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Papers by Opaluwa Obaje Daniel

Research paper thumbnail of Occurrence and Impact of Heavy Metals on Groundwater Sources: A Case Study of Two Communities in Nasarawa State, Nigeria

IntechOpen eBooks, Oct 17, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of Proximate Compositions and Health Risk Evaluation of Heavy Metal Uptake by Vegetables Grown at a Waste –Water Irrigated Site in Fct, Abuja, Nigeria

International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research and Engineering, 2018

The purpose of the study was to evaluate some proximate compositions and health risk of heavy met... more The purpose of the study was to evaluate some proximate compositions and health risk of heavy metal uptake by vegetables grown at a waste-water irrigated sites in FCT, Abuja. The study was carried in dry seasons between 2015 and 2017. Two different types of vegetable samples (Lagos Spinach-Celosia argentea and African Eggplant -Solanum macrocarpon) were collected simultaneously from three irrigated farm sites. Heavy metal levels were quantified using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Other parameters were determined using standard methods. The levels of heavy metals in vegetables varied according to sites. Proximate composition in both vegetable leaves recorded higher mean values for total ash (8.65-8.97), crude fibre (10.83-11.25), protein (4.96-5.08), Fat (3.05-3.29) and dry matter (65.58-68.85) indicating that they were rich in nutrients that promote healthy living. The mean levels of Zn (3.36±0.50) and Ni (0.03±0.01) in Lagos Spinach ; and Zn (2.80±0.36) and Ni (0.04±0.02) in African Eggplant were generally lower than the FAO/WHO permissible limits except for Fe (14.96±0.86), (15.81±0.89) and Pb (1.12±0.11), (1.31±0.11) in both vegetables that were significantly higher (P<0.05). Lagos Spinach recorded lower Metal Pollution Index (10.35) while African Eggplant had the highest value (12.18) suggesting that these vegetables may present more health risk to the consumers of these vegetable. Daily Intake values of Fe (0.089), Zn (0.020), Ni (0.001) and Pb (0.006) in Lagos Spinach and Fe (0.094), Zn (0.017), Ni (0.001) and Pb (0.008) in African Eggplant were below the WHO/FAO and USEPA permissible limits. However, Health risk index of heavy metals in vegetable samples were less than 1 indicating no significant health risk associated with the consumption of vegetables by the consumers.

Research paper thumbnail of Amino Acid Profile and Vitamin C Content of Selected Condiments Used as Thickeners in Soup Preparation

Aim: This study aimed to analyze the amino acid profile and determine the vitamin C content of th... more Aim: This study aimed to analyze the amino acid profile and determine the vitamin C content of the condiments named Detarium microcarpum (DM), Cissus populnea (CP), Grewia mollis (GW) and Parkia biglobosa (PB). Study Design: The condiments obtained from Gwagwa market, Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja were used for this study to analyze and determine the amino acid profile and vitamin C content. Place and Duration of the Study: The study was conducted in Abuja, Nigeria at the Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Quality Control, National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development [NIPRD], from February 2020 to September 2020. Methodology: The amino acid profile of the condiments was analyzed using methods described Original Research Article Zubairu et al.; AFSJ, 20(9): 21-28, 2021; Article no.AFSJ.70147 22 by (Maria et al., 2004). The samples were dried to constant weight, defatted, hydrolyzed, evaporated in a rotary evaporator and loaded into the Applied Biosystems...

Research paper thumbnail of Proximate Compositions and Health Risk Evaluation of Heavy Metal Uptake by Vegetables Grown at a Waste -Water Irrigated Site in Fct, Abuja, Nigeria

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING, 2018

The purpose of the study was to evaluate some proximate compositions and health risk of heavy met... more The purpose of the study was to evaluate some proximate compositions and health risk of heavy metal uptake by vegetables grown at a waste-water irrigated sites in FCT, Abuja. The study was carried in dry seasons between 2015 and 2017. Two different types of vegetable samples (Lagos Spinach-Celosia argentea and African Eggplant -Solanum macrocarpon) were collected simultaneously from three irrigated farm sites. Heavy metal levels were quantified using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Other parameters were determined using standard methods. The levels of heavy metals in vegetables varied according to sites. Proximate composition in both vegetable leaves recorded higher mean values for total ash (8.65-8.97), crude fibre (10.83-11.25), protein (4.96-5.08), Fat (3.05-3.29) and dry matter (65.58-68.85) indicating that they were rich in nutrients that promote healthy living. The mean levels of Zn (3.36±0.50) and Ni (0.03±0.01) in Lagos Spinach ; and Zn (2.80±0.36) and Ni (0.04±0.02) in African Eggplant were generally lower than the FAO/WHO permissible limits except for Fe (14.96±0.86), (15.81±0.89) and Pb (1.12±0.11), (1.31±0.11) in both vegetables that were significantly higher (P<0.05). Lagos Spinach recorded lower Metal Pollution Index (10.35) while African Eggplant had the highest value (12.18) suggesting that these vegetables may present more health risk to the consumers of these vegetable. Daily Intake values of Fe (0.089), Zn (0.020), Ni (0.001) and Pb (0.006) in Lagos Spinach and Fe (0.094), Zn (0.017), Ni (0.001) and Pb (0.008) in African Eggplant were below the WHO/FAO and USEPA permissible limits. However, Health risk index of heavy metals in vegetable samples were less than 1 indicating no significant health risk associated with the consumption of vegetables by the consumers.

Thesis Chapters by Opaluwa Obaje Daniel

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of Some Physicochemical Parameters of Soil And Heavy Metals In Soil And Vegetables Cultivated Along The Bank of Mpape River In FCT, Abuja, Nigeria

IOSR-JESTFT; JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE , TOXICOLOGY AND FOOD TECHNOLOGY., 2018

The purpose of the study was to assess some physicochemical parameters of soil and the heavy meta... more The purpose of the study was to assess some physicochemical parameters of soil and the heavy metal concentrations in soil and vegetables along the bank of Mpape River in FCT, Abuja. The study was carried out in dry season between 2016 and 2017. Soil and vegetables samples were collected simultaneously from three irrigated farm sites. Heavy metal levels were quantified using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Other parameters were determined using standard methods. The levels of physicochemical characteristics in soil and the heavy metals in soil and vegetables varied significantly according to sites without adhering to any significant trend. Soil pH (5.62±0.72) was slightly acidic, soil temperature (27.37±0.60 0 C) and OM content (3.31±0.37 %)were significantly higher and within WHO/FAO 1 permissible limits.Levels of Cr and Cd were below detectable limits while Mn (7.61±0.76) and Cu (0.65±0.016) in soil were below EU 2 permissible limits. The levels of Cr (0.17±0.08),Mn (7.22±0.59), Cd (0.02±0.01) and Cu (0.80±0.26) in Lagos Spinach were significantly higher than the levels of Cr (0.29±0.16), Mn (3.92±0.53), Cd (0.01±0.03) and Cu (0.67±0.28) in African Eggplant which were below FAO/WHO 1 and EU 2 permissible limits. Transfer factors (TF) values for Mn and Cu surpass 0.5 showing that the vegetables were largely contaminated by Mn and Cu while Cr and Cd were below 0.5 in the two vegetables. Daily intakes value (DIM) calculated for Cr, Cd and Cu in vegetables were generally below the WHO/EU 2, 3 and SEPA 5 maximum limits except for Mn that was higher than the limits indicating that people who consumed these vegetables may accumulate more of the Mn. Health Risk Index in both vegetables from all the farms was less than 1, indicating that no significant potential health risk associated with the consumption of these vegetables. All the metals were significantly different (<0.05). The correlation analysis showed that the metals in these farms have varying correlations. All the metals in all the farms were strong and positively correlated which is an indication that they have common source of pollution.

Research paper thumbnail of CODEN(USA): CRJHA5 Quality Studies for Some Physicochemical Parameters and Textural Properties of Soil On Irrigated Farm Sites in FCT, Abuja, Nigeria

CHEMISTRY RESEARCH JOURNAL (chemrj.org), 2018

The study was carried out to evaluate the quality of some physicochemical parameters and textural... more The study was carried out to evaluate the quality of some physicochemical parameters and textural properties of soil on irrigated farm sites in FCT, Abuja, Nigeria. The Soil samples were collected along the river bank in dry seasons from three (3) irrigated farm sites and were analysed using standard methods. Soil pH wa generally acidic in all the farm sites. Levels of pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), nitrate, phosphate, chloride and sulphate did not vary significantly according to sites (P≤0.05) except for phosphate in farm B. Levels of pH (5.94±0.78) and Cl-(0.32±0.01) were higher in farm A, PO 4 3-(15.05±0.94) and NO 3-(0.28±0.03) in farm B and CEC (0.37±0.04) and (0.48±0.36) SO 4 2-in farm C. Levels of physicochemical parameters of soil were within the WHO/FAO permissible limits for irrigation. The acidic nature of soil may lead to remobilization of heavy metals adsorbed onto the sediment surfaces into the water column, which may result to pollution. Textural properties of soil recorded higher sandy fractions (75±0.63) in all the farm sites; however, Silt (5±0.03) and Clay (20±0.18) were lower. The nature of the soils from these farms may be suitable for sanitary landfills. Since high sand content of any soil implies high leaching potentials with high permeability of water, the underground water beneath these farm areas could be threatened by pollutants from the farm sites. The implication is that the vegetables grown in these farm lands may be deficient in some of the nutrients to grow.

Research paper thumbnail of Occurrence and Impact of Heavy Metals on Groundwater Sources: A Case Study of Two Communities in Nasarawa State, Nigeria

IntechOpen eBooks, Oct 17, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of Proximate Compositions and Health Risk Evaluation of Heavy Metal Uptake by Vegetables Grown at a Waste –Water Irrigated Site in Fct, Abuja, Nigeria

International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research and Engineering, 2018

The purpose of the study was to evaluate some proximate compositions and health risk of heavy met... more The purpose of the study was to evaluate some proximate compositions and health risk of heavy metal uptake by vegetables grown at a waste-water irrigated sites in FCT, Abuja. The study was carried in dry seasons between 2015 and 2017. Two different types of vegetable samples (Lagos Spinach-Celosia argentea and African Eggplant -Solanum macrocarpon) were collected simultaneously from three irrigated farm sites. Heavy metal levels were quantified using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Other parameters were determined using standard methods. The levels of heavy metals in vegetables varied according to sites. Proximate composition in both vegetable leaves recorded higher mean values for total ash (8.65-8.97), crude fibre (10.83-11.25), protein (4.96-5.08), Fat (3.05-3.29) and dry matter (65.58-68.85) indicating that they were rich in nutrients that promote healthy living. The mean levels of Zn (3.36±0.50) and Ni (0.03±0.01) in Lagos Spinach ; and Zn (2.80±0.36) and Ni (0.04±0.02) in African Eggplant were generally lower than the FAO/WHO permissible limits except for Fe (14.96±0.86), (15.81±0.89) and Pb (1.12±0.11), (1.31±0.11) in both vegetables that were significantly higher (P<0.05). Lagos Spinach recorded lower Metal Pollution Index (10.35) while African Eggplant had the highest value (12.18) suggesting that these vegetables may present more health risk to the consumers of these vegetable. Daily Intake values of Fe (0.089), Zn (0.020), Ni (0.001) and Pb (0.006) in Lagos Spinach and Fe (0.094), Zn (0.017), Ni (0.001) and Pb (0.008) in African Eggplant were below the WHO/FAO and USEPA permissible limits. However, Health risk index of heavy metals in vegetable samples were less than 1 indicating no significant health risk associated with the consumption of vegetables by the consumers.

Research paper thumbnail of Amino Acid Profile and Vitamin C Content of Selected Condiments Used as Thickeners in Soup Preparation

Aim: This study aimed to analyze the amino acid profile and determine the vitamin C content of th... more Aim: This study aimed to analyze the amino acid profile and determine the vitamin C content of the condiments named Detarium microcarpum (DM), Cissus populnea (CP), Grewia mollis (GW) and Parkia biglobosa (PB). Study Design: The condiments obtained from Gwagwa market, Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja were used for this study to analyze and determine the amino acid profile and vitamin C content. Place and Duration of the Study: The study was conducted in Abuja, Nigeria at the Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Quality Control, National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development [NIPRD], from February 2020 to September 2020. Methodology: The amino acid profile of the condiments was analyzed using methods described Original Research Article Zubairu et al.; AFSJ, 20(9): 21-28, 2021; Article no.AFSJ.70147 22 by (Maria et al., 2004). The samples were dried to constant weight, defatted, hydrolyzed, evaporated in a rotary evaporator and loaded into the Applied Biosystems...

Research paper thumbnail of Proximate Compositions and Health Risk Evaluation of Heavy Metal Uptake by Vegetables Grown at a Waste -Water Irrigated Site in Fct, Abuja, Nigeria

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING, 2018

The purpose of the study was to evaluate some proximate compositions and health risk of heavy met... more The purpose of the study was to evaluate some proximate compositions and health risk of heavy metal uptake by vegetables grown at a waste-water irrigated sites in FCT, Abuja. The study was carried in dry seasons between 2015 and 2017. Two different types of vegetable samples (Lagos Spinach-Celosia argentea and African Eggplant -Solanum macrocarpon) were collected simultaneously from three irrigated farm sites. Heavy metal levels were quantified using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Other parameters were determined using standard methods. The levels of heavy metals in vegetables varied according to sites. Proximate composition in both vegetable leaves recorded higher mean values for total ash (8.65-8.97), crude fibre (10.83-11.25), protein (4.96-5.08), Fat (3.05-3.29) and dry matter (65.58-68.85) indicating that they were rich in nutrients that promote healthy living. The mean levels of Zn (3.36±0.50) and Ni (0.03±0.01) in Lagos Spinach ; and Zn (2.80±0.36) and Ni (0.04±0.02) in African Eggplant were generally lower than the FAO/WHO permissible limits except for Fe (14.96±0.86), (15.81±0.89) and Pb (1.12±0.11), (1.31±0.11) in both vegetables that were significantly higher (P<0.05). Lagos Spinach recorded lower Metal Pollution Index (10.35) while African Eggplant had the highest value (12.18) suggesting that these vegetables may present more health risk to the consumers of these vegetable. Daily Intake values of Fe (0.089), Zn (0.020), Ni (0.001) and Pb (0.006) in Lagos Spinach and Fe (0.094), Zn (0.017), Ni (0.001) and Pb (0.008) in African Eggplant were below the WHO/FAO and USEPA permissible limits. However, Health risk index of heavy metals in vegetable samples were less than 1 indicating no significant health risk associated with the consumption of vegetables by the consumers.

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of Some Physicochemical Parameters of Soil And Heavy Metals In Soil And Vegetables Cultivated Along The Bank of Mpape River In FCT, Abuja, Nigeria

IOSR-JESTFT; JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE , TOXICOLOGY AND FOOD TECHNOLOGY., 2018

The purpose of the study was to assess some physicochemical parameters of soil and the heavy meta... more The purpose of the study was to assess some physicochemical parameters of soil and the heavy metal concentrations in soil and vegetables along the bank of Mpape River in FCT, Abuja. The study was carried out in dry season between 2016 and 2017. Soil and vegetables samples were collected simultaneously from three irrigated farm sites. Heavy metal levels were quantified using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Other parameters were determined using standard methods. The levels of physicochemical characteristics in soil and the heavy metals in soil and vegetables varied significantly according to sites without adhering to any significant trend. Soil pH (5.62±0.72) was slightly acidic, soil temperature (27.37±0.60 0 C) and OM content (3.31±0.37 %)were significantly higher and within WHO/FAO 1 permissible limits.Levels of Cr and Cd were below detectable limits while Mn (7.61±0.76) and Cu (0.65±0.016) in soil were below EU 2 permissible limits. The levels of Cr (0.17±0.08),Mn (7.22±0.59), Cd (0.02±0.01) and Cu (0.80±0.26) in Lagos Spinach were significantly higher than the levels of Cr (0.29±0.16), Mn (3.92±0.53), Cd (0.01±0.03) and Cu (0.67±0.28) in African Eggplant which were below FAO/WHO 1 and EU 2 permissible limits. Transfer factors (TF) values for Mn and Cu surpass 0.5 showing that the vegetables were largely contaminated by Mn and Cu while Cr and Cd were below 0.5 in the two vegetables. Daily intakes value (DIM) calculated for Cr, Cd and Cu in vegetables were generally below the WHO/EU 2, 3 and SEPA 5 maximum limits except for Mn that was higher than the limits indicating that people who consumed these vegetables may accumulate more of the Mn. Health Risk Index in both vegetables from all the farms was less than 1, indicating that no significant potential health risk associated with the consumption of these vegetables. All the metals were significantly different (<0.05). The correlation analysis showed that the metals in these farms have varying correlations. All the metals in all the farms were strong and positively correlated which is an indication that they have common source of pollution.

Research paper thumbnail of CODEN(USA): CRJHA5 Quality Studies for Some Physicochemical Parameters and Textural Properties of Soil On Irrigated Farm Sites in FCT, Abuja, Nigeria

CHEMISTRY RESEARCH JOURNAL (chemrj.org), 2018

The study was carried out to evaluate the quality of some physicochemical parameters and textural... more The study was carried out to evaluate the quality of some physicochemical parameters and textural properties of soil on irrigated farm sites in FCT, Abuja, Nigeria. The Soil samples were collected along the river bank in dry seasons from three (3) irrigated farm sites and were analysed using standard methods. Soil pH wa generally acidic in all the farm sites. Levels of pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), nitrate, phosphate, chloride and sulphate did not vary significantly according to sites (P≤0.05) except for phosphate in farm B. Levels of pH (5.94±0.78) and Cl-(0.32±0.01) were higher in farm A, PO 4 3-(15.05±0.94) and NO 3-(0.28±0.03) in farm B and CEC (0.37±0.04) and (0.48±0.36) SO 4 2-in farm C. Levels of physicochemical parameters of soil were within the WHO/FAO permissible limits for irrigation. The acidic nature of soil may lead to remobilization of heavy metals adsorbed onto the sediment surfaces into the water column, which may result to pollution. Textural properties of soil recorded higher sandy fractions (75±0.63) in all the farm sites; however, Silt (5±0.03) and Clay (20±0.18) were lower. The nature of the soils from these farms may be suitable for sanitary landfills. Since high sand content of any soil implies high leaching potentials with high permeability of water, the underground water beneath these farm areas could be threatened by pollutants from the farm sites. The implication is that the vegetables grown in these farm lands may be deficient in some of the nutrients to grow.