96.44% demand met. An average relative supply of 0.94 was obtained indicating the there was even supply of water to all the sectors. The model is robust and relatively easy to apply and can be employed by farm managers to achieve equity and optimal use of the available water resource.
Nigerian Journal of Technology, 2016
The critical situation of unwelcome frustration experienced by urban trip makers and roadside dwe... more The critical situation of unwelcome frustration experienced by urban trip makers and roadside dwellers alike, calls for a very strong push by all stakeholders in the transportation sector to enhance the service performance of transportation facilities using Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). Needed strategies for successful ITS implementation in both developed and developing nations, include but not limited to policy formulation and planning, funding of ITS projects, development and deployment of research products, system performance measurement, optimization of the performance of existing infrastructure, capacity building, etc. which could be much promoted with research efforts. Advanced Public Transportation System (APTS) and Advanced Traveller Information System (ATIS) categories as products of research on ITS were developed with data derived from urban trip makers on captive corridors, both in Ilorin, Kwara State and Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. The fundamental basis and status of the research activities targeted at developing and deploying the ITS in Nigeria are highlighted in the paper.
… University Journal of …, 2007
Environmental Impact Auditing of Food Processing Industry in ... Nigeria: The Case of Climate and... more Environmental Impact Auditing of Food Processing Industry in ... Nigeria: The Case of Climate and Air Quality ... Ogbonnaya Chukwu, Emmanuel Sunday Akin Ajisegiri, Kolawole Rasheed Onifade and Onemayin David Jimoh ... School of Engineering and Engineering ...
GCEC 2017
Sedimentation is a concern to water resources project globally; water flows along with certain de... more Sedimentation is a concern to water resources project globally; water flows along with certain degree of sediment naturally, and when the natural flow regime of a river is altered by a dam, the reservoir stores both water and sediment which settles in the reservoir and reduces the storage capacity. Reduction in storage capacity of a reservoir beyond a limit hampers the purpose for which it was designed. River Dagga is proposed to be dammed for water supply purpose, but there is no consistent monitoring of sediment inflow into the rivers in Nigeria. This research aims to study the suspended sediment-laden water carried by River Dagga, Niger State Nigeria. Though most methods of estimating the rates of sedimentation are quite cumbersome, time-consuming and expensive but the availability of some data, (the sediment and flow rating curves) ease these difficulties. In this study, the direct method of sediment sampling data approach has been used to estimate the rate of sediments carried by river Dagga. The result shows that River Dagga sediment inflow is low as water flows only during the raining season, the bed material soil transported along the river bed is classified. The suspended sediment estimates are expected to increase if the upstream of the catchment area is subjected to further urbanization, farming, and animal grazing activities.
IAHS-AISH publication, 2003
The Kaduna River is impounded at Shiroro for the sole purpose of generating electricity. There is... more The Kaduna River is impounded at Shiroro for the sole purpose of generating electricity. There is, however, a persistently low reservoir level between November and June due to seasonal fluctuations in the river inflows to the Shiroro Reservoir. A proposed scheme to increase Shiroro Reservoir storage is to transfer 1500 Mm 3 of water (which is about 10% of the mean annual inflow to Shiroro Reservoir) from the Gurara River to the Shiroro Reservoir between December and May. The interbasin water transfer is intended to stabilize the Shiroro Reservoir level. This paper examines the effect of the water transfer on the storage level of this reservoir. Fourteen years of daily inflow record were used to study the real-time operation of the reservoir. The results indicate that with the water transfer, the reservoir attains its maximum operating level in July and maintains it until September or October, whereas the maximum operating level would have been attained in August without the transfer...
River Niger traverses two humid catchment areas that are separated by a wide expanse of semi-arid... more River Niger traverses two humid catchment areas that are separated by a wide expanse of semi-arid environment. Within its lower course, the river has been impounded at two points (Kainji and Jebba) for the sole purpose of generating electricity. This paper discusses the hydrological regime of the river at Lokoja before and after the first dam (Kainji) was commissioned. It was observed that the annual flow during the post-dam period was lower than that of pre-dam period by 10%. This reduction occurred mainly in September, October and November. The seven-day average low flow increased from 520 m 3 /s during pre-dam to 800 m 3 /s during the post-dam periods, while the fifteen-day average low flow increased from 500 to 850 m 3 /s during the respective period. The flood level (Q10) during the post-dam period was lower than the level during pre-dam. This observation shows that one of the effects of river regulation on low flow at Lokoja is to mitigate the severity of low flows, as well as to reduce maximum daily peak flow. It was also discovered that there were variations in the baseflow (Q90) from the pre-dam to post-dam period. The increase in Q90 value during the post-dam period could be attributed to changes in land use and agricultural practices.
River Niger traverses two humid catchment areas that are separated by a wide expanse of semi-arid... more River Niger traverses two humid catchment areas that are separated by a wide expanse of semi-arid environment. Within its lower course, the river has been impounded at two points (Kainji and Jebba) for the sole purpose of generating electricity. This paper discusses the hydrological regime of the river at Lokoja before and after the first dam (Kainji) was commissioned. It was observed that the annual flow during the post-dam period was lower than that of pre-dam period by 10%. This reduction occurred mainly in September, October and November. The seven-day average low flow increased from 520 m 3 /s during pre-dam to 800 m 3 /s during the post-dam periods, while the fifteen-day average low flow increased from 500 to 850 m 3 /s during the respective period. The flood level (Q10) during the post-dam period was lower than the level during pre-dam. This observation shows that one of the effects of river regulation on low flow at Lokoja is to mitigate the severity of low flows, as well as...
Minna is a developing city that lies between the Sahel and Guinea Savanna regions of Nigeria, and... more Minna is a developing city that lies between the Sahel and Guinea Savanna regions of Nigeria, and occupies a land area of 490 ha. Its population has increased from 70,000 in 1979 to over 300,000 in 2000. This increase has been attributed to a number of reasons such as nearness to the federal capital city of Nigeria and economic growth. During the period, the number of motor vehicles in the city increased by 400%. Although an increase in the motor vehicles eases the movement of people and goods, it could lead to an increase in traffic emission, which would constitute environmental and health hazards. A micro-scale analysis of the pollutants on a busy road in the city was studied during the dry season. A piston hand gas pump with detector tubes was used to sample CO, NO2, SO2, and CO2. Only traces of NO2 and SO2 were detected. The concentration of CO detected was as high as 15 ppm, which is a little lower than the Federal Environmental Protection Agency limit of 20 ppm, and was attrib...
International Journal of Environmental Research, 2015
Waste is a by-product of our daily activities, which poses a serious threat to societies all over... more Waste is a by-product of our daily activities, which poses a serious threat to societies all over the world. In this study, life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology was used to determine municipal solid waste (MSW) management strategy for Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. Three scenarios were modelled as alternatives to the current waste management system in Minna. The baseline scenario was the existing open dumping waste management strategy operating in Minna presently and this was used as the reference and chosen as the benchmark in which all the three modeled scenarios were measured and compared. One tone of municipal solid waste of Minna was selected as the functional unit. The life cycle inventory analysis was carried out with the aid of SimaPro 7.2 educational software. The environmental impact parameters dealt with were: carcinogen, ecotoxicity, acidification, eutrophication and global warming. This research work showed that modeled scenario 1 had a greatest reduction in global war...
Open Journal of Modern Hydrology
Hydrological drought is usually characterised by water loss over time from both underground and s... more Hydrological drought is usually characterised by water loss over time from both underground and surface supplies. Thus for this study, the assessment of hydrological drought was carried out by employing Cumulative Rainfall/Streamflow Anomaly as preliminary tools for the presence of drought signatures while detailed characterisation was via Streamflow Drought Index (SDI). The results revealed that hydrological drought was observed in all the stations; however, though in general, the stations could be classified as experiencing near normal drought conditions with mild drought signatures. The findings also revealed that the average streamflow deficit volume and durations of the hydrological drought severity were 1.780 Mm3 and 192 months, 1.444 Mm3 and 252 months, 3.148 Mm3 and 252 months, and 0.159 Mm3 and 372 months for Bakolori, Goronyo (pre dam construction era), Goronyo (post dam construction era) and Zobe stations, respectively. The results also revealed the relevance of flow duration curve and analysis of frequency of drought state transition for the development of scenario-based basin water resources management protocol. The coefficient of determination (R2) statistic of the developed regression models indicate that 73.3% and 86.5% variation in streamflow dynamics across the Basin can be explained by climate change variables. However, for sustainable management of water resources in the Basin, it is imperative that characterisation of hydrological drought and monitoring should employ robust indices which use improved monthly precipitation estimates under global warming scenario in addition to ensuring that there is a shift from reactive to proactive approach in order to combat hydrological risk. Hence, a robust framework that finds application both for planning mitigation actions which embody strategic, tactical and emergency components should be designed; to this end, analysis of persistence and recurrence of drought in time and determination of possible recurrent patterns are necessary.
IEEE Access
A vehicle tracking system assists public transportation users in their movements by providing rea... more A vehicle tracking system assists public transportation users in their movements by providing real-time information on the locations of vehicles in transit. Public transportation in parts of developing nations, especially Nigeria is ineffective. The system is chaotic and frustrating, especially at peak traffic periods. In a bid to address the problem, a vehicle tracking system was developed as a component of an Advanced Public Transportation System to improve commuting in an urban arterial. The developed system is based on wireless technologies of the Global Positioning System (GPS) and Global System for Mobile Communication module. It records and displays real-time vehicle location using a GPS-based greedy forwarding algorithm, computes route distance information using distance-time based algorithm and radar range sensor (RRS). A pseudo-range mathematical model using the Haversine formula was adopted in determining the accurate position of an object during signal transmission from GPS satellites to the receiver message module. The minimum inversion matrix method was used for the GPS-based geometric dilution of precision (GDoP) selection of satellite approximation and distance. Atmega328P controller chip was used as the logical control unit for processing activities in the tracking system and programming in Arduino IDE using C-language. The system was deployed to a university transportation system in Nigeria: a journey to and from the Bosso and Gidan Kwano Campuses route in the Federal University of Technology, Minna. The vehicle tracking system was tested with 11 tracked satellite and minor dilution error (PDoP error = 1.9, HDoP=0.9, and VDOP=1.7) was recorded. The system is efficient and accurate in distance and time information display with a minor delay. The system would enhance fleet management schemes for urban arterial and can be adopted universally.
Journal of Water Resource and Protection
In a world where excessive use and degradation of water resources are threatening the sustainabil... more In a world where excessive use and degradation of water resources are threatening the sustainability of livelihoods dependent on water and agriculture, increased food production will have to be done in the face of a changing climate and climate variability. There is a need to make optimal use of the available water resource to maximize productivity. Climate-smart irrigation is aimed at increasing per unit production and income from irrigated cropping systems without having negative impacts on the environment or other water users and uses. This paper developed a water allocation model using Genetic Algorithm to equitably allocation available water to the various sectors in Kano River Irrigation Scheme yielding an optimal as well as equitable water release with a 96.44% demand met. An average relative supply of 0.94 was obtained indicating the there was even supply of water to all the sectors. The model is robust and relatively easy to apply and can be employed by farm managers to achieve equity and optimal use of the available water resource.
Climatic Change, Oct 4, 2018
This paper examines changes in rainfall effectiveness indices of the Awun basin in Nigeria during... more This paper examines changes in rainfall effectiveness indices of the Awun basin in Nigeria during the late twenty-first century for agricultural applications with outputs from highresolution regional climate model (RCM) simulations. The RCM simulations are driven by two global climate models for a reference period (1985-2004) and a future period (2080-2099) and for RCP4.5 (a scenario with some mitigation) and RCP8.5 (a business as usual scenario) forcings. Simulations are provided for the control (1985-2004) and scenario (2080-2099) periods. Observations from synoptic station are used for bias-correction. Three indices being local onset date, seasonality index (SI), and hydrologic ratio (HR) are analyzed. Onset and HR are tested with two evapotranspiration (ET p) models. Farmers' perceptions are also collected to validate trends of rainfall indices for the present-day climate. We found that onset dates do not depend much on the ET p models used, and farmers' perceptions are consistent with predicted rainfall patterns. Present-day climate trend shows an early onset. However, onset is projected to be late in future and the delay will be magnified under the business as usual scenario. Indeed, average onset date is found on the 5th May for present-day while in the future, a delay about 4 and 8 weeks is projected under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios respectively. SI is between 0.80 and 0.99, and HR is less than 0.75 for all scenarios, meaning respectively that (i) the rainy season will get shorter and (ii) the area will get drier in the future compared to the present-day. Local stakeholders are forewarned to prepare for potential response strategies. A continuous provision of forecast-based rainfall indices to support farmer's decision making is also recommended.
… University Journal of …, 2007
Environmental Impact Auditing of Food Processing Industry in ... Nigeria: The Case of Climate and... more Environmental Impact Auditing of Food Processing Industry in ... Nigeria: The Case of Climate and Air Quality ... Ogbonnaya Chukwu, Emmanuel Sunday Akin Ajisegiri, Kolawole Rasheed Onifade and Onemayin David Jimoh ... School of Engineering and Engineering ...
Water and Environment Journal, 2009
ABSTRACT